CN2051313U

CN2051313U - Controllable clutching device of vehicle transmission

Info

Publication number: CN2051313U
Application number: CN 89207346
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾荣德
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-05-26
Filing date: 1989-05-26
Publication date: 1990-01-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to a controllable clutching device of a vehicle transmission. A forward roller clutch and a reverse ratchet pawl clutch are arranged between a driving semi-axle and a wheel of a vehicle, the meshing and separation of a reverse ratchet pawl is controlled by a group of rotating shafts with convex blocks and a sliding bush, and the sliding bush stops the meshing of the ratchet pawl automatically by the speed difference of the driving semi-axle generated by means of the sudden slowdown of an engine. With the advantages of safety and notable energy saving, the forward sliding of the vehicle can continue. The device can control forward sliding, terminate sliding and terminate clutching.

Description

Controllable clutching device of vehicle transmission

A kind of vehicle drive system that is used for is installed between transmission shaft and the wheel, can realize the controllable device of transmission shaft and wheel overdrive clutch.

In order to solve the problem that when vehicle relies on the inertia operation driving component and wheel are separated from and reach minimizing component wear and realization fuel-economizing, occur some both at home and abroad and be used for the engaging and disengaging gear that vehicle slides, there are some shortcomings in prior art: the one, work as high vehicle speeds, wheel enters when surmounting the sliding of transmission system, and the hand braking brake of vehicle is promptly inoperative.This moment, braking was broken down as service brake, can't utilize engine drag to slow down and hand braking auxiliary brake, will make vehicle be in dangerous runaway condition; The 2nd, existing device adopts two-way ratchet and pawl arrangement mostly, the volume overlength, and external frame is given prominence to surface of tyre, brings unsafe factor to use; The 3rd, requirement vehicle speed per hour reaches more than 35 kilometers and just works, thereby is not suitable for the vehicle of low speed driving in the city; The 4th, be not easy to installation and maintenance.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of system of vehicle transmission engaging and disengaging gear that improves structure, overcomes above-mentioned shortcoming, and driver's equal energy safety control vehicle slides and on-slip when various speed.

Be the technological scheme that realizes that this purpose adopts, be between jack shaft of vehicle and wheel, one group of roller clutch to be installed to realize the forward transmission, one group of click clutch is realized reversing drive, one group of engagement and disengagement of being controlled reverse ratchet by the rotating shaft of band projection and Effector that sliding sleeve is formed.When needing forward to slide, motor is slowed down suddenly, utilization is equipped with the pawl seat that the effect of this device and speed difference of two jack shafts of being unkitted this device and semiaxis differential gear train produces and is reversed fast, the shell rotating speed surmounts endosome, making the bonnet that is connected in shell drive rotating shaft rotates, the projection of rotating shaft promotes sliding sleeve and stops ratchet to enter engagement, stops reversing drive and forward is slided continued.When need stopping sliding, make motor and wheel reduce throttle again with speed earlier, this moment, wheel and transmission shaft produced relative rotation, and rotating shaft resets, and sliding sleeve is return, ratchet release and recover two-way transmission agency.

This device is applicable to the various vehicles and the various speed of a motor vehicle, and regulating and controlling is convenient, can save energy about 20%; Compact structure, length do not exceed the surface of tyre of various vehicle, the safety coefficient height; Adopt the composite assembly structure, easy for assembly, disassembly and maintenance; When special requirement, can realize stopping fully clutch.

This specification has the following drawings.

Fig. 1 is the assembling schematic representation of complete section.

Fig. 2 is the 2-2 section of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the 3-3 section of Fig. 1.

The same Fig. 3 of Fig. 4 to Fig. 6 shows that ratchet is in diverse location.

Fig. 7 to Figure 18 is the structure shape or the assembly relation of major part.Wherein Figure 13 analyses and observe for the 13-13 of Figure 12.

Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The system of vehicle transmission controllable clutch device is by housing parts (containing valve jacket 1, pawl base 2, flange 11, lining 9 etc.), interior body portion (containing ratchet base 5, roller seat 19 etc.), actuating element (containing bonnet 30, sliding sleeve 33, rotating shaft 40 etc.) and other links (ratchet 32, collar 8 etc.) are formed and are seen and it is characterized in that Fig. 1:

Be connected with collar 8, snap ring 7, fixture block 26, screw 27 between a, valve jacket 1 and the flange 11; Flange 11 usefulness bolt groups 14 are connected with wheel 15, are connected on original back axle 12 of vehicle and the link thereof by bearing 16, oil sealing 13; Lining 9 is housed in the hole of flange 11; In the big stomidium of valve jacket 1 pawl base 2 is housed, pin 28 is housed on its mating face, connect as one with screw 45 and bonnet 30; Portion within it links together with the roller seat 19 of valve jacket 1 pairing with the ratchet base 5 usefulness double-screw bolts 23 of pawl base 2 pairings, and both are connected on the original transmission shaft 20 of vehicle with spline; Be connected with the lining 17 of band oil baffle on the small end cylindrical of roller seat 19 with flat key 21, bearing 10, oil sealing 18, oil baffle 22 are arranged between lining 17 and the lining 9; Between teeth groove seat 5 and lining 36, bearing 38 is arranged, oil baffle 37; Lining 36 is enclosed within on the pillow block 87 of bonnet 30 (referring to Figure 15), and connects with round pin 35; In the teeth groove 46 of roller seat 19 and end face circular hole 51 four groups of rollers 6 and torsion spring 47 are housed respectively, every group of torsion spring formed (referring to Fig. 7) by two torsion springs 47 in the end face groove 49 that is contained in torsion spring post 48; Step hole 52 is arranged in the circular hole 51, axial groove 53(is arranged in the step hole 52 referring to Figure 12, Figure 13), the straight pin 50 that install at torsion spring post 48 middle parts inserts in the axial groove 53; Under torsion spring 47 effects, roller 6 has the trend that outwards moves in the arc groove 54; In the pawl groove 55 of pawl base 2 ratchet 32 is housed and sees Fig. 3, the effect that ratchet 32 is subjected to being contained in the torsion spring 3 on the torsion axis 4 has the trend of inside rotation; One side of ratchet 32 is subjected to being contained in the thrust of the top cover 25 that is subjected to spring 24 effects in the valve jacket 1, and opposite side is spacing by positioning screwn 29; O RunddichtringO 31 is housed on the cylndrical surface of positioning screwn 29; Two groups of rotating shafts 40 are contained in end-face hole 95 and 95 ' interior (referring to Figure 14) of ratchet base 5 respectively, and circle cover 41 is housed on its axle journal 57, positioning ring 58, decide spring coil 44, back-up ring 42 is seen Fig. 9, and with circlip spacing (among the figure picture); At positioning ring 58 with decide to be equipped with on the axle journal 57 between the spring coil 44 forward torsion spring 39 and reverse torsion spring 43, oppositely an end of torsion spring 43 inserts and decides in the end-face hole of spring coil 44, and the other end can be swung in the arc groove 59 of positioning ring 58; The two ends of forward torsion spring 39 are inserted in positioning ring 58 respectively and decide in the end-face hole of spring coil 44 groove 60 is arranged in the hole of positioning ring 58, and the pin 61 that passes axle journal 57 is contained in the groove 60; Deciding has pin 62 on the cylndrical surface of spring coil 44, is contained in the pin-and-hole (see figure 1) in the end-face hole 56 of pawl base 2; Rotating shaft 40(sees Figure 16) outer end arc bump 63 is contained in the dead slot 67 of annulus 66 at bonnet 30 middle parts (referring to Figure 15), its trapezoidal convex surface 65 is seen Figure 17 with sliding sleeve 33() trapezoidal groove 68 on the end face matches.

