JPH0310123A - Abnormality detecting apparatus utilizing acoustic analysis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To decrease labor required for judging abnormality and to improve efficiency in abnormality diagnosis by driving a microphone up and down and left and right, and scanning the entire region to be monitored. CONSTITUTION:The sounds generated at various parts of a device 1 are collected with a sound collecting microphone 2. The sounds are transduced into sound wave signals. The sound wave signals are converted 12 into digital data. A Frouier transformation device 13 analyzes the power spectrum of the collected sound waves based on the sound wave data. The microphone 2 is made to scan in the X and Y directions in two dimensions when the device 1 is normal, and the analyzed data of the device 13 at this time are written in a data storage memory 14 in correspondence with the X-Y scanning position. At the time of actual monitoring, the data are read out of the memory 14 in correspondence with the X-Y position to which the microphone 2 is directed in synchronization with the X-Y scanning of the microphone 2. Then, the present analysis data of the device 13 are compared with the reference value which is read out of the memory 14 in a sound wave diagnostic device 15. When the deviation between the reference value and the present analysis data exceeds the preset value, the abnormal signal is generated. Then the picked-up image of the abnormal- sound generating part is obtained in a camera monitor 11 in response to the abnormal signal.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is directed to detecting abnormalities in equipment, equipment, or equipment that generates sound waves during operation, such as rotating equipment, vibrating equipment, and equipment or equipment equipped with these equipment. It is related to the device.

[Prior art]

As shown in Fig. 2, a conventional abnormality detection device using acoustic analysis includes a sound collection microphone 2 that collects sounds generated in the equipment to be diagnosed which is the monitoring target, a synchroscope 3, a data recorder 4, and a sound collection device. This is a combination of direct listening and earphones 6. The microphone 2 is installed close to the diagnostic part 7 (for example, a bearing) of the equipment 1 to be diagnosed.
The sound generated by the system is collected, and its sound waveform is displayed and recorded on a synchronoscope 3 and a data recorder 4. The presence or absence of an abnormal sound is determined by visually observing the sound waveform of the synchronoscope 3, but the sound waveform recorded on the data recorder 4 is FFT.
(Fast Fourier transform device) 5 performs power spectrum analysis to determine the frequency generation situation (power spectrum distribution) of the sound and determine whether or not there is an abnormality.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional abnormality detection device using acoustic analysis,
One person requires a lot of effort to adjust the direction of directing the sound collecting microphone 2 toward the diagnostic part 7 and to determine whether there is an abnormality. Another problem is that the efficiency of abnormality diagnosis is low, as it takes time to collect, accumulate, and compare reference data (power spectrum distribution during normal conditions) for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality.

In order to solve such problems, multiple sound collecting microphones are prepared, each sound collecting microphone 2 is directed to each diagnostic part, and a synchroscope 3 or data collecting device is used to collect data from any location. A monitoring mode can be considered in which the recorders 4 are permanently installed in a centralized manner and the presence or absence of an abnormality is determined for each sound collection microphone 2 in a time-sharing manner. However, in this mode, it takes time to analyze the sound collected from each part and determine whether or not there is an abnormality, and it is disadvantageous in terms of cost.

An object of the present invention is to provide an abnormality detection device using acoustic analysis that advantageously solves the above problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

The abnormality detection device of the present invention includes a sound collecting microphone that regularly shakes its head vertically and horizontally toward a monitoring target, a camera that photographs the monitoring target, and a Fourier transform that performs a power spectrum analysis of the sound waves taken in from the sound collecting microphone. a sound diagnostic means for detecting an abnormality by comparing the analysis value with a reference value; and a monitoring means for notifying when an abnormality is detected and setting the field of view of the camera to the abnormal sound generating section.

[Effect]

A sound collecting microphone scans the monitored object vertically, horizontally, and horizontally and collects sound waves generated by each part of the monitored object. The Fourier transform means analyzes the power spectrum of the collected sound waves, and the sound diagnosis means compares the analyzed value with a reference value to detect an abnormality. Therefore, while scanning the top, bottom, left and right sides of the monitoring target, the power spectrum of the sound waves generated from each part is analyzed, and abnormalities in each part are detected based on the power spectrum analysis.

If the sound diagnosis means detects an abnormality while the microphone is directed toward a certain part of the object to be monitored, the monitoring means notifies the abnormality and sets the field of view of the camera to the part where the abnormality is detected. Therefore, the video signal of the camera is indicative of the abnormal area being monitored.

Since the entire area to be monitored of the object to be monitored is scanned and monitored by driving the microphone vertically and horizontally, abnormality detection over a wide range is automatically performed using one set of the microphone, Fourier transform means, monitoring means, and camera. Therefore, the equipment cost of the abnormality detection device is reduced.

Abnormality detection is automatically performed as described above, and when an abnormality is detected, it is notified and the camera takes a picture of the abnormal area. The abnormal area can be known from a video signal (for example, from a monitor TV). Since the supervisor does not have to compare the power spectrum analysis data with the reference value to determine abnormality by himself/herself, the labor is significantly reduced and the variation in abnormality determination is eliminated.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. In this case, a sonic wave measuring device 8 is installed facing a space where a plurality of equipments 1 to be diagnosed exist.

This sound wave measuring device 8 has a sound collecting microphone 2 and a camera IO for projecting an image in the direction of sound collecting, and furthermore, a two-axis drive controller 16 in an electric control device 19 controls X, X,
It has a two-axis drive mechanism 9 that is driven and biased in the Y direction.

In this embodiment, the sound collecting microphone 2 and the camera 10 are integrated, supported by a two-axis drive chair 9, and directed to the same point in front of them.

During reference value setting and actual monitoring, the two-axis drive controller 16 scans and drives the microphone 2 in the X and Y directions at a predetermined speed, generates X position data and Y position data, and stores the data in the data storage memory 14. The reading ratio l is given as write address data.

The sound generated by each part of the installation is collected by the sound collecting microphone 2, and is converted into a sound wave signal (an electrical signal at a level corresponding to the sound wave intensity:
audio signal). The sound wave signal is converted into digital data (sound wave data) by the A/D converter 12. The sound wave data is given to the fast Fourier transform device E13, and the Fourier transform device W13 analyzes the power spectrum (frequency intensity distribution) of the collected sound wave based on the sound wave data.

The data storage memory 14 stores, as reference values, the analysis data of the Fourier transform device 13 when the microphone 2 is two-dimensionally scanned in the X and Y directions when the equipment 1 is normal. The read/write address data provided by the controller 16 are written in association with the read/write address data. During actual monitoring, reference values corresponding to the X and Y positions to which the microphone 2 is directed are read out from the data storage memory 14 in synchronization with the X and Y scanning of the microphone 2.

The sound diagnosis device 15 compares the current analysis data of the Fourier transform device 13 with the reference value read out from the memory 14,
If the deviation of the current analysis data from the reference value is greater than or equal to the set value, an abnormal signal is generated.

In response to this abnormal signal, the two-axis drive controller 16 stops the X and Y scanning drive of the microphone 2, and
The abnormality indicator light of the alarm device 17 is turned on and the buzzer is activated. Since the camera 10 is supported integrally with the microphone 2 by the mechanism 9, and the directional direction of the microphone 2 and the directional position of the camera 10 are the same, the camera monitor (CRT display) 11 can display a photographed image of the abnormal sound generating part. Become.

The supervisor learns of the occurrence of an abnormality by the sound of the buzzer of the alarm device 17 or the illumination of the abnormality indicator light, and the location of the abnormality from the displayed image of the camera monitor 11.

When the supervisor takes a predetermined action and inputs a start command to the two-axis drive controller 16, the two-axis drive controller starts X and Y scanning drive of the microphone 2 again.

Note that the drive pattern setter 18 is a scanning area input device. When a sonic wave measuring device is installed on the equipment 1 to be monitored for an abnormality, the supervisor operates the operation board of the drive pattern setting device 18 to set the X and Y of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 before setting the reference value. Starting point (0,0) and ending point (0,0) on the scanning drive mechanism
m, n). In response, the two-axis drive controller 16 moves from (0, 0) to (w, n
) starts repeating X, Y scanning. During this scanning, the supervisor visually observes the photographed image on the camera monitor 11 and determines whether it is the starting point (
When the actual scanning start point) is reached, input stop and press X.
Stop the Y scan and then input an instruction to write as the start position. With this input, the two-axis controller 16
The X, Y scanning position (actual scanning start point) of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 at that time is written in the start position register of the memory.

The observer then inputs a start. As a result, the two-axis drive controller starts X, Y scanning drive again from the current X, Y position.

When this scanning starts, the supervisor visually observes the photographed image on the camera monitor 11, and when the image reaches one end in the X direction of the area of the equipment to be diagnosed 1 to be scanned for abnormality monitoring,
Enter stop and press X.

Stop the Y scan and then input an instruction to write as a reverse position in the X direction. With this input, 2-axis controller 1
The X-scan position (actual X-direction scan reversal point) of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 at that time is written in the X-direction reversal position register of the memory 6. The observer then inputs a start. This causes the two-axis drive controller to move from the current X and Y positions to
, starts Y-scan driving. When the X-direction scan of the X and Y scans reaches the start end in the X-direction of the area to be scanned for abnormality monitoring of the equipment 1 to be examined, input Stop and press X.

Input an instruction to stop the Y scan and then write as a reverse position in the X direction. With this input, 2-axis controller 1
The X-scan position (actual X-direction scan reversal point) of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 at that time is written in the X-direction reversal position register of the memory 6. The observer then inputs a start. In this way, for each X-scanning line, the observer determines the end position [(- side reversal point) position and starting end position (other reversal point) of the X-direction scan.
Enter the following information.

When the X and Y scans reach the end point (actual scan end point) of the area of the equipment to be diagnosed 1 that should be scanned for abnormality monitoring, stop is input to stop the X and Y scans, and then the end position is set. Enter writing instructions. When this input is received, the end position register of the memory of the two-axis controller 16 will contain the X, Y scanning position (actual scan end point) of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 at that time.
is written.

In this way, when the actual scan area data for the X and Y scans is input, the X and Y actual scan area data (scanning pattern data) are written in the memory of the two-axis drive controller 16. In this state, if a start instruction is given, 2
The axis drive controller 16 first writes the data of the start position register into the target position register, and then starts the two-axis drive mechanism 9.
When the X and Y scanning positions of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 become equal to the contents of the target position register, constant speed scanning is applied to the motor driver. After that, write the data of the end position register to the target position register, and check whether the X and Y scanning positions of the mechanism 9 are equal to the contents of the oscillation position register. writes the first reversal position data of the X-direction reversal position register to the X-direction target position register, compares the X-scanning position of the mechanism 9 with the data of the X-direction target position register, and when they are equal, instructs the motor driver to perform X-scanning. The second reversal position data is written in the X-direction target position register by instructing the reversal of , and the increment of the Y position.

In this way, when the X, Y scanning position of one mechanism 9 becomes equal to the contents of the target position register while performing X and Y scanning only within the preset setting area in the X direction, the target position register starts. Electric circuit (motor driver) that writes data in the position register and drives the two-axis drive mechanism 9
When the X and Y scanning positions of the two-axis drive mechanism 9 become equal to the contents of the target position register, constant speed scanning is applied to the motor driver. The same applies below. Thereby, the microphone 2 repeatedly scans only the area of the equipment 1 where abnormality detection is required in the X and Y directions.

When the supervisor inputs (instructs) the setting of the reference value, the above-mentioned
X and Y scanning of only the necessary area is started, and collected sound data of only the necessary area (analysis data of the Fourier transform device:
This becomes the reference value) is written into the data storage memory 14 corresponding to the X and Y positions.

After that, when the supervisor inputs (instructs) "monitoring", the above-mentioned X and Y scanning of only the necessary area is repeatedly performed, and the reference values associated with the X and Y positions of the mechanism 9 are stored in the data storage memory. 14, the data collected by the microphone 2 and analyzed by the Fourier transform device is compared with the read reference value.

As described above, the actual scanning area can be set only to the required area of the equipment 1 via the drive pattern setting device 18, so that the mechanical operation for abnormality detection and the information processing operation of the electric control device 19 are kept to the minimum necessary. It has high operational efficiency and can repeat scanning in short periods.

In the embodiment described above, the plane is scanned by sequential scanning in each of the X and Y directions, but in another embodiment of the present invention, the X and Y scans are performed by point scanning. That is, in this embodiment, the scanning pattern setter 18 has X,
Equipped with a Y position operation key or lever. When setting the scanning pattern, the supervisor operates the position operation keys or levers of the drive pattern setting device 18 to manually drive the mechanism 9 in X and Y directions, and visually observes the captured image on the camera monitor 11.

