JPH0252540B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0252540B2 JPH0252540B2 JP60134828A JP13482885A JPH0252540B2 JP H0252540 B2 JPH0252540 B2 JP H0252540B2 JP 60134828 A JP60134828 A JP 60134828A JP 13482885 A JP13482885 A JP 13482885A JP H0252540 B2 JPH0252540 B2 JP H0252540B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- water
- activated carbon
- chitosan
- chitin
- purifying agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 3
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000238421 Arthropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000132059 Carica parviflora Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000850 deacetylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006196 deacetylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003381 deacetylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020681 well water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002349 well water Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
本発明は、浄水器に用いる浄水化剤に関する。
近年、水道水の中の塩素、悪臭の原因となる有
機物などを取り除き良質の美味な水をうるため水
道管の蛇口等に浄水機を取り付けることが流行つ
ている。
通常、浄水器に用いる浄水化剤には活性炭が主
体で、イオン交換体、ゼオライト等の金属補集剤
が併用されている。活性炭は有機物および悪臭物
質を吸着させて水を浄化するようにつくられてい
る。
塩素等を除去しすぎると長期間使用しないで放
置のばあい微生物が繁殖するなどの問題が発生し
衛生的見他から大問題である。
また、活性炭ではCu、Pb等の有害重金属は除
去しえないで、イオン交換体などが用いられる
が、これらの重金属のほか、健康に必要なＫ、
Mg、Ca等の有用金属も取り除かれてしまい問題
となる。
また、近年水の腐敗防止に紫外線殺菌ランプや
オゾン発生器を併用したり、銀コーテイング活性
炭を用いたりしているが、健康を損なわない形で
の滅菌、減寄生虫卵の方法は見出されていない。
本発明者は、このような不都合を生じない浄水
化剤を開発すべく鋭意研究した結果、本発明を完
成するに至つた。
本発明は飲用（原）水用の浄水化剤であり、キ
チン系物質と活性炭とを併用するものである。本
発明の浄水化剤を用いて飲用水又は飲用原水の浄
化を行えば、美味でしかも浄水器中に水がたまつ
て決して腐敗しない衛生的な水をうることができ
る。
キチン系物質には、キチン、キトサン、または
それらの誘導体、例えばアセチル化物、カルボキ
シメチル化物があり、これらは、グルコサミンの
重合体故、重金属、特にHg、Cd、Cuの除去、有
機物除去に効果があり、また、殺菌、殺虫効果が
ある。長期間使用しないで放置しておいても微生
物の発生は全く認められなかつた。
キチンは節足動物、中でもカニ、エビ等の甲殻
類の皮殻と脱灰、脱蛋白して得られる。
キトサンはキチンを濃苛性ソーダ水溶液中で熱
処理して脱アセチル化されたものである。キトサ
ンの高脱アセチル化物は稀塩酸、稀酢酸に溶ける
が、中性付近の水ではほとんど溶解しない。しか
し膨潤した形で用いるとその構成分であるグルコ
サミンが水の中の有機物、重金属などを補集しう
る。
キチン、キトサンの誘導体としてはアセチル化
物、カルボキシメチル化物、ヒドロキシエチル化
物、ヒドロキシプロピル化物、硫酸化物、硝酸化
物、リン酸化物などがある。
本発明浄水化剤は、水道水、井戸水、雨水、河
川水など飲用水またはその原水を対象とし、それ
らの浄水器に組み入れればよい。例えば、水道蛇
口取付の浄水器、天然水濾過装置など流出防止フ
イルター付きが良い。
浄水化剤は、キチン系物質と活性炭とを併用す
るが、両者を混合したもの、粒状化したもの、更
には担体に担持したものなどを使用できる。他の
担体として、イオン交換体、ゼオライト、シリ
カ、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、硅藻土、軽石、
サンゴ、炭酸カルシウムなども使用できる。
本発明浄水化剤の形態としては、粒状、紛末
状、膜状、せんい状などがある。
キチン系物質と活性炭との併用は１：20〜２で
よい。
キチン系物質を活性炭に対し５〜50重量％用い
て混合体をつくる形態もとりうる。この場合、キ
チン系物質は紛末活性炭のバインダーとしての働
きも有する。
この混合体の形態をキトサンを例にとつて説明
すると、紛末活性炭に対し５〜50重量％、好まし
くは10〜30重量％のキトサンを塩酸等の酸を含む
水溶液に溶かし、これに所定量の紛末活性炭を加
えてペーストをつくる。次に攪拌しながらこの中
に苛性ソーダ、苛性カリ等のアルカリ等を水溶液
にして加えると活性炭を凝集した状態でキトサン
が析出してくる。これを傾斜洗浄もしくはろ過に
より、水と分離あるいは精製し、強く圧搾して脱
水するか、若干乾燥して水分を下げる。これをミ
ートチヨツパー等の造粒機により粒状とし、乾燥
して浄水器用浄水化剤とする。また粒状にするに
は、上記ペーストを先の細い管よりアルカリ水溶
液中に攪拌しながら滴下すればポーラスな球状粒
体となる。
次に本発明の代表的例を示す。
実施例 １
家庭用水道蛇口取付けの浄水器中に、フイルタ
ー付きの室を設け、その室の中に活性炭−キトサ
ン（脱アセチル化度80％）混和物（80：20）100
ｇ、及びゼオライト20ｇを、いずれも60−80メツ
シユ粒状化物として納める。この浄水器に水道水
を通過させ、通過水(A)について、塩素、過マンガ
ン酸カリウム消費量、カルシウム、鉄、細菌数な
どを測定した。
また、上記通過水(A)に代えて、浄水器を通さな
い水道水(B)、上記活性炭−キトサン混和物100ｇ
に代えて活性炭100ｇを使用したばあいの通過水
(C)、キトサン100ｇを使用したばあいの通過水(D)
についても同様に処理した。
それらの結果は、第１表のとおり。
実施例 ２
２％水溶液になるようにキトサン紛末を懸濁さ
せる。これに塩酸0.5Nになるように攪拌しなが
ら加えると、キトサンは透明な粘稠溶液となる。
これに紛末活性炭を対液８％となるように加え、
攪拌分散されると粘稠なペースト状となる。
これに48Be′苛性ソーダ溶液を強く攪拌しなが
ら加え、中性もしくは若干アルカリ性とすると活