The valve jacket 1 of b, described housing parts is seen Figure 10 for the cylindrical hollow part, and double wedge 70, the groove 71 of five equilibrium arranged on its cylindrical end face, and the screw 72 of cartridge screw 45 is arranged on groove 71 end faces; The curve bath 73 that holds roller 6 is arranged on its endoporus side face, and the quantity of arc groove 73 is 4 multiple; The circular hole 74 that dress pin 28 is arranged on the hole end surface in it; The groove 76 that holds snap ring 7 is arranged on the double wedge 75 of its afterbody five equilibrium, and double wedge 75 is consistent with groove (not drawing on the figure) size of lining 11 end faces;

The pawl base 2 of c, described housing parts is seen Figure 11 for the cylindrical hollow part, its cylindrical one end has double wedge 77, groove 78, size is consistent with the double wedge groove of valve jacket 1, bonnet 30 respectively, and the thickness of described double wedge, groove equals valve jacket 1 and bonnet 30 corresponding double wedges, groove thickness sum; The circular hole 79 that passes bolt 45 is arranged on the double wedge 77; Four groups of pawl slots 55 are arranged on the endoporus circumference of pawl base 2, torsion spring hole 56, its spacing is arranged by the quartering or six five equilibriums; The groove 80 and 81 that dress O RunddichtringO is arranged on its end face and excircle;

The roller seat 19 of d, described interior body portion is seen Figure 12, Figure 13, the splined hole (figure on do not draw) of its center for matching with transmission shaft 20, on its excircle by the groove of forming by arc groove 46 and 54 of four assembling rollers 6, there is the circular hole 51 of dress torsion spring 47 position parallel with described groove, the middle part in hole 51 has the step hole 52 that cooperates with torsion spring post 48 to see Figure 13, axial groove 53 is arranged on the hole 52, can hold the pin 50 that is contained on the torsion spring post 48; Have on the both sides end face in hole 51 and hold the recess 90 that torsion spring 47 stretches out steel wire;

The ratchet base 5 of e, described interior body portion is seen Figure 14 for cylindrical component, and its center is the splined hole (drawing on the figure) that cooperates with transmission shaft 20, and the teeth groove 93 that holds ratchet 32 is arranged on its excircle, and the quantity of teeth groove can be 4 or 6 or 8; There is the

step

97 and 98 that dwindles its both sides, and the size of step 97 is consistent with the internal diameter of the thin ring 69 of sliding sleeve 33; On step surface, have two end-

face holes

95 and 95 that hold rotating shaft 40 ', respectively with dome ring 94 on semicircle orifice 96 and 96 ' link to each other;

The bonnet 30 of f, described actuating element is that the disc part is seen Figure 15, and its cylindrical end face has double wedge 82 and groove 83, and the through hole 84 of cartridge screw 45 is arranged on the double wedge 82; Wherein end surface has annulus 66, and two position symmetries are arranged on the annulus 66, holds the breach 67 of rotating shaft 40, and the hole 86 that sets a bolt 29 is arranged on the anchor ring; There are pillow block 87 that cooperates with lining 36 and the hole 88 that cooperates with pin 35 in its center;

The rotating shaft 40 of g, described actuating element is that the cam-like part is seen Figure 16, its axle journal 57 front ends have the groove 89 of shooting property back-up ring (standard piece), and there is the hole of dress pin 61 and 62 at the middle part, and projection 63 is arranged on the terminal cylinder, the end face of projection 63 is the cambered surfaces 64 of falling suddenly, and there is trapezoidal convex surface 65 inboard;

The sliding sleeve 33 of h, described actuating element is that ring-shape accessory is seen Figure 17, has on its end face and the trapezoidal convex surface 65 corresponding to trapezoidal grooves 68 of rotating shaft 40 and the semicircle orifice 85 of dress circle cover 41, and the other end has thin ring 69, the inside and outside chamfering of thin ring;

The ratchet 32 of i, described attachment portion is ancient knife-shaped ancient coin shape and sees Fig. 8, on its bottom surface fluted 92 and projection 91;

The collar 8 of j, described attachment portion is made up of two semicircular ring and is seen Figure 18, and an end is formed hinge by lug 99, groove 100, rivet 101 and connected, and the other end has voussoir 102, gap 103, with fixture block 26 lockings; Fixture block 26 has wedge groove 104 that holds voussoir 102 and the projection 105 that can stretch into gap 103, and the through hole 106 that can pass screw 27 is arranged in the middle of the projection 105.

Now narrate its working principle and operation.

The system of vehicle transmission controllable clutch device is contained on the wheel hub of a driving wheel of vehicle (being generally trailing wheel).

Forward transmission: Fig. 2 represents that the forward transmission is the state of vehicle roller clutch when advancing.Roller 6 enters the working position under torsion spring 47 effects, the rotation of transmission shaft 20 is passed to wheel 14 through roller seat 19, roller 6, valve jacket 1, flange 11.The rachet clutch of oppositely installing this moment breaks away from engagement, and is inoperative.

Reversing drive: Fig. 3 represents that reversing drive is the state of vehicle rachet clutch when falling back.Ratchet 32 enters the working position at the teeth groove 93 that the effect of torsion spring 3 falls into ratchet base 5, and the backward rotation of transmission shaft 20 is passed to wheel 14 through ratchet base 5, ratchet 32, pawl base 2, valve jacket 1, flange 11, and the roller clutch that this moment, forward was installed is inoperative.

Forward slides: when the roller clutch forward is worked, the bottom convex surface 91 of ratchet 32 is lifted by the cylindrical of ratchet base 5 and enters pawl slot 55 as Fig. 6, when the driver suddenly subtracts throttle, motor is slowed down suddenly, this moment, two driving wheels were still made the forward rapid movement under effect of inertia, but engine retard makes the transmission shaft rotating speed slack-off, the wheel that described engaging and disengaging gear is not installed rotates with speed with jack shaft, thereby and be equipped with between the wheel shaft of engaging and disengaging gear and have movement clearance, jackshaft drives ratchet base 5 and makes relative backward rotation with pawl base 2 like this, more owing in the middle of two jackshafts differential gear is arranged, accelerated to be equipped with the jackshaft counterrotating of transmission clutch, thereby drive ratchet base 5 and do reversing motion rapidly together, the speed of related movement that causes ratchet base 5 and ratchet 32 tops is greater than ratchet 32 inside speed of rotating under torsion spring 3 effects, make ratchet 32 have little time to enter ratchet slot 93, because the rotating speed of housing parts surmounts interior body portion, thereby bonnet 30 drives rotating shaft 40 rotations, the trapezoidal convex surface 65 of rotating shaft 40 skids off in the trapezoidal groove 68 of sliding sleeve 33, the pressure that promotion sliding sleeve 33 overcomes spring 34 moves axially, the thin ring 69 of sliding sleeve 33 enters the step 97 of ratchet base 5 as Fig. 4, ratchet 32 can not be fallen in the teeth groove 93, the transmission system of the wheel of high speed rotating and idling work is thrown off at this moment, can't reversing drive.

Stop in sliding sliding: the driver makes motor accelerate to transmission system and wheel is fast together, slowly reduce throttle then, make and produce a relative movement slowly between wheel and the transmission shaft, the projection 63 of rotating shaft at this moment 40 enters under the effect of forward torsion spring 39 in the breach 67 of bonnet 30 and resets, projection 63 falls in the trapezoidal groove 68 of sliding sleeve 33 simultaneously, sliding sleeve 33 withdraws from ratchet base 5 under the effect of spring 34, ratchet 32 is discharged, the speed of ratchet 32 inside rotation under the effect of torsion spring 3 at this moment is greater than the speed of related movement of ratchet 32 tops to ratchet base 5, ratchet 32 successfully falls into the teeth groove 93 of ratchet base 5, recover two-way transmission agency, stop to slide.

