JPH02304215A - Bearing - Google Patents
BearingInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02304215A JPH02304215A JP12404589A JP12404589A JPH02304215A JP H02304215 A JPH02304215 A JP H02304215A JP 12404589 A JP12404589 A JP 12404589A JP 12404589 A JP12404589 A JP 12404589A JP H02304215 A JPH02304215 A JP H02304215A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- needle bar
- bearing
- shaft
- needle
- thermal expansion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum Chemical compound [Cr].[Mo] VNTLIPZTSJSULJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、セラミックス製の軸受を備えた軸受装置に関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a bearing device equipped with a ceramic bearing.
［従来技術］
従来、例えば、工業ミシンの軸受装置は、最高１０．０
０Ｏｒｐｍにもおよぶ高速運転で使用されている。この
使用条件に耐え得る軸受装置として、鏡面仕上げが可能
で、硬度が高く、油を含浸して、摩擦係数が小さく、耐
摩耗性が良好であるセラミックス製の軸受と、機械的強
度が高い金属に、溶射等の表面処理を施し硬度を上げ、
高速摺動に耐え得るようにした軸とを備えた軸受装置が
提案されている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, for example, a bearing device for an industrial sewing machine has a maximum resistance of 10.0
It is used for high-speed operation up to 0 rpm. Bearing devices that can withstand these usage conditions include ceramic bearings that can be mirror-finished, have high hardness, are impregnated with oil, have a low coefficient of friction, and have good wear resistance, and metal bearings that have high mechanical strength. Then, surface treatment such as thermal spraying is applied to increase the hardness.
A bearing device has been proposed that includes a shaft that can withstand high-speed sliding.
更に、軸と軸受との間のクリアランスは、作動時のガタ
を小さく、又潤滑油の漏れを少なくする為に、非常に小
さい値に設計されている。Furthermore, the clearance between the shaft and the bearing is designed to be extremely small in order to minimize backlash during operation and to reduce leakage of lubricating oil.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、前述した従来の軸受装置の摺動特性は１
．常温においては優れているが、運転が持続して摺動摩
擦による発熱がおこると、軸の熱膨張が軸受のそれより
大きい為に、軸と軸受との間のクリアランスが小さくな
るという問題があった。[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, the sliding characteristics of the conventional bearing device described above are 1.
．． Although it is excellent at room temperature, when operation continues and heat generation occurs due to sliding friction, the thermal expansion of the shaft is greater than that of the bearing, which causes the problem that the clearance between the shaft and bearing becomes smaller. .
その結果、軸と軸受との間に働く摩擦力が急激に増大し
、ついには軸と軸受とがロックしてしまい、運転不能に
至ることもあった。As a result, the frictional force acting between the shaft and the bearing increases rapidly, and eventually the shaft and the bearing become locked, sometimes resulting in an inoperable state.
又、摺動時の熱膨張によるクリアランスの減少を見込ん
で、あらかじめクリアランスを大きく取って組付けると
、初期作動時でのガタが大きく、常時適切なりリアラン
スを保つのは困難であった。Furthermore, if the assembly is assembled with a large clearance in advance in anticipation of a decrease in clearance due to thermal expansion during sliding, there will be large play during initial operation, making it difficult to maintain an appropriate clearance at all times.
上記の問題点について第３図を参照して、工業ミシンの
針棒と針棒メタルを例に取り詳説する。The above problem will be explained in detail with reference to FIG. 3, taking the needle bar and needle bar metal of an industrial sewing machine as an example.
