JPH0240817B2 - BOSUISEKOHO - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an exposed flat roof waterproofing construction method.

[Prior art and its problems] The waterproof layer of the concrete structure proposed in the past is made of asphalt felt or asphalt felt, which has a large number of dotted protrusions and an unspecified number of through holes on one side, on a uniform mortar layer of the concrete slab. There is a construction method that forms a waterproof layer for a concrete structure in which roofing is laminated with the convexities facing downward to form a space between them and the base. An unspecified number of truncated cone-shaped through-holes are drilled through the through-holes, and asphalt for adhering the next layer is allowed to flow through the through-holes, and the asphalt for adhering the next layer is applied to the uniform mortar layer to fuse and integrate it. There is a construction method in which asphalt felt or roofing, which has many point-like protrusions and an unspecified number of through holes on one side, is sandwiched between layered waterproof sheets.

In order to manufacture roofing with the above-mentioned dot-like protrusions and through-holes, a large amount of machine improvement costs and ingenuity are required. Because of this, the sheet breaks due to the pressure and attraction of the rollers that take it up, making it impossible to manufacture and it has not been manufactured and sold to this day.

The exposed waterproof layer on a flat roof has moisture emanating from the waterproof base of the building structure due to the rise in temperature due to solar heat, etc., and moisture oozes out, so it is necessary to prevent the interface peeling between the adhesive that adheres the waterproof sheet to the waterproof base and the waterproof base. This is the first requirement, and if the expansion of the humid air in the space must be dispersed, it will inevitably swell partially, peel, or
It had the drawback of water leakage. It is well known that the building frame contains a lot of water for two years after a new building is built, so there is a lot of moisture emitted from the waterproof base of the building structure and seepage of moisture, which causes disadvantages such as interfacial delamination, partial blistering, peeling, and water leakage as mentioned above. There were many problems.

For example, when constructing using the roofing (projections, through holes) proposed above, the roofing (projections, through holes) is placed with the projections facing down on a flat waterproof base with no projections on the structure. Then, the next layer of roofing is poured and pasted with an asphalt adhesive that has zero adhesive strength and peels off when water seeps out, and the asphalt adhesive is poured into the through hole and adhered to the waterproof foundation of the building structure, so it will not absorb solar heat. When the temperature of the exposed waterproof layer increases due to such factors, moisture and air expand from the waterproof base, and water oozes out, causing interfacial separation between the waterproof base and the asphalt adhesive, resulting in the waterproof layer separating from the waterproof base. It is certain that it will be blown away by strong winds or leak water.

In view of the properties of asphalt adhesives, it is known that they tend to peel off when bonded to materials with dense surface structures such as concrete mortar. In addition, the waterproof base of a flat roof has a drainage slope of 1/100 or more, and when inspected using a horizontal ruler, it is often found that it is finished with uneven parts, and roofing has some slack on one side, both sides, or the center of the sheet. Under such adverse conditions, a gap was created between the waterproof base and the top of the roofing's convexity, and the asphalt was removed when the next layer of roofing was poured into the through hole with asphalt adhesive. When the adhesive flows in, in addition to various adverse conditions, there are no protrusions on the waterproof base, so it flows from the high part to the low part, flows from the convex part to the concave part, and collects in the concave part.It is a reliable insulation (breathable ) There is a drawback that construction is not possible. Even if the melting temperature of the asphalt adhesive is changed from the normal construction temperature of 280 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius during construction, the flow state will remain the same because the waterproof base is flat. First of all, it is necessary to have an adhesive that will not peel off at the interface between the waterproof base and the adhesive even when moisture oozes out from the waterproof base due to an increase in the temperature of the exposed waterproof layer due to solar heat, etc. Second, to disperse the expansion of gas A continuous space (ventilation) is required. This required strong adhesion only at the through-holes (dots on the waterproof base), which was a drawback that could not be achieved with the previously proposed method.

Therefore, it has been possible to perform construction at low cost using commonly available products, and it is possible to prevent the interfacial peeling between the waterproof base and the adhesive that adheres the waterproof sheet to the waterproof base, where there is emanating moisture and moisture seepage. Completely prevent this, and glue the waterproof base and waterproof sheet only at the through-holes to form a space between the waterproof base and the waterproof sheet, and disperse moisture and air expansion in the space to partially seal the waterproof base and waterproof sheet. It prevents blistering, peeling, and water leakage that may occur in the water, and also ensures perfect adhesion of the next layer of waterproof sheet.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a waterproofing construction method that has a composite waterproofing effect and completes waterproofing construction.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object of the invention, the waterproofing method according to the present invention is characterized by being configured as follows. That is, the first step is to apply the synthetic resin adhesive 2 on the waterproof base 1, and then mix large and small convex objects 3, 3' on top of it and partially immerse it, and then apply the waterproof adhesive 2 on top of the waterproof base 1. a second step of spraying and adhering the sheet 5 to form a continuous space 8; a third step of placing the waterproof sheet 5 with a large number of through holes 4 thereon;
The asphalt adhesive 7 for attaching the next layer waterproof sheet 6 to be laminated on top of the waterproof base 1 is passed through the waterproof base 1.
Large and small convex objects 3 scattered and adhered on the upper adhesive layer,
3', and a fifth step of adhering the next layer waterproof sheet 6 with the asphalt adhesive 7. Note that the through hole 4 is a downwardly expanding inner wall swelling hole 9.
You can also use it as

The first step is a step of applying a synthetic resin adhesive 2 onto the waterproof base 1. Synthetic resin adhesive 2 is applied on top of the waterproof base, so once it is applied to the waterproof base and dried and fixed, it maintains its tensile strength even if water oozes out from the waterproof base and the synthetic resin is bonded to the waterproof base. With adhesives, it does not peel off at the interface and provides complete waterproofing. Here, the synthetic resin adhesive 2 includes, in addition to synthetic resin adhesives such as epoxy resin adhesive,
It also includes synthetic rubber adhesives.

In the second step, large and small convex objects 3 and 3' are mixed on the adhesive layer formed in the first step, a part of which is immersed, and a continuous layer is formed between the waterproof sheet 5 and the waterproof sheet 5 to be placed next. This is a step of spreading adhesive and fixing so that a space 8 is formed. The protrusions 3 and 3' include crushed stones, pebbles,
Pea gravel and other organic and inorganic raised materials are used, and an appropriate amount of large and small raised materials 3 and 3' are mixed together.
Spray and fix on the adhesive layer. As an example, a large convex object should be about 6 mm, and a small convex object should be about 2 mm.

The third step is a step of placing a waterproof sheet 5, which has a large number of through holes 4, on the large and small convex objects 3, 3' formed in the second step. For example, the size of the through holes may be 30 mm in diameter, and 144 through holes may be formed per 1 m.

Further, in the fourth step, the asphalt adhesive 7 for pasting the next layer waterproof sheet 6 to be laminated on top is allowed to flow through the through holes 4 of the waterproof sheet 5 placed in the third step, and the adhesive on the waterproof base 1 is passed through. This is a step of fixing the large and small convex objects 3 and 3' that have been sprayed and adhered onto the layer.

Scatter adhesive is applied so that the large and small convex objects 3 and 3' on the adhesive layer are partly immersed in the adhesive layer, and a continuous space 8 is formed between the waterproof sheet 5 and the next placed waterproof sheet 5. Since it is fixed, moisture and air expansion in the space between the waterproof base 1 and the waterproof sheet 5 are dispersed to prevent blistering, peeling, and water leakage that occur locally. Further, the asphalt adhesive 7 for adhering the next layer waterproof sheet 6 to be laminated on top of the waterproof sheet 5 is passed through the through hole 4 of the waterproof sheet 5, and the large and small convex objects 3 are spread and adhered onto the adhesive layer on the waterproof base 1. 3', the adhesion of the next layer waterproof sheet is also perfect.

In addition, in the conventional construction method, since there are no protrusions on the waterproof base, the asphalt adhesive flows from the high parts to the low parts, and from the convex parts to the concave parts, where it collects and is bonded to the waterproof base only at the through-holes. It was not possible to construct the building with ventilation. During construction, the melting temperature of asphalt adhesive should be changed from the normal construction temperature of 280 degrees C to 250 degrees C.
Even when the waterproofing was done, the fluid state remained the same because the waterproof base was flat, so it was not possible to create a breathable construction. However, according to the present invention, it is possible to adhere to the waterproof base only at the through-hole portion. This is because a large number of large and small convex objects are fixed to the waterproof base, and these convex objects prevent the asphalt adhesive from flowing horizontally.

In addition, when the through-hole 4 provided in the waterproof sheet 5 is made into a downwardly expanding inner wall expansion hole 9, the asphalt adhesive 7 for pasting is more firmly fixed.

In the fifth step, the next layer waterproof sheet 6 is applied with the asphalt adhesive 7 formed in the fourth step.
This is the process of pasting. Thus, the waterproofing construction method according to the present invention is completed.

The next layer waterproof sheet 6 can be a roofing sheet with sand, or a desired layer can be laminated thereon by a conventional method. As the adhesive, an asphalt adhesive and a synthetic resin adhesive (for example, an epoxy resin adhesive) are used in combination.

For the waterproof sheets 5 and 6, asphalt roofing or asphalt felt and rubber asphalt roofing or asphalt felt may be used alone or in combination.

As mentioned above, the synthetic resin adhesive 2 is applied on the waterproof base 1, so apply it to the waterproof base 1.
After drying and fixing, even if moisture oozes out from the waterproof base 1, the tensile strength is maintained and the waterproof base 1 and the synthetic resin adhesive 2 do not peel off at the interface. Therefore, large and small convex objects 3 and 3' are bonded with synthetic resin adhesive 2.
The waterproof sheet 5 with through holes is placed on top of the waterproof sheet 5 which is firmly adhered, and the upper layer waterproof sheet 6 is poured and pasted with asphalt adhesive 7 which is heated and melted. The asphalt adhesive 7 for adhering the upper waterproof sheet, which has flowed through the hole, firmly adheres to the large and small convex objects 3 and 3' like an anchor. Therefore, even if the asphalt adhesive 7 itself breaks (cohesive failure), the large and small protrusions 3, 3' and the synthetic resin adhesive 2 will not separate from the waterproof base 1 at the interface. The difference in size of the protrusions 3, 3' bonded to the waterproof base 1 during construction becomes a space.

Even if there is a gap between the slope uneven part of the waterproof base 1 and the next waterproof sheet 5 with through holes, if the next layer waterproof sheet 6 is poured and pasted, water will flow through the through holes of the waterproof sheet 5 with through holes. The asphalt adhesive 7 can be prevented from flowing sideways by the continuous large and small protrusions 3, 3', and an insulating method of gluing only ideal through-holes that does not impair air permeability can be achieved. Furthermore, since the synthetic resin adhesive 2 is applied to the waterproof base 1, there is a composite waterproofing effect and the waterproof construction is completed.

[Example] Materials used: Large convex object 3 is approximately 6 mm, small convex object 3' is approximately 2 mm.
The size of the particles was approximately 50 mm, and the weight ratio was approximately 50% large and 50% small. In this case, the most ideal continuous space was created.

As the synthetic resin adhesive 2, an epoxy resin adhesive was used.

Asphalt felt was used as the waterproof sheet 5 having through holes 4. The asphalt felt has a glass fiber core and has a thickness of 1
mm, hole diameter 30mm, 144 holes per ^1m2 , area ratio 9.5%
It's also.

When examining the cohesive failure (tensile strength of the asphalt itself) of special blown asphalt, the tensile strength is approximately 3 kg/cm ² at a temperature of 50 degrees C, and if there is no interfacial peeling between the waterproof base and adhesive, this through-hole Using asphalt felt, the waterproof layer will not peel off even in strong winds. (Separately, there are two types of JIS A6023 for the exposed method sold by a manufacturer, and although they have different shapes, the hole diameter is 30 mm and the hole diameter is 144 mm per 1 ^m2 .
The area ratio of pores is approximately the same as 9.5%.

Asphalt adhesive 7 used special blown asphalt.

The next layer waterproof sheet 6 used roofing with sand.

The slope of the waterproof base is 1/100.

Construction was carried out as follows under the above conditions and materials. An epoxy resin adhesive 2 is applied on the waterproof base 1 on the concrete mortar layer of the building frame. Large and small convex objects 3 and 3' are mixed on top of it so that a part of the large and small convex objects is immersed and a continuous space is formed between it and the asphalt felt that will be placed next (through hole). Spread adhesive and fix. Asphalt felt 5 having a large number of through holes 4 is placed thereon. The next layer of sanded roofing 6 is poured and pasted using special blown asphalt 7 for pasting which is heated and melted. The special blown asphalt 7 for adhesion that has been heated and melted through the through hole 4 flows through the through hole 4, and the special blown asphalt 7 for adhesion is applied to the large and small convex objects 3 and 3' that have been sprayed and bonded on the two layers of adhesive on the waterproof base 1. stick. During construction, the next layer of sand-covered roofing 6 was poured from the bottom to the top of the slope.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the waterproofing construction method according to the present invention is configured as described above, it can be constructed at a low cost using conventionally commercially available products, and can reduce the amount of moisture that evaporates and moisture. It completely prevents the interfacial separation between the adhesive used to adhere a waterproof sheet to a waterproof base that oozes and the waterproof base, and allows the waterproof base and waterproof sheet to be bonded only at the through-holes, creating a space between the waterproof base and the waterproof sheet. It forms a space and disperses the expansion of moist air in the space to prevent blistering, peeling, and water leakage that may occur locally, and the adhesion of the next layer waterproof sheet is also perfect, resulting in a composite waterproof effect. Yes, it has the effect of perfecting waterproof construction.

The effects of the present invention will be further described as follows. The waterproof base and epoxy resin adhesive (including large and small convexities) do not peel off at the interface due to moisture seepage from the waterproof base. We also tested the adhesion of special blown asphalt that flowed in through the through holes to large and small convex objects. A ^1m square board of asbestos slate (waterproof base) was constructed using the same construction method as above and placed in water, and with water permeating all of the asbestos slate (waterproof base), asphalt felt with through holes and a roof with sand on the upper layer were created. When the waterproof base and epoxy resin adhesive did not peel off at the interface, nor did any large or small protrusions peel off, the upper layer of the roofing with sand was pasted with special blown asphalt. This was a cohesive failure of a special type of blown asphalt.

The special type of blown asphalt that flowed through the through-hole was prevented from flowing sideways by the continuous large and small convex objects, and the air permeability was not impaired at all as the blown asphalt smeared slightly under the diameter of the hole of 30 mm. Using conventional technology, ¹ m square of asbestos slate was used as a waterproof base (through-hole convexities), and the roofing was placed with the convexities facing down, and the next layer of roofing was poured and pasted using asphalt adhesive. The asphalt adhesive is flowed into the through-hole and adhered to the asbestos slate (waterproof base), and then the asphalt adhesive is poured into water and the asphalt slate (waterproof base) is completely soaked with water (through-hole protrusion). When the roofing and the next layer roofing were held together and pulled, the asphalt adhesive for adhering the next layer to the slate board (waterproof base) and the slate board (waterproof base) separated at the interface and were easily peeled off. The asphalt adhesive that flowed through the through holes was in a lateral flow state that impairs air permeability.

When an epoxy resin adhesive that does not peel off even when water oozes out is applied to the concrete mortar layer of the building frame, and large and small convexities are fixed, there is no interfacial peeling between the waterproof base and the epoxy resin adhesive, and large and small convexities are fixed. The material is also firmly bonded, and the waterproof layer applied on top of it will not swell or peel or leak even when moisture seeps out. In the conventional technical construction method, the waterproof layer was applied to the waterproof base using an asphalt adhesive that loses adhesive strength due to leaching of water directly, so the waterproof layer peeled away from the waterproof base, causing blistering and water leakage. In the present invention, continuous large and small convex objects are adhered to the waterproof base, so asphalt felt is placed on the (through-hole) and the next layer of sanded roofing is poured with special blown asphalt for adhering the through-hole. When the special blown asphalt for adhesion flows in and adheres to large and small convex objects, even if there is a gap between the large and small convex objects and the asphalt felt (through-hole), there is no lateral flow of the special blown asphalt, and only the through-hole is secure. The insulation work was completed.

In conventional technical construction methods, roofing with through holes and protrusions is placed on a waterproof base with the protrusions facing down, and the next layer of roofing is poured and pasted with asphalt adhesive to attach the through holes. This is a method of pouring asphalt adhesive into the surface and bonding it to a flat waterproof base, but the waterproof base often has a drainage slope of 1/100 or more, and when examined using a horizontal ruler, it is often found that the finish is uneven. Roofing may also have slack on one side, both sides, or the center. Under these adverse conditions, there may be gaps between the waterproof base, the apex of the roofing's convexity, and the waterproof base with through holes and convexities. When the next layer of roofing was poured into the through-holes and pasted with heated and melted asphalt adhesive, the asphalt flowed in. In addition to various adverse conditions, there were no protrusions on the waterproof base, so the lower parts were lower than the higher parts. It flows from the convex part to the concave part and accumulates, making it impossible to perform insulation construction (ventilation) construction in which only the through hole is bonded to the waterproof base.

In the present invention, an epoxy resin adhesive is coated on the waterproof base, and there is no interfacial peeling with the waterproof base, and its waterproof effect is achieved in combination with the waterproof effect of the upper asphalt waterproof layer, making the waterproofing complete.

Furthermore, since the waterproof layer is an ideal insulation construction method, it can withstand cracks in the waterproof base and has the effect of not tearing the upper waterproof layer. With conventional technology, it is not possible to insulate and bond the waterproof base with only through holes, so if there is a crack in the waterproof base, the upper waterproof layer will be creased or torn.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a main part of an applied example. 1...Waterproof base, 2...Synthetic resin adhesive, 3
...Convex object, 3'...Small convex object, 4...Through hole,
5... Tarpaulin sheet, 6... Next layer waterproof sheet, 7...
... Asphalt adhesive for pasting, 8 ... Space, 9
...Inner wall expansion hole, 10...Structure concrete.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A first step of applying a synthetic resin adhesive 2 on a waterproof base 1, mixing large and small convex objects 3, 3' thereon, and partially immersing them; A second step of spreading adhesive fixing so that a continuous space 8 is formed between the waterproof sheet 5 to be placed next, and a third step of placing the waterproof sheet 5 with a large number of through holes 4 thereon.
The asphalt adhesive 7 for adhering the next layer waterproof sheet 6 to be laminated on top of the through hole 4 is flowed through the through hole 4, and large and small convex objects 3, 3' are spread and adhered onto the adhesive layer on the waterproof base 1. A fourth step of fixing the
A waterproof construction method characterized by comprising a fifth step of pasting the next layer waterproof sheet 6 with the pasting asphalt adhesive 7. 2. The waterproof construction method according to claim 1, wherein the through holes 4 provided in the waterproof sheet 5 are formed as inner wall expansion holes 9 that widen downward.