Stop clutch fully: in motion because special requirement or sliding sleeve 33 are not answered the position under abnormal conditions, in the time of need stopping to slide work fully, the holding down bolt 29 that is installed on the bonnet 30 inwardly can be rotated, the top power that makes ratchet 32 overcome top cover 25 moves inward, at this moment the projection 91 of ratchet 32 bottoms falls in the space of step 98 of ratchet base 5 inboards and sees Fig. 5, ratchet 32 can not be lifted, and meshes all the time with ratchet slot 93, keeps two-way drive state.

Claims

1, a kind of system of vehicle transmission controllable clutch device, by housing parts (containing valve jacket 1, pawl base 2, flange 11, lining 9 etc.), interior body portion (containing ratchet base 5, roller seat 19 etc.), actuating element (containing bonnet 30, sliding sleeve 33, rotating shaft 40 etc.) and other links are formed, and it is characterized in that:

Be connected with collar 8, snap ring 7, fixture block 26, screw 27 between a, valve jacket 1 and the flange 11; Flange 11 usefulness bolt groups 14 are connected with wheel 15, are connected on the original back axle 12 of vehicle by bearing 16, oil sealing 13; Lining 9 is housed in the hole of flange 11; In the big stomidium of valve jacket 1 pawl base 2 is housed, pin 28 is housed on its mating face, connect as one with screw 45 and bonnet 30; Portion within it links together with the roller seat 19 of valve jacket 1 pairing with the ratchet base 5 usefulness double-screw bolts 23 of pawl base 2 pairings, and both are connected in the original transmission shaft 20 of vehicle with spline; Be connected with the lining 17 of band baffle plate on the small end cylindrical of roller seat 19 with flat key 21, between lining 17 and lining 9, bearing 10 arranged, oil sealing 18, oil baffle 22; Bearing 38, oil baffle 37 are arranged between teeth groove seat 5 and lining 36, and lining 36 is enclosed within on the pillow block 87 of bonnet 30, and connects with round pin 35; In the teeth groove 46 of roller seat 19 and end face circular hole 51, four groups of rollers 6 and torsion spring 47 are housed respectively; Every group of torsion spring is made up of two torsion springs 47 in the end face groove 49 that is contained in torsion spring post 48; Step hole 52 is arranged in the circular hole 51, axial groove 53 is arranged in the step hole 52, the straight pin 50 that install at torsion spring post 48 middle parts inserts in the axial groove 53; Under torsion spring 47 effects, roller 6 has the trend that outwards moves in the arc groove 54; In the arc groove 55 of pawl base 2 ratchet 32 is housed, the effect that ratchet 32 is subjected to being contained in the torsion spring 3 on the torsion axis 4 has the trend of inside rotation; One side of ratchet 32 is subjected to being contained in the thrust of the top cover 25 that is subjected to spring 24 effects in the valve jacket 1, and opposite side is spacing by positioning screwn 29; O RunddichtringO 31 is housed on the cylndrical surface of positioning screwn 29; Rotating shaft 40 is contained in the end-face hole 95 of ratchet base 5, and circle cover 41, positioning ring 58 are housed on its axle journal 57, decide spring coil 44, back-up ring 42, and spacing with circlip; At positioning ring 58 with decide on the axle journal 57 between the spring coil 44, forward torsion spring 39 and reverse torsion spring 43 are housed, oppositely an end of torsion spring 43 inserts and decides in the end-face hole of spring coil 44, and the other end can be swung in the arc groove 59 of positioning ring 58; The two ends of forward torsion spring 39 are inserted in positioning ring 58 respectively and decide in the end-face hole of spring coil 44; Groove 60 is arranged in the hole of positioning ring 58, and the pin 61 that passes axle journal 57 is contained in the groove 60; Deciding has pin 62 on the cylndrical surface of spring coil 44, is contained in the pin-and-hole in the end-face hole 56 of pawl base 2; Rotating shaft 40 outer end arc bumps 63 are contained in the dead slot 67 of bonnet 30 middle part annulus 66, and its trapezoidal convex surface 65 matches with trapezoidal groove 68 on sliding sleeve 33 end faces;

