JPH02569B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a multi-disc friction clutch used in motorcycles, etc., and more particularly to a multi-disc friction clutch that uses a disc spring to obtain a pressing force against a friction disc. It is.

Prior Art A common type of conventional multi-disc friction clutch is shown in Fig. 1. This multi-plate friction clutch 01 is
A plurality of bosses 06 are provided protruding from one side of the clutch center 05 to which a plurality of clutch plates 04 are engaged, and the bosses 06 are fitted into a plurality of constricted recesses provided in the pressure plate 07. A compression coil spring 09 is fitted into the boss 06 in the recess, and the spring 09 is fixed with a bolt 08. As a result, the pressure plate 07 and the clutch center 05 are urged by the elastic force of the compression coil spring 09, and the clutch disk 0 on the clutch outer 02 side held between them
3 and the clutch plate 04 are strongly pressed.

Problem to be solved In such a structure, compression coil spring 0
9, the axial dimension increases,
Furthermore, since the plurality of compression coil springs 09 are each fixed with bolts 08, assembly is troublesome.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects The present invention relates to an improvement of a multi-disc friction clutch that overcomes the above-mentioned difficulties, by alternately polymerizing a plurality of clutch discs and clutch plates, and forming the clutch disc into a clutch outer. In the multi-plate friction clutch, the clutch plate is engaged with the axial groove of the clutch center which is engaged with the axial groove of the clutch center and which engages with the main shaft. The main shaft includes a spring holding member that abuts the outer surface of the center of the clutch center and is fitted concentrically to the shaft end of the main shaft, and locks the spring holding member so that it cannot fall off from the main shaft. A pressure plate is disposed on the outer side of the clutch center, and the pressure plate is biased toward the outer peripheral flange of the clutch center to close the clutch disk. and an outer peripheral edge of a disc spring that brings the clutch plate into close contact with each other is locked to the jaws of the pressure plate, and an inner peripheral edge of the disc spring is locked to the jaws of the spring holding member. It is.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the outer circumferential edge of the disc spring is engaged with the jaws of the pressure plate, and the inner circumferential edge of the disc spring is engaged with the jaws of the spring holding member. The pressure plate is placed on the outside of the clutch center, and the spring holding member is fitted concentrically to the shaft end and abuts on the outside surface of the center of the clutch center, and the main shaft is By simply screwing the nut integrally onto the shaft end of the clutch disk, the pressure plate is urged to approach the outer peripheral flange of the clutch center by the spring force of the disc spring, and the clutch disk and clutch plate are pressed together. The spring holding member and the pressure plate can be mounted simultaneously in a short period of time while keeping the spring holding member, pressure plate, disc spring, and nut in close contact with each other. Since no force is applied, there is no risk of them being damaged.

Embodiment Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 29 will be described.

The multi-plate friction clutch 1 is connected to the main shaft of the transmission (hereinafter referred to as
(referred to as a main shaft 40). Driven gear 2 of multi-plate friction clutch 1
is rotatably supported on the main shaft 40 and meshes with the drive gear 31 of the crankshaft 30. Then, the clutch outer 3 is integrally connected to the driven gear 2,
A plurality of clutch disks 4 are arranged so as to engage with the axial grooves of the clutch outer 3. This clutch disk 4 is arranged so as to overlap alternately with a plurality of clutch plates 7 which are engaged with and arranged in the outer circumferential grooves of clutch centers 5 and 6 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

On the other hand, unlike the normal type, the clutch center is divided into two clutch centers 5 and 6, and the clutch center 5 located inward, that is, on the driven gear 2 side, is directly connected to the main shaft 40 by a spline. The clutch center 6 located adjacent to the outside is fitted onto a one-way clutch 20 (described later) that transmits driving torque to the main shaft 40 side, and an inner member 25 of this one-way clutch 20 is connected to the main shaft 40 side.
A spline is fitted to the

Then, adjacent to the outside of the one-way clutch 20, the spring holding member 8 on which the washers 10a and 11 are fitted is fitted onto the main shaft 40, and the outer position, that is, the main shaft 40
A lock nut 9 is screwed onto the shaft end of the shaft. The washer 10a is in contact with the outer surface of the inner member 25 of the one-way clutch 20, and at the same time, the outer peripheral edge is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the clutch center 6, and the washer 11 is in contact with the outer surface of the clutch center 6. are in contact with each other. In summary, the assembly of the driven gear 2, the clutch centers 5, 6, and the one-way clutch 20 are connected to the main shaft 20 with the lock nut 9 via the spring holding member 8 and washers 10a, 11.
It is attached to.

