JPH02211804A - Sowing on raising seedling bed and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform uniform sowing of seeds over the whole surface of a raising seedling bed at uniform density by sowing seeds to the upper surface of a raising seedling bed in zigzag state and then sowing in such a manner as to fill the gap between the zigzag seed rows. CONSTITUTION:Seeds 31 stored in a drum are sowed on the upper surface of a raising seedling bed of a raising seedling box 8 in zigzag state as shown by open circles. When the raising seedling box 6 reaches the next drum, seeds are sowed in zigzag state to fill the gap of the seeds sowed by the former step as shown by the filled circles. The seeds are supplied by halves from a pair of seed-delivery drums to the raising seedling box.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for sowing seeds into a seedling box for cultivating seedlings for a rice transplanter or other transplanter, and an apparatus therefor.

The number of rice farmers who transplant rice by hand has decreased, and now more farmers use rice transplanters to transplant rice. This rice transplanter is the 11th
As shown in the figure, mat-shaped seedlings 3 are placed on a seedling platform 2 connected to a self-propelled layer 1, and the mat-shaped seedlings 3 are planted using claws 4, as shown in FIG. , constant area (wlx
This is a device that scrapes the rice into the block 5 of Ll) and embeds it in the paddy field.

As shown in FIG. 13, the mat-shaped seedling 3 has a predetermined vertical dimension L (for example, 580++ m) and horizontal dimension W (for example, 280 m).
), the seedlings are grown in a seedling box 6 having the same vertical dimension and horizontal dimension W, as shown in FIG. 14.

In order to sow seeds in this seedling raising box 6, as shown in FIG.
A seedling box 6 containing a seedling bed 6a is placed on top of the seedling box 6, and the paddy 10 is dropped from a sowing machine 9 fixedly supported on a seedling box 8, while the seedling box 6 is moved horizontally and scattered, or as shown in FIG. As shown.

A plurality of seedling growing boxes 6 placed on the ground 11 are lined up in a row, and a person manually moves a sowing machine 9a equipped with a roller 12 that rolls on the seedling boxes 6 to scatter the paddy. As shown in FIG. 17, the sowing machines 9 and 9a are rotatably provided with a seed dispensing drum 14 at the bottom of a hopper 13 that stores paddy 10.The seed dispensing drum 14 has a semicircular shape in its longitudinal direction. Grooves 15 are formed at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and rotate in conjunction with the movement of the seedling growing box 6 or the seeding machine 9a. Therefore, as the drum 14 rotates, the groove 15 becomes clogged with rice grains 10, and the rice grains 10 fall into the seedling box 6 one row at a time.

The mat-shaped seedlings 3 are planted by scraping them into one block 5 with the nails 4, and each time they are planted, the seedlings 3 are planted one pitch at a time with the width W1 of the block 5 by the horizontal feeding device 16 of the seedling platform 2 shown in FIG. The planting is sent in the horizontal direction (left or right direction), and when one row of the front end on the claw 4 side is finished, the planting is sent to the claw 4 side by one row corresponding to the length Ll of the block 5 by the vertical feeding device 17. In the case where the rice transplanter has a structure in which the same operation is repeated one after another, the number of times the length and width W of the mat-like seedlings 3 are scraped can be set in advance by an adjustment device (not shown) of the rice transplanter. That is, if the number of times of scraping is decreased, the area of ``-times = - stock'' will be increased, and if the number of times of scraping is decreased, the area will be decreased. In this way - the seeding rate per box, ie the density of seedlings, the number of seedlings is controlled by the number of seedlings planted.

In general, when planting rice, planting the same number of seedlings per plant without missing any plants will ensure uniform growth of the rice, which in turn will lead to the production of ``high-quality rice''.

At the same time, it is possible to omit supplementary planting work (this is done manually after the rice transplanter has finished planting) for missing plants (normally - 0 to 1 plant per plant), which saves labor and improves mental efficiency. It will reduce pain. In other words, this is an important element of rice planting that leads to ``reducing the cost of rice cultivation = producing cheap rice'' in order to reduce the high rice prices that are currently becoming a social issue.

However, in reality, when planting with a rice transplanter, the uniformity of the matted seedlings 3 is lower than the accuracy of scraping the seedlings with the claws 4, as shown in FIG.

A place where the paddy 10 is sown thickly in the seedling raising box 6 (A
), areas where the seedlings are sown thinly (B), or areas where the seedlings are not sown due to missing teeth (C).
Due to poor sowing accuracy, planting the same number of plants as above,
Or, it is not possible to eliminate the missing plants, and the amount of seeds sown in the seedling nursery box 6, the size of the paddy 10 due to the difference in varieties, and the desired number of seedlings to be planted at the time are roughly the same. Seedlings were raised using a metered sowing machine, sowing several grams (or hundreds of CCs), and the number of scraped seedlings per plant was adjusted using the rice transplanter, Because the seedlings are only scattered randomly, there is no sowing management for each plant, and as a result, sometimes the number of seedlings per plant is uneven or missing (usually about 3 to 8% of the number of plants planted). was.

