JPH0232107B2 - YOSETSUKAISAKISEIKEIKENSAKUSOCHI - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application: The present invention relates to a grinding device that can rationally perform ancillary work associated with welding in the process of manufacturing high-pressure containers and the like. Incidental work associated with this welding includes shaping of the groove forming part, grinding of the weld bead, gas cut surface, etc.

Conventional technology: Conventionally, in structures such as boilers and high-pressure vessels where large stress is generated in processed plate materials, butt joints such as X-shaped, U-shaped, or H-shaped have been used to ensure sufficient strength of the welded joints. In the case of this type of joint, tack welding is performed from one side and then main welding is performed from the rear outside or inside, so the weld oxide film or slag on the tacked part is removed from the groove on the side where the tack is applied. need to be removed,
In the past, this was manually ground and removed using a grinder or the like, but such an operation is undesirable because it has low workability and tends to result in uneven grinding. In particular, with improvements in work efficiency, various tasks have been automated, and unless manual work is required, it has become difficult to rationally produce homogeneous products, and the work environment has become From the standpoint of safety and health, it is required to automate each operation related to welding work.

Naturally, it would be possible to use a grinder that can operate the grinder automatically to perform the grinding process, but certain conditions must be met when preparing bevels for welding large-diameter can bodies and processing surfaces using gas cutting. Therefore, unmanned operation using a grinding wheel that rotates at high speed is extremely dangerous as there is a risk of damaging the grinding wheel if side pressure due to center runout acts on the grinding wheel. However, it is extremely difficult to operate a grinding wheel automatically, and therefore, the automatic devices for this type of working machine have not yet been put into practical use.

Purpose of the Invention: The present invention has been made in view of the current situation, and is characterized in that a grinding wheel that performs contact grinding operation on a surface to be ground performs almost uniform pressure grinding with a set grinding amount, and , the contact state of the grinding wheel is adjusted according to the situation of the grinding part by displacing the shaft center, that is, swinging within an appropriate range, and moving the grinding wheel in the axial direction, thereby preventing excessive side pressure from being applied to the rotary grinding wheel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can automatically perform grinding at a target location without any action.

Structure of the invention: In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, as a device for grinding and shaping a groove for forming a weld joint, etc., a support body adapted to correspond to the part to be ground and shaped of a workpiece is provided. , a base of a support mechanism is attached that is rotatably displaceable in a direction in which the grinding wheel can move forward and backward relative to the part to be ground, and a cantilevered grinding wheel and its drive mechanism are mounted on the tip of the support mechanism. A grinding base is pivotally mounted so that the axis of the grinding wheel can be appropriately angularly displaced on a horizontal plane, and a grinding pressure operation cylinder for the grinding wheel is interposed between the grinding base portion and the support mechanism. and connect each other,
A depth of cut setting mechanism is attached to the side of the grinding wheel, which is supported by a grinding base and has a roller at the tip that can move forward and backward to set the depth of cut. It is supported so that it can be moved by an appropriate amount.

In the present invention, for grinding on the outer periphery of a cylindrical body such as a can body, the working angle can be set by pivotally supporting the intermediate part on a bracket attached to a support installed at any position in the workplace as a support mechanism. The support arm is the main body, and the tip of this arm pivots the upper end of a hanging arm that protrudes upward from the grinding base, and the grinding base is rotatably attached to the lower part of the hanging arm. A bearing device is attached to the front part of the base, and a drive motor is attached to the rear part of the base, and the grinding wheel is supported by the bearing device so that its support shaft can be moved left and right from the neutral position with the required width, and the grinding wheel is driven by the motor. and a grinding wheel neck formed by a reciprocating mechanism in which a grinding wheel support shaft is inclined with respect to a rotating support portion of the hanging arm between the lower end of the hanging arm and the grinding base. A swinging device is attached, and a grinding and pressurizing operation cylinder is interposed between one end of the arm protruding from the upper end of the hanging arm and the upper rear end of the support arm, and the two are connected to each other.

In addition, in the present invention, for grinding the inner periphery of a can body, etc., a support frame in the form of a face plate is attached to the tip of the support body that can be inserted into the workpiece from the outside. A support arm is attached perpendicularly to the lower front surface and its base end is rotatably attached to protrude, and the tip of this support arm is bent so that it is located above the grinding wheel attachment, and a boss attached to the tip of the support arm is attached. A grinding base is rotatably suspended by a shaft pin, a bearing device is provided at the lower end of the grinding base parallel to the rotation axis of the support arm, and a grinding wheel drive motor is mounted on the upper part of the grinding base. is installed, and the grinding wheel is driven by the motor by supporting its support shaft with a bearing device so that it can move left and right from the neutral position over the required width, and between the intermediate part of the support arm and the grinding base. is equipped with a grinding wheel oscillation device consisting of a reciprocating mechanism in which the grinding wheel support shaft is tilted with reference to the rotating support part for suspending the grinding base, and the grinding base and the support frame are ground. The configuration is such that they are connected by a pressure-operated cylinder.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the structure of the support body changes depending on the purpose of the work, so the structure of the support mechanism for the support body can be arbitrarily changed as necessary.
Ensuring that work can be carried out smoothly.

Embodiments: Next, the apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings based on embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic technical configuration of the present invention, and the device includes an arm 5 protruding from a support 1, and a rotatable support 5a attached to the tip of the device for grinding. A base 10 is attached to the grinding base 10, and a support shaft bearing 13 of a grinding wheel 20, a drive motor M, and its drive mechanism are mounted and attached to the grinding base 10.
A grinding pressure cylinder 7 is interposed between the grinding and the mounting base 3 attached to the grinding base 10, and the grinding wheel 20 is brought into contact with or withdrawn from the workpiece (bevel) B through the grinding base 10. The support shaft 16 of the grinding wheel 20 can be displaced to the left or right by an appropriate amount in the axial direction at the support bearing 13 thereof, and normally returns to the neutral position. At the end of the arm 5 that supports the grinding base 10, a long roller 35 for regulating the depth of cut of the grinding wheel 20 and its adjustment means 30 are attached, and the arm 5 is connected to the supporting portion 5b. It can be displaced in other appropriate places,
The entire device, especially the grinding wheel 20, floats during the grinding operation on the part to be ground, so that the grinding work of the target part can be carried out without any lateral pressure acting on the rotating grindstone.

According to this device, when performing shaping grinding inside a welded groove of a can body, for example, by setting the grinding wheel at a desired position, regulating the amount of grinding cut, and operating the drive, the groove can be cut. The grinding wheel grinds the groove while applying a predetermined pressure in response to the condition, thereby ensuring that the objective can be achieved.

To explain the device of the present invention more specifically, what is shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 is a grinding device for a weld groove inside a can body, etc., and the support 1A is a device for grinding inside a weld groove inside a can body A to be processed. It is an arm-shaped thing that can be inserted, and its tip is equipped with a mounting part 1d equipped with a vertical position adjustment mechanism 1a and an elevation adjustment mechanism 1b (it is not necessary to attach these mechanisms). ), the mounting base 3 is fixed to this mounting portion 1d, and the arm support shaft 4 is attached to the front lower part of the mounting base 3.
is fixedly protruding parallel to the axis in the standard state of a grinding wheel support shaft 16 (described later), and a base bearing box 5' is fitted and supported on this arm support shaft 4, so that a support arm 5 is attached and protrudes forward. There is. This arm 5 is bent appropriately so that its tip is positioned above the grinding wheel 20, and a vertical bearing boss 5'' is attached to the tip of the arm, and a bearing fitted into the bearing boss 5'' is attached to the arm 5. A grinding base 10 is suspended by supporting the vertical shaft 6.

The grinding base 10 has a horizontal main member 11 having a seat 11' for mounting the vertical shaft 6, a support member 12 in the vertical direction, and a grinding wheel support shaft 1 directly below the horizontal main member 11.
A hydraulic cylinder 7 for grinding pressure is installed between a protruding piece 14 attached to the end of the horizontal main member 11 and a bracket 3' protruding from the upper end of the mounting base 3. The grinding base 1 is connected to the grinding base 1 by this fluid pressure cylinder 7.
0 is supported in a predetermined state. A motor M is attached to the upper part of the support member 12, and a pulley 22 attached to the output shaft M' of the motor M and a pulley 23 attached to the outer shaft end of the grinding wheel support shaft 16 are provided with a timing belt 24, for example. The grinding wheel 20 is rotated at high speed by wrapping the wound conductor around it. The grinding wheel support shaft 16 consists of a core shaft 16' to which the grinding wheel 20 is attached at one end, and a tube shaft 16'' that is fitted onto the core shaft 16' and is integrally formed in the rotational direction so as to be movable only in the axial direction. The tube shaft 16'' is rotatably supported in the housing 13 by bearings 13', 13'. The rear part of the core shaft 16' is stepped, and between the stepped part and the sliding key 17,
and nut 1 with tube shaft 16″ end and core shaft 16′ end fitting.
Coil springs 18, 18 are fitted between the wheels 7' and 7' so that the coil springs 18 and 18 each have the same thrust force, and the grinding wheel 20 is normally in a predetermined neutral position.
It has a configuration that allows it to move in the axial direction, albeit with a small size, due to side pressure acting on the shaft.

A mounting piece 31 is protruded sideways from the outside of the tip boss 5'' of the support arm 5, and a small reduction motor 3 is mounted on the mounting seat 31' attached to the end of the mounting piece 31.
2 and a linear motion body 33 driven by the motor 32, and a drive rod 3 of the linear motion body 33 is attached.
A grindstone cutting amount limiting mechanism 30 equipped with a caster 34 having a powerful function is provided at the lower end of the grindstone 3'.
Further, a grinding wheel swinging operation mechanism 40 is attached to the support arm 5 at an intermediate position adjacent to the boss 5''.
The swinging operation mechanism 40 includes a slide holder 41 of an appropriate length attached to the end of a connecting piece 44 that extends orthogonally from the main member 11 of the grinding base 10 through the center of rotation at the boss 5'' at the bottom, and a slide holder 41 of an appropriate length. It consists of a screw shaft 42 that is inserted in the longitudinal direction of the holder 41 and is rotatably supported, and a slider 43 that is screwed onto the screw shaft 42 and can slide along the guide groove of the slide holder 41. , on this slider 43 there is an arm 5
A vertical rod 45 whose upper end is received and supported by a nut 45' is directly connected to the rod. 46 is a screw shaft 42
The operating handle 15 is a grinding wheel cover.

The operation of the grinding device configured in this way is to remove the weld metal protruding into the groove B and the molten metal on the inside of the can bodies A, which have been grooved in advance, butted together and tack-welded from the outside. When preparing the welded area by removing slag etc., attach support 1A to can body A.
The position of the grinding wheel 20 is set so that it fits within the groove B, and the cutting amount of the grinding wheel 20 is determined by driving the linear motion body 33 by the motor 32 of the adjacent grinding wheel cutting amount limiting mechanism 30. It is determined by adjusting the amount of tension of the caster 34.
After that, when the drive motor M of the grinding wheel is started, the grinding wheel 20 is rotated at high speed via its support shaft 16 by winding drive, and the can body A is slowly rotated by a well-known support rotation means. By moving the groove B, the deformed portion inside the groove B can be ground by the grinding wheel 20, and the deformed portion inside the groove B can be ground to a state that does not interfere with the actual welding. At this time, the grinding wheel 20
A pressurizing force is constantly applied by the fluid pressure cylinder 7 for pressurization, and a restriction mechanism 30 restricts the cutting to prevent excessive cutting. The grinding base 10 is moved up and down by the pressurizing fluid pressure cylinder 7, and the support arm 5 is connected to the arm support shaft 4 at the bearing box 5' at the base via the boss 5'' that supports the hanging vertical shaft 6. The whole body rotates as
It can be displaced without any problem, and therefore, the depth of cut of the grinding wheel 20 can be arbitrarily adjusted according to the depth of the groove abutting portion by adjusting the depth of cut limiting mechanism 30.

During the process of automatically grinding the inside of the groove B, if the groove runs out in the circumferential direction of the can body A (workpiece) and deviates from the normal setting state, the grinding wheel 2
0 is movable in the axial direction by interposing coil springs 18, 18 between the core shaft 16' and the tube shaft 16'' at the support shaft 16, so that the workpiece can be moved in response to the deviation of the groove B. As the coil spring 18 rotates, it is displaced in the lateral direction, and grinding can be performed without applying large side pressure to the grinding wheel 20. Even if slippage occurs in either the left or right direction, the coil spring 18 is moved from the neutral position as a reference, as described above. , 18, the core shaft 1
6' functions to automatically correct, allowing shaping within the groove without causing any hindrance to the grinding work.

In addition, when performing this groove internal grinding, in the case of a shape with a curved surface such as an X-shape or a U-shape, a grindstone with a curved peripheral surface is used. In addition, when grinding and shaping the inclined surface of a V-shaped bevel or a workpiece whose end is gas-fused to form a bevel, use the handle 46 attached to the end of the screw shaft 42 of the oscillating operation mechanism 40. When the screw shaft 42 is rotated in a required direction, the slider 43 screwed onto the screw shaft 42
is attached to the arm 5 via the vertical rod 45, the screw shaft 42 and its supporting slide holder 41 side are moved and displaced, and as a result, the grinding base main unit is integrally attached to the slide holder 41 via the connecting piece 44. The member 11 rotates around the vertical shaft 6, and the grinding wheel 20 rotates at a required angle (in the embodiment, from the neutral position to the left and right, respectively).
10°) Can be used by swinging the head.

Next, Figures 5 to 7 show a device for grinding the weld groove on the outside of can bodies, etc. The basic function is the same as that described above, but the grinding wheel is in contact with the workpiece. Since the contact relationships are different, the support configurations are different. Therefore, the same parts as in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The support 1B is installed at a required distance from the center of the turning device (not shown) of the workpiece A in a state perpendicular to the turning device (not shown). is supported. The support arm 50 of the device of the present invention has an appropriate length and is pivotally supported at its intermediate portion by a support pin 9 at the tip of a support bracket 8, and is provided with a clamp 51 so as to be fixed at a predetermined angle. A suspension arm 26 of the grinding base 10' is supported by a pin 52 at the tip of the support arm 50, and the suspension arm 26 has a shape bent rearward (to the left in the figure) as shown in FIG. A boss 27 is provided in the section with its axis line perpendicular to the work surface, and a support shaft is rotatably supported by the boss 27, and the grinding base 10' is integrated with the support shaft.
1" is arranged at the front position, and this main member 1
1″ is the bearing housing 13 of the grinding wheel 20.
is attached, and by means of the bearing housing 13, a grinding wheel support shaft 1 consisting of a double shaft having the same structure as that of the above-mentioned example is mounted.
6 is supported by a bearing. Of course, the core shaft 16' to which the grinding wheel 20 is attached is arranged so as to float left and right. The grinding wheel 20 is arranged so that its center is located on the axis passing through the center of the boss 27 for supporting the grinding base 10', and
A grinding wheel drive motor M is mounted on a support member 12' extending rearward from 1'', and a pulley 2 is attached to its output shaft and the end of the grinding wheel support shaft 16, respectively.
A belt 24 is wound between 2 and 23 for conduction.

Such a grinding base 10' is attached to the hanging arm 2.
A pressure cylinder 7 driven by fluid pressure is interposed between a lever piece 26' protruding from the top of the upper end of the support arm 50 and a support piece 50'' erected on a bracket 50' projecting from the rear end side of the support arm 50. Connected, hanging arm 2
A support rod 47 is passed through and supported in the front-rear direction by a projecting piece 44' that is vertically installed at the bottom of the boss 27 of No. 6, and a threaded shaft 4 with a handle 46 is attached to a female screw 43' attached to the tip of the support rod 47.
2 is screwed together and supports this screw shaft 42.
1' is connected to the grinding base 10', and by rotation of the screw shaft 42, the grinding base 1 is
A grinding wheel tilting oscillation mechanism 40' is provided which allows the entire grinding wheel to be tilted approximately 10 degrees from a neutral position to both sides with respect to a shaft fitted and supported by a boss 27 as a reference. Furthermore, a mounting seat is provided on the outside of the boss 27 of the hanging arm 26 via a mounting piece 37, and a small reduction gear motor 3 is mounted on this mounting seat.
2 and a linear moving body 3 driven by the motor 32
6 is attached, and the drive rod 36' of the linear motion body 36 is attached.
A grindstone cutting amount limiting mechanism 3 is provided with a roller 35 attached to the tip to limit the grinding wheel cutting amount in relation to the work surface.
0' is provided. 15' is a grindstone cover, and 51' is a clamp operation handle.

The function of the grinding device constructed as described above is to grind and shape the inside of the groove on the outside in the same way as in the previous embodiment of can bodies A with grooves formed in advance butted together and tack welded from the inside. , the workpiece corresponds to the grinding wheel position, and while rotating the workpiece at an appropriate speed, the grinding wheel depth of cut is set by operating the grinding wheel cutting amount limiting mechanism 30', and the center of the grinding wheel 20 is aligned with the center of rotation of the workpiece A. (see Figure 5),
While rotating the grinding wheel 20 at high speed by the motor M,
By operating the pressurizing cylinder 7 and rotating the hanging arm 26 about the pin 52 via the lever piece 26', the grinding wheel 20 is moved to the target position.
Grinding work is carried out by pressing the grinding wheel 20, and when vibration occurs during grinding within the groove, the grinding wheel 20 is pressed as in the previous embodiment.
is self-correcting by floating from side to side due to the spring force attached to the support shaft 16 of the double structure, so that excessive external pressure does not act on the grinding wheel.
This allows for smooth grinding.

When grinding the inclined surface of the groove, the swinging operation mechanism 40' may be operated to displace the grinding wheel 20 by a required angle on a plane passing through the axis of the boss 27 with reference to the support shaft.

In the above embodiments, the mechanical parts that operate to displace, such as the grinding wheel and its support, are equipped with an electrical limit switch, etc., and are electrically controlled.
The grinding wheel is actuated by the side pressure applied to the bevel, and the hydraulic cylinder that applies grinding force to the grinding wheel via the grinding base is also operated by the depth of cut limiting mechanism. By attaching a working fluid supply system control means to the pressurized cylinder, it can be controlled freely and can be useful for automation. Also,
By attaching a dust suction duct (not shown) to the grinding wheel cover 15 and connecting this duct to a dust collector, grinding dust will not be scattered around and the working environment can be maintained in a sanitary manner.

Furthermore, the support body for supporting the grinding device as described above can be attached to necessary equipment such as a manipulator or a mobile support device, depending on the shape of the workpiece and work conditions, so that it can be automatically controlled as a robot. You can also configure it without any options.

Effects of the invention: As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, when moving and grinding the part to be ground of the workpiece, the depth of cut of the grinding wheel is equal to the depth of cut at the position adjacent to the part to be ground. The limiting mechanism can be set arbitrarily, so that excessive cutting is not performed, and the grinding process is performed by applying almost uniform pressure to the grinding wheel. At this time, the grinding wheel has a support shaft that is aligned with its axis at its bearing. The support structure of the grinding unit mechanism is configured to be movable in the vertical and horizontal directions. ), no excessive side pressure is applied to the grinding wheel, so there is no damage to the grinding wheel. What's more, it automatically adjusts to match the surface to be machined, allowing for reliable grinding and shaping. In addition, the grinding wheel can be oscillated within an appropriate range depending on the work situation for inclined grinding, so it is possible to perform inclined grinding by oscillating the grinding wheel within a suitable range, so it is possible to perform edge grinding of welds, shaping inside grooves, etc.
By the combination of the device of the present invention and its support,
Work such as shaping the weld groove, which was conventionally done manually, can be easily automated, saving labor and streamlining the work, greatly contributing to improving the accuracy of welding processing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic technical configuration, Fig. 2 is a partially vertical front view of a device for grinding inside a cylindrical workpiece, Fig. 3 is a plan view, Fig. 4 is a view from the left side of Fig. 2, Fig. 5 is a front view of a device that grinds on the outside of a cylindrical workpiece, Fig. 6 is a plan view, and Fig. 7 is a plan view. The figure is a view of FIG. 1, 1A, 1B...Support body, 3...Mounting base, 4
...Arm support shaft, 5,50...Support arm, 5'...
Bearing box, 5″... Bearing boss, 5a... Rotatable support portion, 6... Vertical shaft, 7... Fluid pressure cylinder for pressurization, 8... Support bracket, 9... Support pin, 10,
10'...Grinding base, 11, 11'...Main member, 13
...bearing housing, 16...grinding wheel support shaft, 16'
…Core shaft, 16″…Tube shaft, 18…Coil spring, 20
... Grinding wheel, 22, 23... Pulley, 26... Hanging arm, 27... Bearing boss, 30, 30'... Grinding wheel cutting amount limiting mechanism, 32... Motor, 33, 36... Linear motion body, 34... Caster, 35... Laura, 4
0,40'... Grindstone swing mechanism, A... Workpiece, B...
Bevel.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device for grinding and shaping a groove for forming a welded joint, etc., in which a support body adapted to correspond to the part to be ground and shaped of the workpiece has a direction in which the grinding wheel can move forward and backward with respect to the part to be ground and shaped. A base of a support mechanism that can be rotated is attached to the base of the support mechanism, and a grinding base on which a cantilevered grinding wheel and its drive mechanism are mounted is attached to the tip of the support mechanism. A grinding wheel oscillation mechanism is adjacently attached and pivoted so as to be able to appropriately angularly displace the grinding wheel in a horizontal plane, and the grinding base portion and the appropriate position of the support mechanism are connected through a grinding pressure operation cylinder for the grinding wheel. A depth of cut setting mechanism is attached to the side of the grinding wheel with a roller attached to the tip of a rod that is supported by the grinding base and can be moved back and forth by a motor that sets the amount of grinding cut. 1. A welding groove shaping and grinding device, characterized in that the welding groove shaping and grinding device is supported so as to be able to move laterally by an appropriate amount in an axial direction from a neutral position.