JPH0229155B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention allows a door that is to close an opening in a wall to slide freely along the wall surface, and when the opening is closed, one side of the door is stored almost flush with one side of the wall. The present invention relates to an automatic opening/closing device in which sliding and storage of the door is driven by a single prime mover, and is particularly suitable for a sliding door opening/closing device for a vehicle.

There are two main types of sliding door opening/closing methods. The first opening/closing method is a simple one-way sliding method along a track laid along a wall or the outside surface of a car body, such as those used in houses and railroad cars. The first method is automobiles,
Particularly used in van-type automobiles, when the door is closed, the outer panel of the door is retracted almost flush with the outer panel of the vehicle body, and when the door is opened, the door is swung outward from the outer panel of the body, and then It is a type that allows the outside to slide along the outer skin of the body.

In the sliding door of the second type, the first and second guide rails are provided at the top and bottom of the opening of the automobile body, and the door at the vertical center of the opening slides on the outside of the body. A third guide rail is attached to each of the outer panels, and one end of the door of the guide rail in the sliding direction is curved in an arc shape toward the inside of the automobile body, and a guide device is attached to the other end of the door in the sliding direction. By making the guide device slidable on the third guide rail and attached to one end of the door in the sliding direction slidable on the first and second guide rails, and by forming the guide rail in a straight line, By attaching the guide device to the door in a rotatable manner, when the opening of the automobile body is closed, the outer panel of the door can be stored in almost the same plane as the outer panel of the body, and when the door is opened, The outer panel of the door is swung out so as to float outward from the outer panel of the body, and then slid along the surface of the outer panel of the body.

When attempting to automatically open and close such a second type of sliding door using a prime mover, such as an electric motor, the door swings out to the outside of the body and slides along the surface of the body. must be done simultaneously or separately. If these were to be driven by separate prime movers, at least two prime movers would be required, and the timing would need to be adjusted between the outward swinging motion and the sliding movement along the outer surface of the body.

The present invention provides a door for closing an opening formed in a vehicle body, at least one guide rail attached along an outer panel of the body along the direction in which the door is opened, and at least one guide rail attached to the door. a guide device that is slidable on the guide rail;
When the door closes the opening, one side of the door is housed in substantially the same plane as the surface of the outer panel of the body, and when the opening is opened, the door is moved toward the outside of the outer panel of the body by the guide device. In a sliding door for a vehicle that is swung out and guided to slide almost parallel to the surface of the body outer panel, regardless of the shape of the guide rail or the method of guiding the door along the guide rail of the guide device, It is an object of the present invention to provide an opening/closing device in which sliding of the door and swinging out of the door substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction are performed separately or in combination by a single prime mover.

Further, in the present invention, in the above sliding door, a guide member is fixed to the other side of the door in parallel with the sliding direction of the door, and an arm having a prime mover attached to the base is attached to the mounting floor of the body. A drive wheel having a short shaft provided on the machine casing or an extension thereof and having a cylindrical drive surface formed on the outer periphery is rotatably supported around the central axis of the drive surface, and is attached to the base of the arm. The output shaft of the prime mover and the drive wheel are rotationally connected, and the drive surface of the drive wheel is engaged with a guide member fixed to the door, and the guide member is moved by rotation of the drive wheel. The door is slid along a guide rail, and the arm is rotated to move the door in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the outer panel of the body.

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 1 is a side view of a van-type automobile equipped with the sliding door opening/closing device, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway rear view of the vehicle, and Fig. 3 is a view of the door. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 5 is a top view with a part of FIG. 4 removed.

