JPH0232366B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention is a novel method in which two types of polymers with different dyeing properties are arranged in a plurality of layers and in a random mixed form in the cross section of a multifilament, and which is rich in irregularity. The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a laminated composite multifilament. (Prior art) It is possible to improve the crimpability, bulkiness, color tone, texture, etc. by regularly and uniformly mixing two types of polymers, and to improve the crimpability, bulkiness, color tone, texture, etc. It was already well known before this application that the above characteristics can be improved by a method of reducing the amount. There are many patents related to this. However, in such composite multifilaments, even when the bonding ratio of the two types of polymers is changed to achieve an appropriate crimp level, the crimp development is too synthetic and uniform, making it difficult to produce cotton products. I haven't reached the point where I can get that sense of luxury. Moreover, even when dyeing multifilament, because it is uniform, the color, tone, gloss, unevenness, etc.
The irregularities such as texture were not insufficient, and in particular, it was virtually impossible to produce an iridescent color tone. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention promptly responds to the above-mentioned actual situation, and solves the problem of conventionally intended symmetry in a composite multifilament made of two types of polymers having different physical properties, especially different dyeing properties. The purpose of this invention is to provide a new method for improving the properties of multifilaments by enhancing the irregularity, iridescent color difference, gloss, and color tone. Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminated composite multifilament that can produce a knitted fabric with a spun-like feel that cannot be obtained with conventional composite multifilaments by the method described above. (Means for Solving the Problems) Therefore, the feature of the present invention that is suitable for such purpose is that two types of fiber-forming synthetic polymers having different dyeability, which are melted separately, are combined into a static resin having 1 to 4 elements. After passing through a system kneading element, it is spun through a spinneret having at least six or more irregularly shaped spinning holes. Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail one after another. First, in the present invention, the fiber-forming synthetic polymers of the individual laminated filaments constituting the composite multifilament have mutual affinity and physical properties, such as solubility in solvents and dyeability, among others. It requires a different synthetic polymer. Here, the fiber-forming synthetic polymer mainly refers to polyester, polyamide, and polyolefin, and may also be a copolymer to impart different physical properties. Among these, polyesters include homopolyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene oxybenzoate, polydimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, and polypivalolactone, and copolymerization of these polyester components with isophthalic acid or sulfoisophthalic acid as a secondary acid component. It also refers to those copolymerized with propylene glycol or polymethylene glycol as a secondary alcohol component. In addition, polyamides include nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, nylon 11, nylon 12, a condensate of bis(para-aminocyclohexyl)methane and dodecane diacid, and a copolymer of these polyamide-forming components. , as well as those copolymerized with other dicarboxylic acids and diamines. Furthermore, polyolefin refers to homopolyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and those containing a small amount of a second component. In order to select a combination of the two types of polymers from among these fiber-forming synthetic polymers, firstly, they must have mutual affinity and should not cause delamination due to friction during each process after spinning or during actual wearing. Combining the species polymers is a prerequisite. For this purpose, it is generally preferable to consider a combination of two types of polymers that are of the same type and have relatively similar melting temperatures. For example, combinations of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate made by copolymerizing 2.5 mol% of sulfoisophthalic acid, combinations of polyethylene terephthalate and block polyether polyester made by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with 5% polyethylene glycol, nylon 6 and nylon. It is possible to combine the 66-forming component with a copolyamide made by copolymerizing 10% of nylon 6 component, or to combine polypropylene with polypropylene of different viscosity. Among these, the combination of the first two polyesters is the most suitable in the present invention. Furthermore, in order to achieve the object of the present invention, it is necessary that there be a difference in physical properties between the two types of polymers to be combined. Here, different physical properties include different viscosities, different heat shrinkage behaviors, different characteristics of compatible dyes, and different solubility characteristics in solvents. In the present invention, it is particularly important that there is a difference in stainability. To achieve this, it is necessary to change the degree of polymerization of the polymers in each of the above combinations, change the presence or absence of copolymerization or change the ratio, modify the number of terminal groups of the rice to make it dyeable or difficult to dye, or use different dyeing groups. It is possible to select an appropriate method such as introducing a terminal group that can be dyed with a dye. In particular, in order to obtain a natural fiber-like natural color effect as a composite multifilament, it is most effective to incorporate two types of polymers with dyeing differences such as differences in dye exhaustion rate, dyeing seat, and applied dye parts. suitable. This means that, for example, 2
It can also be easily obtained by using regular type polyester bright as one of the seed polymers and using cationic dyeable chips as the other polymer. Thus, the composite multifilament of the present invention is produced using the two types of fiber-forming synthetic polymers selected as described above, and the composite yarn-protecting method is usually applied for spinning. . The outline of the spinning apparatus is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2. Hereinafter, the spinning method will be explained with reference to the same figure, but it is necessary to satisfy at least the following two conditions during spinning. That is, one is passed through a static kneading element having 1 to 4 elements, and the other is a spinneret having 3 or more, preferably 6 or more spinning holes after passing through the kneading element. The method is to spin yarn using The illustrated spinning apparatus fulfills these requirements.
That is, in FIG. 1, both polymers A and B, which are respectively melted by separate extruders and introduced into the reservoirs 11 and 12 of the mouth pack 1, are filtered by the wire mesh filters 13 and 13' of the respective filter parts. 2 through the inlet holes 14, 14' and the outlet 15, 1.
5', through the guide holes 16, 16 provided in the distribution plate 3, and reach the center part 17 of the mixing plate 4, and the static kneading elements 18, 1 provided toward the lower surface thereof.
9 and the kneading elements 18 and 19 form a composite state of 2 to 5 layers, preferably 2 to 4 layers, of two types of polymers having different properties. This layered mixed polymer is then transferred to the outlet section 2 of the kneading element.
0, the spinneret 5 gradually expands concentrically and consists of six or more spinnerets as shown in FIG.
It flows out from the spinning hole 21 and is discharged and spun as a composite multifilament. After the composite multifilament is spun by injection molding, it is then taken up and drawn at an appropriate draw ratio, but the cross-sectional structure is as shown in Figure 3.
As illustrated in FIG. 4, the bonding states of the A and B polymers are all different depending on the positions of the six (or more) spinning holes 21, and depending on the components of the bonded polymers, for example, A polymer-polyester bright and B polymer-polyester. In the case of cationic dyeable chipsemidal, etc., a characteristic feature is that composite multifilaments with clearly different cross-sectional shapes can be manufactured using a microscope. In addition, the static kneading element used for the above-mentioned spinning is
For example, Kenix's "Statistic Mixer",
Toray Engineering's "Mixing Unit"
This refers to ROSS ISG mixers, Sulzer mixing elements, and in some cases Tokkosho mixers.
The multilayer device disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 48-23968 is also applicable. However, the number of elements is 1 to 4
A range of 1 is appropriate. If there is no kneading element at all, both polymers A and B will simply form a combined layer, which is undesirable because filaments of single polymer A or B will frequently occur. On the other hand, if the number of layers is five or more, the number of divided layers becomes too large, resulting in a uniform multilayered blended state, and the appropriate layered structure intended by the present invention is lost. Therefore, the number of kneading elements is suitably 1 to 4, more preferably 2 or 3. Most commonly, one kneading element element here refers to an element that divides one layer into two layers, for example.
Since the ROSS ISG mixing element has four divided layers per stage, this mixer is considered to have two layers per stage. Furthermore, as mentioned above, the spinneret used in the present invention preferably has at least 6 spinning holes. This does not mean that it cannot be used if there are less than 5 spinning holes, or in some cases more than 3 spinning holes, but the spacing between the holes is generally too large and turbulence tends to occur in the mixed flow of multilayered polymers. However, in some cases, it is not appropriate to produce a swirl-like layer inside the filament, resulting in a decrease in the appearance of a bead-like appearance due to differences in staining. Thus, the cross section of the composite multifilament yarn spun satisfying each of the above conditions exhibits a laminated filament form in which almost all the filaments are divided into 2 to 5 layers, and the degree of eccentricity is also appropriate. In addition to the ability to develop crimp, the color tone and texture due to the difference in dyeing are also the most appropriate. The shape of the spinning hole may be round, 3 to 10 lobes, flat, or
Any shape can be selected, such as hollow, irregularly shaped hollow, U-shaped, or a mixture thereof. Among these, those with cross-sectional shapes that form the outer periphery of the filament on two to four sides, such as 3- or 6-lobed, flat, and U-shaped, exhibit the natural irregular texture, luster, and appearance of natural fibers. . Further, when spinning the composite multifilament yarn according to the method of the present invention, the joining ratio of the two selected synthetic polymers is 1:5 to 1:5 in terms of weight ratio.
The ratio can be arbitrarily selected between 5:1. When selecting the ratio of these two, the stability of spinning,
The ratio is determined by comprehensively judging the degree of the foreign dyeing effect of the yarn, etc., but when considering the possibility of developing the foreign dyeing effect in the present invention, the ratio should be within the range of 1:2 to 2:1 in terms of weight ratio. It was confirmed that the ratio is preferably 6:4 to 4:6, and more preferably 6:4 to 4:6. That is, the composite multifilament yarn according to the present invention has a substantially constant bonding ratio as a whole. However, when observing the composite multifilament yarn between its individual constituent filaments, each filament maintains a constant ratio in the longitudinal direction, but the bonding ratio between the filaments is not constant. , distributed in the range of 1:9 to 9:1, and the surface area occupied by the two types of polymers on the surface of each filament, that is, the exposed area, is independent of the bonding ratio of the polymers,
It is desirable that the distribution be in the range of 0:100 to 100:0. If it deviates from the above range, the performance of producing the required unique color effect will deteriorate. The method for producing the composite multifilament of the present invention has been described above in detail.The multifilament of the present invention obtained in this way is then made into a circular knit or woven structure, subjected to alkali reduction or dyed as it is. When performing alkali weight loss, for example, by using polyester bright as the A polymer and cationic dyeable chips as the B polymer, unevenness can be created in the cross section of the fiber due to the difference in the alkali weight loss rate, even when there is no alkali weight loss. Randomization of the polyester and cationic dyeable surface exposed areas of the filament fiber cross section creates a good condition for different color effects due to dyeing, and when dyeing multifilament, if the dyeability of the raw material chips is considered, the color, gloss, unevenness, It is most effective in expressing irregularities such as texture. Particularly, the partial change in color tone produces an iridescent color tone in a textile structure, which is an important effect of the present invention. In addition, in the above case, it is better to adopt a two-color dyeing method as the dyeing method, in which the cationic dyeable polymer component is dyed in the first step, and then,
Dye the polyester side with disperse dye. For example, if the polyester side is first dyed blue, and then the polyester side is dyed red, a dyed tone with purple shades can be obtained. At this time, if the polyester side is selected as a bright tip, the purple color will be even more deep, and it will be more effective. In addition, a portion of the component filament with a large exposed area of the cationic dyeable chip exhibits a deep color, while a portion of the cationic dyeable chip with a small exposed area exhibits microscopic partial staining spots that are expressed as a pale color. Therefore, the iridescent color difference and glossiness mentioned above,
The color tone is further enhanced by incorporating the aforementioned irregular cross-sections. Particularly preferred is a triangular cross-section, but an iridescent effect can also be obtained with multi-lobal cross-section yarns such as square, pentagonal and hexagonal cross-sections. Above all, triangular cross-sections, regardless of whether they are equilateral or scalene, are characterized by their gloss, color tone, depth of color, irregularity, and thickness due to their irregular cross-sections, both from the cross-sectional shape and in actual objects. It is outstandingly excellent. By the way, in order to achieve even better color tone and irregularity, it goes without saying that it is necessary to select optimal conditions for the subsequent dyeing conditions, but the stretching method in the previous step However, it is possible to exhibit the above-mentioned color tone and irregularity. According to the experiments of the present inventors, for example, in a two-stage stretching machine, the first stage is drawn and aligned (magnification ratio: 1.01), and the second stage of stretching uses a hot roller in a normal polyester stretching method, but in this case, Irregularity could be further emphasized by cold stretching and setting the plate temperature to an appropriate heat set temperature. Further examples of the present invention will be shown below. Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate (Brite) with an intrinsic viscosity (η) (measured at 20°C in a mixed solvent of phenol-chitrachloroethane 6:4) of 0.64
and 0.60 cationic dye-dyeable polyester (polyester copolymerized with polyethylene terephthalate fiber-forming component and 2.5 mol% sulfoisophthalic acid) semidal in a bonding ratio of 1:1 and 1:3.
Using the spinning device shown in Figure 1, the spinning temperature was 295.
