JPS60249570A - Weld bevel shaping grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automate the grinding work without applying side pressure onto a grinding wheel thus to save manpower by providing a mechanism for moving the grinding wheel freely in the axial direction and the pressurizing direction onto the cutting face with correspondence to the condition at the grinding portion such as bevelling ina weld bevel shaping grinder. CONSTITUTION:In the grinding machine, an arm 5 is projected from a supporter 1 and a grinding base 10 is fixed through supporting section 5A at the tip. The supporting shaft bearing 13 for a grinding wheel 20, a drive motor M and its drive mechanism are mounted on said base 10 while a pressurizing cylinder 7 is placed between the fixing base 3 to contact or retract the grinding wheel 20 against the portion B to be machined. The supporting shaft 16 of the grinding wheel 20 is displacable to the left and right in axial direction at the bearing 13 and normally resets to the neutral position. A profile roller 5 for limiting the cutting amount of grinding wheel 20 and its regulating means 30 are provided at the end of the arm 5 which is displaced at the joint with the supporting section 5b thus to grind the entire apparatus while floating.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application: The present invention relates to a grinding device that can rationally perform ancillary work associated with welding in the process of manufacturing high-pressure vessels and the like. Incidental work associated with this welding includes shaping of the groove forming part, grinding of the weld bead, gas cut surface, etc.

Conventional technology: Conventionally, in structures such as boilers and high-pressure vessels where large stress is generated in processed plate materials, butt joints such as X-shaped, U-shaped, or H-shaped have been adopted to ensure sufficient strength of welded joints. In the case of this type of joint, the temporary attachment is welded from one side, and the actual attachment is made from the rear outside or inside, so the weld oxide film or slag on the temporarily attached part is removed from the opening on the side where the actual attachment is made. It is necessary to remove it at the tip,
In the past, this was manually ground and removed using a grinder or the like, but such an operation is undesirable because it has low workability and tends to result in uneven grinding. In particular, with improvements in work efficiency, various tasks have been automated, and unless manual work is required, it has become difficult to rationally produce homogeneous products, and the work environment has become increasingly difficult. From the safety and health standpoint, each operation related to welding work is required to be marked J.

Therefore, it is natural to think of using a grinding device that can automatically operate the Kokoke grinder, but certain conditions must be met when processing surfaces such as bevels for welding large diameter can bodies and gas cutting. Therefore, unmanned operation using a grinding wheel that rotates at a high speed is extremely dangerous as there is a risk of damaging the grinding wheel if side pressure due to center runout acts on the grinding wheel. It is difficult to automatically operate a bottom grinding wheel by any means, so no self-driving machine for this type of work machine has been put into practical use until now.
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Purpose of the Invention: The present invention has been made in view of the current situation, and is characterized in that a grinding wheel that performs a contact grinding operation on a surface to be ground performs almost uniform pressure grinding with a set amount of grinding. In response to the situation of the contact state of the grinding wheel, the shaft center is displaced, that is, the oscillation occurs within an appropriate range, and the grinding wheel is moved in the axial direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can automatically perform grinding at a target location without applying pressure.

Structure of the invention: In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a support body corresponding to the grinding part of the workpiece, which is rotatably displaceable in the direction in which the grinding wheel can advance and retreat with respect to the workpiece surface. The base of the support mechanism is attached, and the grinding base, which is cantilever-supported at the tip of the support mechanism and has a grinding wheel and its drive mechanism mounted thereon, is suspended from a mechanism that can tilt the axis of the grinding wheel within an appropriate range. A grinding pressure operation cylinder for the grinding wheel is interposed between the grinding base part and the support mechanism to connect them to each other, and a grinding cutting prison supported by the grinding base is provided at a side position of the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel is equipped with a cut II setting mechanism that can move forward and backward and has a roller attached to the tip, and the grinding wheel is supported by its support bearing so that it can be moved from the neutral position to the left or right as needed. .

In the present invention, for grinding on the outer periphery of a cylindrical body such as a can body, a bracket (K) is attached to a support installed at an arbitrary position 111 in the workplace as a support mechanism, and the working angle is set by bearing the middle part. The main body is a support arm that can be rotated, the upper end of a hanging arm that protrudes upward from the grinding base is pivotally supported at the tip of this arm, and the grinding base is rotatably attached to the lower part of the hanging arm. This grinding base is equipped with a trap bearing device 1i at the front and a drive motor at the rear, and the grinding wheel is supported by the bearing device so that its support shaft can be moved left and right from the neutral position over the required width. motor rK
A reciprocating mechanism is provided between the lower end of the hanging arm and the grinding base so that the grinding wheel support shaft is inclined with respect to the cutting support part of the hanging arm. A grinding wheel oscillating device is completely attached, and a grinding pressure operation cylinder is entirely interposed between one end of the arm protruding from the upper end of the hanging arm and the upper rear end of the support arm, which are interconnected.