Further, a cap 42 is fitted onto the end of a lifter rod 41 which is disposed so as to be displaceable in the axial direction, passing through the inside of the hollow main shaft 40.
The shaft end 42b of the cap 42 is connected to the main shaft 4.
It is embedded in 0. A lifter plate 13 is pivotally supported on the head 42a of the cap 42 via a bearing 43, and a pressure plate 14 is integrally fitted around the outer periphery of the lifter plate 13.

Furthermore, the spring holding member 8 includes a disc spring 1.
2 is fitted onto the outside, and the outer periphery of the disc spring 12 engages with the gap formed between the jaw 14a of the pressure plate 14 and the lifter plate 13. The disc spring 12 biases the pressure plate 14 due to the locking relationship between the jaws 8a of the spring holding member 8 and the jaws 14a of the pressure plate 14,
A predetermined pressing force is applied to the plurality of clutch disks 4 and clutch plates 7.

Next, the one-way clutch 20 will be explained.

The one-way clutch 20 includes a pair of ring-shaped frame members 21, a zigzag-shaped wire frame 22 that holds the members 21 facing each other at a predetermined interval, and is supported by the ring-shaped frame members 21 and the wire frame 22, and is supported by the ring-shaped frame members 21 and the wire frame 22. A large number of roller-shaped connecting pieces 24 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the shaped frame member 21, and a ring-shaped tension member that holds the connecting pieces 24 from the outside and presses them against the wire frame 22 with a relatively small pressure. coil spring 23
and an inner member 25 into which an assembly consisting of the members 21, 22, 23, and 24 is fitted (see FIGS. 3 to 5). The roller-shaped connecting piece 24 has an eccentric cross section, an inner surface 24a in contact with the wire frame 22 is cylindrical, and an outer surface has a protruding surface 24 that is connected to the clutch center 6 under high pressure.
It forms a special curve having a flat surface 24c and a groove 24d having a predetermined depth from the outer surface. The roller-shaped connecting piece 24 is held by the engagement relationship between the groove 24d and the tension coil spring 23 (see FIGS. 4 to 7).

A clutch center 6 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the one-way clutch 20, and when the clutch center 6 rotates in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 4 and 8, the rotational speed of the clutch center 6 matches the main shaft 40. If the rotational speed of the inner member 25 side is higher than the rotational speed of the inner member 25 side, the protruding surface 24b of the roller-shaped connecting piece 24 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the clutch center 6 with strong pressure, and conversely, if the rotational speed of the inner member 25 side is higher The roller-shaped connecting piece 24 is rotated slightly so that the flat surface 24c faces the inner circumferential surface of the clutch center 6, and the connection between the clutch center 6 and the one-way clutch 20 is broken.

The main constituent members of the multi-plate friction clutch 1 will be explained below.

9 to 16, clutch center 5
shows the structure of Boss part 5a of clutch center 5
A plurality of grooves 5b for oil passages oriented in the radial direction are formed on one side. Further, a pair of oil passage through holes 5d are formed penetrating to the other side at positions sandwiching a plurality of radial ribs 5c provided on the same side. Then, the two clutch plates 7 on the inner side in the axial direction of the main shaft
The ring-shaped engagement piece 5e, in which a large number of grooves 5f are formed, is formed with through-holes 5g and 5h for oil passage passing through the bottom of the groove. They are provided at positions corresponding to the pair of through holes 5d, spaced apart by 120° in the circumferential direction. The clutch center 5 is formed with an outer peripheral flange portion 5i which presses the clutch disk 4 and the clutch plate 7 against each other by receiving a pressing force from the pressure plate 14.

