JPH02229774A - Method for curing hydraulic system and production of hardened hydraulic system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high strength hardened hydraulic system inhibiting efflorescence, having low water absorbing property and hardly causing cracking by impregnating water into a water absorbing hydraulic system and curing this hydraulic system in an autoclave. CONSTITUTION:A molded hydraulic system formed with refractory aggregate is dried, coated with glaze and calcined to obtain a water absorbing hydraulic system. Steam, water or a reactive soln. is impregnated into the water absorbing hydraulic system. This hydraulic system is wet-cured, cured with steam or cured in an autoclave and a hardened hydraulic system is obtd.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention can reduce water permeability, reduce shrinkage rate to prevent cracks, increase strength, or further improve surface and formwork contact. The present invention relates to a curing method for hydraulic systems and a method for producing hydraulically cured products, which are capable of producing glossy surfaces and suppressing efflorescence.

[Conventional technology] As curing methods for hydraulic systems including cement systems, air dry curing,
Moist curing, water curing, hot air curing, and autoclave valley aging are known. It is also known to use an expansion agent to reduce shrinkage.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] Air-drying of the cement system causes water to evaporate while the eternal reaction progresses only a little, creating many water gaps (spaces formed after water evaporates), which increases water absorption. Not only does this increase, but the cohesive force acts between cement particles during evaporation, causing them to shrink and cause cracks, and the generated efflorescence dries and sticks around cement particles and aggregates, absorbing rainwater, etc. and drying out. When this happens, it appears on the surface and reacts with carbon dioxide gas, producing secondary efflorescence.

In water curing of the Rement type, the dried cured product is cured in water, so not only is it already highly absorbent, but the efflorescence component elutes and escapes to the outside, further increasing the water absorption and reducing the amount of efflorescence component. The strength also decreases accordingly. Furthermore, since efflorescence components are eluted in water, if the water is taken out and dried, the efflorescence components will adhere to the surface and secondary efflorescence will occur.

Moist curing for cement systems can utilize atmospheric temperature without using artificial heat energy, and is the most intensive curing method, but it is generally performed to quickly develop demolding strength. , the curing time is short, and due to the volume of the curing room and to prevent contamination of the cement system due to dripping of condensed water, the entire curing time is not cured at 100% humidity. Even if it was cured at 100% humidity, water evaporated before and after curing, and it was inevitable that the hardened cement system would be water absorbent.

Steam curing of cement-based products is caused by condensed water dripping from the ceiling.
Because efflorescence occurs and the product becomes dirty, steam curing is generally performed after a certain period of time after molding.Before steam curing, the water in the uncured material evaporates, creating water gaps, and curing is generally slow. Since the purpose is to produce early stage molds, the hydration reaction does not take place sufficiently at temperatures below about 500 degrees Celsius, and even after curing, water evaporates, creating water gaps, resulting in high water absorption and secondary efflorescence.

Autoclave curing of commonly known 8LC such as product name Iton, etc.
If the foam is cured in an autoclave immediately after foaming, the foam will collapse due to the pressure, but if it is cured in an autoclave several hours after foaming, water evaporates during the curing period, creating water gaps, which increases water absorption. . Also, when curing cement-based materials in an autoclave, the process is similar to the case of steam curing.

That is, in all conventional curing methods, careful attention has not been paid to the effects of water vaporization.

The use of a swelling agent not only increases costs, but also creates water pores and requires skill in its use.

This invention was developed as a result of a divine experiment, and it was discovered that the vaporization of water in the unrefined grains of barley has a significant effect on shrinkage, efflorescence, water absorption, and strength, and that the temperature during curing also has a significant effect on gloss. The above-mentioned problems can be solved by not only having small water gaps and low water absorption, but also exhibiting water repellency, high strength, difficult to crack, and suppressing efflorescence and producing gloss. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for curing hydraulic systems and a method for producing cured hydraulic products.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the hydraulic system curing method of the present invention adds water vapor, water, Alternatively, it is characterized in that it is impregnated with a reaction solution, and then the hydraulic system is subjected to wet curing, steam curing, or autoclave curing.

In addition, a hydraulic system made with or without the addition of an appropriate amount of a reactant and subjected to closed curing, moist curing, or steam curing is impregnated with steam, water, or a reaction liquid after modeling, and then the hydraulic system is subsequently wet-cured. , steam curing, or autoclave curing.

In addition, it is made by adding an appropriate amount of reactant and is sealed and moistened.
Alternatively, the steam-cured hydraulic system may be moist-cured, steam-cured, or autoclaved after molding.

In addition, the method for producing a cured hydraulic product of the present invention involves drying a hydraulic system made using refractory aggregates with or without addition of an optimal reactant, immediately after molding, and then applying it. It is characterized by applying the curing method according to claim 1 to a baked water-absorbing hydraulic system.

In addition, when a hydraulic system prepared by adding an appropriate amount of a reactant and subjected to the curing method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 is immersed in water, it dissolves and forms on the surface.
It is also possible to remove the deposits and create a hydraulically cured product that does not produce Chinese cabbage.

[Explanation of Shun]
A general term for uncured products using hydraulic substances, such as pozzolan lime cement systems and pozzolan cement systems, and their hardened products.

UnTh. ! = l1 refers to something that has not yet hardened, such as fresh mortar or fresh concrete, that is made using hydraulic substances.

Refers to hardened materials such as mortar, concrete, etc.

Bozolan is composed of finely ground silica sand, calcined oil shale, fly ash l. Refers to materials such as ceramic scraps and blast furnace slag that react with calcium hydroxide to form insoluble substances in the presence of water.

Refers to pigments or dyes such as 4-color point base, red shell and graphite.

It refers to foaming surfactants such as K-seishin, alkylbenes, and sodium sulfonates, or foaming agents based on these surfactants, and foaming agents that have water-reducing properties, such as adding water-reducing agents. In particular, it is called a water-reducing foaming agent. Note that the water reducing agent and the foaming agent may be separated and used in addition to water.

In addition, the length of the pot, manganic acid, permanganic acid, orthophosphoric acid,
Metaphosphoric acid, hypophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, silicic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid,
Acids such as carboxylic acids (tartronic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, gulonic acid citric acid, ascorbic acid, etc.), alkalis such as baking soda, aqueous ammonia, water glass, etc. Commercially available products include Catalysts & Chemicals Industry Co., Ltd. Wrinkle strength sol such as Riki Taloid manufactured by Kao Corporation, Mighty 150 (naphthalene sulfonic acid/formalin high condensate salt), Mighty 2000 manufactured by Kao Corporation, or products manufactured by Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp Co., Ltd. Water reducing agents such as Sunflow MA (cellulose type), thickeners such as Metrose and Hymetolose manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., various silicones and microsilicas, various AE agents and fluidizing agents, efflorescence control agent,
Expanding agents, surfactants, foaming agents, or mixtures thereof, etc.
It reacts with cement or its products in the presence of water, and is added and kneaded when water is added to cement to make green mortar.

In addition, when the above-mentioned reactive agent is sprayed onto an uncured product or a cured product to impregnate it, or when the cured product is impregnated by pouring, etc., it is distinguished from the reactant.

1. It refers to the product of temperature and time.

Five Mile Solstice Prefecture, airtight moist curing chambers, steam curing chambers, autoclave curing chambers, pressurized chambers, etc.

Nezuri Yong Thisha Trivia refers to a container or mold that can be sealed by directly putting an uncured material into it, and ``Kenware Isei'' refers to placing an uncured material in an airtight container and curing it with a lid on. To tell.

A summer r &4t, refers to water-soluble salts mainly composed of calcium hydroxide that are produced when water is added to cement, and react with carbon dioxide gas to form Waka (Fukuretsusen).

! Although there is a method of applying damp cloth to the supporting base and cured product, in this invention, the hydraulic system and water or hot water are separately placed in a water-impermeable or non-water-impermeable heat-insulating sealed room, and the water or hot water is placed separately in the sealed room. This refers to curing at high humidity (including 100% humidity). Furthermore, when the atmospheric humidity is low,
Steam may be introduced into the sealed chamber to increase the humidity at the beginning of curing, and in this case, as long as the sealing is sufficient, it is not necessarily necessary to separately add water or hot water. It also includes high-temperature, high-humidity curing by kneading with hot water or blowing steam during kneading, placing hot uncured materials in a closed chamber, or circulating hot water within the closed chamber.

[Effect] When a water-absorbing hydraulic system prepared with or without the addition of an appropriate amount of reactant is impregnated with steam, water, or a reaction liquid, and subsequently subjected to moist curing, steam curing, or autoclave curing, the hydraulic system is sufficiently cured. Because it is cured in a water-containing state while suppressing water evaporation, the Eiwa reaction proceeds smoothly without running out of the water necessary for the reaction, regardless of whether it is cement-based, silica-based, or cement-silica-based. Since the cement-based or cement-silica-based efflorescence component hardens without being eluted to the outside, a hardened product that is dense, difficult to absorb water, has little shrinkage, and is strong is obtained. The water-absorbing hydraulic system may be a cured product, and may be an uncured product with a water-cement ratio of 40% or less, such as green roof tiles after press dewatering of thick slate or concrete blocks after vibration press molding. material (the permanent suspension of water to cement is bound water 2
5%, gel water 15%, total 40%. ) is 5 good. In addition, if the hydraulic system is made by adding an appropriate amount of reactant or is cured by impregnating it with a reaction liquid, if the hydraulic system is cement-based or cement silica-based, the reactant or reaction liquid may contain efflorescence components. As a result of the reaction, the cured product becomes denser, less water absorbent, has less shrinkage, and has higher strength, and the efflorescence component is consumed, which is effective in suppressing efflorescence.

In addition, when the above-mentioned water-absorbing hydraulic system has been demolded by closed curing, moist curing, or steam curing, the permanent reaction has progressed better than that which has been air-dry curing. The effect is even more remarkable.

In addition, when a hydraulic system made by adding an appropriate amount of a reactant and cured in a hermetically sealed, moist, or steam-cured state is subjected to moist-curing, steam-curing, or autoclave curing after molding, the permanent reaction must be performed during curing before molding. In addition, the efflorescence component and the reactant react,
Cement gel and reactants are generated in the capillary water, and a water-retaining effect is also generated, resulting in a denser, less water-absorbent, lower shrinkage, and higher strength.The above-mentioned effect further progresses during curing after molding, and it does not impregnate water. It is most effective in suppressing efflorescence because it is cured.

Furthermore, if an uncured cement-based material made using refractory aggregate is dried immediately after molding, the hydration reaction will not progress or will dry to a low level.

When this is applied and baked, the cement is restored to its original state and does not lose its hydraulic action, and it also retains its properties. , low shrinkage, high strength cured product. The uncured product may be prepared by adding a reactant, and in this case, it is preferable to use a binder-type reactant.

Further, it is prepared by adding an appropriate amount of a reactant.
When a cement-based cured product that has been cured is soaked in water, if the curing time to prevent vaporization is insufficient, unreacted efflorescence components and reactants will elute and form deposits on the surface of the cured product. When this is removed by brushing or the like, a cured product with a beautiful surface is obtained. This method for producing a cured product is suitable for producing a cured product using pigments.

[Example 1 Mighty 150 (hereinafter simply referred to as water reducing agent) and MK3000, a reactant manufactured by Mitsuo Research Institute Co., Ltd., are representative of the reactants.
An example in which MKsooo is used as a reaction liquid will be described below while comparing with a case in which neither a reactant nor a reaction liquid is used. Note that Boltland cement was used as the cement, and the numbers indicate parts by weight. In addition, for both wet curing methods, water is poured into the bottom of a Styrofoam curing box, a gridiron board is placed on top of it, the specimen is placed on top of the griddboard to prevent it from getting wet, and the test piece is sealed with a Styrofoam lid. I took care of myself.

Example 1 Raw mortar with cement: sand = 1 = 2 was press-dehydrated and molded, air-dried for 2 days, soaked in MK8000 for 2 hours, taken out, continued wet and wet-cured for 8 days, taken out and molded. The bending strength of the specimen (test specimen B) that was air-cured for one day was 165.2Kq, and the bending strength of the Chinoku specimen C) that was moist-cured by soaking in water instead of MK8000 was 157KQ.
, the same-day bending strength of the air-cured specimen (test specimen A) was 12
It was 3.2Kg. In addition, when water was dropped with a dropper on test specimens A, B, and C to investigate the water absorption state, A was the easiest to absorb water, C was moderately difficult to absorb water, and B was the most difficult to absorb water. Ta.

Example 2 Fresh mortar with cement: sand = 1:3 and water-cement ratio of 55% (using water to which 1% of cement amount of MK3000 was added) was moistened and cured for 24 hours immediately after molding, and then taken out and molded. The 14-day compressive strength of the specimen (test specimen B) that was soaked in water for 5 minutes, wet-cured for 9 days, and air-dry-cured was 286 KCI; The 14-day compressive strength of test specimen A was 142K (J). When water was dropped onto test specimen B with a dropper, it was difficult to absorb water, so much so that it could be mistaken for water repellency. A easily absorbed water.

Example 3 A foaming solution was prepared by adding 1 part of MK3000 and 1 part of a foaming agent to 100 parts of water, and 34 parts of the foaming solution and 1 part of cement were added.
00 parts to make a paste, 13 parts of foam made with the same foaming liquid was added and kneaded to make a foam-containing paste, and immediately after molding, it was wet-cured, and after 24 hours, the aerated concrete was removed from the mold. Soaked in water for a minute, wet bow continued 14
The 28-day compressive strength of aerated concrete that was wet-cured for one day and then air-dry was 54.9KO (specific gravity 0.68>).
It exhibited almost the same strength as ALC, and exhibited so little water absorption that it could be mistaken for water repellency.

Example 4 100 parts of cement, 200 parts of sand, 1 part of water reducing agent and 59 parts of water were mixed and placed in a plastic container with an open top, then immediately placed in a curing box filled with hot water at 90 degrees, sealed and kept moist for 72 hours. Those that were cured, taken out, and demolded had greater gloss on the surface in contact with the container and lower water absorption than those that had been air-dried and cured.

Example 5 100 parts of cement, 10 parts of Red Shell, and 1 part of MK3OOO
% of water was kneaded, molded into a plate shape on a plastic plate, and steam-cured at 35 degrees for 16 hours, i.e., at 560 degrees, immediately after molding, and the surface became glossy. Immediately after demolding, it was immersed in water, taken out after 24 hours, and dried. Although eluate adhered to the surface, it could be easily wiped off, and the luster did not disappear and the color became slightly darker. When I soaked it in water for 24 hours 10 times and wiped off the eluate each time, in the end, the eluate stopped coming out, the luster did not disappear, the color became even darker, and the water absorption decreased and it even became water repellent. Indicated.

Example 6 The molded specimen of Example 5 was steam-cured at 40 degrees for 72 hours, and the surface became glossy. Even after soaking in water for 24 hours, the gloss did not disappear, and no efflorescence was observed. Ta.

Example 7 Cement: Chamotte-1 = 2, raw mortar with a water-cement ratio of 60% was press-dehydrated immediately after kneading and molded into a plate shape,
Immediately after molding, it was dried in a drying oven, then baked at 1,200 degrees, slowly cooled, and then cured in a humid environment for 24 hours.
The mortar was immersed in K8000 and taken out, and then subjected to wet curing again for 10 days to obtain a cured product with a well-coated surface and a mortar that was difficult to absorb water.

Although the seven embodiments have been described above, the curing while suppressing the vaporization of water may be any of closed curing, humid curing, steam curing, and autoclave curing.

Further, the supplementation of water by brushing, spraying, squeezing, etc. is not limited to a cured product, and may be an uncured product with a low ratio of water to cement 1.

Cement-based materials harden while slowly forming a cement gel in capillary water supersaturated with efflorescence components, but when the water evaporates and creates water gaps, the efflorescence components in the hardened product are released into the air. When exposed to carbon dioxide gas, it reacts and a reactant is generated. However, since the reaction takes place in the presence of water and there is little air exchange, the reaction is extremely slow. Then, the reactants fill the capillary space together with the cement gel,
The reactants contribute to low water absorption, low shrinkage, and high strength. Therefore, it is desirable that the cured product be impregnated with water or a reaction solution to such an extent that the dried and solidified efflorescence component becomes wet or softened. 2
It must also be avoided from the perspective of suppressing the occurrence of efflorescence.

In addition, when the purpose is to suppress efflorescence, the humidity should not be set to 100%, but should be maintained at a high humidity within a range that does not condense.
It is preferable to increase the A degree. One method is to open the curing chamber at regular intervals during humid curing or steam curing to shorten the time at which the humidity remains at 100%, or to prevent the humidity from reaching 100%. A humidity and temperature control device may be installed in the curing room to maintain the humidity at 80% or higher below the dew point for curing.

In the above control device, opening the curing chamber at regular intervals, providing an opening that can be expanded and contracted in the curing chamber, and providing a humidity sensor can also be adopted as control measures.

In addition, if curing with suppressed vaporization is performed at a temperature of about 30 degrees or higher, a gloss will be produced on the top surface, if it is carried out at a temperature of about 30 degrees or less, a gloss will be produced on the surface in contact with the formwork, and if it is carried out at a temperature of about 30 degrees, a gloss will be produced on the surface and the surface in contact with the formwork. It seems to give a glossy appearance.

In other words, by selecting the temperature during the early stage of tanning (within about 3 to 6 hours), it is possible to make the surface and/or bottom surface glossy or matte. (Not required), when creating a gloss on the surface in contact with the formwork, use a formwork that allows slipping of plastic etc. without using a release agent. Incidentally, the use or non-use of the reactant and the reaction solution can be carried out depending on the purpose.

In addition, in Example 7, a fire-resistant aggregate such as a large stone, igneous rock, or pottery waste can be used instead of chamotte.
Molding is not limited to press dehydration molding. If the hydration reaction is not progressing during drying, it may be baked at a temperature of 1,200 degrees or less, and if the hydration reaction is progressing considerably, it is better to bake at a temperature of 1,450 degrees or higher. Furthermore, when a binder type reactant is used, a water-soluble type such as Metrose or a welding medium such as water glass is preferable.

Next, specific molding methods and curing methods will be explained. Figure 1 shows an example of a curing chamber, and the curing chamber 1 is made non-porous by pasting non-porous material such as plastic on the inner surface.
A water storage tank 2 is installed on the floor and filled with hot water, or hot water is supplied through a circulation circuit (not shown) to the curing room 1.
The humidity inside the room is controlled to be maintained at 80-100%. 3 is the entrance/exit room, and entry/exit to the curing room 1 is through the entrance/exit room 3.
The humidity is made approximately the same as that of the curing chamber 1 by sending steam to the entrance/exit chamber 3, etc. The curing chamber 1 can also be used as a molding chamber.

Further, the curing chamber 1 may be a pressurized chamber. That is, by increasing the atmospheric pressure in the room, it is possible to suppress the evaporation of water in the molded uncured product.

Figure 2 shows the example of the curing room, 4 is the curing room, 5 is the curing room 4
It is an endless band that makes up the ceiling of the
The endless band 5 is wound by the steam supplied to the curing chamber 4.
It rotates at a speed that prevents water droplets condensing on the lower surface of the curing chamber 4 from falling, and the water droplets flow down the wall surface of the curing chamber 4 and are further dried by blowing air on the outside.

Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 2B, a squeezing roll 7 may be provided on the wall of the curing chamber 4 for dewatering.

FIG. 3 shows a plastic container 8 filled with an uncured material 9, sealed with A10, and covered for curing. This method can be used to manufacture ornaments such as earrings, necklaces, and loop ties, and various shaped objects such as dolls, human figures, 1fLi flower pots, flower stands, counters, table fireplaces, curtain stones, stepping stones, and imitation natural stones.

Figure 4 shows a plastic container 1 with a tile-like recess.
An uncured material 12 with a coloring agent added thereto is injected into the four parts of 1, an uncured material 13 is injected thereon, a plastic sheet 14 is covered, and the container 11 is sealed with an adhesive or hot melt. This shows how it is cured.

FIG. 5 shows that a container 16 containing an uncured material 15 is covered with a plastic sheet 17, sealed by heat welding, and cured.

FIG. 6 shows a container 19 containing an uncured material 18 and water 20 placed in a plastic bag 21, sealed by heat welding or the like, and cured.

FIG. 7 shows a situation in which a large number of through holes 22 are provided in the bottom plate (an uncured material 25 is placed in a container 23 through a cloth 24, and a lid 26 is placed to seal the joints for raising cattle). .Container 23
A moisture tank 28 containing water or a water-containing material 27 such as sand or cotton is installed in a closed manner at the bottom of the container, and is configured to supply moisture to the uncured material. It goes without saying that the humidity tank 28 may be cured by supplying steam from a supply pipe (not shown) without filling it with water or the like.

FIG. 8 shows that an uncured material 29 such as an instant molded block is vacuum-backed with a plastic sheet 30 and cured.

In FIG. 9, an uncured material 33 is placed on a moisture box 32 which contains a water-containing material 31 such as sand or cotton and has a large number of through holes on the top surface, and is covered with a plastic sheet 34 and heated to melt. The illustration shows curing in a hermetically sealed container.

FIG. 10 shows that an uncured material 36 such as a roof tile is placed on a water-containing board 35 made of a porous material or the like.
The figure shows the area being covered with water, sealed with heat welding, etc., and then cured.

The water-containing plate 35 may be a pallet-type water-containing plate 3B as shown in FIG. 11, and the uncured material 36 may be an uncured material 39 such as a block. In this case, the water-containing plate 38 is covered with an air-impermeable material 40 except for the upper surface, and it is convenient to cover only the upper surface with a plastic sheet 41 to seal it. The humidity tank 28 shown in FIG. 7 may also be provided with legs to form a pallet shape.

In FIG. 12, an uncured material 43 such as an instant molded block is placed on a moisture box 42 having a large number of through holes on its upper surface. i! ,
It is shown that it is covered with a plastic sheet 44 and sealed with an adhesive tape 45, and is cured by sending steam from a supply pipe 58.

Note that the supply of steam may be stopped when the humidity reaches 70 to 100%, and therefore water, hot water, etc. may be kept in the humidity box 42. Further, the moisture supply box 42 may be provided with legs to form a pallet shape. Alternatively, a moisture-containing material such as cotton or sand soaked with water or warm water may be placed in the moisture box 42 for curing.

Figure 13 shows a curing cover 4 with a plastic sheet attached to the frame on the outside of a rack 46 in which uncured materials such as roof tiles are placed.
7 is shown covering and curing, 48 is a hanging ring for suspending the curing cover 47, and 49 is provided on the lower circumference of the curing cover 47, and is pressed by the white cloth of the curing cover 47 to maintain airtightness. A sealing material such as a soft material, 50, is a water tank for holding water or hot water, which is set on a floor of compacted earth or concrete. Note that the water tank 50 may be provided at the bottom of the rack 46 so as not to obstruct passage across the rack. Further, once the curing cover 47 is set on the outside of the rack 46, steam may be sent into the curing cover 47 until the humidity reaches 80 to 100%.

The humidity of the water in the water tank 50 is adjusted to a high level regardless of changes in temperature. In addition, as shown in FIG.
The lower end of the curing cover 51 covering the water storage tank 52 provided on the floor
The cover 51 may be submerged in water to block ventilation and cured, or the ceiling of the cover 51 may be sloped to prevent condensed water from dripping. If water is allowed to pass through the submerged portion of the cattle cover 51, water or hot water can be supplied to the water storage tank 52 from the outside.

FIG. 15 shows an uncured material 54 inside a tube mold 53 that has been centrifugally formed.
55 is a bag made of rubber, plastic, etc., which is inflated by pumping air into the inside, and the uncured material 54 is sealed by the bag 55 and the tube mold 53. The bag 55 may be an annular bag, and is used for curing tubular objects such as fume pipes. In addition, as shown in FIG.
Attach a seal M56 on one side of 3, and attach a seal M57 with a supply pipe 58 on the other side to seal it, send steam from the supply pipe 58, and stop the supply of steam when the humidity reaches 70 to 100%. It may be cured. After the product has been cured to a certain degree, the sealing lid 56 or 57 may be removed, a container containing water or hot water may be placed inside the product, a sealant may be attached again, and steam may be supplied to cure the product until the humidity reaches 70 to 100%.

Alternatively, immediately after molding or after the uncured material has hardened to a certain extent, a synthetic resin emulsion may be spray-coated onto the exposed surface of the uncured material to form a film, sealed, and cured. In order to harden the material to a certain degree, the above-mentioned curing method in which the material is sealed with an airtight lid is suitable. Alternatively, the inner surface of the uncured product immediately after molding may be covered with a plastic sheet, the ends of the plastic sheets overlapped, and an adhesive such as a synthetic resin emulsion may be sprayed to seal and cure. . In addition, when an expanding agent is added to the uncured material 54 and an inner tube made of synthetic resin, stainless steel, iron, etc. is provided inside the uncured material 54, the space between the tube mold 53 and the inner tube is sealed on both sides for curing. be able to.

FIG. 17 shows a state in which a sealant 61 is attached to a cylindrical mold 59 with one end open filled with an uncured material 60 for curing. When the uncured material 62 is hollow as shown in FIG. 18,
The cylindrical mold 59 is a metal outer tube, and the uncured material 6o or 62 is an expanded tube. It may be an uncured product containing a drug.

In addition, in FIGS. 15, 16, and 18, an uncured material containing an expanding agent may be provided between the inner tube and the outer tube, and the tube may be cured according to the above-mentioned curing method. However, since the swelling agent is used as a reaction agent, the amount of addition may be small, and a reaction agent may be used in place of the one-color agent.

FIG. 19 shows the upper end of the uncured material 6G in the molds 65, 65 on both sides with the brass snack plate 64 attached inside with a plastic sheet 67. If the reinforcing bars in the uncured material are protruding, make a hole in the jet 67, pass the reinforcing bars through, and then seal the penetration part with adhesive, etc. Bye. This curing method is used for curing reinforced concrete buildings, etc., and the joints of each part of the shrine are sealed with non-porous material. The plastic sheet 67 may be a rubber sheet, or instead of a sheet, a synthetic resin emulsion may be spray-coated to form a film and sealed. In addition, if the lower part is concrete and the uncured material 66 is a pouring joint,
A synthetic resin emulsion may be applied to the lower concrete to form a film. Further, the plastic plate 64 may be a resin layer or a resin-based cured material layer applied to a plywood formwork.

FIG. 20 shows that an uncured material 70 is filled into the recesses of a plastic sheet or plate 69 in which a large number of recesses 68 are formed at intervals, and the uncured material 70 is covered with a plastic sheet 71. This method is suitable for mass production using endless strips of cement-based decorative boards such as tiles and marble. When the plastic sheet or plate 69 is thin, a receiving plate can be placed under it and the plastic sheet or plate 69 can be rolled and cured. It may also be cut into units for convenience in transportation and curing.

Figure 21 shows concrete foundations 72, 7 on both sides of the building.
2, concrete 73 is poured, synthetic resin emulsions 74 and 75 are applied to the surface and inside of the foundation 72 to form a film, and then foam-containing paste 76 is poured. The resin emulsion 77 is applied by spraying, the foam-containing paste is sealed with a non-porous material, and then cured. .

FIG. 22 shows that a sacrificial concrete 79 is placed on top of a chestnut 578, non-porous partition frames 80, 80 are framed thereon, and a synthetic resin emulsion 81 is poured on the surface of the sacrificial concrete 79.
was applied to form a film, and on top of that, cement-based uncured material 82
The synthetic resin emulsion 8 is placed on the uncured material 82.
3 is applied to form a film, and the uncured material 82 is sealed and cured with a non-porous material.

In addition, in FIGS. 21 and 22, a plastic sheet may be used instead of the synthetic resin emulsion, and a seal on the concrete is not necessarily required. This is because evaporation of water occurs at the interface with air.

Although many examples of molding methods and curing methods have been described above, the above-mentioned specific methods are all methods of curing while suppressing vaporization of water, and can be appropriately utilized in the methods of claims 1 to 5.

In addition, if a long time has passed before the uncured product is molded and transported to the rose growing room and the water has evaporated, or if the uncured molded product has a water-to-cement ratio of 40% or less, water may be sprayed. It is possible to replenish evaporated water or to replenish insufficient water by spraying water or steam, and then transporting it to a curing room where it can be cured by suppressing the evaporation of water.

Alternatively, air may be forced into the curing cover or curing chamber using a compressor or the like to pressurize it to suppress vaporization of the uncured material. It does not require much pressure compared to autoclave curing. Furthermore, when a water storage tank is provided in a curing room or at the bottom of a rack, it can be provided in multiple stages to widen the vaporization area of water or hot water therein.

Further, in the above embodiments, a cement-based hydraulic system mainly composed of Boltland cement has been described, but the raw material is not limited to Boltland cement, nor is it limited to mere Eiwa reaction. For example, a product obtained by adding pozzolan such as silica sand fine powder and water to Bortland cement or foaming or foaming using a foaming agent or foaming agent may be cured in an autoclave. In addition, lime and bozolan or even cement may be used as the main raw materials, and aluminum powder or the like may be used as a foaming agent for foaming, as in conventional ALC. Regarding the foaming agent Yao 1 and crepe curing, the manufacturing technology of product names such as Iton, Siporex, Durox, and Thermocon is introduced in "U Aerated Concrete" published by Ohm Co., Ltd. on March 15, 1960.
Although a detailed explanation will be omitted, when foaming with a foaming agent such as aluminum powder, a water-reducing agent may be added to foam, or a water-reducing foaming agent or a foaming agent may be used to foam. You can.

Further, the curing method can be performed by appropriately combining wet curing, steam curing, and autoclave curing, but the easiest method for suppressing secondary efflorescence is to impregnate the cured product with a reaction liquid. In this method, it is unclear whether the efflorescence component is consumed to some extent by the hydration reaction or because the efflorescence component is consumed by reacting with carbon dioxide gas during drying.

Next, the reactant will be explained. The reactants used in the Examples were a water reducing agent and a product manufactured by Mitsuo Research Institute Co., Ltd. However, any of the reactants described below can be used.

(b) Strong acids such as flowing acid, hydrochloric acid, or nitric acid are 1/100
A diluted solution of about 10,000 to 1/10 million can be used as a reactant.

(Example) For carboxylic acids such as tar 1~ronic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, gluconic acid, gulonic acid, citric acid, ascorbic acid, etc., use a diluted or dissolved solution of about 1/200 to 1/500,000 as a reactant. can be used.

(c) For alkalis such as baking soda, anhydrous water, and water glass, a diluted or dissolved solution of about 1/100 to 1/200,000 can be used as a reactant.

(2) Silicas such as silica, silicon, and microsilica, thickeners such as Metrose, water reducers, and their {If
Cement additives such as AE agents and fluidizers are 3 to 1/1
A dilution of about 0.00 can be used as a reactant.

(e) A mixture of two or more of the above reactants can be used as the reactant.

The reaction agent explained above is 0.3 to 0.3 to the amount of cement used.
It can be used at a 100% addition rate and can also be used as a reaction solution.

The reactants or reaction liquids with the MK symbol used in the examples were selected from among the reactants described in (a) to (e) above and were used depending on the application. Alternatively, the reaction solution is not limited to the above, and an appropriate amount can be used within a range that does not adversely affect the hydration reaction, as long as it reacts with the efflorescence component.

The present invention can take the following embodiments without changing the gist.

(1) Carbonated water may be used as the reaction liquid, or carbon dioxide gas may be pressurized into the cured product using pressure changes to react with the efflorescence component.

(2) The uncured product may have colorants, gravel, crushed stone, etc. added thereto, or may have fibers added thereto.

(3) Cement is not limited to Boltland cement,
It may be white boltland cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, or the like. Further, the uncured product may be prepared by adding a synthetic resin emulsion. The synthetic resin emulsion referred to in this invention also includes a synthetic rubber emulsion.

(4) The formwork, container, or curing chamber may be made of or surrounded by non-porous materials or non-porous insulation materials such as styrofoam.

Using non-breathable heat insulating materials not only saves thermal energy, but also allows for high-temperature, high-humidity curing using the heat of hydration.

(5) Create an uncured material by adding metals such as scale graphite, chalcopyrite, glass, and stainless steel, and powders and fragments of Daili Ui, and after curing, polish, pressurized water jet, sandplast, etc. to surface the surface. This method can be used to expose particles, debris, etc.
Thick slate terrazzo with laminated surface layer and substrate layer, P
'3AM of C version or interlocking block etc.
It can also be used by applying a transparent resin layer thereon. In order to avoid polishing, etc., apply the above-mentioned mineral particles, scale graphite, crushed stone, etc. to the surface or bottom of the uncured product, and add water, synthetic resin emulsion, and additives to the mouth. The added materials may be thinly layered, or may be further pressurized or dehydrated.

(6) Uncured materials can be prepared by adding hot water to the aggregate, then adding cement, or further adding a reactive agent, or heating the aggregate by spraying steam, etc., and then adding cement, hot water, or further a reactive agent. It may also be prepared by adding and kneading cement and aggregate, or by blowing steam during the dry or hard kneading of cement and aggregate, and curing it in a hot state.

(7) Curing while suppressing vaporization is preferably carried out at temperatures of at least 500 degrees Celsius or higher, preferably at 5000 degrees Celsius or higher, and at a humidity of 80%.
The above is preferable.

(8) When trying to give gloss to the smooth surface of plastic or stainless steel that contacts the formwork, the temperature should be about 30 degrees or less, and when trying to give gloss to the top surface, the temperature should be about 30 degrees or more. In addition, it is desirable to use a polishing tool at a temperature of about 30 degrees to make the surface in contact with the formwork and the top surface glossy, but once the temperature has been cured at about 200 degrees or more, the temperature may be raised and cured. It can be impregnated with the reaction solution and cured again. Once the reaction has progressed to the extent that secondary Chinese cabbage does not occur, dew point curing or boiling curing may be performed.

(9) After demolding the cured uncured product while suppressing vaporization, the cured product can be coated with a synthetic resin emulsion or solvent-based resin paint, sealed with a non-porous material, and cured. If it is a thick slate, a resin system containing h0 of aluminum powder and/or mica and a coloring agent such as scaly graphite or red shell can be applied to the surface, and the above resin system is applied only to the surface,
Moist curing may be used. Further, a reactant or a coloring agent or a stabilizer may be added to the synthetic resin emulsion, and the above-mentioned treatment may be performed after the cured product is impregnated with water or the reactant. This method is not limited to thick slate, but can also be used for hardened slate.

(10) When molding a ball or the like by centrifugal force molding, an uncured material to which a coloring agent has been added may be molded first, and then an uncured material to which no coloring material has been added may be laminated and molded.

(11) After curing and demolding a tubular object such as a fume pipe or a ball, impregnating it with water or a reaction solution, providing a resin layer, sealing it, and curing it, humid curing, steam curing, or autoclave curing. You can.

(12) A foam-containing paste to which a reactant has been added may be laminated on a paste to which a reactant has been added and cured at the same time.

In this invention, if a product or method used in one embodiment is appropriate for the other embodiment, it may be used, utilized, or applied to the other embodiment.

[Effects of the invention in Song Dynasty] This invention was developed as described above, and by curing while suppressing the evaporation of water, it is not only possible to suppress primary Chinese cabbage, but also to suppress the growth of primary Chinese cabbage. It is possible to make a cement-based hardened product that is free of moisture or even shows water repellency, has little shrinkage, is hard to crack, is strong, and is effective in suppressing secondary Chinese cabbage, even when soaked in water. It is also possible to produce cured products that have a gloss that does not fade or are hardened, and it is also possible to omit heat energy during wet curing, and the produced cured products have excellent durability and have built-in reinforcing steel Corrosion-resistant, thick slate, terrazzo, perforated blocks, interlocking blocks, various other blocks, fish reefs, kelp root wraps, tetrabots, concrete poles, retaining walls, artificial wood, PC-printed human plates, various decorative boards ,
Permanent walls, piles, Huum pipe culvert boxes, side gutters, etc.
It is widely used in the production of secondary cement products, and by adding carbon fibers, knotted acrylic fibers, or other fibers or net materials, or by pre-stressing, it is possible to create cured products with high bending and tensile strength. can. In addition, the foamed uncured material can be filled and cured in the spaces of safes, fittings, panels, countertops, etc. Not only can lightweight aggregates such as hard perlite be mixed in, but it can also be used for reinforced concrete and foamed materials on-site. Construction of cement-based structures such as reinforced concrete (sealed and cured, impregnated with water or reaction solution after molding, and covered with non-water permeable materials such as plastic sheets by using adhesive tape on the surface) Cover and cure.In the case of painted mortar, either apply a synthetic resin emulsion after applying raw mortar and cure it to form a film, or cover with a plastic sheet and cure after applying raw mortar to prevent water evaporation. If this occurs, remove the plastic sheet, impregnate the mortar with water or reaction solution, and cover with a plastic sheet again to cure.The plastic sheet may be foamed.Also, the mortar base is non-water permeable. It is desirable that
A foamed plastic with a textured pattern may be pressed and pressed into the mortar surface. 》, concrete paved roads, base concrete for asphalt paved paths, basement construction, etc., and can also be used for architectural and civil engineering work, as well as making conventional ALC non-water absorbent and increasing its strength. Nuclear reactor disposal It has a wide range of uses, including the production of concrete for buried objects and the production of nuclear reactor structures.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of one example of a curing chamber, and FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 3 to 22 are schematic sectional views for explaining a curing method for a hydraulic system. 9, 12, 13, 15, 1B, 25, 29, 33, 36
, 39, 43, 54, 60, 62, 站 1 fig. 2 fig. 13 fig. 14 fig. 5 fig.

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) Impregnating a water-absorbing hydraulic system, prepared with or without the addition of an appropriate amount of reactant, with steam, water, or a reaction liquid, and subsequently moist-curing, steam-curing, or autoclaving the hydraulic system. A hydraulic curing method characterized by: (2) After demolding, a hydraulic system made with or without the addition of an appropriate amount of reactant and sealed, wet, or steam-cured is impregnated with steam, water, or a reaction solution, and the hydraulic system is subsequently moistened. A hydraulic curing method characterized by curing, steam curing, or autoclave curing. (3) Curing of a hydraulic system, which is characterized by adding an appropriate amount of a reactant and curing the hydraulic system in a hermetically sealed, moist, or steam-cured state, followed by demolding and then moist-curing, steam-curing, or autoclave curing. Law. (4) A water-absorbing hydraulic system made by using refractory aggregate with or without addition of an appropriate amount of reactant, dried immediately after molding, applied and baked, as claimed in the claim. 1. A method for producing a hydraulically cured product, characterized by subjecting it to the curing method described in 1. (5) Made by adding an appropriate amount of reactant to Claim 1, 2 or 3
A method for producing a cured hydraulic product, characterized by soaking the cured hydraulic system in water and removing deposits that have eluted and adhered to the surface.