The valve jacket 1 of b, described housing parts is the cylindrical hollow part, and the double wedge 70 and the groove 71 of five equilibrium arranged on its cylindrical end face; Screw 72 is arranged on the end face of groove 71, the curve bath 73 that holds roller 6 is arranged on its endoporus side face, the circular hole 74 of dress pin 28 is arranged on the interior hole end surface; The groove 76 of the ring 7 that is installed is arranged on the double wedge 75 of its afterbody five equilibrium, and double wedge 45 is consistent with the groove size of lining 11 end faces;

The pawl base 2 of c, described housing parts is the cylindrical hollow part, its cylindrical one end has double wedge 77 and groove 78, size is consistent with the double wedge groove of valve jacket 1, bonnet 30 respectively, and its tooth, groove degree of getting sun equal valve jacket 1 and bonnet 30 corresponding teeth, slot thickness sum; The circular hole 79 that cartridge screw 45 is arranged on the double wedge 77; Four groups of pawl slots 55 are arranged on the endoporus circumference of pawl base 2, torsion spring hole 56, its spacing is arranged by the quartering or six five equilibriums; The groove 80 and 81 that dress O RunddichtringO is arranged on its end face and excircle;

Roller seat 19 centers of d, described interior body portion are splined hole, on its excircle by the groove of forming by arc groove 46 and 54 of four assembling rollers 6, with the groove parallel position circular hole 51 of adorning torsion spring 47 is arranged, there is the step hole 52 that cooperates with torsion spring post 48 at the middle part in hole 51, has the axial groove 53 that holds pin 50 on the hole 52; Have on the both sides end face in hole 51 and hold the recess 90 that torsion spring 47 stretches out steel wire;

The ratchet base 5 of e, described interior body portion is a cylindrical component, and its center is a splined hole, and the teeth groove 93 that holds ratchet 32 is arranged on its excircle, and there is the step 97 and 98 that dwindles its both sides, and the size of step 97 is consistent with the internal diameter of the thin ring 69 of sliding sleeve 33; On step end face, have two circular holes 95 and 95 that hold rotating shaft 40 ', respectively with dome ring 94 on semicircle orifice 96 and 96 ' link to each other;

The bonnet 30 of f, described actuating element is the disc part, its cylindrical end face has double wedge 82 and groove 83, and the through hole 84 of cartridge screw 45 is arranged on the double wedge 82, and annulus 66 is wherein arranged on the end surface, two breach 67 that hold rotating shaft 40 of symmetry are arranged on the annulus 66, the hole 86 that sets a bolt 29 is arranged on the anchor ring; There are pillow block 87 that cooperates with lining 36 and the hole 88 that cooperates with pin 35 in its center;

The rotating shaft 40 of g, described actuating element is the cam-like part, and its axle journal 57 front ends have the groove 89 of shooting property back-up ring, and there is the hole of dress pin 61 and 62 at the middle part, and projection 63 is arranged on the terminal cylinder, and projection 63 end faces are the cambered surfaces 64 of falling suddenly, and there is trapezoidal convex surface 65 inboard;

The sliding sleeve 33 of h, described actuating element is a ring-shape accessory, has on its end face and the trapezoidal convex surface 65 corresponding to trapezoidal grooves 68 of rotating shaft 40 and the semicircle orifice 85 of dress circle cover 41, and the other end has thin ring 69, the inside and outside chamfering of thin ring;

The ratchet 32 of i, described attachment portion is ancient knife-shaped ancient coin shape, on its bottom surface fluted 92 and projection 91;

The collar 8 of j, described attachment portion is made up of two semicircular ring, and an end is formed hinge by lug 99, groove 100, rivet 101 and connected, and the other end has voussoir 102, gap 103, with fixture block 26 lockings; Fixture block 26 has wedge groove 104 that holds voussoir 102 and the projection 105 that can stretch into gap 103, and the through hole 106 that penetrates screw 27 is arranged in the middle of the projection 105.