JPH02292863A - Photodetective element - Google Patents

Photodetective element

Info

Publication number
JPH02292863A
JPH02292863A JP1113630A JP11363089A JPH02292863A JP H02292863 A JPH02292863 A JP H02292863A JP 1113630 A JP1113630 A JP 1113630A JP 11363089 A JP11363089 A JP 11363089A JP H02292863 A JPH02292863 A JP H02292863A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
information
pixels
pixel
sensor
read
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP1113630A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takayuki Iizuka
隆之 飯塚
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pentax Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP1113630A priority Critical patent/JPH02292863A/en
Publication of JPH02292863A publication Critical patent/JPH02292863A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
  • Facsimile Heads (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To read a single pixel as a unit of information without reduction in resolution and also a plurality of pixels as a unit of information with no missing pixels by a method wherein pixel rows arranged in a one-dimensional direction are provided in parallel in two to five rows. CONSTITUTION:Pixel rows 11-13 arranged in a one-dimensional direction are provided in parallel in 2-5 rows. For instance, CCD line sensors 11-13 provided with 5 kilobits of pixels are arranged in parallel on a single substrate 14 so as to constitute a sensor 10. By this setup, when information is read in each pixel in a fine mode, three lines of information can be inputted at a time, that is, faster than the case of a one-line sensor. On the other hand, with 1/3 resolution, three pixels of each line or 9 pixels contained in three rows and three columns can be read as a single unit of information. With 1/2 resolution, two pixels each of two lines or four pixels contained in two rows and two columns can be read as a single unit of information.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] この発明は、例えばCODセンサー等の多数の画素が集
合して構成される受光素子の改良に関するものである. [従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題]ファク
シミリやイメージスキャナ等の読み取り光学系の受光素
子としては、従来からラインセンサと称される一次元の
CCDセンサが利用されている.なお、ラインセンサを
用いて原稿の読み取りを行うためには、原稿を画素の配
列方向と直角な方向に走査させなければならない. ところで、ラインセンサを用いた従来のファクシミリ装
置は、ラインセンサの1つの画素の出力を1点の情報と
して扱う精緻モードと、ラインセンサの2つの画素の出
力を平均して1点の情報として扱う通常モードとの間で
解像度の切り替えを行う場合がある. ラインセンサの画索ビッチにより決定される原稿上の画
素対応領域を、第4図に破線で示すように画素の配列方
向に関して1,2,3,・・・,n行、原稿の送り方向
に関して1,2,3,・・・,m列のマトリクス状に示
した場合、精緻モードにおいては全ての領域を独立して
読み取ることとなる. 次に、解像度1/2、走査速度2倍の通常モードとした
場合、画素の配列方向に関してはラインセンサの2画素
を1情報とすることによって解像度を1/2とし、原稿
の送り方向に関しては2ライン分の内の1ライン分のみ
を読み取ることによって解像度を1/2としている. すなわち、通常モードでは、第3図に実線で囲んだ領域
の単位で読み取りが行われる.この場合、画素の配列方
向に関しては2画素の情報が平均して1つの情報となる
ため、全ての行に対して情報の欠落はない。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an improvement in a light-receiving element, such as a COD sensor, in which a large number of pixels are assembled. [Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventionally, a one-dimensional CCD sensor called a line sensor has been used as a light receiving element in a reading optical system of a facsimile machine, an image scanner, etc. Note that in order to read a document using a line sensor, the document must be scanned in a direction perpendicular to the pixel arrangement direction. By the way, conventional facsimile machines using line sensors have two modes: a fine mode in which the output of one pixel of the line sensor is treated as one point of information, and a mode in which the output of two pixels of the line sensor is averaged and treated as one point of information. The resolution may be switched between normal mode and normal mode. The pixel corresponding area on the document determined by the pixel bit of the line sensor is 1, 2, 3, ..., n lines in the pixel arrangement direction, as shown by the broken line in FIG. When shown in a matrix of 1, 2, 3, . . . , m columns, all areas are read independently in the fine mode. Next, when the normal mode is set to 1/2 the resolution and double the scanning speed, the resolution is reduced to 1/2 by using two pixels of the line sensor as one information regarding the pixel arrangement direction, and the resolution is reduced to 1/2 with respect to the document feeding direction. By reading only one line out of two, the resolution is reduced to 1/2. That is, in the normal mode, reading is performed in units of the area surrounded by the solid line in Figure 3. In this case, in the pixel arrangement direction, information for two pixels becomes one piece of information on average, so there is no missing information for all rows.