Further, the structure of the inner member 25 of the one-way clutch 20 is shown in FIGS. 17 to 19. One side of the inner member 25, that is, the washer 1
Four grooves 25a for oil passages oriented in the radial direction are formed between the grooves 25a and 0a.

20 to 22 show the structure of the clutch center 6. On one side of the clutch center 6, that is, the surface that contacts the washer 10b, four grooves 6a for oil passages oriented in the radial direction are formed. The ring-shaped engagement piece 6b, which is formed with a large number of grooves 6c that engage with the three clutch plates 7 on the outside in the axial direction of the main shaft, has an oil passage through-hole 6d that passes through the bottom of the groove. 6e and 6f are formed at 120° intervals in the circumferential direction.

23 and 24 show the structure of the spring holding member 8. As shown in FIG. An oil passage through hole 8b is formed in the ring-shaped peripheral wall of the spring holding member 8 in the circumferential direction.
They are formed at 120° intervals.

The structure of the pressure plate 14 is shown in FIGS. 25 and 26. Pressure plate 14
A large number of teeth 14c that loosely engage with a large number of grooves 6c in the clutch center 6 are formed on the inner periphery of the outer peripheral edge pressing wall 14b. Furthermore, an oil passage through hole 14d that penetrates from the inner peripheral surface to the outer piece is provided at the position of the jaw 14a that engages with the outer peripheral edge of the disc spring 12.

27 to 29 show the lifter plate 13 fitted inside the pressure plate 14, and one side thereof has a plurality of reinforcing ribs 13.
b is formed, and a bearing 43 is fitted into the boss portion 13a.

Next, the operation of the multi-plate friction clutch 1 will be explained. The clutch 1 is connected and disconnected by a lifter rod 41. That is, when the lifter rod 41 is displaced by a pressing operation at one end (the left end in FIG. 2) of the lifter rod 41, the lifter plate 13 and the plate integrally connected thereto are moved through the cap 42 and the bearing 43. The shear plate 14 moves outward against the elastic force of the disc spring 12, and is held under strong pressure between the pressing wall 14b of the pressure plate 14 and the outer peripheral flange 5i of the clutch center 5. clutch disk 4 and clutch plate 7
is depressurized and the clutch becomes disengaged. When the lifter rod 41 is displaced in the opposite direction, the pressure plate 14 moves inward due to the elastic restoring force of the disc spring 12, and the clutch center 5
, the plurality of clutch disks 4 and clutch plates 7 are strongly pressed, and the clutch is brought into a connected state.

Therefore, when the engine is running, the rotation of the crankshaft 30 is transmitted from the drive gear 31 to the driven gear 2 of the multi-disc friction clutch 1, and the clutch outer 3 is integrally connected to the driven gear 2.
rotates. When the multi-plate friction clutch 1 is in the connected state, dynamic fluid transmission is performed to the clutch plate 7 that is frictionally engaged with the clutch disk 4 that engages with the plurality of grooves of the clutch outer 3, and the clutch centers 5, 6 and the clutch plate 7 are engaged with each other. The shear plate 14 and lifter plate 13 rotate integrally. In this state, the roller-shaped connecting piece 24 of the one-way clutch 20 is
Strong pressure is applied between the clutch center 6 and the inner member 25, and the one-way clutch 20 is in the connected state (see FIGS. 4 and 8), and the rotational force of the clutch center 6 is equal to the rotational force of the clutch center 5. The power is also transmitted to the main shaft 40, and the rear wheels are driven to rotate through a large number of gear trains, drive chains, etc. in the transmission. During this time, lubricating oil is being discharged from the oil discharge port 50 in the transmission, and this oil is supplied into the main shaft 40 and is discharged to the gears on the main shaft through the plurality of holes 40a. It is also supplied to the multi-plate friction clutch 1. The first oil supply path to the multi-plate friction clutch 1 passes through the bearing part of the driven gear 2 from the opening 40a, and the concave groove 5b of the clutch center 5.
This is a path through which the clutch plate 7 and the clutch disk 4 are supplied through the through holes 5d, 5g, and 5h (see FIG. 3). The second oil supply passage includes a through hole 42c of the cap 42 fitted into the shaft end of the main shaft 40, a through hole 8b of the spring holding member 8, and a groove 2 of the inner member 25.
5a and the side of the washer 10a to the one-way clutch 20, and is further supplied to the one-way clutch 20 through the concave groove 6a of the clutch center 6 and the washer 10b.
The clutch plate 7 and the clutch disk 5 are connected through a passage defined by the side surface and the through holes 5g and 5h.
This is the route supplied to the The third oil supply passage is connected to the through hole 42c of the cap 42 and the disc spring 12.
and the lifter plate 13, a through hole 14d of the pressure plate 14,
Through the through holes 6d, 6e, 6f of the clutch center 6, the clutch plate 7 and the clutch disk 4
This is the route supplied by . In this way, lubricating oil is guided through the grooves, through holes, etc. formed in each component of the multi-plate friction clutch 1, and the interior of the clutch 1 is effectively lubricated. In particular, the one-way clutch 20 and the clutch center 6 are held via the washers 10a and 11, and the spring holding member 8, which holds the pressure plate 14 via the disc spring 12, and the washer 10a are used. Since the directional clutch 20 is supplied with lubricating oil, the one-way clutch 20 can also be sufficiently lubricated.

By the way, since motorcycles have a large reduction ratio, a large engine braking force can be obtained when the vehicle is decelerating or coming to a stop.
Conversely, torque due to the rotational inertia of the rear wheels is transmitted to the engine, causing the engine to overspeed. Generally, in order to prevent this overspeed and improve the durability of the engine, an intermediate shaft is provided between the crankshaft and the clutch, and a one-way slip clutch is attached to the intermediate shaft. Part of the torque transmitted from the wheel side is released.

In this embodiment, the intermediate shaft is omitted and the one-way clutch 20 is built into the multi-disc friction clutch 1 as described above, and the operation of the multi-disc friction clutch 1 or the one-way clutch 20 during deceleration traveling is explained below. I will explain about it.

During deceleration driving, so-called engine braking is occurring, and the rotational speed on the main shaft 40 side is higher than that on the clutch outer 3 side due to the rotational inertia of the rear wheels, so the clutch center 6 side is
The one-way clutch 20 is in a state of relative rotation in the direction opposite to the arrow in FIGS. 4 and 8, and the roller-shaped connecting piece 24 rotates slightly so that the flat surface 24c faces the inner circumferential surface of the clutch center 6. Therefore, the one-way clutch 20 is in a disengaged state, and no torque is transmitted to the clutch center 6 on the rear wheel side. Therefore, the torque on the rear wheel side is applied to the clutch via the clutch center 5, the two clutch plates 7 that engage with the clutch center 5, and the three clutch discs 4 that frictionally engage with the clutch plates 7. Although the torque is transmitted to the outer 3 side, slipping occurs because the number of engaged clutch plates 7 and clutch discs 4 that contribute to torque transmission is small. In short, the torque from the rear wheel that exceeds the frictional force obtained by the frictional engagement is released in the multi-disc friction clutch 1.
As a result, the engine braking force does not become larger than necessary, and overspeeding of the engine is effectively prevented.

Characteristic points of this embodiment will be listed below.

In order to arrange the disc spring 12 outside the clutch centers 5, 6 and the one-way clutch 20 and inside the pressure plate 14,
The spring holding member 8 is inserted into the shaft end of the main shaft 40, and the lock nut 9 is inserted from the outside.
The clutch centers 5, 6 and one-way clutch 20 can be fitted and the disc spring 12 fixed with a single lock nut, making installation extremely easy. , which can contribute to reducing man-hours.

By using the disc spring 12, compared to using a conventional compression coil spring,
The axial dimension of the multi-plate friction clutch 1 is reduced,
Moreover, the internal space is free, and it becomes possible to arrange the one-way clutch 20. Also,
Conventionally, multiple compression coil springs were used and a boss (06 in Figure 1) was used to install the compression coil springs, which resulted in a large number of parts and increased weight. However, in this embodiment, only a single disc spring 12 is disposed using a simple mounting mechanism, so the number of parts is small and it is lightweight.

One-way clutch 20 inside multi-plate friction clutch 1
Because of the built-in engine, it becomes possible to omit the intermediate shaft that was conventionally provided between the crankshaft and the multi-plate friction clutch, contributing to the reduction in size and weight of the engine.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a known multi-disc friction clutch, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts of a power unit for a motorcycle equipped with a multi-disc friction clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of the multi-plate friction clutch, FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway explanatory view of the one-way clutch built in the multi-disc friction clutch, and FIG. 5 is a view taken along the - line in FIG. Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the roller-shaped connecting piece in the same direction clutch, and Figure 7
The figures are a cross-sectional view taken along the - line in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation pattern of the same-direction clutch, Fig. 9 is a side view of one clutch center in the multi-disc friction clutch, and Fig. 10 is a side view of one clutch center in the multi-disc friction clutch. Figure, Figure 11, Figure 12
The figure is the - line in Figure 9, XI-XI
13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XII-XII, FIG.
17 is a side view of the inner member in the one-way clutch, FIGS. 18 and 19 are sectional views taken along lines - and -, respectively, in FIG. 17, FIG. 20 is a side view of the other clutch center in the multi-plate friction clutch, and FIGS. 21 and 22 are respectively the - line and - line in FIG.
23 is a side view of the spring set member in the same multi-plate friction clutch, FIG. 24 is a - line cut view in FIG. 23, and FIG. 25 is a side view of the spring set member in the same multi-plate friction clutch. 26 is a side view of the lifter plate in the same multi-plate friction clutch, FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 25, and FIG.
FIGS. 28 and 29 are cross-sectional views taken along the - line and - line in FIG. 27, respectively. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Multi-plate friction clutch, 2... Driven gear, 3... Clutch outer, 4... Clutch disk, 5... Clutch center, 5a... Boss portion, 5b... Concave groove, 5c... Rib, 5d... ...Through hole, 5e...Engagement piece, 5f...Groove, 5g, 5h...
...through hole, 6...clutch center, 6a...concave groove, 6b...engaging piece, 6c...groove, 6d, 6f,
6e...Through hole, 7...Clutch plate, 8...
...Spring holding member, 8a...Jaw, 8b...Through hole, 9...Lock nut, 10a, 10b...
Washer, 11... Washer, 12... Belleville spring, 13... Lifter plate, 13a... Boss portion, 13b... Rib, 14... Pressure plate, 14a... Jaw, 14b... Pressing wall, 14c
... Teeth, 14d ... Through hole, 20 ... One-way clutch, 21 ... Ring-shaped frame member, 22 ... Wire frame, 23 ... Tension coil spring, 24 ...
Roller-shaped connecting piece, 24a...Inner surface, 24b...Protruding surface, 24e...Flat surface, 24d...Groove, 25...
...Inner member, 25a...Concave groove, 30...Crankshaft, 31...Drive gear, 40...
Main shaft, 40a...Opening hole, 41...Lifter rod, 42...Cap, 42a...Head, 42b...Shaft cylinder portion, 42c...Through hole, 43
... Bearing, 50 ... Oil discharge port.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of clutch disks and clutch plates are alternately superposed, and the clutch disks are engaged with the axial grooves of the clutch outer, and the clutch plates are engaged with the axial grooves of the clutch center that meshes with the main shaft. In the multi-disc friction clutch, the center portion of the clutch center is fitted onto the main shaft, and the rotating body-shaped spring holding member is in contact with the outer surface of the center portion of the clutch center and is fitted concentrically with the shaft end of the main shaft. A nut that locks the spring retaining member so that it cannot fall off from the main shaft is integrally screwed onto the shaft end of the main shaft, a pressure plate is disposed on the outside of the clutch center, and a pressure plate is disposed on the outer side of the clutch center. The outer periphery of a disc spring that urges the plate to approach the outer periphery of the clutch center and brings the clutch disk and clutch plate into close contact is locked to the jaws of the pressure plate, and the disc spring A multi-plate friction clutch, wherein an inner peripheral edge of the clutch is engaged with a jaw of the spring holding member.