JPH02311239A - Structure of chip collecting device of cutting equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To collect chips efficiently by forming a chip collecting chamber through surrounding a periphery of a tool with a casing fixed to an irrotational main spindle housing and by giving the collecting chamber high vacuum through increasing relative positional accuracy between the tool and the casing without any bearings for supporting the casing. CONSTITUTION:A casing 19 is supported accurately in axial and radial directions because an inserting aperture 19e is abutted against a bottom surface of a holding case 7, and a flange 19c is fitted and fixed to the lower periphery of the holding case 7. A groove for ring 11c is formed on an upper surface of a cutter body 11 and an inserted oil ring slidably contacts with a bottom surface of an end face 19b. An aperture of a shell 19a is able to be opened and closed, and a connecting surface of the cutter body 11 and a tip holder 12, a neighborhood of clamping plates and locating plates for tips 10 face outside, and a seal plate 25 is fixed to a lower end of the shell 19a. Consequently, suction of atmosphere is suppressed. A pipe 23 is connected to a lower part of a chip collecting chamber 22 and is bent upwards so as to communicate with a suction head via a vacuum passage.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a structure for collecting chips in a cutting device, and particularly to a casing mounting structure for improving the collection efficiency.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a cutting device for milling metal parts, there is a structure shown in FIG. 13 for collecting chips generated by cutting. This has a structure in which a recovery chamber 34 is formed by attaching a casing 33 to the outer periphery of a cutting tool 32 fixed to the lower end of a main shaft 31 via a ball bearing 36 so as to surround the cutting tool 32. .

Further, the recovery chamber 34 is connected to a negative pressure generator via a recovery passage 35. In this conventional device, the chips are sucked and collected through the collection chamber 349 and the collection passage 35 toward the negative pressure generator.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, since the conventional device described above has a structure in which the casing 33 is attached to the outer periphery of the cutting tool 32 that rotates at high speed via a ball bearing 36, there is a problem that the life of the hair ring 36 is short. In particular, when the cutting tool has a large diameter, the rotational speed of the hair ring increases accordingly, the amount of heat generated increases, and the life of the hair ring becomes shorter, making it impractical.

The present invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to efficiently collect the generated chips without scattering them around, and by devising the support structure of the casing, it is possible to eliminate the need for bearings. The purpose of this invention is to provide a highly practical chip collection structure for cutting equipment.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a structure for collecting chips generated by cutting in a cutting device in which a disk-shaped cutting tool is attached to the main shaft and a cutting blade is attached near the outer periphery of the cutting tool, and the cutting device has a structure for collecting chips generated by cutting. The present invention is characterized in that a recovery chamber is formed surrounded by a casing, the casing is fixed to the supporting portion of the main shaft, and the recovery chamber is communicatively connected to a negative pressure generator via a chip recovery passage.

[Effect]

According to the chip collection structure according to the present invention, the inside of the collection chamber is suctioned by the negative pressure generator to create a negative pressure, and the chips generated by cutting are sucked into the collection chamber without falling.
From here, it is transferred to the negative pressure generator side through the chip collection passage.

In the present invention, the casing is supported by the support part of the main shaft, that is, the non-rotating part of the device, so the hair ring as in the above-mentioned conventional example is not necessary, and therefore problems regarding the life of the bearing do not occur.

Here, the collection efficiency can be improved as the negative pressure in the collection chamber is increased, but for this purpose, it is necessary to make the gap between the outer periphery of the cutting tool and the lower end of the casing as narrow as possible. When narrowing the gap, there is a concern that interference between the cutting tool and the casing may occur depending on the design. In the present invention, since the casing is fixed to the support part of the main shaft to which the cutting tool is fixed at the lower end, the relative positional accuracy between the cutting tool and the casing can be extremely high, and therefore the above-mentioned gap can be easily narrowed, and the negative impact of the above-mentioned collection chamber can be reduced. The pressure can be increased.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 10 are diagrams for explaining a chip collection structure of a cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is a milling machine as a cutting device, 2 is a dust collector, and 3 is a blower as a negative pressure generating device, and these are connected through a first negative pressure passage 4a and a second negative pressure passage 4b. This first. The second negative pressure passages 4a and 4b constitute a chip collection passage 4 for sucking a collection chamber of the milling machine 1, which will be described later, into a negative pressure state and for transporting chips.

The above dust collection 1!2 includes the upper and lower cases 5a of the dust collection case 5,
A partition plate 5g is interposed between Sb, an air filter 5C is attached so as to surround the communication hole of the partition plate 5g, a hopper 5d is provided at the bottom of the dust collection case 5, and an opening/closing damper 5e is provided at the lower end of the hopper 5d. The structure is equipped with. Further, the dust collector 2 is supported by a support 5f at a height that allows the chip conveying cart 6 to be placed below the opening/closing damper 5e.

The blower 3 has a suction capacity sufficient to transport metal chips, and the dust collection case 5 is connected to the suction port 3a of the blower 3.
An upper case 5a, which is a secondary case, is connected in communication. In addition, if the second negative pressure passage 4b is configured to extend upward from the axis of the dust collection case 5 and then extend laterally downward, as shown in FIG. 12, the connection of the flange 4d can be made By changing the angle, the blower 3 can be placed at any position around the dust collector 2. Further, the operation panel for starting and stopping the blower 3 is used to control the blower 3 from the milling machine 1.
The milling machine 1 is started in conjunction with the milling machine 1 and stopped after a certain period of time has elapsed after the milling machine 1 stopped.

The cutting part 1a of the milling machine 1 has a vertically extending main shaft 8 rotatably supported by a holding case 7, which is a fixed part of the device, and a cutter 9, which is a disc-shaped cutting tool, at the lower end of the main shaft 8. is fixed, and a large number of chips 10, which are cutting blades, are attached to the periphery of the cutter 9 at predetermined pitches.

The cutter 9 has a two-part structure including a disc-shaped cutter main body 11 and an annular tip holder 12, and a fixing plate 13 is placed in a state where alignment marks A engraved on the outer peripheral surfaces of each are aligned. are combined with.

The cutter body 11 has a fitting recess 11a on the upper surface thereof fitted into the lower end of the main shaft 8, and a fastening bolt 14.
It is firmly supported on the main shaft 8 by screwing into the main shaft 8.

Further, the upper surface 12a of the tip holder 12 is fitted into a connecting portion 11b formed in a stepped manner on the outer periphery of the lower surface of the cutter body 11, and the inner periphery of the tip holder 12 is provided at equal angular intervals. Five engaging pawls 12b are provided protrudingly on.

This engaging claw 12b is supported from below by a pressing claw 13a of the fixing plate 13, and the fixing plate 13 is fastened to the cutter body 11 with fixing bolts 15. As a result, the tip holder 12 is fixed to the cutter body 11.

In addition, the chip 10 is fixed to the chip holder 12 by a holding plate 16a that is in contact with the back surface of the chip 10 with a fixing bolt 17a, and a positioning plate 16b that is in contact with the inclined upper surface of the chip 10 is fixed with a fixing bolt 17b. Also chip holder 1
2 so that the cutting edge 10a is positioned at a predetermined height.

Further, a guide plate 18 is arranged on the lower surface 12c of the tip holder 2 on the front side of the tip 10 in the rotational direction, and is fixed with a bolt 17C. A guide groove 18a is formed on the tip holder 12 side of the guide plate 18 to guide the chips to a collection chamber (to be described later), and a surface facing the tip 10 is provided with a surface for enlarging the cross-sectional area of the passage for chips. A recess 18b is formed. Further, a guide groove 12d is formed in the peripheral wall of the tip holder 12 in front of the tip 10 and above the guide plate 18 so as to be continuous with the guide groove 18a.

The outer peripheral surface and upper surface of the cutter 9 are surrounded by a casing 19 made of a damping steel plate. This casing 19 is
It is of a sheet metal mold in which a cylindrical body part 19a surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the cutter 9 at a predetermined interval and an end face part 19b covering the upper surface of the cutter 9 with a slight gap are integrally molded.