第３図は、従来の針棒１１と針棒メタル１２との摺動部
を示す断面図である。針棒１１は、外径７．２關で、熱
膨張係数が１１． ７ Ｘ １０−”／’Ｃのクロムモ
リブデン鋼（ＳＣＭ４１５）から形成されており、針棒
メタル１２は、外径１０．８ｍｍで、熱膨張係数が４．
０ＸＩＯ−８／’Ｃの炭化硅素（Ｓ ｉ Ｃ）から形成
されている。針棒１１と針棒メタル１２とは、第３図（
Ａ）に示すように常温（２０℃）において直径に対して
４Ｍのクリアランスで組付けられている。 今、ミシン
の運転に伴う摺動摩擦による発熱により、針棒１１と針
棒メタル１２とが１００℃で定常状態になったとする時
、クリアランスの変化量は以下の様に算出される。FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a sliding portion between a conventional needle bar 11 and needle bar metal 12. The needle bar 11 has an outer diameter of 7.2 mm and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 11.2 mm. It is made of chromium molybdenum steel (SCM415) of 7 x 10-''/'C, and the needle bar metal 12 has an outer diameter of 10.8 mm and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 4.
It is formed from silicon carbide (S i C) of 0XIO-8/'C. The needle bar 11 and needle bar metal 12 are shown in Fig. 3 (
As shown in A), it is assembled with a clearance of 4M to the diameter at room temperature (20°C). Now, when it is assumed that the needle bar 11 and the needle bar metal 12 are in a steady state at 100° C. due to heat generation due to sliding friction during operation of the sewing machine, the amount of change in clearance is calculated as follows.
（（１１，７−４，０）ｘｔｏ−ａ） Ｘ （７，２ｘ
ｌＯ−３）ｘ （１００−２０） ＃４．４ｘｌＯ−’
つまり、８０℃の温度上昇により、初期のクリアランス
（４府）より、減少したクリアランス（４，４虜）の方
が大きく、第３図（Ｂ）に示すように、針棒メタル１２
の内径よりも針棒１１の外径が大きくなって、ロック現
象が起きる。((11,7-4,0)xto-a)
lO-3)x (100-20) #4.4xlO-'
In other words, due to the temperature increase of 80°C, the decreased clearance (4,4 holes) is larger than the initial clearance (4 holes), and as shown in Figure 3 (B), the needle bar metal 12
The outer diameter of the needle bar 11 becomes larger than the inner diameter of the needle bar 11, and a locking phenomenon occurs.
本発明は、上述した問題点を解決するためになされたも
のであり、温度変化による軸と軸受との間のクリアラン
スの変化を小さくおさえ、常時一定した摺動特性が得ら
れる軸受装置を提供することを目的としている。The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and provides a bearing device that suppresses changes in the clearance between the shaft and the bearing due to temperature changes and provides constantly constant sliding characteristics. The purpose is to
［課題を解決するための手段］
この目的を達成するために本発明の軸受装置は、セラミ
ックスにより形成された軸受と、その軸受の熱膨張係数
と同等もしくはそれ以下の熱膨張係数を有するインバー
合金により形成された軸とを備えている。[Means for Solving the Problems] To achieve this object, the bearing device of the present invention includes a bearing made of ceramic and an invar alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or lower than that of the bearing. and a shaft formed by.
［作用］
上記の構成を有する本発明の軸受装置において、セラミ
ックスで形成される軸受け、摩擦特性に優れ、熱膨張係
数も小さい。又、インバー合金で形成される軸は、一般
の金属に比べ相手材セラミックスに近い熱膨張係数を持
つ。この為、摺動に伴う発熱時においても軸と軸受との
熱膨張量の差は小さく、常温のクリアランスに近い状態
で使用が可能となり、セラミックス軸受を用いた良好な
摺動特性が維持される。[Function] In the bearing device of the present invention having the above configuration, the bearing is made of ceramics, has excellent friction characteristics, and has a small coefficient of thermal expansion. In addition, the shaft made of invar alloy has a coefficient of thermal expansion closer to that of the mating material ceramic than that of ordinary metals. Therefore, even when heat is generated due to sliding, the difference in the amount of thermal expansion between the shaft and the bearing is small, allowing use in conditions close to the clearance at room temperature, and maintaining good sliding characteristics using ceramic bearings. .
［実施例］
以下、本発明を工業ミシンの針棒及び針棒メタルに具体
化した一実施例を第１図及び第２図を参照して説明する
。[Example] Hereinafter, an example in which the present invention is embodied in a needle bar and needle bar metal for an industrial sewing machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
第１図は、工業ミシンの針棒機構の概略図である。針棒
機構は、軸心を中心に回動運動する回動軸７と、その回
動軸７の先端に固定された針腕６と、一端が針腕６に連
結され、他端がインバー合金より成る針棒１に固定され
た針棒抱５と、針棒１の下端に針抱４を介し固定された
針３とから構成されている。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a needle bar mechanism of an industrial sewing machine. The needle bar mechanism includes a rotating shaft 7 that rotates around the axis, a needle arm 6 fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft 7, one end of which is connected to the needle arm 6, and the other end of which is made of invar alloy. The needle bar holder 5 is fixed to the needle bar 1, and the needle 3 is fixed to the lower end of the needle bar 1 via the needle holder 4.
又、ミシンフレーム（図示せず）には、セラミックスよ
り成る上下二つの針棒メタル２が固定されており、針棒
メタル２により針棒１が上下運動可能な状態に支持され
ている。Further, two upper and lower needle bar metals 2 made of ceramic are fixed to a sewing machine frame (not shown), and the needle bar 1 is supported by the needle bar metals 2 so as to be movable up and down.
上記構成の針棒機構において、回動軸７の回動運動が、
針腕６と針棒抱５とを介して、針棒１に伝達されると、
針棒メタル２により支持されている範囲内において、針
棒１が上下運動される。In the needle bar mechanism having the above configuration, the rotational movement of the rotational shaft 7 is
When transmitted to the needle bar 1 via the needle arm 6 and needle bar holder 5,
The needle bar 1 is moved up and down within the range supported by the needle bar metal 2.
第２図は、本実施例の針棒１と針棒メタル２との摺動部
を示す断面図である。第２図（Ａ）に示すように、針棒
１は外径７．２ｍ＋ｓで熱膨張係数が３．２Ｘ１０”８
／’Ｃのクロムインバー合金より構成され、針棒メタル
２は、外径１０．８ｍｍで熱膨張係数が４．０ＸＩＯ’
／”Ｃの炭化硅素（ＳｉＣ）より構成されている。更に
、両部材は、常温（２０℃）において、直径に対して４
腐のクリアランスで組付けられている。FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the sliding portion between the needle bar 1 and the needle bar metal 2 of this embodiment. As shown in Figure 2 (A), the needle bar 1 has an outer diameter of 7.2 m+s and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 3.2 x 10"8.
The needle bar metal 2 has an outer diameter of 10.8 mm and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 4.0XIO'.
/”C silicon carbide (SiC).Furthermore, both members have a diameter of 4% at room temperature (20°C).
It is assembled with perfect clearance.
第２図（Ｂ）に示すように、今、ミシンの運転に伴う摺
動摩擦による発熱により、針棒１及び針棒メタル２が１
００℃で定常状態になったとする時、クリアランスの変
化量は以下の様に算出される。As shown in Fig. 2 (B), the needle bar 1 and the needle bar metal 2 are now 1.
When a steady state is reached at 00°C, the amount of change in clearance is calculated as follows.
（（３，２−４，０）ＸＩＯ’）Ｘ （７，２Ｘ１０−
”）Ｘ （１００−２０）＃−０，４６Ｘ１０’つまり
、８０℃の温度上昇によるクリアランスの増加は約０．
５ＡＲであり、ロック現象は起こらず、常温時とほぼ等
しい摺動特性が得られる。((3,2-4,0)XIO')X (7,2X10-
”)
5AR, no locking phenomenon occurs and almost the same sliding characteristics as at room temperature can be obtained.
又、上記実施例では、針棒１及び針棒メタル２の材質を
一種類だけ示したが、熱特性さえ合えば様々な材質の組
合せが考えられる。例えば、針棒１を構成するインバー
合金の組成としては、鉄（Ｆｅ）とニッケル（Ｎｉ）と
の比率を変えた物や、コバルト（Ｃｏ）を添加したスー
パーインバー合金等があり、針棒メタル２を構成するセ
ラミックスとしては、アルミナ（Ａ ｌ ２０３ ）や
ジルコニア（Ｚｒ０２）や窒化硅素（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）等が
可能である。Further, in the above embodiment, only one type of material is used for the needle bar 1 and the needle bar metal 2, but various combinations of materials can be considered as long as the thermal characteristics are matched. For example, the composition of the invar alloy constituting the needle bar 1 includes those with a different ratio of iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni), and super invar alloys containing cobalt (Co). Possible examples of the ceramic material 2 include alumina (Al 203 ), zirconia (Zr02), and silicon nitride (Si3N4).
更に、インバー合金の表面処理は、従来の構造用鋼と同
様に浸炭、窒化等が適応でき、溶射等による硬化層の形
成も可能である。従って、これらの処理を用いれば、生
材で使用する場合より、更に摺動特性を向上させること
ができる。Furthermore, the surface treatment of the invar alloy can be carburized, nitrided, etc. in the same way as conventional structural steel, and it is also possible to form a hardened layer by thermal spraying or the like. Therefore, by using these treatments, the sliding properties can be further improved than when using raw materials.
［発明の効果コ
以上詳述したことから明らかなように、本発明によれば
、摺動摩擦による発熱によって温麿が上昇しても、軸と
軸受との熱膨張量の差は小さくおさえられ、軸と軸受と
のクリアランスは適切に保たれるので、常時はぼ一定な
摺動特性が得られる。[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the detailed description above, according to the present invention, even if the thermal expansion increases due to heat generation due to sliding friction, the difference in thermal expansion between the shaft and the bearing is kept small; Since the clearance between the shaft and the bearing is maintained appropriately, almost constant sliding characteristics can be obtained at all times.
第１図及び第２図は本発明を具体化した実施例を示すも
ので、第１図は、ミシンの針棒機構の概略図、第２図（
Ａ）、（Ｂ）は、針棒と針棒メタルの摺動部を示す断面
図、第３図（Ａ）、 （Ｂ）は、従来の針棒と針棒メ
タルの摺動部を示す断面図である。
図中、１は針棒、２は針棒メタルである。1 and 2 show an embodiment embodying the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a needle bar mechanism of a sewing machine, and FIG.
A) and (B) are cross-sectional views showing the sliding part between the needle bar and needle bar metal, and Figures 3 (A) and (B) are cross-sectional views showing the sliding part between the conventional needle bar and needle bar metal. It is a diagram. In the figure, 1 is a needle bar and 2 is a needle bar metal.
Claims (1)
熱膨張係数を有するインバー合金により形成された軸（
１）と を備えた軸受装置。[Claims] 1. A bearing (2) made of ceramics, and a shaft (made of an invar alloy having a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to or lower than that of the bearing (2))
1) A bearing device comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12404589A JPH02304215A (en) | 1989-05-17 | 1989-05-17 | Bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12404589A JPH02304215A (en) | 1989-05-17 | 1989-05-17 | Bearing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02304215A true JPH02304215A (en) | 1990-12-18 |
Family
ID=14875638
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12404589A Pending JPH02304215A (en) | 1989-05-17 | 1989-05-17 | Bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02304215A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1258015A4 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2003-04-23 | Gsi Lumonics Inc | Rotary device with matched expansion ceramic bearings |
| EP3354565A3 (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2018-09-12 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Gear shaft for accommodating thermal expansion and transmission system incorporating the same |
-
1989
- 1989-05-17 JP JP12404589A patent/JPH02304215A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1258015A4 (en) * | 2000-01-11 | 2003-04-23 | Gsi Lumonics Inc | Rotary device with matched expansion ceramic bearings |
| US6710487B2 (en) | 2000-01-11 | 2004-03-23 | Gsi Lumonics Corporation | Rotary device with matched expansion ceramic bearings |
| EP3354565A3 (en) * | 2016-12-11 | 2018-09-12 | Bell Helicopter Textron Inc. | Gear shaft for accommodating thermal expansion and transmission system incorporating the same |
| US10526081B2 (en) | 2016-12-11 | 2020-01-07 | Textron Innovations Inc. | Gear shaft for accommodating thermal expansion and transmission system incorporating the same |
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