JPH02289168A - Mercerization of roving - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a material having excellent bulkiness and dyeability in good productivity by winding in a specific density roving comprising short fibers containing cellulose-based fibers to form cheese, subjecting the cheese to fluidizing treatment with a highly concentrated caustic soda in a closed container, washing the cheese with water and neutralizing. CONSTITUTION:Short fibers containing cellulose-based fibers (e.g. cotton fibers) are spun to give roving, which is wound in 0.1-0.5g/cm<3> winding density to form cheese. The cheese is set in a closed container, which is evacuated to <=760mmHg, a highly concentrated solution of caustic soda is poured into the container, the cheese is treated with the highly concentrated solution of caustic soda at 40-60 deg.C for 30 minutes by fluidizing the solution, then the cheese is washed with water for 20 minutes, washed with hot water at 80 deg.C for 10 minutes and neutralized at 80 deg.C for 10 minutes to mercerize the roving.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method for mercerizing roving.

(Prior Art) Cotton and cotton blend fibers are mercerized to impart luster, improve dimensional stability, increase hygroscopicity, and improve strength. Generally, mercerization is carried out on woven or knitted fabrics, but there is a problem in that the strong shrinkage of cotton fibers that accompanies mercerization hardens the texture of the fabric and impairs its bulkiness and flexibility. For this reason, there is a method of processing the yarn at the stage before weaving, but in the case of mercerizing the yarn, it is often carried out by skeining, which poses problems in productivity, rather than tension control. In order to solve this problem, there are some proposals such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-47783,
Productivity has not yet improved.

With these conventional techniques, it is difficult to develop materials that are bulky and have good dyeability, productivity, etc., and mercerization in the pre-spinning process has been desired. However, if raw cotton is simply mercerized using a highly concentrated caustic soda solution, the raw cotton will become a hard lump and it will be difficult to remove waste cotton, making spinning almost impossible and even if spinning is possible. After the above-mentioned treatment, a large amount of short fibers becomes waste cotton during the time from the mixing process to the combing process.

In order to solve these problems, the special public
Japanese Patent No. 188 discloses a method of continuously mercerizing a sliver.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-27188 is not suitable for small-scale production because it has equipment problems and is a continuous method suitable for mass production. There is a problem.

In order to solve such problems, the present invention has been made to
The present invention focuses on the state of roving, which is the next state to the sliver state that is the object of No. 27188, and provides an industrially advantageous method for carrying out alkali treatment in the state of cheese.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention involves forming short fibers containing cellulose fibers into rovings through a spinning process, and spinning them into rovings of 0.1 to 0.5 g/
After forming cheese by rolling at a rolling density of cm3, the cheese was placed in a sealed container and heated to 76QmmHg.
After reducing the pressure, a highly concentrated caustic soda solution is injected into the cheese, and the cheese is subjected to a process of flowing the highly concentrated caustic soda solution at a temperature of 40 to 60°C, and then washed with water and neutralized. , short fibers containing cellulose fibers are made into rovings through a spinning process, and this is made into rovings of 0.1-0.
After forming cheese by rolling at a rolling density of 5 g/m3, the cheese was set in an airtight container and rolled to a size of 760 mm.
It is characterized by reducing the pressure to below Hg, then injecting high-pressure steam, and then performing a process of fluidizing a highly concentrated caustic soda solution at a temperature of 40 to 60°C, followed by washing with water and neutralization.

The short fibers containing cellulose fibers used in the present invention are natural cellulose short fibers suitable for mercerization, such as cotton yarn, synthetic fibers that can be blended with cotton yarn, and polyamide fibers (e.g., nylon 6, nylon 6,6)
, polyacrylonitrile fibers (e.g. polyethylene terephthalate), polyvinyl alcohol fibers (e.g. vinylon), polyolefin fibers (e.g. polyethylene), polyurethane fibers and the like.

These short fibers can be produced using known spinning processes such as mixed batting, carding,
It is made into a sliver through processes such as filamentation, and then wound into roving through a roving process.

In the present invention, the roving is not particularly limited as long as it can be wound onto a bobbin or the like to form a cheese, but it is usually 0.
It refers to about 2 to 0.5 g/m.

In addition, the roving is carried out 0.5 to 2 times/as is generally done.
It is preferable to apply a twist of about 1 n h.

In the present invention, mercerization is performed on the state of the roving, but it is extremely difficult to perform liquid flow treatment such as mercerization or dyeing on the state of the roving.The reason is as follows. As mentioned in the above-mentioned prior art, liquid flow treatment of single fibers or those in a state in which they are simply arranged in parallel, such as top dyeing of raw cotton, carded cotton, filament sliver, or wool, As it has already been done, it is relatively simple.

Furthermore, it can be said that yarn dyeing is also easy because the thread bodies are completed in a form that is easy to handle. However, the roving is usually twisted around a plastic bobbin or wood tube, and cannot be used as is for liquid flow processing such as dyeing, and returning it to a dyeing tube has low strength and elongation (and is laborious). It costs a lot of money, so it is quite unreasonable in practical terms.

In the present invention, the roving is wound onto a bobbin that can be directly subjected to liquid flow treatment, and the roving is subjected to the liquid flow treatment described below, thereby making it possible to mercerize the roving in its state. Such a bobbin, as shown in Fig. 1, is made of metal, plastic, or woodwind, and has many small holes perforated on its circumference.After winding up the roving, it is stacked and placed in a package dyeing machine, etc. Any material may be used as long as it can be placed and the processing liquid can be discharged through the small hole.
If the dyeing bobbin of the shape disclosed in the publication (Fig. 2) is designed and adjusted to enable winding of the rovings, each roving will stick together due to compression after lamination, and mercerization will be effective. can be done.

When winding one piece of roving onto such a bobbin, it is necessary to wind it softly so that the winding density is 0.1 to 0.5 g/cm3, and within this range, the above-mentioned compression bobbin It can also be used.

The effects of the present invention can be obtained as long as the winding density is within the above range;
It is difficult to shape into a cheese shape with a density of less than 0.15 to 0.3 g/cm', and if it exceeds 0.3 g/am', problems such as thread breakage will occur.
cm' is more preferable, furthermore, 0.18g/+:(
1) If the winding density is 0.24 g/cm' or more, the shrinkage of the roving due to mercerization will be small, which is advantageous.
If the setting is as follows, the caustic soda will penetrate uniformly and there will be extremely few processing spots, although it depends on the flow rate of the processing liquid.

The soft-ground cheese prepared in this manner is placed in a closed container of a known cheese dyeing machine, etc., and the pressure is reduced to 760 mmHg or less, preferably 500 mmHg or less, and then mixed with the caustic soda solution described below by either of the following two methods. permeate the rovings quickly and uniformly. That is, the first method is to immediately inject a caustic soda solution after reducing the pressure. In the second method, after the pressure is reduced, high-pressure steam is injected to steam-set the roving, and then a caustic soda solution is injected.

In the case of the second method, the high pressure steam is 102℃ or higher and 760mm
) 1g or more is preferable, heat setting is 1 to 10
It is best to do this for about a minute.

The caustic soda solution used in both of these methods is highly concentrated, i.e.
The amount of caustic soda is approximately 18 to 30% by weight, and is appropriately selected from this range depending on the type of material to be treated and the degree of treatment. In addition, the treatment temperature of the caustic soda solution can be selected within the range of 40 to 60°C, but if it is below 40°C, there will be a problem in the uniformity of the treatment, and if it is above 60°C, the strength of the roving will decrease and the spinning properties will be affected. A problem occurs.

Furthermore, it is preferable to add an anionic surfactant to the caustic soda solution. The anionic surfactant can be selected from commercially available penetrants for mercerization. Examples of anionic surfactants include polyethylene glycol ether sulfate ester salts, olefin sulfate ester salts, amide bond sulfate ester salts, ester bond sulfate ester salts, ester bond sulfonate salts, and amide bond sulfonate salts. Examples include ether-bonded sulfonate salts, alkylaryl sulfonate-based salts, ether-bonded alkyl sulfonate salts, ester-bonded alkylaryl sulfonate salts, and amide-bonded alkylaryl sulfonate salts. It is preferable to add one or more of these surfactants within the above-mentioned range, but higher alcohol sulfate surfactants with high penetrating power are particularly preferred; 0.1%~1% (ow
Select f) depending on the winding density of the object to be processed, etc.

Such anionic surfactants act to sufficiently provide deaeration and penetration effects to cheese.

Further, a solvent such as tetrachloroethylene may be added to the caustic soda solution as appropriate.

Such treatment with a caustic soda solution is efficient if carried out continuously in a closed container such as a cheese dyeing machine used for reduced pressure, and when a cheese dyeing machine is used, the treatment is carried out at a bath ratio of about 1:5 to 1:10. In addition, it is recommended to prepare a caustic soda solution in advance in the sub-tank. In this case, the treatment is carried out using a bobbin as described above, and the solution is passed through the small hole of the bobbin at a flow rate of 5.
The flow direction of the fJ liquid is 1N-0UT, which is discharged from the bobbin to the roving side, and 0UT-IN, which is suctioned from the roving side into the bobbin. However, in the case of mercerization, lN
-0UT is preferable because uniform alkali treatment can be performed.

After such treatment, the object to be treated is further thoroughly washed with hot water, washed with water, neutralized, treated with an oil agent, dehydrated, and dried. The drying method is not particularly limited either, but if a high frequency vacuum dryer or the like which is suitably used in the cheese dyeing method is used, a uniform dry state and a finish with a good texture can be obtained.

The mercerized roving obtained in this way has a hard feel due to shrinkage during mercerization, but since it is defibrated by the draft during the spinning machine process,
As a result, the resulting yarn has regained its flexibility and has a luster not found in ordinary spun yarns.

(Example) The test method on which the numerical values in the Examples are based is as follows.