The casing 19 allows the inner circumferential edge of the insertion opening 19e formed in the end surface portion 19b to come into contact with the lower end surface of the holding case 7, and the flange portion 19c provided upright on the end surface portion 19b to contact the inner peripheral edge of the insertion opening 19e formed in the end surface portion 19b. It is positioned by fitting into the lower end circumferential surface and fixed with a set bolt 17d, whereby the casing 19 is supported by the holding case 7 with a predetermined positional accuracy in the radial and height directions. In order to ensure the positional accuracy of the casing 19 in the height and radial directions, as shown in FIG. It may be fixed by bolting to the lower end surface.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a ring groove 11c is formed on the upper surface of the cutter body 11.
The lip 20a of the oil ring 20 inserted into C is in sliding contact with the lower surface of the end surface portion 19b of the casing 19. Further, the base of the lip 20a is locked by a locking protrusion lid projecting inward from the outer upper edge of the ring groove 11c, thereby preventing the lip from being removed.

The body portion 19a of the casing 19 has an opening window 1.
9d is formed, and the opening window 19d can be opened and closed by a cover plate 21. When the cover plate 21 is opened, the cutter main body 11 and the tip holder 12 can be seen through the opening window 19d.
The alignment mark A formed on the mating surface and the vicinity of the holding plate 16a1 and the positioning plate 16b of the chip 10 face outward. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a ring-shaped seal plate 25 made of an elastic member is fixed to the lower end of the body 19a, and this is set at a height that contacts the surface of the workpiece during cutting. has been done. This seal plate 25 is for suppressing outside air from being sucked into the recovery chamber and ensuring suction force.

Furthermore, the body 19a of the casing 19 and the cutter 9
An annular space surrounded by the outer peripheral surface of the chip is a chip collection chamber 22, and a pair of suction pipes 23 are connected to the bottom of the collection chamber 22, that is, at a position close to the area where cutting is performed. There is. When viewed from the bottom (see FIG. 2), this suction pipe 23 extends horizontally in the tangential direction of the body 19a and in the forward direction of cutter rotation (indicated by the arrow), and is bent upward by an arc-shaped elbow pipe. It extends further upward, and its upper end is connected via an opening/closing pulp 24 to a suction header 4c connected to the upstream end of the first negative pressure passage 4a.

Next, the effects of this embodiment will be explained.

When the milling machine 1 of this embodiment is started, the blower 3 is also started in conjunction with this, and this causes negative pressure to be applied to each passage 4b, 4a.
, 4c, and 23 to the recovery chamber 22, and the inside of the recovery chamber 22 is brought into a predetermined negative pressure state. When cutting starts, the chips generated at the cutting edge 10a of the insert 10 are
Due to the upward pushing blade and the above-mentioned negative pressure caused by the cutting mechanism, it is sucked into the recovery chamber 22 through the guide grooves 18a and 12d, and is ejected in the tangential direction of the cutter 9 due to centrifugal force to the suction pipe 23. From the suction header 4c.

and is sucked into the dust collector 5 via the first negative pressure passage 4a.

Then, only air is sucked into the second negative pressure passage 4b by the filter 5c, and the chips fall into the hopper 5d.
It is transported by a truck 6 to a swarf storage base or the like.

When replacing the tip 10 in the apparatus of this embodiment, loosen the fixing bolt 15 of the fixing plate 13, and remove the pressing claw 13a of the fixing plate 13 from above the engaging claw 12b of the tip holder 12. Rotate it about 40 degrees. Then, the tip holder 12 comes off the cutter body 11 together with the tip 10 and is removed downward. In this removed state, the fixing plates 17a and 17b of the holding plate 16d1 and the positioning plate 16b are loosened, and the chip 10 is replaced. Then, the chip holder 12 with the new chip 10 attached is fitted into the cutter body 11, and the alignment marks A of both are aligned while looking through the opening window 19d of the casing 19, and the pressing claw 13a of the fixed plate 13 is replaced with the engaging claw. 12b, and fix it with the fixing bolt 15. If you want to adjust the mounting height of the chip 10 while it is still mounted, open the cover plate 21 and the chip 10 will be visible through the opening window 19d, so you can adjust the height through the opening window 19d. It can be carried out.

In this embodiment, the cutter 9 is surrounded by the casing 19, and the recovery chamber 22 formed by the two is maintained in a negative pressure state, so that chips are prevented from falling onto the processing surface of the workpiece. It is possible to efficiently and reliably collect the workpiece by suctioning it into the collection chamber 22 without any damage, and as a result, damage to the processed surface of the workpiece due to cuts can be prevented.

Here, in the structure of this embodiment, the cutter 9 is surrounded by the casing 19 and the collection chamber 22 composed of both is made to have a negative pressure, so it is necessary to narrow the gap between the cutter 9 and the lower end of the casing 19. There is a concern that there will be interference between the two. In contrast, in this embodiment, the casing 19 is directly attached to the spindle holding case 7, and the insertion opening 19
Since a structure is adopted in which vertical positioning is performed by the inner circumferential edge of e and radial positioning is performed by the flange portion 19c, the relative positional accuracy between the two can be increased, and the gap can be narrowed without difficulty. This makes it possible to achieve high negative pressure in the recovery chamber 22 and improve chip recovery efficiency. Further, since the seal plate 25 is provided at the lower end of the casing 19, it is possible to suppress the entry of outside air into the recovery chamber 22, and from this point as well, high negative pressure can be achieved.

Furthermore, since the casing 19 is supported by the holding case 7, which is a non-rotating part of the device, there is no need for a bearing like in the conventional example described above, and therefore, problems due to the bearing life will naturally not occur. do not have.

Further, since the chamfered portion 18b is formed on the portion of the guide plate 18 facing the chip 10, the cross-sectional area through which chips pass is increased, and clogging of chips can be prevented.

Furthermore, since the guide groove 18a is formed in this guide plate 18 so as to communicate with the guide groove 12d on the chip holder 12 side, the flow of chips is smooth from these points as well, and the collection efficiency can be improved.

Furthermore, since this embodiment has a structure in which the cutter 9 and the tip 10 are surrounded by the casing 19, it is possible to prevent chips from scattering around, thereby improving the working environment.
Moreover, failure of the milling machine 1 itself can be prevented.

Furthermore, if the cutter is surrounded by a casing as in this embodiment, there is a concern that the casing may need to be removed when replacing the tip, depending on the design. However, in this embodiment, the force/vine 9 is divided into two parts, the cutter body 11 and the tip holder 12, and the tip holder 12 is used as the tip holder.
Since the entire chip 0 is removed, the chip can be easily replaced without removing the casing 19.

In the above embodiments, a milling machine was used as an example, but the scope of application of the present invention is of course not limited to milling machines, and can be applied to any machine tool that cuts by rotating a cutting tool equipped with a tip around its main axis. It can be applied to anything.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the chip recovery device for a cutting device according to the present invention, the outer peripheral portion of the cutting tool is surrounded by a casing to form a recovery chamber, and the casing is fixed to the main spindle support portion which is a non-rotating part of the device. Therefore, no hair ring is required to support the casing, thus eliminating problems caused by bearing life. In addition, since the casing is supported by the support part of the main shaft that supports the cutting tool, the relative positional accuracy between the casing and the cutting tool is high, and the gap between them on the opening side can be narrowed easily, resulting in high negative pressure in the recovery chamber. It becomes easier to
This has the effect of efficiently collecting the generated chips.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 10 are diagrams for explaining a chip collection structure of a milling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is a sectional side view thereof, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional bottom view thereof, and FIG. 3
The figure is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the recovery chamber, Figure 4 is a bottom view showing the state with the chip installed, and Figure 5 is a side view of the state with the chip installed.
Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the guide plate, Fig. 7 is a sectional side view of the casing installation section, Fig. 8 is a sectional side view of the oil seal section, Fig. 9 is a sectional side view of the seal plate section, and Fig. 9 is a sectional side view of the seal plate section. 11 and 12 are a cross-sectional side view, a side view, and a side view showing a modification of the above embodiment, respectively.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view showing a conventional chip collection structure. In the figure, 1 is a milling machine (cutting device), 3 is a blower (negative pressure generator), 7 is a holding case (main shaft support),
8 is the main shaft, 9 is the cutter (cutting tool), 10 is the tip (cutting blade)
, 19 is a casing. Patent applicant: Yamaha Motor Co., Ltd. Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A structure for collecting chips generated in a cutting device in which a disc-shaped cutting tool is attached to the main shaft and a cutting blade is attached near the outer periphery of the cutting tool, and the outer periphery of the cutting tool is covered with a casing. A chip collection structure for a cutting device, characterized in that the casing is enclosed to form a collection chamber, the casing is fixed to the supporting part of the main shaft, and the collection chamber is communicatively connected to a negative pressure generator via a chip collection passage. .