性炭を凝集した状態でキトサンが析出してくる。
これを減圧ろ過でろ別し、洗浄して活性炭−キ
トサン固体を得た。
これを強く圧搾して脱水し、ミートチヨツパー
で圧搾造粒後、乾燥して顆粒物を得た。これに家
庭用水道蛇口取付けの浄水器中に充填し、浄水化
剤として使用した。その通過水は市販の銀コーテ
イング活性炭と比べて過マンガン酸カリウム消費
量で同等、鉄分は1/3と少なく一般細菌数は直後
で1/5と少なく、30℃で２日間放置後は1/250と極
めて少なかつた。
The present invention relates to a water purifying agent used in a water purifier. In recent years, it has become popular to install water purifiers on water pipe faucets, etc., in order to remove chlorine and organic substances that cause bad odors from tap water, thereby producing high-quality, delicious water. Usually, activated carbon is the main water purifying agent used in water purifiers, and metal scavengers such as ion exchangers and zeolites are also used. Activated carbon is designed to purify water by adsorbing organic and malodorous substances. If too much chlorine is removed, problems such as microbial growth will occur if the product is left unused for a long period of time, which is a major problem from a hygienic standpoint. In addition, activated carbon cannot remove harmful heavy metals such as Cu and Pb, so ion exchangers are used, but in addition to these heavy metals, K, which is necessary for health,
Useful metals such as Mg and Ca are also removed, which poses a problem. In addition, in recent years, ultraviolet germicidal lamps and ozone generators have been used in combination with water to prevent spoilage, and silver-coated activated carbon has been used, but no method has been found to sterilize or reduce parasite eggs in a way that does not harm health. Not yet. The present inventor has completed the present invention as a result of intensive research to develop a water purifying agent that does not cause such inconveniences. The present invention is a water purifying agent for drinking (raw) water, which uses a chitin-based substance and activated carbon in combination. By purifying drinking water or drinking raw water using the water purifying agent of the present invention, it is possible to obtain sanitary water that is delicious and never spoils due to accumulation of water in the water purifier. Chitin-based substances include chitin, chitosan, and their derivatives, such as acetylated products and carboxymethylated products, and because they are polymers of glucosamine, they are effective in removing heavy metals, especially Hg, Cd, and Cu, and organic matter. It also has bactericidal and insecticidal effects. No microbial growth was observed even if the product was left unused for a long period of time. Chitin is obtained by decalcifying and deproteinizing the skins of arthropods, especially crustaceans such as crabs and shrimps. Chitosan is made by deacetylating chitin by heat-treating it in a concentrated aqueous solution of caustic soda. Highly deacetylated chitosan is soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute acetic acid, but hardly soluble in near-neutral water. However, when used in swollen form, its constituent glucosamine can scavenge organic matter and heavy metals in water. Derivatives of chitin and chitosan include acetylated products, carboxymethylated products, hydroxyethylated products, hydroxypropylated products, sulfates, nitrates, phosphoric oxides, and the like. The water purifying agent of the present invention is intended for drinking water such as tap water, well water, rainwater, river water, or its raw water, and may be incorporated into a water purifier for such water. For example, a water purifier attached to a faucet or a natural water filtration device with a filter to prevent spillage is good. The water purifying agent uses a chitin-based substance and activated carbon in combination, and it is possible to use a mixture of the two, a granular product, or a product supported on a carrier. Other carriers include ion exchangers, zeolites, silica, alumina, silica alumina, diatomaceous earth, pumice,
Coral, calcium carbonate, etc. can also be used. The water purifying agent of the present invention may be in the form of granules, powder, film, or fibers. The combination of chitin-based material and activated carbon may be used in a ratio of 1:20 to 2. A mixture may also be prepared by using 5 to 50% by weight of chitin-based material based on activated carbon. In this case, the chitin-based material also functions as a binder for the activated carbon powder. To explain the form of this mixture using chitosan as an example, 5 to 50% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight of chitosan based on powdered activated carbon is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing an acid such as hydrochloric acid, and a predetermined amount of chitosan is dissolved in an aqueous solution containing an acid such as hydrochloric acid. Add powdered activated carbon to make a paste. Next, when an aqueous solution of an alkali such as caustic soda or caustic potash is added to the mixture while stirring, chitosan is precipitated in the form of agglomerated activated carbon. This is separated from water or purified by tilt washing or filtration, and then either strongly compressed to remove water, or slightly dried to lower the water content. This is granulated using a granulator such as a meat chopper and dried to produce a water purifying agent for water purifiers. To form particles, the above paste is dropped into an alkaline aqueous solution through a fine-tipped tube while stirring to form porous spherical particles. Next, typical examples of the present invention will be shown. Example 1 A chamber with a filter was provided in a water purifier attached to a household water faucet, and a mixture of activated carbon and chitosan (degree of deacetylation: 80%) (80:20) was placed in the chamber at 100%
g and 20 g of zeolite are both delivered as 60-80 mesh granules. Tap water was passed through this water purifier, and the passed water (A) was measured for chlorine, potassium permanganate consumption, calcium, iron, the number of bacteria, etc. In addition, instead of the above-mentioned passed water (A), tap water that does not pass through a water purifier (B), 100 g of the above-mentioned activated carbon-chitosan mixture
Passed water when using 100g of activated carbon instead of
(C), water passing through when using 100g of chitosan (D)
was also treated in the same way. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 Chitosan powder is suspended to become a 2% aqueous solution. When hydrochloric acid is added to this while stirring to make 0.5N, chitosan becomes a clear viscous solution.