■ Cotton fiber swelling degree Observed with electron a microphotograph ■ Barium activity number This is a value that measures the degree of mercerization, and is determined by the following formula according to the degree of absorption of barium hydroxide by cotton fibers. /10H+:, Titration number of + Nm = Titration number of N/10HCf against 1Occ of mother liquor when mercerized cotton is soaked Nu - Titration number of N/l0H (1! against IQcc of mother liquor when soaking untreated cotton ■Wind) Bending Measurement was performed using a KES-FI32 pure bending tester of the KES-FB texture measurement system.

■Hand Texture was measured using a KES-FB3 compression tester of the KES-FB texture measurement system.

■Rupture strength JIS L-1096A method (Mushin method) ■Processing uniformity and dyeing concentration The knitted fabric using alkali-treated roving is R5m5-xol.
It was stained with BLACK B 5% owf, and the quality of the staining surface was judged based on the staining concentration.

Example 1 Raw cotton mixed with cotton fiber and polyester fiber at a weight ratio of 3:1 was passed through a normal spinning process to produce a roving of 0.4
g7m, and put this on the bobbin shown in Figure 1 with 0.2
50 cheeses (roving 1ii 150 kg) were rolled to form cheese by winding at a winding density of g/cm"
Cheese dyeing machine (LLC-50/60 type Nichimitsu Manufacturing Co., Ltd.)
), and the pressure was reduced to 500 mmHg using a vacuum pump. In the sub-tank, caustic soda concentration 21%, anionic surfactant (Silvit P-25 manufactured by Ipposha Oil and Fat ■) 0
．． A 2% aqueous solution was prepared and injected after stopping the vacuum pump. After the aqueous solution is completely injected, the flow rate is set to 1014/min/kg in the In-put flow direction, and the temperature is 50°C.
The treatment was carried out for 30 minutes. After the treatment, it was washed with water for 20 minutes, hot water washed at 80°C for 10 minutes, neutralized at 80°C for 10 minutes, and softened with a spinning oil at 40°C for 10 minutes. The obtained alkali-treated roving is dehydrated, dried,
It is processed into the spinning machine and is then unraveled by the draft.
A spun yarn of count 0 was obtained. The obtained spun yarn was knitted into an interlock structure using a 32-gauge double-sided circular knitting machine, and subjected to bleaching, dyeing, application of a finishing agent, and dry finish setting using commonly known methods.

Example 2 The same cheese as in Example 1 was placed in a commonly known high-pressure cheese dyeing machine, and the pressure was reduced to 700 mmHg using a vacuum pump. After stopping the vacuum pump, high pressure steam was introduced and steam set was performed.

An aqueous solution containing caustic soda at a concentration of 21% and an anionic surfactant (Silpit P-25 manufactured by Ipposha Yushi ■) at 0.2% was prepared in a sub-tank, and after the vacuum pump was stopped, the solution was injected. After the aqueous solution was completely injected, the flow rate was set at 101/min·kg in the In-0ut flow direction, and treatment was performed at 50° C. for 30 minutes. After treatment, wash with water for 20 minutes and hot water for 8 minutes.
0°C for 10 minutes, neutralization at 80°C for 10 minutes,
A softening treatment using a spinning oil was performed at ℃ for 10 minutes.

The obtained alkali-treated roving was spun and knitted in the same manner as in Example 1, and was subjected to bleaching, dyeing, addition of a polishing agent, and dry finishing in the same manner.

Comparative Example 1 The same roving as that used in Example 1 was used, and all the treatments were the same except that the alkali treatment was not performed.

Comparative Example 2 The same roving as that used in Example 1 was used, except that the roving was not treated with alkali, but was bleached in the field and then mercerized. Processed.

Comparative Example 3 The same roving used in Example 1 was used, and the same treatment as in Example 2 was carried out except that the alkali treatment was not performed.

As shown in Table 1, the results obtained in the Examples and Comparative Examples above, the Examples are more advantageous in terms of dyeing density and dyeing unevenness than Comparative Examples 1.3 and mercerized knitted fabrics. Comparative Example 2 has a hard feel and is inferior in bulkiness.

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention makes it possible to industrially advantageously obtain a material with a very bulky texture and good dyeability by mercerizing the roving. The scope of application will be significantly expanded.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of a bobbin suitable for carrying out the present invention.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Short fibers containing cellulose fibers are made into rovings through a spinning process, and this is 0.1 to 0.5 g/cm^3
After forming cheese by rolling the cheese at a rolling density of A method for mercerizing roving yarn, which is characterized by performing a process of fluidizing a highly concentrated caustic soda solution, followed by washing with water and neutralization. (2) Short fibers containing cellulose fibers are made into rovings through a spinning process, and after winding this at a winding density of 0.1 to 0.5 g/m^3 to form cheese, the cheese is Set it in a sealed container and reduce the pressure to 760mmHg or less,
A method for mercerizing roving yarn, which is characterized in that, after high-pressure steam is injected, a highly concentrated caustic soda solution at a temperature of 40 to 60°C is fluidized, washed with water, and neutralized.