In the figure, an opening 2 for passengers to get on and off or for loading and unloading luggage is formed on the side of a vehicle body 1, and a door 3 to close the opening 2 is usually located at the top and bottom edges of the opening 2. A first guide rail 4, a second guide rail 5, and a third rail 6 provided on the outer panel of the body 1 toward the rear of the body 1 from the rear edge of the opening 2, It is slid along the outer panel of 1.
As shown in FIG. 3, a first guide device 9 consisting of a stay 8 that rotatably supports a roller 7 in a horizontal plane at its tip is fixedly installed at the upper end of the front edge of the door 3.
At the lower end of the front edge of the door 3, there are a roller 10 rotatable in a horizontal plane and a roller 11 rotatable in a vertical plane.
A second guide device 13 consisting of a stay 12 that supports a roller 14 and a stay 12 that supports a roller 14 that is rotatable in the horizontal direction and a roller that is rotatable in a vertical plane is fixedly installed in the middle part of the rear edge of the door 3 in the vertical direction. Stay 1 supporting 15
A third guide device 17 consisting of 6 is fixedly installed.

The first guide device 9, the second guide device 13 and the third guide device 17 are respectively engaged with the first, second and third guide rails 4, 5, 6 by respective rollers, and are arranged in a horizontal plane. Rotatable rollers 7, 10, 14 guide each stay 8, 12, 16 in the length direction of the guide rails 4, 5, 6, and rollers 11, 15, which are rotatable in a vertical plane, guide the guide rails 5, 6. The door 3 rolls along its length on a horizontal guide surface to support the weight of the door 3.

A fixing member 19 is fixed to the mounting floor 18 of the body 1 by its base plate 20, and a support shaft 21 having a central axis perpendicular to the mounting floor 18 is protruded and planted on the fixing member 19. An arm 23 is supported on a support shaft 21 of the fixed member 19 via a bearing 22 so as to be freely rotatable in a horizontal plane. The base of the arm 23 is formed in a housing 24, and the base housing 24 of the arm 23 is formed in a housing 24.
A gear 26, in which a rotating ring 25 is concentrically and integrally formed, is rotatably supported by the support shaft 21 about its central axis. An electric motor 28 attached to a lid body 27 that covers the base housing 24 of the arm 23
The output shaft 29 of the arm 23 is parallel to the support shaft 21.
A gear 30 inserted into the base casing 24 of and fixed to the output shaft 29 is meshed with the gear 26, and the rotary wheel 25 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 28.

A short shaft 31 is fixed to the tip of the arm 23 so that its central axis is parallel to the central axis of the support shaft 21, and the short shaft 31 has a cylindrical drive surface 32 on its outer periphery. A passive wheel 34 formed integrally and concentrically with the formed driving wheel 33 is attached to a bearing 35.
A belt 36 is stretched around the circumferential surface of the rotary wheel 25 and the circumferential surface of the driven surface 34, and the rotation of the rotary wheel 25 is transmitted to the driven wheel 34 for driving. The wheel 33 is configured to be rotationally driven. Output shaft 2 of the electric motor 28
The diameter of the gear 30 fixed to the output shaft 2 is extremely smaller than the diameter of the gear 26 supported on the support shaft 21.
The rotational speed of 9 is reduced and transmitted to the driven wheel 34. The driving wheel 33 is formed into an annular shape from rubber or synthetic rubber with a high frictional force, and is tightly fitted into a stepped portion 37 forming a cylindrical peripheral surface formed concentrically with the cylindrical peripheral surface of the driven wheel 34. and are integrally installed.

An arm rod 39 is rotatably attached to the short shaft 31 via a bearing 38, and a roller 40 is mounted on a shaft 41 at the free end of the arm rod 39 so as to rotate in the same plane as the drive wheel 33. It is rotatably supported through. The peripheral surface of the roller 40 and the drive wheel 33
A distance is maintained between the drive surface 32 and the drive surface 32, which will be described later.

A linear guide member 50 formed from a metal plate and having a predetermined length parallel to the moving direction of the door 3 along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is attached to the inner surface of the door 3 by its mounting edge 51. The guide member 50 is attached to the inner plate 52 of the door 3 in a cross section perpendicular to its length direction, and is attached to a fastener 53 such as a bolt nut.
a mounting edge 51 attached by the mounting edge 5;
The supporting edge 54 has a cross section bent to form a supporting edge 54 that is bent at a substantially right angle to the support edge 1, and an engaging edge 55 that is bent substantially vertically downward at a substantially right angle from the supporting edge 54. The width of the edge 54 is larger than the diameter of the roller 40, and the engagement edge 55 is engaged and held between the circumferential surface of the roller 40 and the drive surface 32 of the drive wheel 33.

That is, the drive surface 32 of the drive wheel 33 rotationally connected to the output shaft 29 of the electric motor 28 is frictionally engaged with the engagement edge 55 of the guide member 50 attached to the inner surface of the door 3, and the roller 40 The engagement edge 55 of the guide member 50 is sandwiched between the circumferential surface of the guide member 50 and the drive surface 32 of the drive wheel 33. The distance between the circumferential surface of the roller 40 and the driving surface 32 is equal to the engagement edge 5.
The distance is equal to the plate thickness of 5, and the driving wheels 33 are made of rubber,
When the engagement edge 55 is made of a material with high elasticity such as synthetic rubber, the engagement edge 55 has a spacing narrower than the plate thickness of the engagement edge 55.
be held elastically. Output shaft 2 of electric motor 28
The rotation of 9 is the meshing of the gear 30 and the gear 26, and the rotation of the rotating wheel 2.
5 and the driven wheel 34 through the belt 34 to cause the guide member 50 to move linearly, the guide device 9, 13, 17 engages and the distance between the engagement edge 55 and the support shaft 21 changes, the arm 23 moves around the support shaft 21 and around the arm rod 3.
9 rotates around the short axis 31 to correspond to the change in distance. The door 3 is slid onto the outer surface of the outer panel of the body 1 from the position where the door 3 closes the opening 2, like a guide rail commonly used in a sliding door opening/closing device of a known van-type automobile. If it is gently curved, arm 2
3 and the arm rod 39, the movement of the body 1 of the door 3 in the left-right direction due to the curvature of the guide rails 4, 5, and 6 can be accommodated, and the movement of the body 1 of the door 3 in the left-right direction due to the curvature of the guide rails 4, 5, and 6 can be accommodated. The clamping of the engaging edge 55 ensures the driving force for sliding the door 3 along the guide rails 4, 5, 6. Next, the guide rails 4, 5, and 6 are installed linearly along the outer panel of the vehicle body, and the guide devices 9, 13, and 17 that engage with the guide rails 4, 5, and 6, respectively, are pivotally supported on the door 3. The door 3 is swung outward from the outer panel of the body 1 from the position where the opening 2 is closed, and the guide rail 4,
5 and 6, the body of the door 3 does not move while the door 3 is swung out toward the outside of the outer panel of the body 1 or while the door 3 is retracted into the opening 2. Resistance occurs against sliding in the direction along the outer plate, and this resistance causes the drive torque of the electric motor 28 to cause the arm 23 to rotate in the same direction, and the torque that causes the arm 23 to rotate around the support shaft 21 is exclusively used. The door 3 is consumed and the guide member 50
through the engagement of the engaging edge 55 of the arm 23 with the driving wheel 33 and roller 40 at the tip of the arm 23, the body is swung out from inside the opening 2 toward the outside of the body outer plate, or from the outside position. It is drawn into the opening 2.

The present invention provides a door for closing an opening formed in a vehicle body, at least one guide rail attached to the outer panel of the body along the opening direction of the door, and at least one guide rail attached to the door. and a guide device slidable on the guide rail, and when the door closes the opening, one side of the door is accommodated substantially flush with the surface of the outer panel of the body, A vehicle slide in which, when the door opens the opening, the door is swung outward from the outer panel of the body by the guide device and guided to slide substantially parallel to the surface of the outer panel of the body. In the door, a guide member is fixed on the other side of the door parallel to the sliding direction of the door, an arm having a motor attached to the base is supported by the base of the mounting floor of the body, and a tip of the arm is supported by the base of the arm. A drive wheel having a cylindrical drive surface formed on its outer periphery is rotatably supported on a short shaft provided on the arm, and the output shaft of the prime mover attached to the arm is connected to the drive wheel. A roller is rotated so that the outer circumferential surface of the arm rod is rotatably connected and is rotatable relative to the arm about the short axis so that its outer circumferential surface is located at a predetermined distance from the drive surface of the drive wheel. Set up freely,
An engagement edge of a guide member fixed to the door is sandwiched between a drive surface of the drive wheel and a peripheral surface of the roller, and the drive torque of the electric motor is transmitted from the drive wheel to the engagement edge of the guide member. Therefore, the guide member is drawn out in a straight line by the engagement of the guide member with the drive wheel that is rotatably driven by the output shaft of the motor attached to the base of the arm, and the door to which the guide member is fixed is It is slid along the guide rail via a guide device, and when the prime mover rotates in one direction, the opening formed in the body is opened, and when the motor rotates in the other direction, the opening formed in the body is closed. It slides down. That is, according to the present invention, a conventional manual sliding door can be opened and closed by power with a simple structure of simply installing a prime mover and a drive wheel rotationally driven by the prime mover on the body of the vehicle and attaching a guide member to the door. It is something that can be done like this.