In addition, according to the present invention, for grinding the inner circumferential portion of a can body, etc., the fc support can be inserted into the workpiece from the outside, and a face plate-like support frame is housed at the tip of the fc support. The support arm is protruded by attaching the proximal end perpendicularly to the front lower part of the support frame so that it can be rotated freely, and the tips of the support arms at C and C are bent so that the grinding wheel is installed at the upper part. A grinding base is rotatably suspended from a boss attached to the tip of the support arm by a shaft pin, a bearing device is provided at the lower end of the grinding base parallel to the rotational axis of the support arm, and a bearing device is provided at the lower end of the grinding base in parallel to the rotation axis of the support arm. A grinding wheel drive motor is attached to the grinding wheel, and the supporting shaft of the grinding wheel is supported by a bearing so that it can move left and right from a neutral position over a required width, and is driven by the motor. A grinding wheel oscillation device consisting of a reciprocating mechanism is installed between the intermediate part and the grinding base, and the grinding wheel support shaft is tilted with reference to the grinding base suspension rotation support part, and the grinding wheel swinging device is provided between the intermediate part and the grinding base. The base and support frame are connected by a grinding and pressurizing operation cylinder.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the structure of the support body changes depending on the purpose of the work, so the entire structure of the support mechanism for the support body FL can be arbitrarily changed as necessary to enable the work to be carried out smoothly.

Embodiments: Next, the apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings based on embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic technical configuration of the present invention. A grinding base (10) is attached to the grinding base (10) via (5a), and this grinding base (lO) includes the support shaft bearing 03 of the grinding wheel and #JA
One moving motor and its frame mechanism are mounted and attached, and the grinding base (Iυ) is mounted on the support (1). The grinding wheel is brought into contact with the workpiece (1) (immediate) Q3) through the grinding base, and the support shaft of the grinding wheel (2) is retracted. At the 0 portion of the support bearing, it can be displaced left and right by an appropriate amount in the axial direction, and normally returns to the neutral position IM. The end of the arm (5) that supports the grinding base is provided with a copying roller C11 for regulating the cutting depth of the grinding wheel group and its adjustment means, and the arm 16) is connected to its supporting portion (5b). The whole device, especially the end of the grinding wheel, floats during the grinding operation on the part to be ground, allowing grinding of the target part without applying lateral pressure to the rotating grindstone. .

According to this device, when performing shaping grinding within the welded tip of a can body, etc., the grinding wheel is set at the required position, the amount of grinding cut is regulated, and the drive operation is performed. The grinding wheel applies a predetermined pressing force according to the condition of the groove, so that the grinding wheel follows the groove and grinds to ensure that the entire purpose can be achieved.

Furthermore, to specifically explain the device of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 4!
Figure 4 shows a weld groove internal grinding device for the inside of a can body, etc., and the support (IA) is designed to allow the device to be inserted into the can body pronation. It belongs to
At its tip, there is a storage section (ld) equipped with an upper and lower section (I N 4M joint mechanism (1a) and a levitation adjustment mechanism (lb). For this installation, the IIX base (3) is fixed to the part (1d), and the arm support shaft (4) is attached to the lower front of the base (3) on the grinding wheel support shaft aQ (described later). The base bearing box (61) is fitted and supported by the arm support shaft (4), and the support arm ([I) is attached to protrude forward in parallel with the axis of the standard arm. The arm (6) is bent appropriately so that its tip is positioned above the grinding wheel, and a vertical bearing boss +
g+ is attached, a machined vertical shaft (6) is supported by a bearing fitted to the bearing boss +g+, and a grinding base (10I) is suspended through the vertical shaft (6).

Therefore, the L-grinding base (10) has a support member 0 in the vertical direction, and a grinding wheel support shaft directly below it, with respect to the seat (for the horizontal main member as shown in 16) where the vertical shaft (6) is attached. The support bearing housing (13) of Q1 is installed, and the horizontal main member (
+1! The protruding piece 114 attached to the end of the base plate (
3) A fluid pressure cylinder (7) for pressurizing grinding is connected and interposed between the bracket (protruding from the upper end) t3i, and this fluid pressure cylinder (y) Ic supports the grinding base t+o+ in a predetermined state. . A motor α ◇ is attached to the upper part of the support member (11J), and a timing belt, for example, is attached to the pulley attached to the output shaft of this motor (b) and the pulley attached to the outer shaft end of the grinding wheel support shaft. (Incorporated) winds a conductor around the grinding wheel so that it rotates at full speed.The grinding wheel support shaft is tilted between the core shaft α4, which holds the grinding wheel at one end, and the grinding wheel. It consists of a tube shaft αh that is fitted and integrated in the rotational direction and is movable only in the axial direction, and the housing Q is connected to the housing Q via this tube shaft Oi1.
It is rotatably supported by bearings A4 and O4. And the core axis a4 has a stepped part in the latter half, and the sliding key O
η and the nut α attached to the bent end of the pipe shaft and the end of the core shaft 04.
A fill spring (II fil) is fitted so that the force has an equal thrust between the two forces, and the grinding wheel is normally in a predetermined neutral position, and the side pressure acting on the grinding wheel causes a slight change in dimension. However, it has a structure that allows it to be moved in the axial direction, and is attached to the outside of the tip boss +g+ of the support arm (6) by protruding the mounting piece et+ laterally and attaching the end For installation, a small deceleration motor (Incorporated) and a linear motion body (C) driven by the motor (K) are attached to the seat @6, and the drive rod of the linear motion body (C) is attached to the lower end. is equipped with a grindstone cutting amount limiting mechanism equipped with caster cI4 having a copying function.Furthermore, a support arm ([
A grinding wheel oscillation operating mechanism is attached to the intermediate position of the post+e+Ik in 1). A slide holder [υ] of an appropriate length is attached to the end of the connecting piece that extends orthogonally at the bottom through the , a slider (roller) that can be screwed onto the screw shaft and slid in the guide groove of the slide holder ←]
A vertical rod is directly connected to the slider (c), the upper end of which is received and supported by an arm (5) with a nut. (A) is a screw shaft (42 operation handle, σ
0 is the grinding wheel cover.

The action of the grinding device configured in this way is to butt together the can bodies (A) with the grooves fully formed in advance and tack weld them from the outside, and then protrude into the groove (6) on the inside. To prepare the weld by grinding away the deposited metal and its slag, etc., push the support (IA) into the can body girth and adjust the position of the grinding wheel (to) inside the groove (6). The cutting amount of the grinding wheel is controlled by the motor C12 of the adjacent grinding wheel cutting amount limiting mechanism.
- Determine by driving and adjusting the amount of tension on the caster (to). After that, when the drive motor of the grinding wheel is started, the winding is driven to the support shaft α of the grinding wheel.
1, and the can body (A) is gently rotated by a well-known support rotation means, the deformed part inside the groove is ground by a grinding wheel inside the groove. ,
The ff1K can be trimmed and adjusted so as not to interfere with the actual welding. At this time, pressing force is constantly applied to the grinding wheel (4) by the pressurizing fluid pressure cylinder (7), and the limiting mechanism C (IK) restricts the grinding wheel (4) from making an excessive cut. The grinding base +101 is moved up and down by the pressurizing fluid pressure cylinder (7), and the support arm +51 is attached to the base of the grinding base +101 via the boss (C) that supports its hanging vertical shaft (6). The first part of the bearing hook +6' can rotate as a whole with the arm support shaft (4) as a reference and can be displaced without any problem. Therefore, the depth of the bevel abutment can be adjusted by adjusting the cutting depth limiting mechanism. The cutting depth of the grinding wheel can be adjusted arbitrarily.

During the self-help grinding process inside the groove (6), if the groove runs out in the circumferential direction of the can body (4) (workpiece) and deviates from the normal setting state, The grinding wheel has a coil spring 01 between its support shaft 01 and the core shaft (14) and the tube shaft αh.
9 Since it is movable in the axial direction with Q [9 interposed, it is displaced laterally as the workpiece rotates in response to the deviation of the bevel @), and a large side pressure is applied to the grinding wheel (AK). Even if there is a deviation in either the left or right direction, the core axis lI4 can be ground with the pressing force of the friend coil spring Q19 QlG using the neutral position as a reference as described above.
This works as a self-help correction, making it possible to shape the groove without interfering with the grinding work.

In addition, during the previous grinding, a curved surface such as an X-shape or a U-shape was provided, and in the case of a t7j shape, a grindstone with a curved surface is used. In addition, when grinding and shaping the inclined surface of a V-shaped bevel or a workpiece in which the end of the workpiece is gas-fused to form a bevel, the oscillating operation mechanism -
When the screw shaft ← 4 is rotated in the desired direction using the handle attached to the end of the screw shaft 142 ← Q, the slider that is threaded onto the screw shaft 15 is attached to the arm (6) through the 3 rods (9). Since K is installed, the screw shaft ■ and its supporting slide holder (6) side will be moved.
J displacement, and as a result, the grinding base main member (11), which is integrally attached to the slide holder @0 via the connecting piece, is attached to the vertical axis (
6), and the grinding wheel can be used by swinging by a required angle (in the embodiment, 10 degrees left and right from the neutral position).

Next, in Figures 5 to 7, 1 is a welding groove grinding device for the outside of a can body, etc., and its basic function is the same as that described above, but the grinding wheel for the workpiece is Since the correspondence relationship between the cars is different, the support structure is different. Therefore, the same parts as in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals.

The support (IB) is installed at a required distance from the center of the turning device (not shown) for the workpiece in a state perpendicular to the turning device (not shown). The grinding device of the present invention is pivotally supported at the tip. The support arm of the device of the present invention has an appropriate length, and its intermediate portion is pivoted to the tip of a support bracket (8) with a support pin 19), and a clamp i is attached so as to tilt it at a desired angle and fix it.
It is equipped with ll. At the tip of this support arm example, the suspension arm 2 of the grinding base ++ol is supported by pin Q) 2, and this suspension arm (4) has a shape bent backward (to the left in the figure) as shown in Figure 5. So, there is a boss t27+ at the bottom end.
The main member of the grinding base u4 (1τ ) is placed at the front position, and a grinding wheel (a) is placed at the front of this main component surface.
The bearing housing O is housed, and the bearing housing O
A grinding wheel support shaft θ, which is a double shaft having the same structure as the specific example described above, is supported by a bearing. Of course, the core shaft (16) to which the grinding wheel is attached is designed to float left and right.

The position of the grinding wheel (A) is such that its center is located on the axis passing through the center of the boss plate for supporting the grinding base (lO), and the support member (I21 The motor for the grinding wheel IIJ is installed on the
The winding is conducted by a belt between the goo IJ-T22E1 which is accommodated in the output shaft and the #11 portion of the grinding wheel support shaft a@.

Such a grinding base 06 is provided protruding from the top of the upper end of the suspension arm (to), and a fluid is generated between the nine lever pieces and the vertical support piece i on the bracket extending from the rear end side of the support arm. A pressure-driven pressure cylinder (7) is interposed and connected, and a support rod 147+ (44) is passed through and supported in the front-back direction through a vertical protrusion (44) at the bottom of the hanging arm boss 127). Screw the screw shaft 142 with the handle (4F5) into the female screw (4 holes) attached to the screw shaft (4 screws), and the frame body supporting the screw shaft (4 forces) is connected to the grinding base (14), and the screw shaft (6) The grinding wheel's tilting oscillation mechanism allows the shaft to be tilted by approximately 10 degrees to both sides from the neutral position as a reference for the whole shaft, which is fitted and supported by the entire grinding base NI through the internal thread I44. It is attached.In addition, there is a hanging arm (
At the outer position of boss A linear moving body M is attached to the part J, and a driving rod of the linear moving body M is attached, and at the tip of the driving rod there is a roller C that limits the cutting distance of the grindstone according to the workpiece.
(The grindstone cutting total limit mechanism marked with [9] is provided.

Uφ grindstone force, <-1eG clamp operation handle.

The action of the companion grinding device constructed as described above is that the can bodies (8) with the grooves fully formed in advance are brought together and tack-welded from the inside, and then the can bodies (8) with the grooves fully formed are brought into contact with each other from the inside, and then the can bodies (8) with the grooves fully formed are brought into contact with each other from the inside, and then the can bodies (8) with the grooves fully formed are brought into contact with each other from the inside. 417F When cutting and shaping, the workpiece is made to correspond to the grinding wheel position, and while rotating the workpiece at an appropriate speed, the grinding wheel cutting amount is set by operating the grinding wheel cutting total limit mechanism.
(see Fig. 5), the Eri grinding wheel G! 11 While rotating at high speed, rotate the pressurized cylinder (7) and rotate the hanging arm (c) through the lever piece around the bottle.
By displacing the grinding wheel -, the grinding wheel - is pressed against the target position to perform the entire grinding operation, and when vibration occurs during grinding within the groove, the grinding wheel 4 is supported by its double structure as in the previous example. It self-corrects by adjusting the axis (left and right due to the spring force attached at +ij), and smooth grinding can be performed without excessive external pressure acting on the grindstone.

When grinding the sloped surface of the groove, operate the oscillating operation mechanism to tilt the grinding wheel cA to the required angle with respect to the BOSS support shaft.

In the above embodiments, the mechanical parts such as the grinding wheel and its support part that operate by displacement are equipped with an electric limit switch, etc., and controlled electrically, and the side pressure acting on the grinding wheel is used to control the groove part. The working fluid supply system control means to the pressurized cylinder is added to the total depth of cut mechanism to cause the grinding wheel to operate in a similar manner, and also to operate the hydraulic cylinder that applies the full grinding force to the grinding wheel via the grinding base. By attaching it, it can be controlled freely and can be useful for self-help. In addition, if a dust suction duct (not shown) is attached to the grinding wheel cover and this duct is connected to the total dust collector, the grinding S will not be scattered around and the working environment will be maintained in a sanitary manner. can.

Furthermore, the grinding device i7 f! :The support for supporting the workpiece should be attached to the required equipment such as a manipulator or a mobile support mount, depending on the shape and construction conditions of the workpiece, and configured so that it can be controlled automatically by ψ1 as a robot. You can also get it without any option.

Effects of the invention: As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the workpiece is moved in accordance with the surface to be ground, but the depth of cut of the grinding wheel can be arbitrarily set at a position adjacent to grinding, and the grinding wheel is Grinding is performed by applying an almost uniform pressure force, and at this time, the grinding wheel is made to be able to move freely in the axial direction depending on the conditions of the grinding part, so that excessive side pressure is applied. It is possible to perform smooth grinding without being damaged, and it is also possible to perform inclined grinding by swinging the grinding wheel within a suitable range depending on the work situation. By combining it with the body, it is possible to easily automate this type of work that was previously done by American workers, saving labor and streamlining it, and it can be said to have a great industrial effect that can also help improve the accuracy of welding processing. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic technical configuration, Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional front view of a device for grinding inside a cylindrical lower workpiece, Third
The figure is a plan view, Figure 4 is a view from the left side of Figure 2, and Figure 5 is a top view.
The figure is a front view of a device for grinding on the outside of a cylindrical workpiece, FIG. 6 is a plan view, and FIG. +tl (IAXIB)...Support (3)...Installation -f=Panel (4)...Arm support shaft 16)--
・Support arm (5)...Bearing box (C)...
4III receiving boss (5a)... Rotatable support part (
6)... Vertical shaft (7)... Fluid pressure cylinder for pressurization
18)...Support bracket (9)...Support pin (
+o) ui...Grinding base u+H (1/+...Main parts...Bearing...Using inclination...Grinding wheel support shaft (16...Core Axis 0...Tube Shaft Wheel... ...Coil spring (4)...Grinding wheel (n□□□...Pulley (A)...Hanging arm...Bearing boss country -
... Grinding wheel cutting depth limiting mechanism □□□ ... Motor 9 -
La@cI (4d...Wheelstone swing mechanism (A)...Wheel)...Bevel

Claims (1)

[Claims] The support corresponding to the grinding part of the workpiece is equipped with the base of a support mechanism that can be rotated in the direction in which the grinding wheel can move forward and backward relative to the workpiece surface, and the tip of the support mechanism has a cantilever. A grinding base equipped with a supported grinding wheel and its drive mechanism is suspended so that the axis of the grinding wheel can be tilted within an appropriate range.
A grinding pressurizing operation cylinder for the grinding wheel is interposed and connected between the grinding pace part and a suitable position of the support mechanism, and a grinding depth of cut is set at a side position of the grinding wheel supported by a grinding base. A cutting depth setting mechanism with a roller attached to the tip of a rod that can be moved forward and backward by a motor is attached, and the grinding wheel is supported by its support bearing so that it can cut an appropriate amount horizontally from the neutral position to the left and right. Welding groove shaping and grinding equipment.