Conventional seeding machines sow seeds appropriately regardless of the number of horizontal and vertical scrapings, so the grown seedlings can be planted easily, and the seedlings are planted so that they are thick enough to allow for later growth. Even though the rice was planted, it was not compatible with the rice transplanter in terms of accuracy, and it was natural for plants to be missing and the number of seedlings per plant to be uneven during the planting process. .

Up until now, rice cultivation has consisted of either sowing many seeds in the box, or
In some cases, seedlings were prevented by adjusting the machine to increase the scraping area with nails and by increasing the number of seedlings scraped per seedling. It was far from being possible to produce high-quality rice because it overgrown in the rice fields, was prone to pests and diseases, and the rice grains tended to be small during harvest.

Now that we have surplus rice, we must give priority to ``growing high-quality rice,'' which means we must change the conventional way of thinking about sowing, raising seedlings, and rice transplanting as described above.

In order to do this, even though the seedlings are mat-like, it is necessary to carefully sow each seed into each seedling.

If this method of sowing each plant is applied to a conventional sowing machine (Fig. 15), the horizontal sowing width Wl at one time in Fig. 13 is small (generally W = 280 mm).
is scraped 26 times, so the scraping width w1 = l
o, am), in order to allow 3 to 5 seeds per plant to enter the sowing hole per plant, as a result of experiments, the diameter of the hole must be approximately 1OIII. Yes (if the diameter of the hole is made small, the seeds inside will be difficult to come out due to friction, which will impair the accuracy of sowing, and conversely will encourage missing plants and uneven number of seedlings), 1
As shown in Fig. 18, the width Wt corresponding to the scraping is similar to the sowing groove 15 of a conventional seeding machine, as the adjacent holes 15a, 15a become continuous as shown in Fig. 18. Therefore, the goal cannot be achieved.

Therefore, the present invention uses a rational improvement of the seeding machine to set the sowing amount (number of grains) equivalent to the number of seedlings for one plant at the time, and to prevent unevenness in the number of seedlings at the time of planting. The aim is to improve the quality of rice and eliminate the need for supplementary planting by preventing plant loss.

In other words, from the conventional rough seeding rate management of how many grams per box (or hundreds of CC sowing), the rice transplanter's planting rate is changed to -how many grains per plant according to the number of plants.
The aim is to improve the management of the number of seeds sown, and to provide a seeding machine for this purpose.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for sowing seeds in which seeds are sown in a staggered manner one after the other on the upper surface of a nursery bed, and the gaps between the staggered sowings are mutually compensated for. In order to embody these methods, a pair of seed delivery drums are arranged side by side, rotatably in the front and rear directions, on a base or a movable cart equipped with a conveyance device, and the peripheral surface of the drums is This sowing machine is constructed by drilling a plurality of sowing holes arranged in a staggered manner that can accommodate seeds for one plant.

Path 1 According to the present invention having the above configuration, when each of the pair of seed dispensing drums rotates, the drums before and after each sow half the amount of seeds into the seedling box, and the sowing is carried out in the gaps where the seeds were sown in a staggered manner by the previous drum. The next drum also sows seeds in a staggered manner, eliminating the gaps formed by the staggered pattern, and sowing the seeds evenly and uniformly throughout the seedling nursery box. In other words, as the seedling raising box moves or the seeding machine itself moves, gaps are formed uniformly in the seedling raising box, as if teeth were missing during the first sowing, and staggered seedlings are formed to fill the gaps. Since the seeds are sown twice, the seeds are sown uniformly and at a constant density on the inner surface of the nursery box.

Great suitability An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of seeding machines 22 and 23 are supported on a base 21 provided with a conveyor 20 such as a conveyor, with an interval equal to at least the length of the seedling box 6. Fix it. Seeding machines 22 and 23 each have hopper 2.
4, a seed dispensing drum 25 rotatably supported at its lower part, a cover 26 that covers approximately half the circumference of the drum 25, a brush 27 that rotates in sliding contact with the drum 25, a pulley 28 that rotates the drum 25, and a pulley belt. 29
The zero-seed delivery drum 25 consists of two pulleys 28, 28 that can be rotated in conjunction with a pulley belt 29.
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of seeding holes 30 are bored on the circumferential surface in a staggered arrangement. That is, the seeding holes 30 are drilled in the drum 25 at a constant pitch 2p in the axial direction of the drum 25 and at a constant pitch ip in the circumferential direction, and the rows in the axial direction are shifted to either the left or right at a pitch 1p. It is set up. The sowing hole 30 contains a certain number of seeds 32
It is a recess into which the

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, two seed feeding drums 3
3.33 are manufactured in the same manner, and by changing the direction of assembly of one of the seed delivery drums 33.33 during assembly, manufacturing costs can be reduced and one of the objects of the present invention can be achieved. (However, in this case, the prerequisite is that the seeding state is an even number in both the horizontal and vertical directions.)

In FIG. 1, the brush 27 is used to scrape off excess seeds 31 that have entered the sowing hole 30 by adjusting the interval up and down as appropriate, and to determine the number of seeds sown per plant. Particularly in this case, the pattern is already staggered, but the advantage is that the seed feed drum 25 in FIG.
．． Since the six intervals in the circumferential direction of the sowing hole 30 can be set to the dimension of 2p, it becomes easy to create a margin for scraping off the excess seeds 31 scooped out by the sowing hole 30 with the brush 27, and Result - The number of seeds sown per plant is stable,
- Accurate sowing conditions can be ensured throughout the box.

Therefore, to explain the operation of the above embodiment, in FIG. 1, when the seedling raising box 6 advanced by the conveyance device f120 reaches and passes the seed feeding drum 25 of the seeding machine 22, seeds 3 are removed from the drum 25 rotating by the pulley belt 29.
1 falls, and the seedlings are sown in a staggered manner as shown by the white circles in FIG. Then, sow the seeds in a staggered manner between the sowing gaps shown in Figure 1.

When all the seeds are sown in the box in this way, the seeds will be evenly distributed and at a constant density, as shown in FIG.

It should be noted that the rotations of the first sowing machine 22 and the second sowing machine 23 must be synchronized by synchronizing the rotations using a pulley belt 29 so that the rotations are as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 in the seeding state. Of course.

In addition, rather than having a sowing hole in a cylindrical body with a relatively small diameter and rotating it many times, the seed dispensing part has a sowing hole in a cylindrical body with a large diameter, and the circumferential speed of the sowing hole and the transport speed of the seedling box can be adjusted. By synchronizing the cylinders so that one rotation of the cylindrical body completes seeding in one box, the accuracy of sowing will be further improved. In addition, the pitch of the seeding holes 30 of the seed feeding drum 25.25 and the pitch in the seeding state are not completely the same, and the rotational speed of the drum is adjusted by the circumferential speed of the drum 25.25 with respect to the conveyance speed of the seedling raising box 6. Determine.

Further, the cover 26 is provided to ensure that the seeds 31 scooped by the sowing hole 30 are transported downward.

The space between the brush 27 and the cover 26 may be inspected for the number of seeds that have entered the sowing hole 30 of the seed delivery drum 25, and the above-mentioned adjustment of the brush 27 is performed based on the results of this inspection. .

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

In the above embodiment, the seed delivery drum 25 of the seeding machine 22
The sowing hole positions of the seed dispensing drum 25 of the sowing machine 23 were arranged in a staggered manner in the sowing state, but as shown in FIG. Seeding hole positions may be arranged. However, in this case, the vertical sowing hole pitch IP is 2 as in the case of staggered holes.
In order to ensure that the seeds can be scooped up by the sowing holes and the amount of seeds can be controlled by the brush 27, the pitch of the sowing holes in the vertical direction, that is, the rotational direction, must be widened, and the seed dispensing section can be adjusted accordingly. The rotation must be increased, which has the disadvantage that the seeding conditions tend to be disturbed.

The present invention aims to sow seeds for one plant in a dot-like manner as much as possible, but depending on the type of seedling box (for example, presence or absence of ribs on the bottom of the box), one seedling may be placed between the lower end of the seed dispensing drum 25 and the seedlings in the seedling box 6. There are cases where there is a large distance from the floor 6a (boxes without ribs on the bottom of the box), resulting in a situation where each plant is scattered as shown in Figure 7, but planting is done by scraping the seedlings with the claw 4. Since it is within the range surrounded by imaginary lines 34 and 35, the accuracy of the number of seedlings is not much different from that of spot sowing for each plant described above, but the advantage of sowing in this way is that Since the seeds are sown almost evenly over the entire interior surface, the sowing accuracy is much better than the conventional "spreading" method, even if the rice transplanter has different horizontal scraping times or you want to change the vertical harvesting dimensions. It is possible to ensure that

As an application example, if a structure is added that allows the rotational speed of the seed delivery drum 25 to be changed with respect to the conveyance speed of the seedling nursery box 6, for example, when the rotation is made faster, planting can only be done in the horizontal direction as shown in FIG. It is also possible to sow multiple vertical strips as shown by imaginary lines 36 that match the scraping of the nails 4. The advantage of this case is that the number of plants per plant can be adjusted by freely selecting and adjusting the vertical dimension Ll of the claws 4 in the case of planting shown in FIG. 13.

Further, FIG. 16 shows a conventional sowing machine that sows seeds by placing seedling boxes 6 side by side, but the present invention can be applied to this case as well, and two sowing machines 22a, 23a and 2
By providing the seed delivery drums 25a, 25a, it is possible to sow seeds with high accuracy.

In addition, the seed feeding drums 25a, 25a.

If it is designed to be detachable from the main body of the seeding machine (not shown), even if the number of horizontal and vertical feedings of seedlings in a rice transplanter is different, the seed feeding part will be able to match the horizontal and vertical feeding. By preparing them in advance, they can be easily replaced, and the sowing conditions of the seeding machine of the present invention can be more reliably adapted to the rice transplanter.

In the above-described seeding machine of the present invention, it is more convenient to arrange a scraper 37 as illustrated in FIG. 10 in parallel as a means for more reliably dispensing seeds for each plant.

As shown in Fig. 10, a very narrow groove 38 is made to pass through the sowing hole 30 for each plant in the circumferential direction of the rotating seed dispensing drum 25, and the sowing machine side is inserted into the groove 38. A fixed scraper 39 that is assembled into the hole 30 allows the sowing hole 30 to be constantly cleaned.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent the seeds 31 from remaining in the sowing holes 30, which helps improve sowing accuracy.

In the above manner, the final sowing will be as shown in Figure 5, with the seeds before and after filling each other's space, so that the seeds are sown uniformly over the entire surface of the box as a whole. .

Moreover, the sowing conditions are sown in an orderly manner that matches the conditions of the rice transplanter's scraping with the claws 4.

Therefore, if seedlings grown using the seeding machine of the present invention are used, there will be no shortage of plants during planting.

Manual supplementary planting work can be omitted, and since the number of seedlings on each plant is uniform, it is possible to harvest ``high-quality rice'' with uniform growth after planting.

[According to the present invention described above, half the amount of seeds are sown from a pair of seed dispensing drums into the seedling box twice in the front and back, and gaps are created in which the seeds are sown in a staggered manner using the front drum. Since the seeds are sown in a staggered manner using subsequent drums to fill in the gaps, the seeds are evenly distributed in the nursery bed.

Can be sown at a uniform density. Moreover, the sowing conditions are so orderly that they are adapted to the manner in which the rice transplanter scrapes the rice with its nails, making it possible to create mat-like seedlings that can be planted without missing plants. Therefore, there is no need for one-person supplementary planting work because there is no shortage of plants during planting, and since the number of seedlings on each stock is well-balanced, subsequent growth is uniform during planting.
You will be able to harvest high quality rice.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 10 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view of the seeding machine, FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of the seed feeding drum, Fig. 4 is a plan view showing a sowing state, Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a completed sowing state, and Fig. 6 is a plan view showing another sowing state. Figure, 7th
The figure is a partially enlarged view of Fig. 5, Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of another seeding state, and Fig. 9 is a side view of an example in which the sowing machine is movable.
Fig. 10 is a partial perspective view of an example in which a scraper is provided on the feeding drum, Fig. 11 is a side view of the rice transplanter, and Fig. 12 is a partial perspective view of an example in which a scraper is provided on the feeding drum.
FIG. 13 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 11, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a nursery bed, FIG. 15 and
6 is a side view showing a conventional seeding machine, FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIGS. 15 and 16, and FIG. 18 is a reference explanatory view. 6... Seedling box 6a... Seedling bed 20...
・Transportation equipment @ 21... Base 22.22a, 23
, 23a... Seeding machine 24... Hopper

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In the method of sowing by moving the seedling bed in the longitudinal direction or by moving the seeding machine over the seedling bed, the seeds are sown one after the other in a staggered manner on the top surface of the seedling raising box, and the gaps between each staggered sowing are A method of sowing seeds in a nursery bed, characterized in that the seeds are sown in a way that they complement each other. (2) A pair of seed dispensing drums are arranged in parallel at the front and rear so as to be freely rotatable, and a plurality of sowing holes capable of accommodating seeds for one plant are drilled in a staggered manner on the circumferential surface of the drums. seeding equipment. (3) A pair of seed dispensing drums are installed in parallel on a base equipped with a conveying device so that they can rotate freely in the front and rear, and a plurality of sowing holes capable of accommodating seeds for one plant are arranged in a staggered manner on the circumferential surface of the drum. A fixed seeding device characterized by being made by making a hole. (4) A pair of seed dispensing drums are installed in front and rear of a trolley that can be moved over the nursery bed so that they can rotate freely, and a plurality of sowing holes are drilled in a staggered manner on the circumferential surface of the drum. A mobile seeding device characterized by: