JPH02179081A - Solid-state image pickup device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a momentary zoom function by ejecting an unrequired signal charge at a part other than the part to be expanded, reading out the required signal charge of the part to be expanded intermittently to a horizontal transfer stage, and outputting a signal to be outputted at every (n) horizontal scanning periods. CONSTITUTION:A signal charge accumulated in a photoelectric conversion element 201 is read out to a vertical transfer stage 202. The unrequired signal charge for a picture element 301 is ejected by operating the vertical stage 202 at high speed via the output part 204 of the horizontal transfer stage 203. The signal charge required at the time of performing vertical expansion corresponding to a picture element 302 is doubled in a vertical direction by transferring for one time at every two horizontal scanning periods intermittently. Next, the unrequired signal charge for a picture element 304 is ejected by transferring at the speed of 1/2 of the ordinary speed at the horizontal stage 203. The signal charge corresponding to a picture element 305 to be expanded can be doubled in a horizontal direction by transferring at the speed of 1/2 of the ordinary speed in the horizontal stage 203.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid-state imaging device having an electronic zoom function.

Conventional technology In recent years, with the spread of video tape recorders.

Development of solid-state imaging devices has become more active, making them smaller and lighter.

High reliability, low cost, and multifunctionality are required.

The enlarging function of the conventional imaging device will be described below.

The magnification function of conventional imaging devices uses an optical method, and the magnification effect is achieved by moving the lens using a complicated cam mechanism.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with the above configuration, time is required to move the lens, and it is extremely difficult to obtain an instantaneous magnification effect. Furthermore, since a complicated cam mechanism is required, it is impossible to arbitrarily set the enlarged position.

The present invention focuses on the above-mentioned problems and provides a solid-state imaging device that has an instantaneous and arbitrary point enlargement effect by adding all electronic methods to the enlargement function.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.

First, a first charge transfer means for transferring and discharging unnecessary signal charges of pixels corresponding to areas other than those to be enlarged in the vertical direction of the solid-state image sensor at a vertical transfer stage during a vertical retrace period. Then, the necessary signal charge of the pixel corresponding to the part to be enlarged in the vertical direction of the solid-state image sensor is intermittently transferred once every n horizontal scanning periods in the vertical transfer stage and read out to the horizontal transfer stage. A second charge transfer means transfers at least a part of the signal charges read into the horizontal transfer stage by the second charge transfer means at a speed of 1/n of the normal speed.
Signal sound to be output during horizontal scanning period.

A solid-state image sensing device driving pulse generation circuit is provided to have a third charge transfer means for outputting the signal via the charge detection section every n horizontal scanning periods, and a signal output by the third charge transfer means is provided. A clamp circuit and a clamp pulse generation circuit are provided for clamping a part of the optical black part,
Furthermore, in order to extract only the necessary signal of one horizontal scanning period from among the video signals outputted by the third charge transfer means, a block is provided to remove the remaining unnecessary (n-1) horizontal scanning period signals. A ranking circuit and a blanking pulse generation circuit are provided, and the blanking pulse is removed by the blanking circuit (
n-1) This configuration includes a signal interpolation circuit for interpolating signals during the horizontal scanning period.

Effect of the Invention With the above configuration, the present invention can obtain a signal magnified by n times in both the vertical and horizontal directions. 1 It is possible to obtain an instantaneous magnification effect by n times only by operating an electric switch. .

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, a solid-state imaging device with a 2x electronic zoom function, which is an example of the solid-state imaging device driving method of the present invention, will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a solid-state imaging device with a 2x electronic zoom function according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1o1 is an optical lens, 102 is an interline type C0D (charge coupled device), and 103 is an interline type C0D (charge coupled device).
104 is the interline type COD'f: a solid-state image pickup device drive circuit for driving, and a pulse generation circuit for signal processing.

The operation of the solid-state imaging device using the interline COD having the above configuration will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 6. .

First, the internal structure of the solid-state image sensor (interline type CCN) shown at 102 in FIG. 1 will be briefly explained using FIG. 2. 201 is a photoelectric conversion element (charge storage section), 202 is a vertical transfer section, 203 is a horizontal transfer section, and 204 is a signal output section.

The optical signal that has passed through the optical lens 101 shown in FIG. 1 is accumulated in the photoelectric conversion element shown at 201 in FIG. 2 of the solid-state image pickup device shown at 102 in FIG. The accumulated signal charge is
By operating the element drive pulse generation circuit shown in FIG. 1 104 at the timing shown in FIGS. 4 and 6,
As shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 3, double zooming will be performed.

To explain the above operations in order, 2. First, the signal charges accumulated in the photoelectric conversion element 201 shown in FIG.
At the timings shown in 3 and 404, 20 in FIG.
The data is read out to the vertical transfer stage shown in FIG. Next, 30 in Figure 3
By operating the vertical transfer stage at high speed at the timings 404 and 414 in FIG. 4, unnecessary charges corresponding to the pixels shown in 1 are transferred to the horizontal transfer stage shown in 203 in FIG.

The signal charge required for vertical expansion corresponding to the pixel 302 in FIG. 3 is discharged via the output section 204 shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the vertical transfer stage is doubled in the vertical direction by intermittently transferring data once every two horizontal scanning periods. Next, add unnecessary charges corresponding to the pixels 303 in FIG. 3 to 402 and 41 in FIG.
By operating the vertical transfer stage at high speed at the timing shown in 2, the liquid is discharged through the horizontal transfer stage and the output section.

This completes the vertical double enlargement.

Next, horizontal double enlargement will be explained.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the portions 401 and 411 in FIG. 4. In the periods indicated by 401 and 411, the signal charges required during the vertical expansion are as follows.

At the timing shown at 604 in FIG. 6, serial-to-parallel conversion is performed from the vertical transfer stage to the horizontal transfer stage once every two horizontal scanning periods, and the unnecessary charge corresponding to the pixel shown at 304 in FIG. At the timing shown at 505 in the figure, the horizontal transfer stage transfers the data at 1/2 the normal speed and discharges it through the output section. Next, 305 in Figure 3
The signal charge corresponding to the pixel to be enlarged shown in 6 of FIG.
At the timing indicated by 01, the data is transferred and output at 1/2 the normal speed within the horizontal transfer stage, thereby being enlarged twice in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, 306 in Figure 3
The unnecessary charge corresponding to the pixel shown in is transferred at 1/2 the normal speed within the horizontal transfer stage at the timing shown in 502 in FIG.
The signal charge of the optical black portion corresponding to the pixel shown at 307 in FIG. 3 is transferred at half the normal speed within the horizontal transfer stage at the timing shown at 603 in FIG. 6 (within the horizontal scanning period). and output. In the manner described above, a solid-state image sensor output signal that is doubled both vertically and horizontally is obtained.

Furthermore, the clamp circuit shown at 106 in FIG. 1 converts the signal of the optical black part shown at 503 in FIG.
The pre-blanking shown in FIG. 6 617 is performed by the blanking circuit shown in FIG. 1 106, which is clamped by the OB clamp pulse shown in FIG. (PBLK) pulse to obtain the signal signal shown in FIG. 6 604.

At this time, the signal is absent every horizontal scanning period.

Therefore, the signal Bi shown in FIG. 6 is obtained by delaying the signal B by one horizontal period using the one horizontal period delay element shown in FIG. Delay signal B by one horizontal period, 606 in FIG.
A signal C shown in is obtained.

Next, the signal B and the signal obtained by adding and averaging the signal M and the signal C using the adder 109 shown in FIG. 1 and the attenuator 110 shown in FIG.
A Y signal shown in FIG. 607 is obtained.

Furthermore, various normal signal processing was performed using the signal processing pulses from the signal processing pulse generation circuit shown in FIG. Get I signal.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, excellent effects such as adding a double instantaneous zoom function to a solid-state imaging device can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a solid-state image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. FIG. 2 is a timing chart of driving pulses for a solid-state image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 612...Composite blanking signal (CBLK), 5
13... Vertical drive pulse (φV1), 514...
...Horizontal drive pulse (φH1), 616...
・Output of solid-state image sensor (i number, 516...mark ・OB clamp pulse, 617...pre-blanking pulse (PBLK), 602...P B L K
Pulse, 603...Output signal of the solid-state image sensor. Name of agent: Patent attorney Shigetaka Awano and 1 other person20
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Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A photoelectric conversion element that constitutes a two-dimensionally arranged pixel and is partially shielded from light, a vertical transfer stage, a horizontal transfer stage, and a signal charge of the photoelectric conversion element to the vertical transfer stage. The signal charges corresponding to some of the pixels of a solid-state image sensor having a readout gate and a serial-parallel converter section for reading signal charges from a vertical transfer stage to a horizontal transfer stage and a signal charge detection section are all collected at once during a vertical retrace period. a first charge transfer means for reading out from the photoelectric conversion element to the vertical transfer stage and then transferring and discharging at high speed in the vertical transfer stage; and a signal charge corresponding to the remaining pixels within the vertical scanning period; a second charge transfer means for intermittently transferring the charge once every n horizontal scanning periods in the vertical transfer stage and reading it out to the horizontal transfer stage; By continuously transferring at least a part of the signal charges read into the transfer stage to the vertical transfer stage at a speed of 1/n of the normal speed for at least one horizontal scanning period, a signal voltage is generated via the charge detection section. What is claimed is: 1. A solid-state imaging device characterized by having a third charge transfer means for outputting as follows. (2) A patent claim characterized by having means for outputting an OB signal corresponding to a photoelectric conversion element that is shielded from light within a horizontal effective scanning period from a solid-state image sensor, and further clamping the OB signal within the horizontal scanning period. The solid-state imaging device according to item 1. (2) The third charge transfer means is provided with a means for extracting only the necessary signal of one horizontal scanning period from among the video signals output from the solid-state image sensor and blanking the remaining unnecessary signals. A solid-state imaging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: (4) During the period when no video signal is present, the blanking means adds and averages the video signal of one horizontal scanning period taken out at the end before that and the video signal of the horizontal scanning period taken out at the beginning after that, 4. A solid-state imaging device according to claim 1, further comprising means for interpolating a video signal.