しかしながら、原稿の送り方向に関して{よ第1ダjの
情報が第1.2列の情報として、第3列の情報力1第3
.4列の情報として読み取られることとなり、実際には
第2.4列の情報が欠落してしまうこととなる.従って
、欠落した部分の輝度が周囲の輝度と大きく異なる場合
には、原稿のイメージを正確に読み取ることができない
という問題がある.また、上l己のようにラインセンサ
を用ν1る牟角成であると、画像の雑音除去や尖鋭化の
ため番こ特定のセンサの出力をその周囲のセンサ出力シ
こ基づ撃1て加工する場合には、センサ出力を一旦メモ
1ノヲこ格納しておく必要がある. すなわち、ラインセンサでは原稿の走査方向番こはセン
サが一列しか設けられていないため、この方向に隣接す
る部分の画素に対応する情報Iよ同時に検出することは
できない.従って、ラインセンサの出力を順次メモリに
格納しつつ所定ライン分蓄積した後、特定の画素部分を
評価、加工する夕・要があり、構成が複雑となるという
問題力嘴ある.上記の問題は、画素が2次元に配列され
たエリアセンサを用いることにより理論上解決すること
ができる.エリアセンサは、ビデオカメラやスチルカメ
ラの撮像索子として多く用いられている2次元のCCD
センサである. しかしながら、エリアセンサは一般にラインセンサと比
較して画素配列のピッチが大きく、1方向の画素数が少
ない。従って、ファクシミリ等の光学系で受光素子とし
てエリアセンサを用いた場合には、精緻モードにおける
解像度が低下し、原稿の情報を正確に読み取ることがで
きないという問題がある. また、画素列の多いエリアセンサを用いることは、装置
全体のコストアップにもつながる.[発明の目的コ この発明は、上記の各課題に鑑みてなされたものであり
、単一の画素を1つの情報として読み取る場合の解像度
を低下させることなく、かつ、複数画素を1つの情報と
して読み取る場合に情報の欠落がない受光素子の提供を
目的とする. [課題を解決するための手段] ファクシミリ等の装置は、対象物を走査させて読み取り
を行うため、走査方向の画素数は一般のエリアセンサほ
と多くなくとも足りる.そこで、この発明に係る受光素
子は、一次元方向に配列された画素列を2〜5列並列し
て設けたことを特徴とする. [作用] 上記構成によれば、複数の画素列により対象物の情報を
一定の幅をもって読み取ることができ、情報の欠落を防
止すると共に、読み取り速度を高速とすることができる
. [実施例] 以下、この発明を図面に基づいて説明する.第1図〜第
3図は、この発明の一実施例を示したものである. このセンサ10は、第1図に模式的に示したように、そ
れぞれ5キロビット程度の画素を有するCCDラインセ
ンサH.12.13を一つの基板14上に並列配置して
構成されている. ここで原稿の情報を第2図に破線で示すようにセンサの
画素ピッチに対応させて画素の配列方向に関して1,2
,3,・・・,n行、原稿の送り方向に関して1,2,
3.・・・,1列のマトリクスとして分割する.精緻モ
ードで画素単位毎の情報を読み取る際には、3ライン分
の情報を一度に入力することができ、1ラインのライン
センサを用いるよりも読み取りの高速化を図ることがで
きる. 一方、解像度を173に変更する場合には、第2図に斜
線で示したように各ラインの3画素分、すなわち3列3
行の9画素を1つの情報として読み取ることができる. また、解像度を172とする場合には、第3図に斜線で
示したように2ラインの2画素分、すなわち2列2行の
4画素を1つの情報として読み取ることができる.この
場合、ライン11,12.13のうちの1ラインはダミ
ーとなり、情報入力のために使用されないこととなる. いずれの場合にも、全ての画素対応領域に関する情報が
入力されるため、解像度を落した場合にも情報の欠落が
ない. また、3ライン分の情報を同時に入力することができる
ため、3x3のマトリクス単位でライン11.13の情
報を利用して中心に当たるライン12の情報を加工する
ことができる. 例えば、 のマトリクスを用いて処理を行うことによりライン12
に対応する画像の平滑化を行うことができる.この際、
3つの画素列の情報を同時に入力することができるため
、従来のようにラインセンサの出力を一旦メモリに格納
してから加工する必要がなく、フィルタ処理用の回路構
成を簡略化することができる. なお、上記のようなセンサ10をファクシミリ等の読み
取り光学系の用いる場合、ラインの長手力向と比較して
、これと垂直な方向への長さが十分に短かければ、ライ
ンセンサ用の読み取りレンズを使用することもできる. [効果] 以上説明したように、この発明によれば読み取り対象の
走査速度を高めて解像度を落した場合にも、従来のライ
ンセンサのように情報が欠落せず、対象物の情報を正確
に読み取ることができる.また、高価なエリアセンサを
用いずに、しがも出力を一旦メモリに格納することなく
、同時出力される画素信号から特定の画素情報の加工等
のフィルタ処理を行うことができる。
However, regarding the feeding direction of the document, if the information in the first daj is the information in the 1st and 2nd columns,
.. This will be read as 4 columns of information, and the information in the 2nd and 4th columns will actually be missing. Therefore, if the brightness of the missing part is significantly different from the brightness of the surrounding area, there is a problem that the image of the document cannot be accurately read. In addition, if a line sensor is used as in the above example, the output of a specific sensor can be calculated based on the outputs of the surrounding sensors in order to remove noise and sharpen the image. When processing, it is necessary to temporarily store the sensor output in a memo. That is, since the line sensor has only one row of sensors in the scanning direction of the original, it is not possible to simultaneously detect information I corresponding to pixels in adjacent portions in this direction. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate and process a specific pixel portion after storing the output of the line sensor in memory for a predetermined number of lines, which poses a problem in that the configuration becomes complicated. The above problem can theoretically be solved by using an area sensor in which pixels are arranged two-dimensionally. The area sensor is a two-dimensional CCD that is often used as an imaging device for video cameras and still cameras.
It's a sensor. However, area sensors generally have a larger pixel array pitch and fewer pixels in one direction than line sensors. Therefore, when an area sensor is used as a light-receiving element in an optical system such as a facsimile machine, there is a problem in that the resolution in the fine mode decreases, making it impossible to accurately read the information on the document. Furthermore, using an area sensor with many pixel rows also increases the cost of the entire device. [Purpose of the Invention] This invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of reading multiple pixels as one piece of information without reducing the resolution when reading a single pixel as one piece of information. The purpose is to provide a light-receiving element that does not lose information when reading. [Means for solving the problem] Devices such as facsimile machines scan and read objects, so the number of pixels in the scanning direction does not need to be as large as that of a general area sensor. Therefore, the light-receiving element according to the present invention is characterized in that two to five pixel rows arranged in a one-dimensional direction are arranged in parallel. [Operation] According to the above configuration, it is possible to read the information of the object with a certain width using the plurality of pixel columns, and it is possible to prevent information from being omitted and to increase the reading speed. [Example] This invention will be explained below based on the drawings. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of this invention. As schematically shown in FIG. 1, this sensor 10 is a CCD line sensor H. 12 and 13 are arranged in parallel on one substrate 14. Here, the information of the original is set to correspond to the pixel pitch of the sensor, as shown by the broken line in Fig. 2, and
,3,...,n lines, 1,2, regarding the document feeding direction
3. ..., divide it into a matrix of one column. When reading information for each pixel in fine mode, three lines of information can be input at once, making reading faster than using a one-line line sensor. On the other hand, when changing the resolution to 173, as indicated by diagonal lines in Figure 2, 3 pixels on each line, 3 columns and 3
Nine pixels in a row can be read as one piece of information. Furthermore, when the resolution is 172, two pixels on two lines, ie, four pixels on two columns and two rows, can be read as one piece of information, as indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. In this case, one of lines 11, 12, and 13 becomes a dummy line and is not used for inputting information. In either case, information regarding all pixel corresponding regions is input, so there is no loss of information even when the resolution is lowered. Furthermore, since information for three lines can be input at the same time, information on line 12, which is the center, can be processed using information on lines 11 and 13 in 3x3 matrix units. For example, by processing using the matrix, line 12
It is possible to smooth the image corresponding to . On this occasion,
Since information on three pixel columns can be input simultaneously, there is no need to store the output of the line sensor in memory and then process it, as in the past, and the circuit configuration for filter processing can be simplified. .. In addition, when using the sensor 10 as described above in a reading optical system of a facsimile machine, etc., if the length in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal force direction of the line is sufficiently short, the reading for the line sensor is possible. You can also use lenses. [Effects] As explained above, according to the present invention, even when the scanning speed of the object to be read is increased and the resolution is lowered, unlike conventional line sensors, information is not lost, and information on the object can be accurately captured. It can be read. Further, filter processing such as processing of specific pixel information can be performed from simultaneously output pixel signals without using an expensive area sensor or temporarily storing the outputs in a memory.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図はこの発明に係る受光素子の一実施例を示す説明
図、第2図及び第3図は解像度を落とした場合の情報の
単位を示す説明図、第4図は従来のラインセンサによる
原稿の読み取りを示す説明図である. 10・・・センサ(受光素子) 11,12.13・・・画素列 14・・・基板 第1図 第3図 ■ 第2図 第 図 −ゴr力.i{     − .ロコ
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the light receiving element according to the present invention, Figs. 2 and 3 are explanatory diagrams showing units of information when the resolution is lowered, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the light receiving element according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing reading of a manuscript. 10...Sensor (light receiving element) 11, 12.13...Pixel row 14...Board Fig. 1 Fig. 3 ■ Fig. 2 - Gor force. i{-. Loco

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims]  一次元方向に配列された画素列を、2〜5列並列して
設けたことを特徴とする受光素子。
A light receiving element characterized in that two to five pixel rows arranged in one dimension are arranged in parallel.
JP1113630A 1989-05-08 1989-05-08 Photodetective element Pending JPH02292863A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1113630A JPH02292863A (en) 1989-05-08 1989-05-08 Photodetective element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1113630A JPH02292863A (en) 1989-05-08 1989-05-08 Photodetective element

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02292863A true JPH02292863A (en) 1990-12-04

Family

ID=14617101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP1113630A Pending JPH02292863A (en) 1989-05-08 1989-05-08 Photodetective element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02292863A (en)

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