JPH0231616A - Artificial compost for raising seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve fertilizing efficiency by forming basal dressing while controlling the mixture ratio of a quick acting fertilizer and slow acting one corresponding to the raising period, the sowing time, etc. CONSTITUTION:A conveyor machine frame 9 is equipped with a compost tank 2, the first fertilizer tank 3 for putting a quick acting fertilizer in, the second fertilizer tank 4 for putting a slow acting fertilizer in and a stirring conveyor 8. Operation of respective motors 11 and 12 is controlled by operation of a lever 25 for controlling the mixture ratio of a controller 24 to adjust the mixture ratio of the fertilizers for feeding from the respective tanks 3 and 4 to the stirring conveyor 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to an artificial soil for raising seedlings for growing rice or various vegetables for transplantation.

``Prior Art J'' Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-22571, there has been a technique in which the main ingredient is mountain soil or paddy soil, with the addition of peat moss, humus, etc., and by mixing basal fertilizer.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" The above-mentioned prior art uses basal fertilizers with different mixing ratios of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium components to obtain seedling-raising results for cabbage and lettuce, but the seedling-raising period is Since it is constant for 32 days and conditions such as sowing time and seedling raising temperature are also constant, the composition of the base fertilizer can be varied depending on the region (cold or warm region) or the difference in sowing and seedling raising time such as early or normal season. In addition to this, it is also necessary to vary the components of the base fertilizer depending on the difference in the seedling-raising period, and in particular, the difference in the seedling-raising period requires additional fertilization, which poses problems such as difficulty in fertilization management.

For example, when raising rice seedlings for paddy fields, the leaf age is 2.0~
For young seedlings with 2.5 leaves and a plant height of 8 to 13 cm, the seedling growing period is 18 to 25 days, and for medium and adult seedlings with 3.7 to 4.5 leaves and a plant height of 14 to 20 cm. The seedling-raising period is 30 to 40 days, and the seedling-raising box (approximately 60 cm in height)
Table 1 below shows the standard amount of fertilizer applied per box.

However, the amount of soil per box is 2.5 to 3.0 cc, and the amount of budding rice for young seedlings is 350 to 450 cc (:C1) The amount of budding rice for medium seedlings and adult seedlings is 200 to 250 cc.

As is clear from Table 1 above, the base fertilizer was composed of ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen component, lime superphosphate as a phosphoric acid component, potassium sulfate as a potassium component, and Tachigaren powder, but as a base fertilizer. Since only fast-acting fertilizers were used, additional fertilization was required when growing medium-sized and adult seedlings, and
There have been problems such as the timing and number of days in which the effect of fertilization can be obtained is limited, and the base fertilizer is likely to be wasted.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' However, the present invention aims to improve the mixing ratio of fast-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer in artificial culture soil for seedlings, which is mainly composed of mountain soil or paddy soil and mixed with basal fertilizer. It is characterized in that the base fertilizer is adjusted according to the seedling-raising period or the sowing period.

``Action'' Therefore, since the basal fertilizer is composed of a combination of fast-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer, the required amount of fertilizer is consumed when needed depending on the seedling-raising period, etc. It is possible to easily save labor in seedling raising management by eliminating the need for additional fertilization when raising seedlings, and it is also possible to arbitrarily set the timing and number of days in which the effect of fertilization can be obtained, which prevents base fertilizer from being wasted and facilitates fertilization efficiency. This can be improved.

"Example" Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. 1st
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing the production of culture soil and the sowing of seedlings in seedling boxes. In the figure, Tl) is a platform production conveyor, and a culture medium tank (2) in which peat moss or humus is mixed with mountain soil or paddy soil. , a first fertilizer tank (3) containing a quick-release fertilizer formed into water-soluble solid particles by mixing a nitrogen component, a phosphoric acid component, and a potassium component; A second fertilizer tank (4) containing slow-release fertilizer formed into poorly water-soluble solid granules, and each tank +23
(Put the soil and fertilizer from 31+41 into the hopper (5
1 (61 (a stirring conveyor that supplies and mixes from 71)
8) are arranged in the conveyor machine frame (9).

Furthermore, motor (101 (shutter +13 opened and closed by 111 (12)) (141 (151) and motor (
16] (The feeding rollers (191 (20) (21) rotated by 171 (181) are connected to each tank (2).
1C31+41, and the stirring conveyor (8) is equipped with a drive motor (22) and a soil removal port (23).

In addition, the shutter f141 of the fertilizer tank +31 (4)
(The motor fill (12) for opening and closing 151 is connected to the controller (24), and each motor (i) is
ll+121, adjust the mixing ratio of fast-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer supplied from each tank (41) to the stirring conveyor (8), and adjust the mixing ratio of fast-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer to be supplied from each tank (41) to the stirring conveyor (8). It is designed to be mixed into the soil as a slow-release base fertilizer.

Furthermore, (26) in the figure is a seeding conveyor device, which includes a transfer conveyor (28) driven by a motor (27), and a seedling box feeder that automatically sends seedling boxes (29) to the starting end of the conveyor (28). (30), a bed-filling machine (34) equipped with a tank (31) into which the soil from the outlet (23) is placed, and a feed-out roller (33) rotated by a motor (32); ), a watering vibrator (35) for watering a seedling box (29) filled with soil, a tank (36) for storing seeds such as sprouting paddy, and a seeding machine equipped with a feed roller (38) rotated by a motor (37). (39), a tank (40) for storing covering soil, and a feeding roller (4) rotated by a motor (41).
2) and a conveyor machine frame (44).
).

Then, the seedling raising box (2) is sent out from the feeder (30).
9), a bed-filling machine (
34), and after watering with a watering vibrator (35), seeds are sown with a seeding machine and covered with soil with a soil covering machine (43), which continuously sows the seedlings in the seedling box (29). It is configured as follows.

As mentioned above, a quick-release fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer are mixed to form a potting soil, and the potting soil is used to sow seeds in the seedling raising box (29). Seedling box (29
), and the chlorophyll of the leaves at the time of growth was measured using a chlorophyll meter. This shows the relationship between the effect of fertilization and the number of days for raising seedlings.

As is clear from Figure 2, when only fast-acting fertilizer is mixed into the soil, the fertilization effect as measured by a chlorophyll meter is approximately 20%.
It can be obtained for up to 25 days, and is suitable for growing young seedlings that will finish growing in about 18 to 25 days, and additional fertilization is required for growing seedlings for longer than that.

Furthermore, as is clear from Figure 3, when a fast-release fertilizer and a slow-release fertilizer are mixed into the soil, the fertilization effect measured by a chlorophyll meter is not obtained by the fast-release fertilizer for about 15 to 20 days. After about 20 days have elapsed, it is obtained by using a slow-release fertilizer, and it is possible to grow medium-sized seedlings and adult seedlings, which require a seedling-raising period of about 30 to 40 days, without additional fertilization.

In addition, the mixing ratio of slow-release fertilizer increases in proportion to the seedling-raising period, and if the sowing time is in a cold region or early compared to a warm region or normal season, the amount of both fast-release and slow-release fertilizers should be increased. It is clear that by doing so, the effect of fertilization necessary for seedling raising can be expected.

``Effects of the Invention'' As is clear from the examples above, the present invention has the advantage of increasing the mixing ratio of fast-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer in artificial culture soil for seedlings, which is made mainly of mountain or paddy soil and mixed with basal fertilizer. This is a basal fertilizer that is adjusted according to the seedling-raising period or sowing period, etc., and is a fast-acting fertilizer, making it easy to save labor in seedling-raising management by eliminating the need for additional fertilization even when raising paddy rice seedlings, where there is a large difference in the seedling-raising period. In addition, the timing and number of days in which the fertilization effect can be obtained can be arbitrarily set, the basal fertilizer can be prevented from being wasted, and the fertilization efficiency can be easily improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the production of soil and sowing in seedling boxes;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the fertilization effect and the number of days for raising seedlings. Applicant Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In artificial culture soil for raising seedlings, which is mainly composed of mountain soil or paddy soil and mixed with basal fertilizer, the basal fertilizer is formed by adjusting the mixing ratio of quick-release fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer depending on the seedling raising period or sowing period, etc. Artificial soil for raising seedlings characterized by: