JPH02252892A - Method for constructing underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve constructing operation efficiency by pressing in a of pipes in parallel in the portion between a starting side and an arriving side to form a pipe roof, and advancing an underground structure while interposing spacer members in a gap portion. CONSTITUTION:A starting side shaft 2 and in arriving side shaft 3 are excavated on the ground on both sides and a pipe 4 is horizontally pressed in the direction of crossing a road 1 from the starting side shaft 2. Then, pipes 4 are pressed in one by one in parallel to the pressed-in pipe 4 to form a pipe root 5 in the ground between both shafts 2, 3 under the road 1. A sliding base 6 is laid on the bottom face of the starting shaft 2 and an underground structure 8 is installed thereon following after an excavator 7. The pipe roof 5 is supported by the top face of the underground structure 8 via relaying members 13 and spacers 14, and the underground structure 8 is propelled in the underground. Thereby, the underground structure having a long executing distance can be efficiently constructed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for constructing an underground structure that traverses under railroad tracks or under roads.

[Conventional technology]

As a countermeasure against railroad crossing accidents and road traffic congestion, underground structures have been constructed to create grade-separated intersections between railways and roads.

The method for constructing such an underground structure is to excavate a shaft on both sides of the track or road, and then install friction cut members on the surface in contact with the ground from one shaft side toward the other shaft. By press-fitting a plurality of rectangular cross-sectional pipes in parallel into at least the upper floor cross-sectional position of the planned underground passage section, a pipe roof that penetrates the planned underground passage part is formed between the compatible piles, and then one shaft side With the front end of the ready-made underground structure in contact with the rear end of the pipe roof, the underground structure is propelled while excavating and removing the earth and sand inside the underground structure, and the friction cut member is inserted into the ground. A method has been adopted in which the pipe roof is left inside and replaced with the underground structure.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, according to the above conventional method, the underground structure is propelled along the lower surface of the friction cut member while pressing the rear end of the pipe roof with the front end surface of the upper floor of the underground structure. Before burying the underground structure, a plurality of pipes must be sequentially press-fitted between the compatible piles to form a pipe roof so that the bottom surface of the friction cut member matches the top surface of the planned underground passage.

However, when press-fitting a pipe, it is a one-sided push from one shaft to the other, and in addition, the press-in condition changes due to differences in strength due to the hardness and softness of the ground, and the presence of boulders in the ground. Press-fitting is done by inserting an earth auger into the pipe and excavating the ground in front of it, which creates a rotational reaction force on the pipe, so it is necessary to keep the multiple pipes on the same horizontal plane over their entire length. It becomes difficult to press-fit accurately, and each pipe constituting the pipe roof is displaced in the vertical direction toward the tip, resulting in an uneven bottom surface of the pipe roof.

This not only makes it difficult to smoothly propel the underground structure along the underside of the pipe roof, but also causes the underground structure to press against the underside of the pipe roof during its propulsion, causing the overlying earth and sand to heave up. There are cases in which the pipe roof is moved away from the bottom surface of the pipe roof and the earth and sand are caused to sink in, which has a negative impact on railways and roads.

In particular, when the construction distance of the above-mentioned pipe roof, that is, the construction length of the underground structure, is increased, the above-mentioned problems occur significantly and the construction becomes extremely difficult. This is done by press-fitting the shape of the pipe roof from the side of the balancing machine and joining them at the intermediate point, but even in this case, it is difficult to join the pipe roofs on the same plane, and the above problem occurs. It is.

The present invention provides a method for constructing an underground structure aimed at solving these problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the method for constructing an underground structure according to claim (2) of the present invention includes horizontally press-fitting a plurality of pipes penetrating between the starting side and the arriving side so that they are in parallel. A pipe roof is formed by this, and the ground in front of the underground structure is excavated through the inside of the underground structure with the top surface of the underground structure positioned below the bottom surface of the pipe roof. The present invention is characterized in that a spacer member is interposed in a gap created between the lower surface of the pipe roof and the upper surface of the underground structure, and the underground structure is advanced along the lower surface of the spacer member. Item ■
The method for constructing the underground structure described is to press-fit multiple pipes horizontally in parallel from the starting side and the reaching side, and join the tips of both pipes to each other at the midpoint between the starting side and the reaching side. With the upper surface of the underground structure positioned below the lower surface of the pipe roof, the underground structure is moved from the starting side and the reaching side, or from the starting side toward the reaching side. Then, the ground on the front side is excavated and removed through the inside of the underground structure, and the spacer member is interposed in the gap created between the lower surface of the pipe roof and the upper surface of the underground structure, and the spacer member is moved forward along the lower surface of the spacer member. It is characterized by allowing

Furthermore, the method for constructing an underground structure according to claim (2) of the present invention involves arranging in parallel a plurality of pipes that pass through between the starting side and the reaching side and have edge cutting plates placed on their upper surfaces. A pipe roof is formed by horizontally press-fitting the pipe roof, and the ground in front of the underground structure is moved underground with the top surface of the underground structure positioned below the bottom surface of the edge plate of the pipe roof. While excavating through the inside of the structure, a spacer member is interposed in the gap created between the lower surface of the edge cut plate and the upper surface of the underground structure, and the lower surface of the spacer member is removed with the edge cut plate remaining underground. The feature is that the underground structure and the pipe roof are propelled toward the destination along the path.

[For production]

A device that propels the underground structure by being positioned below the bottom surface of the pipe roof into which the top surface of the underground structure is press-fitted, or, if an edge cutting plate is placed on the top surface of the pipe roof, from the bottom surface of the edge cutting plate. Therefore, even if the pipes in the pipe roof are not precisely aligned in parallel on a horizontal plane but are press-fitted in an uneven arrangement, the underground structure can be moved smoothly regardless of the press-fitting condition. .

Furthermore, if an edge cutting plate is placed between the bottom surface of the pipe roof and the top surface of the underground structure, or on the top surface of the pipe roof, the bottom surface of the edge cutting plate and the underground Since the spacer member is interposed between the upper surfaces of the structure, the underground structure can be propelled while firmly supporting the pipe roof or edge plate through the spacer member on the upper surface of the underground structure. An underground structure can be efficiently constructed even if the construction distance is long without causing the overlying earth and sand to rise or sink.

When an edge cutting board is placed on the top surface of the pipe roof, the pipe roof is pushed forward by the tip surface of the underground structure and pushed out toward the reaching side, so the pipe can be recovered. It can be reused, and in addition, it can be constructed at a shallower location than when burying the pipe roof.

Alternatively, a pipe roof can be formed by horizontally press-fitting multiple pipes from the starting side and reaching side so that they are in parallel, and joining the tips of both pipes to each other at the intermediate part between the starting side and reaching side. This makes it easier to press-fit the pipe, and reduces the degree of unevenness on the tip side, making it possible to construct underground structures over long construction distances. In this case, construction workability can be further improved by propelling the underground structure from the starting side and the destination side.

[Example 1] The method of constructing an underground passage that crosses under a road according to an embodiment of the present invention will be explained based on the drawings. First, a starting side shaft (2) and a destination side shaft ( 3) Excavate. Note that if the road (1) is elevated and there are spaces on both sides, the - side may be set as the starting side and the other side may be set as the arrival side.

Next, a pipe (4) having a rectangular or circular cross section is horizontally press-fitted into the ground below the road (1) from the starting shaft (2) in a direction across the road (1), that is, in the direction of the planned underground passage. This pipe (4) is press-fitted by inserting an earth auger (not shown) into its hollow interior to excavate the ground on the side of the press-in tip, and then jacking the rear end of the pipe from the starting shaft (2) while expelling it backwards. etc. until it reaches the reaching side shaft (3).

In addition, the pipe (4) is press-fitted into the ground while sequentially connecting pipes having a certain length in the longitudinal direction with appropriate bolt members such as bolts (by which the length reaches the reaching side shaft (3)). It is formed in

In parallel to the pipe (4) press-fitted in this way, the next pipe (
4) is press-fitted in the same manner as above to form a pipe roof (5) that is wider than the width of the planned underground passage in the ground between the shaft shafts (2) and (3) under the road.

In addition, the adjacent pipes (4) (4) may be press-fitted in contact with each other, or, as shown in FIG. It may be press-fitted.

Next, after laying a slide (6) on the bottom of the starting shaft (2), a Metsusel excavator with a cutting edge (9) integrally provided at the tip, or a cutting machine consisting only of a cutting edge with a cutting edge (9) at the tip, is installed. Install the excavator (7).

The cross-sectional shape of the main body or cutting edge of this excavator (7) is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the underground structure (8) that constitutes the underground passage, or is it so that the front end of the underground structure (8) can be inserted into it. Each pipe (4) has a large size and is completely open on the upper surface side, and a plurality of pipe support jacks aΦ are press-fitted onto the support member OD installed in the width direction on the upper surface.
It is fixed at regular intervals in the width direction in correspondence with the width direction.

Furthermore, the propulsion of this tunneling machine (7) is limited to the reaching side vertical shaft (
3) to the starting shaft (2), or it is propelled together with the underground structure (8) by a push jack 021, which will be described later.
In the case of the Metsusel excavator (7), it is propelled in a known manner by taking a reaction force from the sheet pile pressed against the ground.

Also, the upper surface of the underground structure (8) is a pipe roof (5).
It is disposed on the slide (6) following the excavator (7) so as to be positioned below the lower surface of the slide by an appropriately small distance.

In order to press-fit the excavator σ) arranged in this way and the underground structure (8) following the excavator (7) into the ground under the road, first, the After lowering the supporting jack aΦ and making the external force from above unloaded, the excavator (7) is propelled to excavate the ground along the pipe roof (5) that is press-fitted and buried under the road. Then, the excavated earth and sand are taken into the underground structure (8) and the starting side shaft (
2) Discharge.

On the other hand, the underground structure (8) follows the excavator (7) by a reaction support wall material (multiple press jacks 021 supported by one) installed on the rear wall of the starting shaft (2). move it forward.

When the tunneling machine (7) advances by a certain stroke (a) and stops, the supporting jack Q (D) is raised to support the pipe roof (5), and the tunneling machine (ηΦ rear end surface and the front end face of the underground structure (8), or if the underground structure (8) is propelled integrally with the cutting edge, use the upper end opening of the cutting edge to move the underground structure (8) A predetermined number of the rectangular block-shaped splicing material Q31 and spacer circles transported through the interior are supplied to the space 051 between the pipe roof (5) and the underground structure (8) created by the excavation.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2, on the upper surface of the underground structure (8) that has been propelled by a certain stroke (a), the joint material 031 is sequentially positioned below each pipe (4) of the pipe roof (5). Placed at regular intervals in the width direction, and between these joint surfaces and the upper pipes (4) corresponding to each joint material Q3),
A spacer (04) having a height corresponding to the distance is interposed, and the joint material (04) and the spacer (04) are interposed on the upper surface of the underground structure (8).
b) to support the pipe roof (5) (see Figure 4).

Further, a fixing member α force such as a wire is connected to the rear end of each joint material side, and the rear end of the fixing member Q7 is fixed to the reaction force supporting wall material (2) to fix the joint material surface at a fixed position. In this case, the fixing member θ may be connected to the rear end of the pipe roof (5) to fix the joint surface.

Note that the lower surface of the joint material 0■ is formed to be a smooth surface, or a smooth plate-like material is closely attached to the lower surface to reduce the coefficient of friction.

In addition, the joint material 0 has a width in the longitudinal direction equal to the stroke (a) of the excavator (7), but it should be divided into as many pieces as the number of pipes (4). A single joint material made of H-beam steel or the like with a length equal to the width of the underground structure (8) is used, and each pipe (4) is placed on this joint material.
As mentioned above, a plurality of spacers (B) may be interposed at regular intervals in response to this, and the supply of these joint surfaces and spacers 04 onto the underground structure (8) is as follows: It may also be carried into the space 06) from the starting side shaft (2).

Furthermore, the excavated surfaces exposed at both ends of the upper surface of the underground structure (8) are covered with earth retaining members 08)08).

In this way, the spacer 04 is inserted into the space 0ω on the front end of the upper surface of the underground structure (8) through the joint material 03).
After installing the support member OD on the excavator (7), lower the support member OD on the excavator (7) and connect the excavator (7) and underground structure (8) again.
While moving forward by a certain stroke (a), joint material 03) and spacer 0 are carried onto the upper surface side of the underground structure (8).

When promoting the underground structure (8), joint material 0■ is fixed member 0
7), the underground structure (8) moves forward using the joint material Q3) as a guide while sliding its upper surface on the smooth lower surface of the joint material Q3).

As a result of this advancement, the placement surface of the joint material surface that had been placed on the front end of the upper surface of the underground structure (8) moves forward, and the joint material (13) is placed on the top surface in the same manner as described above. The joint surface is fixed integrally with the front end surface of the joint surface that has already been installed by welding or the like, and the rear end surface is in contact with the front end surface of the joint surface that has already been installed, and the space between each pipe (4) is fixed on the upper surface thereof. A spacer 04) having a size corresponding to 100 mm is interposed.

In this way, the work of propelling the excavator (7) and the underground structure (8) into the ground by moving forward with a certain stroke, the arrangement of a joint surface with a dimensional width corresponding to the stroke, and the adjacent work in the front and rear direction. joining the joint material sides to each other, and interposing a spacer Q41 having a height corresponding to the distance between the joint material surface and the pipe (4) facing above the joint material 0. , and the installation of the earth retaining member 0■ are carried out sequentially to propel a ready-made underground structure (8) into the ground having a certain length. After the burying work of this underground structure (8),
The above work is performed while adding the next underground structure (8) and making it slide into contact with the lower surface of the joint material side. From then on, the underground structures (8) are successively connected and the above work is repeated to connect both vertical shafts ( A series of underground structures (8) form an underground passage between 2) and (3).

In this way, the underground structure (8) on the forefront side becomes the reaching side shaft (3).
When the underpass is constructed, the inside of the pipe (4) of the pipe roof (5) and the space 00 between the pipe roof (5) and the underground structure (8) are filled with mortar or the like.

In addition, in this underground passage construction method, pipe roof (
5) is formed from the departure side shaft (2) to the arrival side shaft (3)
The pipe (4) was formed by press-fitting the pipe (4) between the shafts (2) and (3) in order to pass through the shafts (2) and (3). It may also be formed by press-fitting the pipes (4) on both sides at the intermediate part between the shafts (2) and (3), and in this case, the tip of each pipe (4) The amount of displacement on the side is smaller than when press-fitting over the entire length between both shafts (2) and (3), and if the amount of displacement is the same, it would be necessary to construct an underground passage twice as long as the other. It is possible.

Also, along the lower side of the pipe roof (5) formed in this way, from the side of both shafts (2) and (3), the lower surface of the pipe roof (5) and the underground structure (8 )
Joint material 03) and spacer 04) in the gap created between the upper surfaces of
It is also possible to propel and bury the underground structures (8) (8) underground while interposing the underground structures (8), thereby making it possible to construct an underground passage using a series of underground structures (8) more efficiently.

In this case, the excavators (7), such as blades, facing each other in the middle between the shafts (2) and (3) may be dismantled and removed through the underground structure (8).

[Example 2] In the above examples, the pipe roof (5) was buried underground, but an underground passage was constructed in the same manner as above while replacing the pipe roof (5) with the underground structure (8). The construction method will be explained based on FIGS. 5 to 7.

First, a square pipe (4) with a cut plate made of thin strip steel placed on its upper surface is horizontally press-fitted and buried in the ground under the road between the shaft shafts (2) and (3). At this time, edge cutting plate 09
) is fixed to the top end of the square pipe (4) by welding or the like, and then the square pipe (4) is press-fitted in the same manner as in the above embodiment.
), by connecting square pipes adjacent to each other in the width direction, and press-fitting a plurality of square pipes in parallel so that they are at least as wide as the width of the planned underground passage (5)
, and each square pipe (4) protrudes into the reaching side shaft (3).
) and the tip of the edge cutting plate side are removed by cutting, etc.

Next, an excavator such as a Metsusel excavator that is integrally provided with a cutting edge (9) at the tip (force is applied to the starting side shaft (2) so that the upper edge of the cutting edge (9) is along the lower surface of the pipe roof (5). Installed inside.

In addition, when a gap occurs between the upper end of the excavator (7) and each square pipe (4) of the pipe roof (5), an adjustment piece (23) such as a small jack is interposed in the gap.

There is a pipe roof (5) on the upper surface of the rear end of this excavator (7).
A support girder Q (Il) is integrally provided to abut and receive the rear end of the support beam.

On the other hand, an underground structure (8) to be followed by the excavator (7) via a propulsion jack (21) is arranged in the shaft (2) so that its upper surface is located below the edge cutting plate 09). Edge cutting board 0! ? After the rear end of l is fixed to the reaction force support wall material 05) of the starting side shaft (2) via a fixing member (17) such as a wire, when the excavator (7) is propelled, the The ground is excavated by the excavator (7), and the excavated soil is transported to the starting shaft (2) through the underground structure (8). The roof (5) is pushed forward according to the propulsion of the excavator (7) while slidingly contacting the lower surface of the edge cutting plate atlJ, and its tip reaches the reaching side shaft (3) by the same length as the propulsion stroke of the excavator (7). protrude inward.

Through the propulsion of this excavator (7) and the subsequent advancement of the underground structure (8), the upper surface of the underground structure (8) and the edge cutting plate (193)
A space 0ω is formed between the lower surfaces of the space 06).
The joint material 03) and the spacer side are supplied to the top surface of the underground structure (8) as in the previous embodiment, and the stroke and width dimensions in the front and back directions of the excavator (7) and the underground structure (8) are the same. The joint material 0ω is placed in the width direction, and each edge cutting plate 09 is placed on this joint material side.
) Spacers 04 are installed at predetermined intervals in the width direction so as to face the lower surfaces of the edges (B), and the edge cutting plate 09) is supported via the spacers (B).

In the embodiment described above, the rear end of the edge cutting plate (19) which is arranged first is fixed in a towed state to the reaction force support wall material 05) on the shaft (2) side via a fixing member θ'7). Furthermore, each time the underground structure (8) is propelled by a certain stroke by the excavator (7) and the pressing jack 02), the joint surfaces are sequentially connected by welding or the like, and the upper surface and the edge cutting plate 09 are connected. ) The work of interposing the spacer side between the lower surfaces of the parts is the same.

Also, as the excavator (force) excavates, the pipe roof (5) protrudes into the reaching side shaft (3), but if the protruding length reaches an appropriate length, each pipe (4) will be cut and removed. Alternatively, the pipe (4) may be removed by releasing the joint portions connected to each fixed length dimension.

In this way, the work of propelling the excavator (7) and the underground structure (8) into the ground by advancing with a certain stroke, the arrangement of joint material 03) having a dimension width corresponding to the stroke, and the forward and backward direction. Joining of adjacent joint materials 0■ and edge cutting plate 09 facing above the joint material (+31 and said joint material 03)
A spacer 0 having a height dimension according to the distance between
The intervention work in step 4) and the removal work of the pipe roof (5) pushed out into the reaching side shaft (3) are repeated one after another, and a ready-made underground structure (8) having a certain length is successively followed while the pipe roof (5) is removed under the road. A series of underground structures (8) are buried in the ground of An underground passage is constructed between the shafts (2) and (3) by filling with mortar and the like.

Note that the tunneling machine (7) may be propelled by being pulled from the destination shaft (2) without using the jack (21).

In addition, in each of the above embodiments, the joint material side and the spacer 04
) are formed separately, but a spacer (1
/D may be formed in a spacer member integrally provided.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the method for constructing an underground structure of the present invention,
If an edge cut plate is placed on the lower surface of the pipe roof where the upper surface of the underground structure is press-fitted into the ground, or on the top surface of the pipe roof, it should be located below the bottom surface of the edge cut plate. Because it propels the underground structure, even if the pipes in the pipe roof are not lined up precisely in parallel on a horizontal plane but are press-fitted in an uneven arrangement, the underground structure cannot be moved regardless of how they are press-fitted. It is possible to move smoothly and accurately (to improve work efficiency).

Furthermore, if a spacer member is interposed between the lower surface of the pipe roof and the upper surface of the underground structure, or if an edge cutting plate is placed on the upper surface of the pipe roof, the pipe roof is pushed by the tip surface of the underground structure. However, since a spacer member is interposed between the lower surface of the edge cutting plate and the upper surface of the underground structure, and the underground structure is propelled along the lower surface of this spacer member, the spacer member is interposed on the upper surface of the underground structure. The underground structure can be propelled while reliably supporting the pipe roof or edge plate, and there is no risk of the earth and sand placed on the pipe roof or edge plate being raised or submerged, and no damage to railways or roads is caused. Underground structures can be constructed efficiently without any negative impact.

In addition, when an edge cutting plate is placed on the top surface of the pipe roof, the pipe roof is pushed toward the reaching side while being pushed forward by the tip surface of the underground structure.
It is economical because the pipe can be recovered and reused for constructing the next underground structure, and it can be constructed at a shallower location than when burying the pipe roof. It is something that can be done.

Alternatively, a pipe roof can be formed by horizontally press-fitting multiple pipes from the starting side and reaching side so that they are in parallel, and joining the tips of both pipes to each other at the intermediate part between the starting side and reaching side. For example, it is easy to straighten the pipe, the degree of unevenness of the pipe roof on the tip side is reduced, and therefore underground structures that require a long construction distance can be constructed efficiently. By propelling from the starting side and the reaching side, construction workability can be further improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing the construction state of the underground structure, and FIG. Figure 3 is 1
Fig. 4 is a simplified longitudinal sectional side view of the state in which the joint material and spacer are arranged by advancing the stroke, Fig. 4 is a simplified longitudinal sectional front view thereof, Fig. 5
6 is a simplified vertical sectional side view showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a simplified vertical sectional front view of the cutting edge portion of the excavator, and FIG. 7 is a simplified vertical sectional front view of a state in which a spacer is provided. (1)...Road, (2)...Starting side shaft, (3)...
...Reaching shaft, (4)...pipe, (5)...pipe roof, (7)...excavator, (8)...underground structure, surface...joint material, round ...Spacer, 06)...
Space, 0'I)...Fixing member, 09)...Edge cutting plate, Q(D...Support girder.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A pipe roof is formed by penetrating between the departure side and the destination side and press-fitting multiple pipes horizontally in parallel, and the top surface of the underground structure is opposed to the bottom surface of this pipe roof. The ground in front of the underground structure is excavated through the inside of the underground structure while the pipe roof is positioned downward, and a spacer member is interposed in the gap created between the lower surface of the pipe roof and the upper surface of the underground structure. , a method for constructing an underground structure characterized by advancing the underground structure along the lower surface of the spacer member. (2) Create a pipe roof by press-fitting multiple pipes horizontally in parallel from the starting side and reaching side, and joining the tips of both pipes to each other at the midpoint between the starting side and reaching side. With the upper surface of the underground structure located below the lower surface of this pipe roof, the underground structure is moved from the starting side and the reaching side, or from the starting side toward the reaching side, The method is characterized in that the ground is excavated through the inside of the underground structure, and the ground is advanced along the lower surface of the spacer member while interposing a spacer member in the gap created between the lower surface of the pipe roof and the upper surface of the underground structure. How to construct an underground structure. (3) A pipe roof is formed by horizontally press-fitting multiple pipes that pass through between the departure side and the destination side and have edge cutting plates placed on the top surface so that they are in parallel. With the top surface of the underground structure positioned below the lower surface of the edge cutting plate of the pipe roof, the ground in front of the underground structure is excavated through the inside of the underground structure, and the edge cutting plate is removed. A spacer member is interposed in the gap created between the lower surface and the upper surface of the underground structure, and the underground structure and the pipe roof are moved to the reaching side along the lower surface of the spacer member with the edge cutting plate remaining underground. A method for constructing an underground structure characterized by propelling it towards the target.