JPH03115598A - Method for overlay-plating bearing material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To develop a bearing material capable of withstanding a high-speed high load and excellent in lubricity and resistance to corrosion, wear and seizing by forming an overlay plating layer of an alloy added with the dispersed specified surfactant and fluorine-contg. compd. and consisting essentially of Pb at the time of producing a bearing material. CONSTITUTION:In the production of a bearing material for a highspeed rotor, a material obtained by coating a back steel sheet 4 with the powder of a Cu-Pb- Sn-based alloy and sintering 3 the powder, a material obtained by coating the surface of the back steel sheet in which a Cu-Pb-Sn-based alloy 3 is cast with an Ni plating 2 in 0.5-2mum thickness or a material obtained by sticking an Al alloy to the back steel sheet and plating the surface with Cu in 0.5-2mum thickness are used as the bearing material. An overlay plating layer 1 added with a surfactant or a surfactant activated with a cation such as amine ion and having a free radical and a fluorinated compd. such as polytetrafluoroethylene and contg. 10-20% Sn and the balance Pb is formed on the surface of the bearing material.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an overlay plating method for bearing materials, and more specifically, an organic fluororesin is dispersed in the overlay plating on the surface of the bearing material to improve lubricity, corrosion resistance, and embedding properties. The present invention relates to an overlay plating method for bearing materials that improves properties such as hardness, wear resistance, and tN seizure resistance.

Conventional technology Traditionally, a high-11 copper powder alloy material called Kelmet has been used as a bearing material for high-speed rotating bodies such as engines in automatic machines, and a plating called an overlay is applied on top of this sintered material. .

The role of this overlay υ1 is corrosion resistance, burial resistance, 14F
This is to improve J wear resistance and seizure resistance, etc.
This overlay is formed by forming a metal alloy coating tube whose main component is lead.

This overlay significantly improved bearing longevity. However, in order to withstand the current trend toward higher speeds and higher loads in automobile engines, overlays have historically needed to have improved seizure resistance, especially among other properties such as seizure resistance and abrasion resistance. A common way to improve these properties is to apply lead alloy plating with additive elements such as indium, thallium, and antimony as an overlay to an alloy plating mainly composed of copper-lead and tin. Additive metals are not very effective in improving seizure resistance, but work to improve wear resistance, and conventional plating methods consisting only of metals have a limit in improving seizure resistance. Improvement in this point was desired.

For example, in the conventional Pb-5n-In alloy plating method, Pb-8n alloy plating is first applied, and then -
The method is to apply indium plating to the overlay, and then use heat treatment to uniformly disperse the indium throughout the overlay. Depending on the two steps of plating and heat treatment and the temperature control, pb- 3n-1r+ alloy plating.

In addition, as an additive element to Pb-8n-In alloy, for example, C
u, 1'1. A method of adding Mn%B i , Ca, Ba, sb, etc. is disclosed in JP-A No. 6-84435 and JP-A No. 5
It is described in 9-205442 and the like.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems. Specifically, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems. TF
Seizure resistance has been improved by eutectoiding E with lead as the main component, forming a plated layer, withstanding high speed and high loads, and providing strong seizing resistance. The purpose of this paper is to propose an overlay method for bearing materials with excellent J wear resistance.

Means for solving the problem and its operation, the present invention provides that when forming an overlay of alloy plating containing lead as a main component on a bearing material, surfactant and 7. Alternatively, a surfactant containing free radicals activated by cations such as amine ions and a fluorine-containing polymer compound are added, uniformly dispersed in an alloy plating bath, and plated, and the fluorine-containing polymer compound is combined with a lead alloy. The eutectoid is called fJ characteristic.

The following describes the structure and operation of the two means of the present invention.

The present invention aims to uniformly disperse a fluorine-containing polymer compound having lubricating properties and heat resistance in an alloy plating layer mainly composed of silica. This fluorine-containing polymer compound is polytetrafluoroethylene (PrFE)
A fluorine-containing polymer material with excellent rA slip properties as represented by! The i'1fiIIIi activator is used to uniformly disperse the polymeric material in the plating bath. Conventionally, no technology has been proposed to apply this concept to overlays, which are lead alloy plating, and the inventor of the present invention has made it possible to apply this type of dispersion plating to overlays using a new technology. This is what I did.

In addition, it can be applied as an overlay plating of a conventional Kelmet alloy (copper-lead tin) with a back metal or an aluminum alloy.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

In addition, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the outline of a load test M device, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a half-split bearing. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the half bearing in use.

Bearings used as bearings for car engines and the like are half-split bearings as shown in Figure 3 (two metal bearings are made into a cylindrical shape as shown in Figure 4) and are used as bearings for rotating parts.

As shown in FIG. 1, the surface of this half-split metal has a back metal 4 coated with a copper-lead-tin powder sintered alloy 3. This sintered alloy may be a cast alloy. Further, in addition to copper-based materials, aluminum alloys, cladding with aluminum alloys, or powdered aluminum alloys may be clad on the backing metal and rolled. The best of such bearing alloys -
Plating the surface with nickel plating (so-called 2) with a thickness of 1 to 2 μm (
In the case of aluminum alloy, copper plating may be used), and lead alloy is plated thereon as overlay plating@1. The metal (half bearing) manufactured in this way is generally used as one bearing of an automobile engine or a connecting rod bearing.

The main purpose of this overlay plating is to improve corrosion resistance.
Improved foreign matter embedding ability (even if foreign matter gets mixed in between the shaft and the metal, the soft lead alloy plating will trap it, dispersing the foreign matter into the overlay layer and preventing burning4 and local grinding) ) etc.

Various studies have been conducted on this overlay plating, and the main component is lead and the second component is tin.
%, and by adding indium (In>, copper, etc.) to this, the compatibility with oil, seizure resistance, binding resistance, etc. are improved.In order to further improve the characteristics, the above-mentioned So, 1'L Mn, B i , Ca, Ba,
31) 1 element is added. The present invention is an improvement of such alloy plating properties, and in order to improve properties such as fire resistance (=J property), the present invention uses a known PTF that has excellent lubricating properties.
The purpose is to uniformly disperse a fluorine-containing polymer compound such as E in a lead alloy plating bath, and eutectoid it with the lead alloy on surfaces that require lubricity, such as electrical bearings.

As a method for eutectoiding a lead alloy and a fluorine-containing polymer compound, the fluorine-containing polymer compound is completely wrapped in a surfactant and a surfactant having free radicals activated by cations such as 7 or amine ions. , P
TFE particles can be polarized and uniformly dispersed in a plating bath for plating.

Known surfactants consisting of anionic, cationic, ionic and nonionic surfactants can be used, and it is preferable to use, for example, trimethylammonium salt, methyltrimethylammorum bromide, etc. as a dirt stabilizer. .

As explained above, when a fluorine-containing polymer compound such as PTFE is simultaneously deposited in an ordinary alloy plating bath containing lead as a main component in a dispersed plating bath, lubricity improves, seizure resistance, and high load resistance are achieved. Can be made with durable overlay.

Example Examples will be described below.

Example 1 Sintered copper alloy was placed on a steel plate (thickness 0.9fflI11).
The rope material was coated with 00 μm of nickel and plated with 1 μm of nickel using a normal Watt bath. On top of this, an overlay was plated using the bath composition and plating conditions shown in Table 1.

In addition, the bath composition in Table 1 contains 3% methyltrimethylammonium bromide, polyoxyethylene oxdylphenyl
PTFE (0
, 2-0.4 μm particles) at 10 (]
Plating was carried out using a bath containing 1.

For comparison, plating was conducted using the bath composition and plating conditions shown in Table 1. These were measured using a precious wood type abrasion tester, and the results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. According to Table 2, the seizure resistance of the example is 20% higher than that of the comparative example.
It can be seen that 9·i has improved to ~30, and wear m has decreased by 30 to 50%. In addition, the results of testing using an underfoot tester (for rotating shaft bearing fatigue testing) that tests the fatigue condition by attaching the test metal 5 and the load fitting 6 to the rotating shaft 7 shown in Fig. 4 are shown in the second section. Put it on the table. All results are superior in each characteristic compared to the comparative example, which is a conventional overlay, and PTFE is eutectoid, albeit indirectly. Table 1 Example 2 Same plating bath composition as Example 1 As an additive, 30% I. rimedyl ammonium field dissolved in water and isopropanol medium was used as P T F E (0.2 to 0.4.
czm particles) for 5 Q /'l, 2 m t K
When plating was carried out using a bath containing
25% in terms of fire resistance fNj load compared to those without E added
The result was a 35% reduction in wear and tear.

<Keiei of the Invention> As explained in detail above, the present invention incorporates lead into the bearing material.
When forming an overlay layer of alloy plating as a component, a surfactant and 2. Alternatively, a surfactant having free radicals activated by cations such as amines and ions and a fluorine-containing polymer compound are added and uniformly dispersed in an alloy plating bath for plating. It is characterized by being eutectoid with lead alloys.

Therefore, since the fluorine-containing polymer compound is uniformly dispersed and plated on the overlay plating area, which has lead as its main component, the plating process can be completed in one step.
Provided is a method for overlay plating of a bearing material, which can form a bearing material that can withstand high speed and high loads, and has improved properties such as lubricity, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and seizure resistance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the method of the present invention, Figure 2
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a half bearing, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the half bearing in use. Code]...Overlay plating circle 2...
・Nickel plating layer 3... Sintered alloy 4... N gold 5... Test metal 6... Load fitting 7... Rotation axis 1st figure Hadokenken 3rd figure

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) When forming an overlay layer of alloy plating containing lead as a main component on a bearing material, in the alloy plating bath, activated by a surfactant and/or cations such as amine ions. The method is characterized in that a surfactant having a free radical and a fluorine-containing polymer compound are added, uniformly dispersed in an alloy plating bath, and plated, and the fluorine-containing polymer compound is eutectoid with the lead alloy. Overlay plating method for bearing materials. 2) The bearing material is made of a steel plate back metal coated with copper-lead-tin alloy powder, this alloy is sintered in a reducing atmosphere, and the surface is nickel plated to a thickness of 0.5 to 2 μm. A method for overlay plating a bearing material according to claim 1. 3) The bearing material according to claim 1, wherein the bearing material is made by casting a copper-lead-tin alloy onto a steel plate back metal, and the surface thereof is plated with nickel to a thickness of 0.5 to 2 μm. Overlay plating method. 4) The overlay plating of the bearing material according to claim 1, wherein the bearing material is made by bonding an alloy containing aluminum as a main component to a steel plate back metal by cladding or other method, and plating copper thereon with a thickness of 0.5 to 2 μm. Method.