℃ through a spinneret having Y-shaped, U-shaped, and round spinning holes to obtain an undrawn yarn at a winding speed of 1200 m/min, and then each undrawn yarn was stretched under the following drawing conditions: , Speed 500m/min Roller/plate temperature 84℃/150℃ Spindle rotation speed 8000r.pm Stretching ratio Upper stage 1.01, lower stage 2.925 Each drawn composite multifilament yarn of 75 denier, 24 filament and 50 denier, 12 filament I got it. In the spinning, a Kenics mixing element was used as a static kneading element. The drawn yarn thus obtained was knitted using a circular knitting machine, preset at 170°C, dyed with cationic dye at 120°C for 1 hour, and finished set at 160°C. The threads were collected and evaluated for thread quality and irregularity. The results were as shown in Table 1. In addition, the first
In the table, the B rate and C rate are the bobbin rate and the bobbin rate, respectively. Next, using both polymers A and B similar to the former, using the spinning apparatus shown in FIG. 1 at a joining ratio of 1:1, and changing the number of Kenics mixing elements and the number of spinning holes, the above-mentioned spinning was carried out. Various 75-denier drawn yarns with a residual elongation of 35% were obtained depending on the drawing conditions. The obtained various drawn yarns were used as pile yarns, and circular knit piles were knitted using ordinary polyester false twisted yarns (75 denier, 24 filaments) as ground yarns. After opening, it is made into a cut pile by di-airing, preset at 170℃, dyed with disperse dye at 120℃ for 1 hour, finished and set at 160℃, and then
Seeds (experiments Nos. 6 to 12) of knit velor were obtained and evaluated for texture, appearance, etc. as a napped product. The results are shown in Table 2.

【table】

[Table] As can be seen from the above tables, the bonding ratio of polyester (bright/cationic dyeable (semidull): 1:
The irregularity of the round cross-section yarn with a cross-section shape of 3 is slightly inferior to that of the Y-section and U-section, but
As for the other products, the overall texture, color, gloss, and irregularity are sufficient, and the intended purpose has been achieved. In addition, in the case of those with more than four kneading elements and those with less than six spinning holes, the former is too uniform in appearance and lacks spun-like appearance, while the latter is rough and has poor quality and has problems with spinning and drawing. Ta. Example 2 Using each polymer according to Example 1, the shape of the spinning hole was changed under the same spinning and drawing conditions, and a round cross-section was obtained.
High multifilament a of 75d to 72f, multifilament b of 75d/24f with a six-lobed cross section (see Figure 4), 75 denier blended yarn c with a cross-shaped four-lobed cross section 8f and a round cross section 24f, and a triangular cross-section (no. (See Figure 3) 75d/
Each composite multifilament of 24f multifilament d was obtained. On the other hand, for comparison, 75d/24f with a round cross section made of polyester alone was spun. When the resulting multifilament was subjected to an alkali weight loss test, the results shown in FIG. 5 were obtained. That is, as is clear from the figure, each composite multifilament yarn according to the present invention has a reduction rate of 25% in alkali weight loss in about 20 minutes due to the weight loss rate of the polyester polymer and cation dyeable compared to the comparison yarn with round cross section made of polyester alone. % weight loss, and uneven portions can be created on the fiber surface. (Effects of the Invention) As described above, compared to the conventional method for manufacturing composite multifilaments, the method for manufacturing composite multifilaments of the present invention has a remarkable foreign dyeing effect due to the randomization of the surface exposed area of the obtained multifilaments, especially in color. , a composite multifilament that has an extremely unique manufacturing method that exhibits a spiral effect, exhibiting excellent effects on irregularities such as color tone, gloss, unevenness, and texture, and creating a spun-like iridescent color tone in the knitted fabric. It is hoped that the manufacturing process will be put to practical use in the future.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the mouthpiece of the thread protection device used in the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the nozzle plate taken along line X-X' in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are views of the multifilament according to the present invention. Each cross-sectional view and FIG. 5 are charts showing the results of the alkali weight loss test. 1... Spinneret pack, 2... Grid, 3... Distribution plate, 4... Mixing plate, 5... Spinneret, 11, 12
...Reservoir, 13, 13'...Filter, 14,
14'...Guiding hole, 15,15'...Guiding hole outlet, 1
6, 16'...Distribution plate guide hole, 17...Central part of mixing plate, 18, 19...Static kneading element, 20...Kneading element outlet, 21...Spinning hole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of mixing two types of fiber-forming synthetic polymers and spinning a composite multifilament consisting of laminated filaments of both polymers, which have mutual affinity and have different dyeability. I made it to 2
After separately melting the various fiber-forming synthetic polymers and then forming the two polymers into a composite state through a static kneading element having 1 to 4 elements, the fiber-forming synthetic polymers have at least 6 or more irregularly shaped spinning holes. A method for producing a composite multifilament characterized by spinning it from a spinneret. 2. The method for producing a composite multifilament according to claim 1, wherein the two separately melted fiber-forming synthetic polymers are polyesters having mutual affinity and having different dyeability. 3. The method for producing a composite multifilament according to claim 1, wherein the two separately melted fiber-forming synthetic polymers are polyamides having mutual affinity and having different dyeability. 4. The method for manufacturing a composite multifilament according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of static kneading elements is 2 to 3.