Add powdered activated carbon to this at a ratio of 8% to the liquid,
When stirred and dispersed, it becomes a viscous paste. When 48Be' caustic soda solution is added to this with strong stirring to make it neutral or slightly alkaline, chitosan will precipitate in the form of aggregated activated carbon. This was filtered out by vacuum filtration and washed to obtain activated carbon-chitosan solid. This was strongly compressed to dehydrate it, compressed and granulated using a meat grinder, and then dried to obtain granules. This was filled into a water purifier attached to a household tap and used as a water purifying agent. The water that passes through it has the same amount of potassium permanganate as commercially available silver-coated activated carbon, the iron content is 1/3, the number of general bacteria is 1/5 immediately after, and the amount of bacteria is 1/5 after being left at 30℃ for 2 days. There were only 250, which was extremely small.
【表】
過マンガン酸カリウム消費量は有機物の量を示す
。
[Table] Potassium permanganate consumption indicates the amount of organic matter.
Claims (1)
徴とする飲用（原）水用の浄水化剤。1. A water purification agent for drinking (raw) water characterized by the combined use of a chitin-based substance and activated carbon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13482885A JPS61291038A (en) | 1985-06-19 | 1985-06-19 | Water purifying agent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13482885A JPS61291038A (en) | 1985-06-19 | 1985-06-19 | Water purifying agent |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61291038A JPS61291038A (en) | 1986-12-20 |
| JPH0252540B2 true JPH0252540B2 (en) | 1990-11-13 |
Family
ID=15137416
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13482885A Granted JPS61291038A (en) | 1985-06-19 | 1985-06-19 | Water purifying agent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61291038A (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03106489A (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-05-07 | Nakae Kaoru | Water purifier |
| FR2700973B1 (en) * | 1993-02-02 | 1995-04-07 | Aber Technologies | Black carbon-chitosan complex and its use in fixation and extraction processes. |
| ATE194972T1 (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 2000-08-15 | Toyo Denka Kogyo Co Ltd | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING WATER |
| KR100429915B1 (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2004-05-03 | 김고정 | Additives for waste-water treatment |
| CN102794157B (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-06-04 | 周鑫 | Composite medium capable of adsorbing heavy metals |
| CN105236541A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-13 | 无锡市嘉邦电力管道厂 | Compound flocculant and application thereof |
| CN106219696B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-07-13 | 伍德广聚（北京）环境科技有限公司 | A kind of composite flocculation agent |
| CN106890624A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-06-27 | 湖南大学 | A kind of shitosan/anhydride modified biological carbon composite and preparation method thereof and purposes |
| CN108821356A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-16 | 俞金晶 | A kind of chemical wastewater treatment agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111675277A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-09-18 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Activated carbon rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN111715193A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-29 | 武汉大学 | Analcime/chitosan composite material, preparation method thereof and application of analcime/chitosan composite material as heavy metal adsorption material |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52148963A (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-10 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Solid-liquid separating method and apparatus therefor |
| JPS596695A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1984-01-13 | クセルト・セントロ・ステユデイ・エ・ラボラトリ・テレコミニカチオ−ニ・エツセ・ピ−・ア− | Self-route designation module type pcm exchange network |
| JPS60225688A (en) * | 1984-04-20 | 1985-11-09 | Unitika Ltd | Filter for filtering purified water |
-
1985
- 1985-06-19 JP JP13482885A patent/JPS61291038A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52148963A (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-10 | Inoue Japax Res Inc | Solid-liquid separating method and apparatus therefor |
| JPS596695A (en) * | 1982-06-22 | 1984-01-13 | クセルト・セントロ・ステユデイ・エ・ラボラトリ・テレコミニカチオ−ニ・エツセ・ピ−・ア− | Self-route designation module type pcm exchange network |
| JPS60225688A (en) * | 1984-04-20 | 1985-11-09 | Unitika Ltd | Filter for filtering purified water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61291038A (en) | 1986-12-20 |
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