JPH0224506B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a novel tea manufacturing and roughing method and a tea manufacturing and roughing device. Specifically, the tea manufacturing conditions involved in the rough rolling process, that is, the transition of control values of control elements such as hot air temperature, hot air volume, spindle rotation speed, spindle position, etc., are determined by the quality of herbal medicine, steaming conditions, etc. Multiple ready-made patterns are stored in digital memory in advance according to steamed leaf quality, etc., and the rough kneading time can be set arbitrarily by the user, so that even if the same pattern is selected, the rough kneading time set above is If the kneading time is different, the control value of each step of the pattern can be made to change at different times, and by doing this, even if the number of prepared patterns is limited, it can be made infinite. It is possible to set more optimal roughening conditions according to the changing quality of steamed leaves, and it is also possible to always obtain coarsely crushed leaves of a certain level of quality, regardless of the skill level of the roughening process manager. The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel tea manufacturing and rough rolling method and tea manufacturing and rough rolling process.

Background technology and its problems The significance of the tea manufacturing process is that the tea leaves steamed in the previous process are gradually dried with hot air while being rolled and pressed in a rolling drying chamber until the residual water content in the tea leaves reaches approximately 50%. be.

The tea manufacturing and rough rolling process is generally performed as follows. That is, a main shaft is rotatably arranged in a drying chamber having a roughly cylindrical kneading barrel, and a kneading hand for pressing the tea leaves against the inner surface of the kneading barrel and applying pressure to the main shaft, and a kneading hand for scraping and scooping the tea leaves. A dredge for drying is attached, the tea leaves that have undergone the steaming process are put into the drying chamber, the main shaft is rotated to apply pressure and agitation to the tea leaves, and the tea leaves are rolled and dried. The tea leaves are gradually dried by supplying hot air into the room.

By the way, in the tea manufacturing process, it is important to maintain the leaf temperature at around 36 to 37 degrees Celsius while drying the leaves as constant as possible without over-drying. If these requirements are not met, the tea leaves will yellow, break, and
This results in various quality deteriorations such as a grassy smell or a stuffy smell.

Therefore, in general, in order to carry out the rough rolling process, the tea manufacturing conditions involved in the rough rolling process, such as the temperature and amount of hot air supplied into the rolling drying chamber, the rotation speed of the main shaft, the position of the leaf stopper, or the rolling barrel of the main shaft, must be adjusted. Control elements such as the position relative to the inner surface are appropriately controlled.

However, controlling such control elements is extremely difficult, and it is impossible to unconditionally define the control values. This is because tea is, so to speak, a living thing, and for example, there are differences in the time of picking, such as visible buds and stiff leaves, differences in tea varieties, differences in production areas, differences in annual rainfall and sunshine hours, and differences in the day before the day of harvesting. The condition of fresh leaves changes slightly due to various conditions such as differences in weather, and furthermore, the quality of the steamed leaves introduced into this rough rolling process varies depending on the steaming treatment in the previous process. This is because it is something you do. In addition, the properties of the tea leaves in the rough rolling process gradually change as the process progresses. For example, the shape gradually withers, the water content gradually decreases, the exudation of internal water gradually becomes slower, and the leaf clusters gradually form clumps.

Therefore, it is necessary to control each of the above-mentioned control elements according to the above-mentioned differences in steamed leaf quality and the progress of the process. However, even if control is performed according to the differences in steamed leaf quality or the progress of the process, it is difficult for inexperienced process managers to judge the differences in steamed leaf quality or the progress of the process. It has become extremely difficult to control control elements with specific control values.

Moreover, the requirements necessary for controlling each of the above-mentioned control elements are not only the "control value" but also the time for which the control value is maintained, that is, the "step time." This is because, as mentioned above, the properties of tea leaves in the rough rolling process change gradually as the process progresses, so even if the control value is the same, if the duration of the control value is different, the tea manufacturing conditions for the tea leaves will be different. This is because, especially in the rough-milling process, subtle differences in the duration of this control value greatly affect the quality of the coarsely-milled leaves.

From this point of view, in the tea manufacturing and rough rolling process, a skilled technician called a tea master is always by the side of the rough rolling machine and monitors the progress of the rough rolling process. The reality is that each tea manufacturing element, such as the temperature of hot air, is controlled during the coarse rolling process, based on experience and intuition, with reference to texture, wetness, etc. In addition, tea manufacturing is carried out in a battlefield-like environment, and it is difficult to record the opening of the airflow damper and the duration of the opening, which can be changed at any time during the roughening process. do not have.

Under these circumstances, it has long been known in this industry that even inexperienced process managers can obtain rough-milled leaves of a certain quality or higher, and that the rough-milling process can be easily operated. There has been a strong demand for the development of a tea manufacturing and rough rolling method and a tea manufacturing and rough rolling process.

Purpose of the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and includes storing in advance a plurality of ready-made patterns in a digital memory, which serve as indicators of changes in control values of control elements involved in the rough-rubbing process. Moreover, even if the number of prepared patterns is limited, it is possible to set more optimal roughening conditions according to the infinitely changing quality of steamed leaves, and regardless of the skill level of the roughening process manager. To provide a new tea manufacturing method and a tea manufacturing equipment which can always obtain coarsely rolled leaves of a certain level of quality.

Summary of the Invention In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the tea making and rough rolling method of the present invention has the following features: etc., in a tea manufacturing and rough rolling method in which one rough rolling process is completed while each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process progresses sequentially as the process progresses, one or more tea manufacturing elements are divided into a plurality of steps. A plurality of ready-made patterns that serve as indicators of the transition in the rough-rubbing step 1 are stored in advance in a digital memory, and one of these patterns can be selected as needed. The time can be set arbitrarily, and the time allocated to each step of the selected ready-made pattern is calculated by dividing the rough kneading time set above by the total number of steps. The present invention is characterized in that the first rough kneading step is completed by changing the control elements using the set pattern and set time as indicators.

In addition, the tea roughening device of the present invention is capable of controlling each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process, such as the temperature of hot air sent into the rolling drying chamber, the amount of hot air, the rotation speed of the spindle on which the crusher and dredge are attached, and the position of the spindle. The tea manufacturing and roughening apparatus is configured to complete the first roughening step by sequentially changing the steps as the process progresses, and includes a rolling and drying chamber for rolling and drying the tea leaves, and a hot air generating means. , a means for supplying hot air into the rolling drying chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed within the rolling drying chamber and equipped with a crushing hand for compressing the tea leaves in the rolling drying chamber and a dredge for scraping up the tea leaves, and each of the above-mentioned tea manufacturing elements. at least one operating unit for operating at least one of the tea manufacturing elements, a digital memory that stores a pattern that is an index of the transition during the rough rolling process of the tea manufacturing element, and a pattern stored by the digital memory. and a rough kneading time setting means for inputting an arbitrary rough kneading time into the control part, and the digital memory stores one or more predetermined patterns. , the control section selects any pattern from the pre-made patterns according to the user's selection, and selects a coarse kneading time set to be allocated to each step of the selected pattern. It is characterized in that the operation section can be controlled by determining the number of steps by dividing the number of steps by the total number of steps.

EXAMPLES The details of the tea manufacturing method and tea manufacturing and roughing device of the present invention will be explained below. For the sake of convenience, the order of explanation will be first about the tea manufacturing and rough rolling apparatus, and then about the tea manufacturing and rough rolling method.

Embodiment of the Apparatus FIGS. 1 to 10 show an example of the implementation of the tea manufacturing and roughening apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a tea processing machine 1. As shown in FIG. 2 is a hot air generator attached to the tea processing machine 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a frame of a tea processing machine, on which a rolling barrel 4 and a main shaft drive section 5 are mounted. The massaging body 4 has a gutter shape with both ends closed.
A mounting door 6 that can be opened and closed is formed at the lower part of the front side to take out the tea leaves after rough rolling. A main shaft 7 is rotatably provided in the kneading barrel 4, passing through the kneading barrel 4 in the axial direction and being rotated by the drive unit 5, and a large number of kneading hands 8, 8, . . . are mounted on the main shaft 7. and dredges 9, 9, ... are attached. 10 is massaging body 4
This is a stirring chamber connected to the upper end of the chamber, and a window 11 that can be opened and closed is provided on the front surface, and a hot air blowing port 12 is opened on the rear surface. . 13 is the stirring chamber 10
There is a steamed leaf pool located at the upper end exhaust port, and when tea leaves are put into this pool until it reaches a predetermined weight and the lower doors 14, 14 are opened as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 2, the pool is opened. The tea leaves in 13 are put into a rolling drying chamber composed of a rolling barrel 4 and a stirring chamber 10. Note that this steamed leaf pool 13 is usually equipped with a tea leaf weight measuring device. Reference numeral 15 denotes a wire mesh that covers the upper end exhaust port of the stirring chamber 10. Reference numerals 16, 16, . . . are displacement adjustment dampers disposed inside the wire mesh 15 at the upper end of the agitation chamber 10, and the opening/closing degree of the dampers is adjusted by a damper adjustment motor 17 fixed to the frame 3. It's getting old. 18 is a hot air guide formed on the rear side of the stirring chamber 10, and a hot air generator 2 is connected at one end thereof.
The hot air outlet 19 is in communication with the hot air outlet 19 .

The hot air generator 2 includes a heat exchange section 20 and an air supply fan 21
It consists of The heat exchange unit 20 includes a furnace cylinder 23 and hot air passages 24, 2 connected to the furnace cylinder 23 in a casing 22.
4, . Chimney 2 through 24
It is discharged from 6. Incidentally, the burner 25 is provided with, for example, two nozzles that generate different amounts of heat (not shown), and these two nozzles are
The amount of heat can be adjusted in three stages by operating in two modes: one ignition, one ignition, and the other ignition. Air is introduced from the outside directly or through a suitable filter by an air fan 21, enters the casing 22 through an air inlet 27 communicating between the air fan 21 and the casing 22, and enters the casing 22 through a hot air outlet. 19 into the hot air conduit 18. When the air passes through the casing 22, it comes into contact with the heated surfaces of the furnace cylinder 23 and the hot air passages 24, 24, . . . and is heated to become hot air. Then, this hot air is supplied into the drying chamber from the hot air blowing ports 12, 12, . . . through the hot air guide 18. Although not shown, a damper for adjusting the amount of hot air whose opening/closing degree is controlled by a control motor 28 is arranged between the air supply fan 21 and the air supply port 27 .

The rough kneading process using the above-described rough kneader 1 is performed as follows. A predetermined amount of tea leaves that have completed the steaming process are introduced into the pool 13,
When the doors 14, 14 of the steamed leaf pool 13 are opened, the leaves are thrown into a drying room consisting of a kneading barrel 4 and a stirring room 10. The hot air generated by the hot air generator 2 passes through the hot air guide 18 to the hot air inlet 12,
12, ... is supplied into the drying chamber. and,
The main shaft 7 is rotated, and the tea leaves are pressed and kneaded against the kneading bottom by the kneaders 8, 8, . . .
It is stirred upward by... The tea leaves are then rubbed and agitated while coming into contact with hot air, gradually drying them and proceeding with the rough rolling process. The above operation is continued until the residual moisture content of the tea leaves reaches a predetermined value, and when the desired value is reached, the coarse rolling process is completed, the take-out door 6 is opened, and the tea leaves are taken out onto the conveyor 29 below. , and is sent to the next discussion process.

As mentioned earlier, the tea manufacturing and rough rolling process described above has the significance of drying the tea leaves steamed in the previous process until the residual moisture content is reduced to approximately 50%, but the residual moisture content is simply reduced. It is not enough to just reduce the amount to about 50%, but it must be done in a way that does not deteriorate the quality of the tea leaves, such as their color and aroma. In order to do this, each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process, such as the temperature of the hot air supplied to the rolling drying chamber, the amount of hot air, the rotation speed of the main shaft, and the position of the main shaft, must be adjusted in accordance with the progress of the process. Therefore, it is necessary to proceed sequentially. Therefore, the means by which these tea manufacturing elements are controlled in the tea manufacturing and roughening machine 1 will be explained by giving an example of these means.

First, the temperature of the hot air supplied to the drying chamber is controlled by adjusting the combustion degree of the burner 25. In this case, a temperature sensor is placed at an appropriate location on the hot air guide 18, and this detects the temperature of the hot air blown into the drying chamber. In other words, one of two modes may be selected: both of the two nozzles are ignited, only one of the nozzles is ignited, and only the other is ignited.

The amount of hot air supplied into the drying chamber depends on the number of revolutions of the air supply fan 21, the opening/closing degree of the exhaust volume adjustment dampers 16, 16, . It can be controlled by adjusting one or more of the opening/closing degrees of the damper disposed between the air port 27 and the damper.

The rotation speed of the main shaft 7 can be controlled, for example, by a mechanism shown in FIG. 30 is the main shaft drive unit 5
On this frame 30 is a reducer 3.
1 is fixed, and the output shaft (not shown) of this reducer 31 is connected to the main shaft 7 directly or via a universal joint or the like.
32 is a reducer pulley, which is connected to the input shaft 33 of the reducer 31.
is fixed. 34 is part 3 on frame 30
A main shaft drive motor 36 is fixed onto the speed change base 34, which is rotatably supported by the speed change base 5. A variable diameter pulley 38 is attached to the output shaft 37 of the main shaft drive motor 36, and a V belt 3 is connected between the variable diameter pulley 38 and the reduction gear pulley 32.
9 have been constructed. This variable diameter pulley 38 is formed by two members whose grooves for suspending the belt are joined by elastic pressure means, and when the speed change base 34 rotates in the direction of the solid line arrow, the pulley 38 moves away from the other pulley 32. As it moves away, the elastic force of the V-belt 39 acts between the two members forming the groove and widens the gap between them. As a result, the diameter of the groove in which the belt is placed has become smaller. Further, when the speed change base 34 rotates in the direction of the dotted arrow, the two members forming the groove move closer to each other by the elastic pressure means, and as a result, the diameter of the groove becomes larger. Reference numeral 40 denotes a speed change rod rotatably supported by the frame 30 at an intermediate portion 41. A sliding pin 42 is provided at one swinging end of the transmission rod 40, and this sliding pin 42 can freely slide into an elongated sliding hole 43 provided at the free end of the transmission base 34. is engaged with. The free end of the transmission base 34 is constantly pulled in the direction of the arrow by a spring 44. Shift rod 40
An elongated sliding hole 45 is formed at the other swing end. A control motor 46 is fixed on the frame 30 and swings the control rod 49 via a rotation transmission system 47 and a reduction gear 48. A roller 50 is rotatably provided at the swinging end of the control rod 49, and the roller 50 is slidably engaged with the sliding hole 45 of the speed change rod 40.

Therefore, the control rod 4 is controlled by the control motor 46.
9 is swung, the speed change rod 40 is also swung, and as a result, the speed change base 34 is swung, and the groove diameter of the variable diameter pulley 38 is increased in accordance with that direction.
Alternatively, the rotation speed applied to the input shaft 33 of the reducer 31 via the pulley 32 is changed, and therefore the rotation speed of the main shaft 7 is changed.

Adjustment of the relative position of the main shaft 7 with respect to the kneading bottom can be accomplished, for example, by using a mechanism as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. 51 is massaging body 4
This is a disk-shaped bearing disk that is rotatably supported by the frame 3 at both end positions of the frame 3. A bearing portion 52 for receiving an end of the main shaft 7 is formed at a position eccentric from the center of rotation of the bearing disk 51, and the end of the main shaft 7 is supported by this bearing portion 52. Reference numeral 53 denotes a changing rod whose one end is fixed to the bearing disc 51, and the other end of which is formed with a long hole 54 extending in the longitudinal direction.
A control motor 55 is fixed to the frame 3, and a control rod 57 is fixed to its output shaft 56. A pin 58 is provided at the tip of the control rod 57, and this pin 58 connects to the aforementioned change rod 53.
It is slidably engaged with the elongated hole 54 of. Note that the bearing disk 51, change rod 53, and control rod 57 as described above are provided not only on one side but also on the other side.

When the control rod 57 is rotated by the control motor 55 around the position of the output shaft 56 of the motor 55, the change rod 53, which is engaged with the tip thereof, rotates around the center of the bearing disc 51. Rotate as. Therefore, the bearing plate 51 which is in a fixed relationship with the change rod 53 is also rotated, and the position of the bearing portion 52 is changed to 2.
It is changed as shown by the dotted chain line. Therefore, the position of the main shaft 7 supported by the bearing portion 52 is changed. By changing the position of the main shaft 7 in this manner, the degree of kneading pressure on the tea leaves is changed. For example, when the main shaft 7 is at the position shown by the solid line in FIG.
When the position of becomes the position shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 4,
The kneading hands 8 will draw a trajectory shown by the two-dot chain line B, and the pressure applied to the tea leaves by the kneading hands 8 rotating in the direction shown by the arrow C will be increased compared to when drawing the trajectory A. That will happen. Therefore, by appropriately changing the position of the main shaft 7, the optimum degree of kneading pressure can be selected.

Reference numeral 59 denotes a leaf stopper plate disposed approximately in the upper center of the stirring chamber 10 so as to traverse it in the longitudinal direction. The leaf stopper 59 has links 60 ₁ , 60 ₂ ,
It is connected to a control motor 61 via a ₆₀₃ mechanism, and is configured to rotate about a shaft 62 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Depending on the position of the leaf stopper plate 59, the dredges 9, 9,...
The trajectory of the tea leaves stirred up by... changes.
That is, the locus will be drawn as shown by the arrows 1 to 2 corresponding to the symbols 1 to 2 added to the numeral "59" of the leaf stopper plate in FIG. Then, as the trajectory changes from A to D, the tea leaves fall directly below the main shaft 7, and the degree of rolling of the tea leaves increases.

Next, the details of the present invention will be explained in detail below.
As shown in FIG. 8, for a tea processing and roughing device consisting of four machines 1a to 1d arranged, a so-called microprocessor is used to control the temperature, hot air volume, and main shaft 7 of the hot air supplied to the rolling and drying room. An example will be explained in which the method is implemented for the purpose of automatically controlling only the rotation speed and the spindle position. In addition, in Fig. 8, 63 is a steamed leaf processing machine, 64 is a vertical bucket, 65 is an inclined conveyor,
66 is a horizontal conveyor, 67, 67 are input conveyors, and after steaming, the tea leaves are passed through a processing machine 63, and then transferred to a vertical bucket 64, and conveyors 65, 66, 67, 6.
7 and then put into the steamed leaf pool 13 described above.
Further, 68 and 68 are vibrating conveyors, 69 and 69 are vertical buckets, and 70 and 70 are massaging machines. After the rough rolling process, the tea leaves are supplied to rolling machines 70, 70 via vibrating conveyors 68, 68, vertical vats 69, 69.

FIG. 9 is a front view of the control panel (control section), FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the control section, and FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the procedure for controlling each tea manufacturing element.

In addition, in the control unit and flowchart shown in this embodiment, each of the control elements described above, that is, the temperature of hot air, the amount of hot air, the rotation speed of the main shaft, and the position of the main shaft, are created by the user in addition to the ready-made patterns prepared in advance. It is configured so that it can also be controlled by user patterns.

In FIG. 9, 71 is a power indicator light, which indicates whether the power source is alive or dead. 72 is a power switch. 7
Reference numeral 3 denotes a buzzer, which sounds when the pattern is finished being loaded or stored, and when the rough rubbing is finished and the time to take out the pattern has come. 74 is a push button for stopping the buzzer. A store area designation knob 75 designates the number of the area in which the pattern is to be stored. 76 is a pattern selection switch, the characters surrounded by frames on the left are stamps indicating instructions for existing patterns, and "individual creation" on the left is when the user creates patterns independently for each roughing machine 1a to 1d. Stamp indicating the position of the knob, 77
A to 77d are display lamps that indicate the number of the master roughing machine 1, and also indicate the number of the four roughing machines 1.
The number indicating the one whose process is most advanced is lit. "Program protection" is a mark that indicates the position to prevent the pattern from being rewritten or erased.It is a mark that indicates the position when preventing the pattern from being rewritten or erased. It is something. 78 is a load store switch, and when the calling side is turned down, the pattern in the store area with the number (recording number) specified with the store area designation knob 75 is transferred to the working area corresponding to the coarse kneading machine 1 with the number specified with the pattern selection switch 6. When the pattern selection switch 76 is moved to the recording side, the pattern in the working area corresponding to the roughing machine 1 with the number specified by the pattern selection switch 76 is stored in the store area with the number specified by the store area designation knob 75.

Reference numeral 79 is a rough kneading time setting device, and the user can arbitrarily set the time for the rough kneading step 1, that is, the time from when the steamed leaves are put into the kneading drum 4 to when they are taken out from the kneading drum 4. In this embodiment, the rough kneading time is set in minutes. Incidentally, the rough kneading time is set by operating push button type setting switches 80, 80. The rough kneading time set by the rough kneading time setter 79 also becomes important data for calculating the time allocated to each step of the existing pattern selected by the pattern selection switch 76. That is, in the present invention, the time allotted to each step of the selected ready-made pattern is calculated by dividing the rough kneading time set by the user by the total number of steps of the selected ready-made pattern. . For example, if the existing pattern consists of a total of 40 steps and the set rough kneading time is "40 minutes", the time of each step is 40 (minutes).
÷40 (steps) = 1 (minutes), and even if the same ready-made pattern as above is selected, if the set rough kneading time is "32 minutes", the time for each step is 32 (minutes). ) ÷ 40 (steps) = 0.8 (minutes). Therefore, even with one existing pattern, the time for each step, that is, the time for which each control value is maintained, will vary depending on the rough kneading time set. , it is possible to use a greater number of control patterns than the number of ready-made patterns that are actually prepared.

81a to 81d are indicators indicating the elapsed time of the rough kneading process, and indicate how many minutes have passed since the input of each rough kneader. Reference numerals 82a to 82d are input command switches, which are used to issue a start signal when starting rough kneading.

Reference numerals 83a to 83d are hot air temperature setting switches, which adjust the temperature of the hot air supplied to the rough kneading chamber by adjusting the combustion degree of the burner 25 mentioned above.
It is designed to maintain the temperature specified in ~83d. 84a to 84d are hot air volume setting switches, which are connected to the aforementioned exhaust volume adjustment dampers 16, 16, . . .
The amount of hot air supplied to the drying room can be adjusted by adjusting the amount appropriately. 85a
-85d is a main shaft rotation speed setting switch, which can adjust the rotation speed of the main shaft 7 by giving a command to the aforementioned control motor 46. 86a~
Reference numeral 86d denotes a main shaft position setting switch, which can give a command to the aforementioned control motor 55 to adjust the relative position of the main shaft 7 with respect to the bottom of the kneading machine. And these switches 82, 83, 8
Four 4, 85, and 86 are arranged corresponding to the four roughing machines 1a to 1d.

In addition, the above-mentioned hot air temperature setting switches 83a to 8
3d, hot air volume setting switches 84a to 84d, spindle rotation speed setting switches 85a to 85d, and spindle position setting switches 86a to 86d are used when the rough kneading process is to be executed according to a pattern of control values created by the user. However, it is not necessarily required to implement the present invention.

Reference numeral 87 denotes a memo sheet, which is optionally used to write down the contents of the patterns recorded in each store area.

Next, in FIG. 10, the CPU is a central processing unit. The EPROM is an erasable and writable read-only memory connected to the CPU, and in this embodiment eight ready-made patterns are written to the memory EPROM. That is, the ready-made pattern prepared in this example is selected by the selection switch 7 in FIG.
There are 8 types displayed on the left side of 6. These ready-made patterns are divided into steamed leaf quality categories, which are mainly based on the combination of fresh leaf quality and steaming heat, and the rough rolling conditions most suitable for each category are determined by experienced experts. Based on materials such as the tea master's experience or past experimental data, the transition of specific control values is written in a form divided into multiple steps. RAM is random access memory connected to the CPU, 88 is an input/output port connected to the CPU, 89 is an input/output port 88
gate latch control circuits connected to, 83a-8
3d is a hot air temperature setting switch, 84a to 84d are hot air volume setting switches, 85a to 85d are spindle rotation speed setting switches, 86a to 86d are spindle position setting switches, 79 is a rough kneading time setting device, 76 is a pattern selection switch, 75 is the store area designation knob,
82a-82d are input command switches, 90a-9
0d is a takeout limit switch, and 78 is a load store switch, which are connected to the input/output port 88 via respective gate circuits 91, 91, . . ., which are opened and closed by signals from a gate latch control circuit 89. In addition, the ejection limit switch 9
0a to 90d are arranged near the take-out door 6 of the kneading drum 4, and are interlocked with opening and closing thereof.

92a to 92d are hot air temperature controllers for adjusting the burner thermal power by switching the operating state of, for example, two nozzles of the burner 25, and 17a to 17d are hot air temperature controllers for controlling the opening/closing degree of the displacement adjustment dampers 16, 16, . . . Volume control motors, 46a to 46d are spindle rotation speed control motors, 55a to 55d are spindle position control motors, and #1 attached to each controller and motor.
~#4 are the controller 92 and motors 17, 46, 5, respectively.
5 is a drive circuit, 77a to 77d is an indicator lamp indicating the roughing machine in which the process is most advanced, 93' is a circuit for controlling the flashing of the lamp, 81a to 81d are roughing time indicators, and 73 is a buzzer. The input/output port 8 is connected to the input/output port 8 via the latch circuits 93, 93, .
8 is connected. The buzzer 73 is configured to sound until the buzzer stop button 74 is pressed to notify the end of rough rubbing, and to sound for a certain period of time by the operation of the monomulti 94 to notify the end of load/store.

95a-95d are hot air temperature sensors, 96a-9
6d is a hot air volume sensor, 97a to 97d are spindle rotation speed sensors, and 98a to 98d are spindle position sensors, which are connected to the input/output port 88 through respective gates 91, 91, . . . controlled by a gate latch control circuit. It is connected to the.

Embodiment of the Method Next, the tea manufacturing and roughening method of the present invention will be described using the above-described tea manufacturing and roughening apparatus and according to an example of implementation carried out according to the flowchart shown in FIG. 11.

(a) Place the pattern selection switch 76 in one of the eight ready-made patterns. For example, if the steamed leaves that are about to be input into the rough rolling process are normal fresh leaves that have been deep-steamed, they will be placed in the position labeled "Normal leaves/deep-steamed."

(b) Push button 80 of rough kneading time setting device 79,
80 to set an arbitrary rough kneading time.

(c) Press the input command switch 82a of the rolling/drying chamber of the rolling/drying chamber to be operated, for example, the first rough rolling machine 1a, and introduce the steamed leaves to be roughly rubbed into the rolling/drying chamber. When using the automatic dosing device, press the dosing command button 8 above.
If the charging device is activated by step 2, the operator does not have to do anything.

(d) In this case, as shown in Fig. 11, after the program starts or after the previous roughing process is completed, the hot air temperature, hot air volume, spindle rotation speed, and spindle position are set to the initial values, that is, as shown in Fig. 12. Initialization is performed to set the value to the value at the start of . Then, when the input command switch 82a is pressed and rough kneading is started, since the operation is based on an existing pattern, the question ``What is the pattern selection?'' is ``existing'', and therefore the specified existing pattern is transferred from the memory ROM to the memory. It is transferred to the working area corresponding to the rough kneading machine 1a in the RAM. At the same time, the time allocated to each step of the existing pattern is determined by dividing the set rough kneading time by the total number of steps of the existing pattern, as described above. Therefore, for example, if the specified ready-made pattern is a pattern divided into 40 steps as shown in FIG. 12, and the rough kneading time is set to "40 minutes," the rough kneader 1a will
As shown in the figure, each step is controlled according to its control value and its time.

(e) Furthermore, each sensor 95a of the roughing machine 1a,
The values of the hot air temperature, hot air volume, main shaft 7 rotation speed, and main shaft 7 position of the roughing machine 1a detected by 96a, 97a, and 98a are read, and the relevant time point is specified by the pattern written in the working area. is compared with the value of and if there is a difference,
The hot air temperature controller 92a
A correction signal is sent to each of the control motors 17a, 46a, and 55a. In addition, when running the program immediately after starting, each tea manufacturing element described above is set to the initial value by the initialization described above.
Although it is not necessary to read the value of each tea making element, this step will be necessary from the time the program is repeated again.

Such a program is the coarse kneading time setting device 79.
Until the rough kneading time set in step has passed, the process is repeated because "Rough kneading time is over?" is "NO", and the values of each control element such as hot air temperature are changed at each step time calculated above. For example, in the above example, the value is successively changed to the value determined by the existing pattern, for example, the value shown in FIG. 12, every minute passes.

(f) Then, at the time set above, i.e. from the time of injection.
When 40 minutes have elapsed, "Is the rough kneading time over?" becomes "YES", and a command to take out the automatic take out device (not shown), such as opening the take out door 6, is issued, the buzzer 73 sounds, and the rough kneading time is over. Notify the end of the process.

Even if the start time of such an operation is different for each roughing machine, the value of each control element is individually changed from the beginning of the established pattern.

As a result of executing the rough rolling process by specifying a pre-made pattern and setting a certain rough rolling time as described above, if you are able to obtain good coarsely rolled leaves or rough tea product tea, next time If the quality of steamed leaves to be input into the rough rolling process is the same type, it is sufficient to specify the same ready-made pattern as the previous one and set the same rough rolling time as the previous time. On the other hand, if you obtain rough-rolled leaves or coarse tea product tea that is not very good as a result of executing the rough-rolling process, for example, even if you specify the same ready-made pattern as the previous time, the rough-rolling time to be set may be changed. Run it differently than last time. That is, as described above, even if the same ready-made pattern is specified, the coarse kneading time to be set is different from the previous time.
That is, as described above, even if the same existing pattern is specified, if the set rough kneading times are different, the time of each step of the existing pattern will be expanded or contracted, resulting in different control being performed.

Therefore, a ready-made pattern prepared in advance is, for example, optimal for a specific steamed leaf quality (in the case of this example, it is a steamed leaf quality classified according to a combination of fresh leaf quality and degree of steaming). Since the control value for the rough rolling conditions is given, the rough rolling time can be added to the normal rough rolling time, for example, about 40 minutes for first-class tea, or about 35 minutes for summer tea. By setting the time, even an inexperienced rough-milling process manager can obtain coarsely-milled leaves of higher quality than standard quality. Furthermore, if the rough kneading time is changed and set as appropriate, even better quality coarsely kneaded leaves can be obtained.

By the way, as mentioned above, in the embodiment of the tea manufacturing and roughening apparatus described above, the roughening process can be controlled not only by a ready-made pattern but also by a pattern created by the user. Hereinafter, the case where the rough kneading process is controlled using a user pattern will be explained in separate sections.

(1) The user can set the value setting switches 83a to 83d, 83 for each tea making element without using a ready-made pattern.
4a-84d, 85a-85d and 86a-8
6d to create individual patterns for each roughing machine 1a to 1d.

(a) “Individual creation” of pattern selection switch 76
position.

(b) Roughing machine to be operated, for example, first roughing machine 1a
Press the input command switch 82a and input the tea leaves to be coarsely crushed. As shown in the flowchart in Figure 11, "What is the pattern selection?" is "Individual", so "Individual pattern is used for each rolling and drying room", and each tea manufacturing element of each roughing machine has a memory RAM. The circuit is configured so that the individual patterns stored in the working area corresponding to each roughing machine in the machine are used as indicators. In addition, when the user creates a pattern, in this embodiment, 1 address is prepared for each minute of rough rolling time, a total of 64 addresses, and the progress of the transition of each tea manufacturing element during the rough rolling process of up to 64 minutes can be memorized. That's what I do.

Then, suppose that the first part of the working area corresponding to the first roughing machine 1a of the memory RAM is
At each address corresponding to the minute, there is a message that says ``Hot air temperature is 95℃,
Assuming that a word indicating that the hot air volume is 150 m ³ /min, the spindle rotation speed is 42 rpm, and the spindle position is 1 is written, the values of each of these tea manufacturing elements will be maintained at that value for 1 minute from the time of addition.
In the case of this embodiment, the pattern storage working area of the memory RAM is not initialized at the start of the roughing process, so each roughing machine 1a is actually
The working area corresponding to ~1d stores the progress of changes in each tea manufacturing element such as hot air temperature in the rough rolling process performed previously,
Unless the switches are operated in particular, each of these tea manufacturing elements changes according to such a pattern.

(c) Then, for example, after one minute has passed, the main shaft rotation speed setting switch 85 corresponding to the roughing machine 1a is turned on.
When operating a and increasing the spindle rotation speed from 42 rpm to 43 rpm.

In the flowchart of FIG. 11, the switch 8
An interrupt is generated by the operation in step 5a, and the question ``What is the pattern selection?'' becomes ``individual creation of a drying room'', and the word corresponding to the changed rotation speed of 43 rpm is assigned to the address corresponding to the elapsed time in the working area (e.g. It is recorded at the corresponding address from 1 minute to 2 minutes after the start.

In this embodiment, each setting switch 83a~
83d, 84a-84d, 85a-85d,
When 86a to 86d are pressed and the value of the corresponding tea manufacturing element changes, for example, when the rotation speed of the spindle 7 is changed after one minute has passed as described above, the value corresponds to the corresponding time in the working area of the memory RAM. Words corresponding to the rotational speed of 43 rpm are written from the address of The rotation speed is maintained at the rotation speed written in the memory, that is, 43 rpm.

(d) Thereafter, as the rough rolling process progresses, as the value of each tea manufacturing element is changed, the addresses after the address corresponding to the time of the change are rewritten each time.

(e) When the desired pressure and shaping are applied, the user presses the eject button (not shown).
When the tea leaves are taken out by opening the take-out door 6, the take-out limit switch 90a linked to the take-out door 6 is closed. As a result, the time required from the start to the end of rough kneading, that is, the time for one rough kneading process, is stored in a predetermined address of the memory RAM, and in FIG. 11, "Is the rough kneading time over?"'', and the hot air temperature, hot air volume, main shaft rotation speed, and main shaft position of the roughing machine 1a are returned to their initial values.

Through the above operations, the working area of the memory RAM corresponding to the rolling/drying room stores the transition of each tea manufacturing element such as the hot air temperature operated by the user during the first rough rolling process for that rolling/drying room as a user-created pattern.

Therefore, from the next rough rolling process onwards, each tea manufacturing element such as the hot air temperature can be changed using the user pattern as necessary.

Furthermore, when the pattern selection switch is set to the "individual creation" position, the transition of each tea manufacturing element moved by the operator from the start to the end of rough rolling for other rolling and drying chambers is stored in the memory RAM. are stored as separate patterns for each working area.

(2) When performing rough rolling work using any of the rolling rooms, for example No. 1 rolling room as the master.

(a) Set the pattern selection switch 76 to "1st coarse"
Make it.

(b) Press the input command button 82a and input the tea leaves to be coarsely crushed into the rolling/drying chamber.

(c) As a result, in Figure 11, ``What is the pattern selection?'' becomes ``master op'', and the circuit is configured so that only the working area corresponding to the designated drying room is used, and all Changes in each tea manufacturing element such as the hot air temperature in the rolling and drying room are performed using the master rolling and drying room pattern as an index. Of course, in the case of operation using a master pattern, the transition of each tea manufacturing element is performed individually from the beginning of the master pattern, even if the starting time is different for each kneading and drying room, just as with the previously-mentioned ready-made pattern. .

Therefore, if you master the pattern of a rolling drying room that has already been tried and achieved good results, each tea manufacturing element in the other rolling drying rooms will move exactly the same as the one in the rolling drying room that has yielded good results. will be done.

(d) In addition, such an operation using a master pattern can be performed in the rolling drying room where an expert is currently nearby and is proceeding with the rough rolling process while adjusting each tea manufacturing element such as hot air temperature. This can also be done by changing each tea manufacturing element in the rolling and drying room.

That is, for example, when the drying chamber of the first roughing machine 1a is used as the master, the main shaft rotation speed setting switch 8 is set for the drying chamber of the first roughing machine 1a.
5a is operated, the rotation speed of the main shaft of the drying chamber of the first roughing machine changes accordingly, and as shown in FIG.
An interrupt operation is performed by the operation of
"What is the pattern selection?" is "Master OP",
Therefore, using the same procedure as for individual creation, write the changed spindle to all unexecuted parts after the address corresponding to the relevant operation time in the working area corresponding to the drying room of the first roughing machine 1a, which is the master. A word corresponding to the number of revolutions is written.

(f) Thereafter, whenever the number of revolutions changes, a word corresponding to the new number of revolutions is written in the address after the address corresponding to that point in the working area corresponding to the drying room of the first roughing machine 1a. .

(g) When the rough rolling process is completed, if the tea leaves are taken out in the same way as when making individual tea leaves, the elapsed time from the start is stored in a predetermined area of the memory RAM, and the initialization, that is, An operation is performed in which the value of each tea manufacturing element is returned to its initial value.

(h) In this case, if you start rough rolling by pressing the input command switches 82b to 82d in order from the tea leaves that are ready to be input into the rolling rooms other than the master rolling room, for example, 1 minute after the main shaft rotation speed of the chamber starts
43rpm, and if it becomes 45rpm after 2 minutes, then the main shaft rotation speed of the kneading and drying chamber of the second rough kneading machine 1b will also change to 43rpm 2 minutes after 1 minute has passed after rough kneading started in the kneading and drying room. at the point when it has passed
45 rpm, etc., using the master user-created pattern for the drying room as an indicator.

(3) When rough rolling was initially started using the existing pattern as an indicator, but the progress was not as desired.

(a) In this case, set the pattern selection switch to ``Individual Creation'' or ``Master 1st Rough
4. Roughly knead.

(b) As a result, each setting switch 83a to 83d, 84a to 84d, 85
The values of the tea making elements can be adjusted by operating the setting switches a to 85d, 86a to 86d, or the master rolling and drying chamber. In this case, the existing pattern transferred from the memory ROM remains as it is at the address before the address corresponding to the switching point of the working area corresponding to the drying room, and the address after that address remains as it is. The transition of tea manufacturing elements operated by the user is recorded, and this can also be used as a new user-created pattern.

The operations for each pattern have been explained above, but in the case of this embodiment, the memory RAM is backed up by a battery, and data is saved even if the power switch 72 is turned off.

Therefore, for example, if the results of the transition of each tea manufacturing element in the rolling and drying chamber of the second roughing machine 1b are good and the pattern is one that you would like to continue using, for example, set the pattern selection switch 76 to the second roughing of the master, and select the store area. Set the designation knob 75 to position 1 and turn the load store switch 78 to the "record" side. By this operation, the pattern in the working area for the kneading and drying chamber of the second rough kneading machine 1b is transferred to the store area No. 1 of the memory RAM, and the buzzer 73 sounds when the transfer is completed. Other drying room patterns can be saved in the same way.

Then, using the pattern stored in such a store area as an index, for example, the first roughing machine 1a
When attempting to change the temperature of each tea manufacturing element such as the temperature of hot air in the drying room, set the store area designation knob 75 to the number of the store area where the pattern to be used as the index is stored, and also Align the pattern selection switch 76 with the drying chamber in which you want to change the pattern, and turn the load store switch 78 to the "call" side. As a result, the pattern in the store area is transferred to the working area of the selected drying room, and when the process is completed, the buzzer 73 sounds. Then, when the rough rolling process in the rolling/drying room is started, each tea manufacturing element in the rolling/drying room changes with reference to the pattern.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above description, the tea making and rough rolling method of the present invention can be applied to In a tea manufacturing and roughing device that completes one roughing process while sequentially moving each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing and roughing process as the process progresses, such as the position of A plurality of ready-made patterns serving as indicators of the transition in one rough-rubbing process divided into 1 are stored in advance in a digital memory, and one of these patterns can be selected as needed. The rough kneading time can be set arbitrarily, and the time allocated to each step of the selected ready-made pattern is calculated by dividing the set rough kneading time by the total number of steps. The first coarse kneading step is completed by changing the control elements using the selected pattern and set time as indicators.

In addition, the tea roughening device of the present invention is capable of controlling each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process, such as the temperature of hot air sent into the rolling drying chamber, the amount of hot air, the rotation speed of the spindle on which the crusher and dredge are attached, and the position of the spindle. The tea manufacturing and roughening apparatus is configured to complete the first roughening step by sequentially changing the steps as the process progresses, and includes a rolling and drying chamber for rolling and drying the tea leaves, and a hot air generating means. , a means for supplying hot air into the rolling drying chamber, a main shaft rotatably disposed within the rolling drying chamber and equipped with a crushing hand for compressing the tea leaves in the rolling drying chamber and a dredge for scraping up the tea leaves, and each of the above-mentioned tea manufacturing elements. at least one operating unit for operating at least one of the tea manufacturing elements, a digital memory that stores a pattern that is an index of the transition during the rough rolling process of the tea manufacturing element, and a pattern stored by the digital memory. and a rough kneading time setting means for inputting an arbitrary rough kneading time into the control part, and the digital memory stores one or more predetermined patterns. The control section selects any pattern from the pre-made patterns according to the user's selection, and sets a rough kneading time to be allocated to each step of the selected pattern. It is characterized in that the operation unit can be controlled by determining the value by an operation of dividing by the total number of steps.

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is no need for a skilled technician to be always nearby during the repeated roughing process as in the conventional roughing method or device, and an inexperienced technician is not required to operate the roughing process. Even if the process is controlled by the process, it is possible to obtain coarsely crushed leaves of at least standard quality or higher.

Moreover, even if the number of ready-made patterns prepared is limited, the time allotted to each step of the ready-made pattern differs depending on the set rough kneading time. The rough kneading conditions for the pattern can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to set more optimal roughening conditions according to the infinitely changing steamed leaf quality.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the type of ready-made pattern is determined based on the type of steamed leaf quality based on the combination of fresh leaf quality and steamed leaf quality, but by doing so, The content of the ready-made patterns, that is, the specific control values for executing the roughening process, can be made more reliable, and the process manager can easily decide which ready-made pattern to select. can be taken as a thing.

In addition, in the above explanation, each of the four drying rooms is explained as one for each independent roughing machine, but it is also possible to use a single roughing machine equipped with multiple roughing machines. Of course not.

In addition to those mentioned in this specification, the tea manufacturing factors that can be controlled by the present invention include those that affect the quality of tea leaves in the rough rolling process.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the operating units for setting each tea manufacturing element for the four rolling and drying chambers are placed together on the control panel, but this is arranged near each rolling and drying chamber. You may also do this.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an example of the implementation of the present invention.
The figure is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the entire roughing machine, Figure 2 is a partially cutaway side view illustrating the condition inside the rubbing drying chamber, Figure 3 is an enlarged side view showing the main shaft drive section, and Figures 4 to 4. Figure 6 shows the adjustment mechanism for the main shaft position, Figure 4 is a side view showing the kneading cylinder in cross section, Figure 5 is a plan view of the main part showing a part in cross section, and Figure 6 is the 6th arrow in Figure 5. Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the state of tea leaf agitation in the rolling drying room, Fig. 8 is a plan view showing an example of arrangement of four coarse rolling machines, Fig. 9 is a front view of the control panel, and Fig. 9 is a front view of the control panel. FIG. 10 is a block diaphragm of the control section, FIG. 11 is a flowchart, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of changes in values of each tea manufacturing element. Explanation of symbols, 1...Tea rough rolling device, 2...Hot air generation means, 7...Main shaft, 8...Kneading hands, 9...Dredge, 79...Rough rolling time setting means, 83-92...
Hot air temperature operation section, 84-17...Hot air volume operation section,
85-46...Spindle rotation speed operation section, 86-55...
...Spindle position operation unit, RAM, EPROM...Digital memory, CPU, EPROM, 88, 89, 9
1,93...Control unit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process, such as the temperature and volume of hot air sent into the rolling and drying chamber, the rotation speed of the main shaft on which the rolling hands and dredges are attached, and the position of the main shaft, etc. An index of the transition in one rough rolling process divided into a plurality of steps for one or more tea manufacturing elements in a tea manufacturing and rough rolling process in which one rough rolling process is completed while progressing sequentially according to the progress of the process. A plurality of ready-made patterns are stored in digital memory in advance, and one of these patterns can be selected as needed.
The rough kneading time can be set arbitrarily, and the time allocated to each step of the selected ready-made pattern is divided by the total number of steps. A method for rough rolling tea, characterized in that the first rough rolling process is completed by changing control elements using the pattern and set time determined by calculation and selected as above as indicators. 2. Each tea manufacturing element in the tea manufacturing process, such as the temperature of the hot air sent into the rolling drying room, the amount of hot air, the rotation speed of the main shaft on which the rolling hands and dredges are attached, and the position of the main shaft, is sequentially measured as the process progresses. A tea manufacturing and rough rolling device configured to complete the first rough rolling step while the tea is rolling,
A rolling-drying chamber for compressing and drying tea leaves, a means for generating hot air, a means for supplying hot air into the rolling-drying chamber, and a rolling hand rotatably disposed within the rolling-drying chamber for compressing the tea leaves in the rolling-drying chamber. A main shaft equipped with a dredge for scraping tea leaves, at least one operation part for operating at least one of the tea manufacturing elements, and an indicator for the transition of one of the tea manufacturing elements during the rough rolling process. The method includes a digital memory for storing patterns, a control section for controlling the operation section according to the pattern stored in the digital memory, and a rough kneading time setting means for inputting an arbitrary rough kneading time to the control section. The digital memory stores one or more predetermined ready-made patterns, and the control unit selects any one of the ready-made patterns according to the user's selection, and 1. A tea manufacturing and rough rolling apparatus, characterized in that the time allocated to each step of a pattern is calculated by dividing the set rough rolling time by the total number of steps to control the operating section.