JPH0264363A - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the proper feed rate of liquid refrigerant to a rectifying column in order to separate compositions with sufficient rectifying action, by connecting the upper outlet of a gas-liquid separator to a low pressure side pipe of a main cycle through a second pressure reducing device, and providing a reservoir on the lower portion of the rectifying column. CONSTITUTION:As a heater 19 is turned on, and an on-off valve 21 is closed, mainly low boiling point refrigerant is evaporated from the refrigerant in a reservoir 20, and rises through the inside of a rectifying column 16. At this time, the liquid refrigerant sent from the outlet of a condenser 12 enters the second inlet of a gas-liquid separator 15 in gas-liquid mixed phase after its pressure is reduced by a first pressure reducing device 17, and gas-liquid separation takes place. Liquid refrigerant only is fed from the lower outlet to the top of the rectifying column 16 at a proper feed rate, and rectifying action is carried out in the rectifying column 16 with a sufficient gas-liquid contact. In the reservoir 20, high boiling point refrigerant is stored as condensed liquid. The rising gas refrigerant rich with low boiling point refrigerant flows through the first inlet into the gas-liquid separator, and after mixed with the gas-liquid separated refrigerant supplied from the second inlet, the gas refrigerant is introduced to the suction port of a compressor 11 through a second pressure reducing device 18.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a heat pump device that uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and stores a high boiling point refrigerant to vary its composition through composition separation.

Conventional technology Conventionally, a heat pump device uses a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and stores a high boiling point refrigerant through composition separation to vary the composition.
A device as shown in FIG. 3 has been proposed. In FIG. 3, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a condensing type, 3 is a throttle device, and 4 is an evaporator, which are connected by piping to form a main circuit.

5 is a rectification separator filled with filler, and the upper part is a pipe 6
to the condenser 2 outlet, and also to the evaporator 4 via the pressure reducer 7.
Each is connected to the entrance. Further, a reservoir 8 is disposed below the rectification separator 5, the bottom of which is connected to a pressure reducer 7 via an on-off valve 9, and a heater 10 is provided inside the reservoir 8.

A method of enclosing a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in such an apparatus and varying the composition will be described. First, when operating with the composition of the sealed mixed refrigerant unchanged (no separation mode), by turning off the heating heater 10, the reservoir 8
simply stores surplus refrigerant, and when the on-off valve 9 is closed, it is stored as is, and when it is open, it is stored and a part of it only flows out to the evaporator 4 via the pressure reducer 7, so the main circuit is The system will be operated with the composition of the sealed mixed refrigerant rich in high boiling point refrigerant. Next, when storing high boiling point refrigerant and operating with a composition rich in low boiling point refrigerant (separation mode), close the on-off valve 9 and turn on the heating heater 10.
Among the refrigerants inside the reservoir 8, mainly low boiling point refrigerants are vaporized and rise inside the rectification separator 5. At this time, liquid refrigerant is supplied from the outlet of the condenser 2 via the pipe 6, and a rectification action occurs due to gas-liquid contact inside the rectification separator 5, and the rising gas increases the concentration of the low-boiling point refrigerant, causing The concentration of the high boiling point refrigerant in the liquid that descends increases, and the high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 8 in the form of a condensed liquid.

On the other hand, since the rising gas rich in low-boiling point refrigerant flows into the evaporator 4 via the pressure reducer 7, the main circuit can be operated with a composition rich in low-boiling point refrigerant.

This type of compositionally variable heat pump device is
For example, it is applied to water heaters, and during normal use, in order to obtain high-temperature water, it is operated with a high boiling point refrigerant filled with X.
When it is necessary to store hot water in the shortest possible time, it is possible to operate with a rich composition of low boiling point refrigerant with high heating capacity.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the heat pump device as described above, since the rectification separator is directly connected to the high pressure side piping, too much liquid refrigerant is supplied to the rectification separator. There were disadvantages in that sufficient rectification action could not be performed, compositional separation was insufficient, and the composition variation period of the refrigerant in the main circuit could not be made sufficiently large.

The heat pump device of the present invention connects the rectification separator to the main circuit via a pressure reducer and a gas-liquid separator, so that when carrying out rectification separation, liquid refrigerant can be supplied to the rectification separator. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump cycle configuration in which the composition of the refrigerant in the main circuit can be sufficiently varied, and the composition can be separated by sufficient rectification action.

Means for Solving the Problems The heat pump device of the present invention connects the first inlet and the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator to the upper part of the rectification separator, respectively,
The second inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the high-pressure side piping of the main circuit via a first pressure reducer, and the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure side of the main circuit via the second pressure reducer. The apparatus is characterized in that it is connected to piping and a reservoir is provided below the rectification separator.

Further, a first inlet and a lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator are respectively connected to an upper part of the rectification separator, and a second
The inlet is connected between the first pressure reducer and the second pressure reducer which are connected in parallel with the throttling device, and the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low pressure side piping of the main circuit via the third pressure reducer. connection,
The present invention is characterized in that a reservoir is provided below the rectification separator.

Operation According to the above-described structure, in the Nl mode, mainly the low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant inside the reservoir, which is at intermediate pressure, is vaporized by the heater and rises inside the rectification separator. At this time, only the liquid refrigerant separated by the gas-liquid separator is supplied from the outlet of the heat exchanger, which is the high-pressure side piping, and is purified by gas-liquid contact inside the rectification separator. Retention occurs, and the rising gas increases the concentration of low-boiling point refrigerant, while the descending liquid increases the concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant, and the high-boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir in the form of condensate. . On the other hand, the gas rich in low boiling point refrigerant that has risen is led from the upper part of the rectification separator, through the gas-liquid separator, through the pressure reducer, and to the inlet side of the heat exchanger that becomes the evaporator, which is the low-pressure side piping. . In this way, the rectification separator is supplied with only the appropriate amount of liquid refrigerant, which has an increased concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant by being separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the performance of the rectification separator is fully maintained. It is possible to carry out a separation action that takes full advantage of this, and to make it possible to sufficiently change the composition of the refrigerant in the main circuit. Also, when in non-separation mode,
By turning off the heater, the system can be operated with the composition of the enclosed mixed refrigerant unchanged.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention,
11 is a compressor, 12 is a condenser, 13 is a throttle device, and 14 is an evaporator, and these are connected by piping to constitute a main circuit. 15 is a gas-liquid separator, whose first inlet and lower outlet are connected to a rectification separator 16 filled with a filler.
The second inlet of the gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to the condenser 12 and the throttle device 13 via the first pressure reducer 17.
Furthermore, the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator 15 is connected to the low-pressure side pipe between the evaporator 14 and the compressor 11 via the second pressure reducer 18, and the rectification separation Vessel 1
A reservoir 20 containing a heating heater 19 is provided at the bottom of the 8, and this reservoir 20 is connected to an on-off valve 21 and a third pressure reducer 2.
2 to the piping between the throttle device 13 and the evaporator 14.

A method of enclosing a non-component i-fluor mixture refrigerant in such a heat pump device and varying the composition will be described. First, in the non-separation mode, the heating heater 19 is turned off.
, by opening the on-off valve 21, the first pressure reducer 17,
Excess refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 20 via the gas-liquid separator 15 and the rectification separator 16, and a portion only flows out to the evaporator 4 via the on-off valve 21 and the third pressure reducer 22. To become
The main circuit will operate with the composition of the mixed refrigerant containing the high boiling point refrigerant in the enclosed state. Next, in the separation mode, by turning on the heating heater 19 and closing the on-off valve 21, mainly the low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant inside the reservoir 20 is vaporized and rises inside the rectification separator 16. At this time, the liquid refrigerant from the outlet of the condenser 12 is depressurized by the first pressure reducer 17 and enters the gas-liquid two-phase state from the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator 15, where it is separated into gas and liquid, and the liquid refrigerant is released from the lower outlet. Only the refrigerant is supplied in an appropriate amount to the upper part of the rectification bone jff516, and the rectification separator 16
A rectification effect occurs due to sufficient gas-liquid contact inside.The rising gas increases the concentration of low-boiling point refrigerant, and conversely, the descending liquid increases the concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant, and the high-boiling point refrigerant is in the reservoir 20. It will be stored in the form of condensate. On the other hand, the increased gas rich in low boiling point refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 15 from the first inlet, where it is mixed with the gas-liquid separated gas refrigerant supplied from the second inlet, and then passed through the second pressure reducer 18. The air is guided to the suction side of the compressor 11 through the air. In this way, the main circuit can be operated with a mixed refrigerant composition rich in low boiling point refrigerants.

In order to restore the composition of the main circuit to its original state, turn off the heating heater 19 and open the on-off valve 21. It can be forcibly mixed into the mixed refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant flowing through the main circuit, and in a short time the main circuit becomes the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high boiling point refrigerant sealed in the main circuit.

Further, even when the on-off valve 21 and the third pressure reducer 22 are not provided, the high boiling point refrigerant in the reservoir 20 naturally diffuses and mixes with the mixed refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant flowing through the main circuit, and the main circuit is The composition of the sealed refrigerant mixture is rich in high boiling point refrigerants.

Note that it goes without saying that a high-temperature heat source during the heat pump cycle, such as the discharge pipe of the compressor 11, may be used instead of the heater 19. Furthermore, in the present invention, the rectification separator 16 may be used at an intermediate pressure or The first pressure reducer 1
7 to the main circuit, it is possible to effectively utilize an intermediate temperature heat source, such as the sensible heat of the liquid refrigerant at the condenser outlet, when performing rectification separation.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention, where 23 is a compressor, 24 is a four-way valve, 25 is a utilization side heat exchanger, 2θ is a throttle device, and 27 is a heat source side heat exchanger. The main heat pump circuit is constructed by connecting these with piping. 28 is a gas-liquid separator, the first
The inlet and lower outlet are respectively connected to the upper part of the rectification separator 29, and the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator 28 is connected to the throttling device 2.
6 and a first pressure reducer 30 and a second pressure reducer 31 connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator 28 is connected to the low-pressure side pipe between the four-way valve 24 and the suction side of the compressor 23 via the third pressure reducer 32, and the rectification separation Vessel 2
A reservoir 34 containing a heating heater 33 is provided at the bottom of the 9, and this reservoir 34 is connected to an on-off valve 35 and a fourth pressure reducer 3.
It is connected to piping between the expansion device 26 and the heat source side heat exchanger 27 via B.

A method of enclosing a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant in such a heat pump device and varying the composition will be described. First, in the non-separation mode, the heater 33 is turned off.
, by opening the on-off valve 35, during heating operation,
A part of the refrigerant condensed in the user-side heat exchanger 2S is divided into a first pressure reducer 301 connected in parallel with the throttle device 26.
Heat source side heat exchanger 2 that becomes an evaporator via the second pressure reducer 31
At the same time, a part of the refrigerant that exits the first T4 pressure vessel 30 enters the gas-liquid separator 28, and the liquid refrigerant flows from the lower outlet to the rectifying separator 29, the reservoir 34, the on-off valve 35, and the fourth Pressure reducer 3
6 and flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 27 which serves as an evaporator. Further, the gaseous refrigerant is guided from the upper outlet to the suction side of the compressor 23 via the third pressure reducer 32. At this time, the reservoir 34
Surplus refrigerant at intermediate pressure is stored in the refrigerant, but the main circuit operates with the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high-boiling refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant. Similarly, during the cooling operation, a part of the refrigerant condensed in the heat source side heat exchanger 27 is divided and passed through the second pressure reducer 31 and the first pressure reducer 30 connected in parallel with the expansion device 26. While flowing into the user side heat exchanger 25 which becomes an evaporator, some of the refrigerant also flows into the fourth g pressure vessel 36 and the on-off valve 3.
5. Utilization-side heat exchanger 25 that becomes an evaporator via the storage device 34, rectification separator 29, gas-liquid separator 28, and first pressure reducer 30
The surplus refrigerant at intermediate pressure is stored in the reservoir 34, and the main circuit operates with the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high boiling point refrigerant sealed therein.

Next, in the mode with separation during heating operation, heating heater 3
3 is turned ON and the on-off valve 35 is closed, mainly the low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant inside the reservoir 34, which is at an intermediate pressure by the heating heater 33, is vaporized and rises inside the rectification separator 29. At this time, the liquid refrigerant from the outlet of the heat exchanger 25 on the user side is depressurized by the first pressure reducer 30 and enters the gas-liquid two-phase state from the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator 28, where it is separated into gas and liquid and lowered. Only the liquid refrigerant is supplied in an appropriate amount from the outlet to the upper part of the rectification fraction I1g device 29, and a rectification action occurs due to gas-liquid contact inside the rectification separator 29, and the rising gas increases the concentration of the low boiling point refrigerant, and conversely The concentration of the high boiling point refrigerant in the descending liquid increases, and the high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 34 in the form of a condensed liquid. On the other hand, the increased gas refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 28 from the first inlet, where it enters the second inlet.
After being mixed with the gas-liquid separated gas refrigerant supplied from the inlet, it is led to the suction side of the compressor 23 via the third pressure reducer 32. In this way, the main circuit can be operated with a mixed refrigerant composition rich in low boiling point refrigerants.

In addition, even in the separation mode during cooling operation, by turning on the heating heater 33 and closing the on-off valve 35, mainly the low boiling point refrigerant in the refrigerant inside the reservoir 34, which is at an intermediate pressure by the heating heater 33, is vaporized. and rises inside the rectification evaporator 29. At this time, the liquid refrigerant from the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger 27 is depressurized by the second pressure reducer 31 and is in a gas-liquid two-phase state.
It enters from the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator 28, where it is separated into gas and liquid, and only the liquid refrigerant is supplied in an appropriate amount from the lower outlet to the upper part of the rectification separator 29, where it is purified by gas-liquid contact inside the rectification separator 29. Retention action occurs, and the rising gas increases the concentration of low-boiling point refrigerant, and conversely, the descending liquid increases the concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant,
The high boiling point refrigerant is stored in the reservoir 34 in the form of condensate.

The gaseous refrigerant enriched with low-boiling point refrigerant that has risen in the temperature direction enters the gas-liquid separator 28 from the first inlet, where it is mixed with the gas-liquid separated gas refrigerant supplied from the second inlet, and then transferred to the third pressure reducer. 32 to the suction side of the compressor 23. In this way, the main circuit can be operated with a mixed refrigerant composition rich in low boiling point refrigerants.

To restore the composition of the main circuit to its original state, turn the heating heater 33 to 0FFL and open the on-off valve 35. It can be forcibly mixed into the flowing mixed refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant, and in a short time the main circuit becomes the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high boiling point refrigerant sealed in the main circuit.

Further, even when the on-off valve 35 and the fourth pressure reducer 3θ are not provided, the high boiling point refrigerant in the reservoir 34 naturally diffuses and mixes with the mixed refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant flowing through the main circuit, and the main circuit The composition of the sealed refrigerant mixture is rich in high boiling point refrigerants.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above explanation, the heat pump device of the present invention connects the first inlet and the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator to the upper part of the rectification separator, and 2
The inlet is connected to the high-pressure side piping of the main circuit via a first pressure reducer, and the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure side piping of the main circuit via a second pressure reducer. Since the structure is characterized by a reservoir provided at the bottom of the distillation separator, when performing rectification separation, the concentration of high boiling point refrigerant is reduced in the rectification separator by being separated by the gas-liquid separator. Only the appropriate amount of liquid refrigerant with increased temperature is supplied, making it possible to perform a separation action that takes full advantage of the performance of the rectification separator, and making it possible to sufficiently widen the period during which the composition of the refrigerant in the main circuit can be varied. It is something.

In addition, since the rectification separator was connected to the main circuit via the first pressure reducer so that the pressure was intermediate, when performing rectification separation,
A heat source with an intermediate temperature, such as the sensible heat of the liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser, can be used effectively, and the reservoir installed at the bottom of the rectification separator can be connected to the main circuit via an on-off valve. When switching from the mode with minute t to the non-separation mode, the on-off valve is operated to convert the high boiling point refrigerant stored in the reservoir into a mixed refrigerant rich in low boiling point refrigerant flowing through the main circuit. It can be forcibly mixed in, and the composition of the mixed refrigerant rich in high boiling point refrigerant can be restored in a short time to the state in which the main circuit is enclosed.

Further, in the heat pump device of the present invention, the first inlet and the lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator are connected to the upper part of the rectification separator, and the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected in parallel with the throttling device. Further, the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low pressure side piping of the main circuit via a third pressure reducer, and the rectification separator Since the structure is characterized by a reservoir provided at the bottom of the rectifier, when performing rectification separation not only during heating operation but also during cooling operation, the rectification separator is separated by a gas-liquid separator. As a result, only the appropriate amount of liquid refrigerant with an increased concentration of high-boiling point refrigerant is supplied, making it possible to perform a separation action that takes full advantage of the performance of the rectification separator, while changing the composition of the refrigerant in the main circuit. can be made sufficiently large. As a result, during heating operation, if high temperature is required, the system can be operated with a high-boiling refrigerant-rich composition, and when high capacity is required, it can be operated with a low-boiling-point refrigerant-rich composition with high heating capacity. In addition, during cooling operation, when high capacity is required, operation is performed with a composition rich in low boiling point refrigerant with high cooling capacity, and when cooling load is small and capacity needs to be saved, high boiling point refrigerant is used. This has great practical effects, such as being able to operate with a rich encapsulated composition.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a heat pump device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional heat pump device. 11.23... Compressor, 12... Condenser, 13
, 26... throttle device, 14... evaporator, 15.
28... Gas-liquid separator, 16.29... Rectification separator, 24... Four-way valve, 25... User side heat exchanger, 27... Heat source side heat exchanger. Name of agent Patent attorney Shigetaka Kurino One idiot Figure 1// -1/3-- /4-- /6-- /Otsu-- 2 No- Manhaki/Deceitful home shame I 1 Foil roll %, Atokura Toshi SV minute threat base w]k V1 closure

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Construct a main circuit by enclosing a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant and connecting the compressor, condenser, throttle device, and evaporator in order with piping,
A first inlet and a lower outlet of the gas-liquid separator are respectively connected to the upper part of the rectification separator, and a second inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the high-pressure side piping of the main circuit via a first pressure reducer. . A heat pump device further characterized in that an upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to a low-pressure side pipe of a main circuit via a second pressure reducer, and a reservoir is provided at a lower part of the rectification separator. (2) The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the reservoir provided at the lower part of the rectification separator is connected to the main circuit via an on-off valve. (3) Enclose a non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant, connect the compressor, four-way valve, user side heat exchanger, expansion device, and heat source side heat exchanger with piping in order to configure the main heat pump circuit and separate gas and liquid. The first inlet and lower outlet of the vessel are respectively connected to the upper part of a rectification separator, and the second inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the middle of the first pressure reducer and the second pressure reducer connected in parallel with a throttling device. Further, the upper outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the low-pressure side piping of the main circuit via a third pressure reducer, and a reservoir is provided at the lower part of the rectification separator. heat pump equipment. (4) The heat pump device according to claim 2, wherein the reservoir provided at the bottom of the rectification separator is connected to the main circuit via an on-off valve.