One abnormality monitoring point of the equipment to be diagnosed 1 appears in the center of the screen. Then, input an instruction to register it as a monitoring point. As a result, the X and Y position data of the mechanism 9 at that time is written in the monitoring point register of the two-axis drive controller 16, and the analysis data of the collected sound waves at that time is stored in the data storage memory 14 as a reference value. In association with the X, Y position data (X
, Y data in the same order as the recording order).

The supervisor performs such an operation for each of the required monitoring points of the equipment 1, and when he completes this input for all monitoring points, inputs the end. Corresponding to this end input, end data is written at the end of the above-mentioned X, Y position data in the monitoring point register, and the data storage memory 14
End data is written at the end of the reference value data.

After that, when the supervisor inputs (instructs) "monitor", the two-axis drive controller 16 selects the first X of the monitoring point register,
The Y position data is read and the mechanism 9 is driven to the corresponding position and stopped. In conjunction with this stop, the Fourier transform device 13
analyzes the collected sound waves at the position, the sound diagnostic device 15 reads out the first reference value from the data storage memory 14, and determines whether the data analyzed by the device 13 is abnormal.

When the sound diagnostic device 15 generates normal information, in response, the two-axis drive controller 16 reads the second X, Y position data of the monitoring point register, drives the mechanism 9 to the corresponding position, and stops. let In conjunction with this stop, the Fourier transform device 13 analyzes the collected sound waves at the position, and the sound diagnostic device 1
5 reads out the second reference value from the data storage memory 14 and determines whether the data analyzed by the device 13 is abnormal or not. When the sound cutting device 15 determines that it is normal, it similarly performs positioning to the third X and Y positions. The same applies below. When the read data from the monitoring point register is "end", the two-axis drive controller 16 reads the first X, Y position data of the monitoring point register and sends it to the mechanism 9.
to the position.

In this way, abnormality detection at the positions set as monitoring points by the drive pattern setter 18 is sequentially performed and repeated in the order of position input.

When the sound diagnostic device 15 detects an "abnormality", the two-axis drive controller 16 stops updating the detected position in response to the abnormality information and inputs a reset.

The stop continues until the X, Y drive input or r monitoring input arrives. In response to abnormality information, the alarm bag @17 sounds a buzzer and turns on an abnormality indicator light.

The supervisor recognizes the abnormal position of the equipment 1 from the screen of the camera monitor 11. The area shown in the center of the screen is abnormal.

Note that in both of the above two embodiments, the sound wave shape may change depending on the operating conditions, so the above-mentioned reference value is set (written to the data storage memory 14) for each operating condition to adjust it to the operating conditions. to the reference value (normal data B, B'
, B''...) in the memory 14 and instruct "monitoring", input the operating conditions to the electric control device 19 and read out the reference value group (B, B', B'').
) is preferably specified.

Further, if the data is erroneously determined to be abnormal even though it is normal, it is preferable that the data at that time be additionally stored as normal data or updated as a reference value at the discretion of the supervisor. In the case of additional storage, there are multiple sets of reference values, and when one of the reference values is determined to be normal, the sound diagnostic device 15 generates normal information, and when compared with other reference values, it is determined to be abnormal. No abnormal information is generated even if the

〔effect〕

With the device of the present invention, equipment diagnosis work that conventionally relied on human inspection can be accomplished automatically, and what is more, it is possible to achieve repeated diagnosis in a short period of time, instead of diagnosis that was performed only for a limited time, and maintenance reliability can be achieved. performance is greatly improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an external view showing an outline of a conventional abnormality detection device using acoustic analysis. 1: Equipment to be diagnosed (monitoring target) 2: Sound collecting microphone (sound collecting microphone) 3 Herring scope 4: Data recorder 5: Fourier transform device 6: Earphone 7: Diagnosis part
8: Sound wave measuring device 9: Two-axis drive mechanism
10: Camera (camera) 11: Camera monitor
12: A/D converter 13: Fast Fourier transform device (Fourier transform means) 14: Data storage memory 15: Sound diagnosis device (sound diagnosis means) 16: Two-axis drive controller

Claims (1)

[Claims] An anomaly detection device that detects anomalies in a monitored target by analyzing sound waves generated by the monitored target includes a sound-collecting microphone that regularly shakes its head vertically and horizontally toward the monitored target, a camera that photographs the monitored target, and Fourier transform means for analyzing the power spectrum of the sound waves taken in from the sound microphone; sound diagnostic means for comparing the analyzed value with a reference value and detecting an abnormality; An abnormality detection device using acoustic analysis, characterized in that it has a monitoring means defined in .