Further, in the present invention, the base of the arm is rotatably supported on a support of a fixed member provided on the mounting floor of the vehicle body, and an arm rod is attached so as to be rotatable about the central axis of rotation of the drive wheel. death,
A roller is rotatably provided on the arm rod so that its outer peripheral surface is positioned at a predetermined distance from the driving surface of the drive, and an engaging edge of the guide member is provided between the driving surface and the outer peripheral surface of the roller. By clamping the door, frictional engagement between the engaging edge of the guide member and the drive surface of the drive wheel is ensured even if the guide rail that guides the sliding of the door is configured in a curved manner. At the same time, when the distance between the fixed member, which is the support part of the arm for the vehicle body, and the door changes due to the curved part of the guide rail, the arm can be rotated about the support shaft of the fixed member. In order to at least absorb the variation in distance, the guide rail can be bent in accordance with the contour of the vehicle body, or the door can be opened by sliding in a desired curve, or the door can be opened at the desired location of the opening. This makes it possible to store it and close the opening.

In the present invention, the arm is rotatably supported by the base of the fixed member around a support shaft that projects almost perpendicularly to the mounting floor of the vehicle body;
A drive mechanism was constructed by rotatably supporting a drive wheel rotatably supported on a short shaft provided at the tip of the arm, and the output shaft of a motor attached to the base of the arm, so that this drive mechanism could be attached to the vehicle body. It only needs to be fixed using the fixing member to the mounting floor near the opening formed in the opening, and there is no need to attach the prime mover to the body, so it can be installed using the space of the body, and the existing sliding door can be installed. No special design changes are required on the body side when installing it on a van-type vehicle equipped with the same. If there is a low resistance to sliding the door along the guide rail, the driving torque of the prime mover is converted to rotation about the arm's spindle, so the door can be opened from the outside of the body's outer panel. Movement of the door in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the outer panel of the body, such as pulling the door into the body or swinging the door stored in the opening toward the outside of the outer panel of the body, is performed by rotating the arm. and the movement of the door in a direction substantially parallel to the surface of the skin of the body is effected by frictional engagement between a drive wheel driven by a prime mover and an engaging edge of the guide rail. Therefore, the sliding door can be opened and closed using a single prime mover.

In the present invention, when the drive wheel is rotationally connected to the output shaft of the prime mover via a reduction gear, the sliding speed of the door is slowed down so that fingers are not pinched when opening and closing for getting on and off or loading and unloading luggage. In addition to eliminating the danger of the door opening and closing, the drive torque for opening and closing can be increased, and the door can be opened smoothly even when the vehicle is tilted and stopped and the gravity acting on the door has a low resistance to sliding the door. A large-diameter gear is rotatably arranged using a support shaft installed on the arm, and a gear with a large reduction ratio is connected between a small-diameter gear fixed to the output shaft of the prime mover. If the drive wheel is rotatably connected to the drive wheel by a belt, which constitutes a speed reduction device and is integrally provided with a large-diameter gear rotatably disposed on the arm, the drive torque for sliding the door can be reduced. At the same time, when the door is opened and closed and an object gets caught and a large resistance is applied to the sliding of the door, slippage between the drive wheel and the locking edge of the guide member occurs, and the belt and the drive or rotating wheel are The rotating coupling mechanism will not be destroyed due to slips.

In addition, in the present invention, in supporting the driving wheel, in addition to fixing a short shaft to the tip of the arm as shown in the figure and making the driving wheel rotatable about the short shaft, the short shaft is integrated with the driving wheel. The short shaft may be rotatably formed on the machine casing or an extension thereof, and if the drive wheel is not made of an elastic material, the engagement between the drive surface of the drive wheel and the guide member may be A concavity and convexity may be formed on the mating edge to interlock with each other, and when a roller is attached to face the drive wheel, the distance between the drive surface of the drive wheel and the circumferential surface of the roller should be equal to the plate thickness of the guide member. . Furthermore, when a roller is disposed opposite the drive wheel, instead of forming the drive surface of the drive wheel from an elastic material, the drive surface of the drive wheel is formed from a hard material with a large coefficient of friction, and The surface can also be made of an elastic material. In addition to the electric motor described above, a fluid motor can also be used as the prime mover.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a side view of a van-type automobile equipped with the sliding door opening/closing device, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway rear view thereof, and Fig. 3 is the door thereof. 4 is a sectional view of the main part thereof, and FIG. 5 is a top view with a part of FIG. 4 removed. In the figure, 1 is the body, 2 is the opening, 3 is the door, 4,
5, 6 are guide rails, 9, 13, 17 are guide devices, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 are rollers thereof,
8, 12, 16 are the stays, 18 are the mounting floor of the body, 19 are the fixing members, 21 are the supporting shafts, 23 are the arms, 28 are the electric motors, 25 are the rotating wheels, 26, 3
0 is a gear, 33 is a driving wheel, 32 is its driving surface, 3
4 is a driven wheel, 36 is a belt, 39 is an arm lever, 40 is a roller, 50 is a guide member, and 55 is an engaging edge thereof.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A door for closing an opening formed in a vehicle body, and at least one guide rail attached along the outer panel of the body along the opening direction of the door;
a guide device attached to the door and slidable on the guide rail, and when the door closes the opening, one side of the door is substantially flush with the surface of the outer panel of the body. accommodated in the surface,
When the door opens the opening, the door is swung outward from the outer panel of the body by the guide device and is guided to slide substantially parallel to the surface of the outer panel of the body. In the sliding door, a guide member is fixed to the other side of the door parallel to the sliding direction of the door, and a support shaft is provided on a fixing member provided on the mounting floor of the body to protrude almost perpendicular to the mounting floor. At the same time, the base of the arm is rotatably supported around the support shaft, and the drive wheel has a short shaft provided at the tip of the arm substantially parallel to the support shaft, and a cylindrical drive surface is formed on the outer periphery of the drive wheel. The arm rod is rotatably supported about the central axis of the surface and is rotatable relative to the arm about the short axis, and has an outer circumferential surface located at a predetermined distance from the drive surface of the drive wheel. A roller is rotatably provided so that the drive wheel is rotatably connected to an output shaft of a motor attached to the base of the arm, and an engaging edge of a guide member fixed to the door is connected to the drive wheel. The arm is held between the drive surface and the circumferential surface of the roller, and is rotated by the drive torque of the prime motor transmitted from the drive wheel to the engaging edge of the guide member to move the door out of the body. A sliding door opening/closing device for a vehicle, characterized in that the door is moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of a plate and the door is slid along a guide rail. 2. The sliding door opening/closing device for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the drive wheel is rotationally connected to the output shaft of the prime mover via a reduction gear. 3. On the support shaft protruding from the fixed member, a rotating shaft is formed concentrically and integrally with a gear within a housing formed at the base of the arm, and is rotatably supported around the support shaft. , the rotating wheel of the drive wheel is connected via a belt, the gear and the output shaft of the prime mover are connected via a reduction gear device, and the drive wheel is rotationally driven by the output shaft of the prime mover at a predetermined reduction ratio. The sliding door opening/closing device for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein