JPH0216003A - Molding process of concrete product - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain excellent ratio of water to cement with less water by a method in which the upper surface of the bottom plate to be laid under the frame having the mold cavities opening up and down, is covered with a water- absorbable mat, and the mold cavities are filled with dry concrete, dry mortar and the cement of one kinds or more becoming a surface layer, and then on said materials, wet concrete becoming a supporting layer is integrally solidified. CONSTITUTION:A frame is composed of the outer frame 1a constituting a surrounding wall and the partitioning frame 1b dividing inner part into a plurality of mold cavities 3. The frame 1 is placed on the water-absorbable mat 4 on a base plate or on the mold releasing sheet lapped on said mat. Each mold cavity of the frame is filled with dry concrete, dry mortar and the cements of one kind or more to necessary thickness, and thus the dry part D becoming a surface layer is made. Then the mold cavity is filled with residual green concrete to necessary thickness, and thus the wet part W becoming a supporting layer is laminated. By determining suitably the thickness of the surface layer (dry part) and the thickness of the water-absorbable mat 4 or water-absorbing ratio, both the surface layer and the supporting layer are integrally solidified at the suitable ratio of water to cement.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) This invention provides a method for forming passages, for example, by using a formwork having one or more mold holes that are open at the top and bottom, and a bottom plate laid under the formwork. It relates to methods for forming concrete products, such as paving or paving blocks laid out for paving, other building blocks, and large concrete panels.

<Prior art> Using such a formwork and bottom plate (pallet), hard mixed concrete with a slump value of about O is filled into each hole of the formwork, and gravel is added to the - side of the filled concrete layer. tile,
Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-8202 discloses a method for forming washed-out style concrete products in which decorative materials such as stones are scattered and a portion of the decorative materials are pressed down into the concrete layer to solidify the concrete layer. be.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention>": In the conventional method, in order to form the surface of the molded product on the upper surface of the formwork, the surface of the concrete filled in the mold hole is vibrated or It is necessary to pressurize the concrete from E to make it into a specified shape, and it is necessary to apply vibration and pressure to push the decorative materials scattered on one side into the concrete layer, so forming is carried out. must rely on a molding machine equipped with a vibrator and a press device.

<Means for Solving the Problems> Therefore, the present invention makes it possible for the molding to occur on the surface of the molded product or on the bottom surface of the formwork, and as a method for molding concrete products, the tJJ1 invention has mold holes that are open at the top and bottom. Cover the bottom plate laid under the formwork with a water-absorbing mat, place the formwork on top of this mat, and add dry concrete to form the surface layer with the required layer thickness in each hole of this formwork, The method is characterized in that it is filled with dry mortar or cement, firstly filled with wet concrete to serve as a support layer to a desired thickness, and then the surface layer and the support layer are solidified as one body.

Also, the :tS2 invention covers the bottom plate placed on the bottom of a mold having a mold hole opened downward with a water-absorbing mat.

The formwork is placed on top of this mat, and decorative materials such as gravel, tiles, stones, etc. are sprinkled on the mat in each hole of this formwork, and then the surface is layered in each hole with the required layer thickness. Fill with at least one type of dry concrete, dry mortar, or cement, and then humidify and harden the surface layer.
Alternatively, wet concrete serving as a support layer is filled on the surface layer to a required thickness and solidified integrally with the surface layer at °C.

<Example>1' In the embodiment shown in A' (1 is a mold having mold holes that are open at the top and bottom, 2 is a bottom plate that is laid on the top of the mold and closes the bottom surface of each mold hole, The formwork is made of a suitable material such as a wooden plate, metal plate, plastic, etc. In this embodiment, in order to form a plurality of blocks in the same line, there is an outer frame 1a that constitutes the surrounding wall, and an inner area surrounded by the outer frame 1a. The bottom plate 2 is made of a wooden plate, a metal plate, a concrete plate, a plastic plate, etc., and has the same size as the outer shape of the outer frame 1a or a little smaller than that of the outer frame 1a. To form a block, cover the top surface of the bottom plate 2 with a mat 4 made of a water-absorbing material such as non-woven fabric, sponge with open cells, pulp, paper, cotton, or gray wool, and place a mold frame l on the mat 4. However, in order to ensure good mold release during demolding, a release sheet 5 made of polypropylene non-woven fabric, cloth, etc. is placed on top of the mat 4, and all molds are placed on top of this sheet 5. is preferable.

The above-mentioned water-absorbing mat 4 may be separate from the bottom plate, or may be attached in advance to the top surface of the bottom plate by adhesive or the like. Furthermore, the release sheet 5 may be separate from the water-absorbing mat 4, or may be attached to the upper surface of the mat 4 by adhesion, tacking, or the like.

Dry concrete, which forms the surface layer of formed blocks, is a mixture of cement powder, fine aggregates such as sand, and coarse aggregates such as gravel without the addition of water, and dry mortar is a mixture of cement powder, fine aggregates such as sand, and coarse aggregates such as gravel.
A mixture of fine aggregate without the addition of water, and cement is a powder without the addition of wood, and as the cement powder, other than ordinary cement, resin or the like can also be used. Furthermore, fibers such as carbon fiber glass m fibers and metal #l fibers may be mixed with dry concrete, dry mortar, and cement.

In addition, the wet concrete used to form the support layer is a mixture of cement powder, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate to which water is added, and in the same way, fibers such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and metal fiber are further mixed. Furthermore, the cement powder may be other than ordinary cement, such as resin. In particular, if this wet concrete is used as the residual concrete that remains in the hopper of the concrete pump for pumping ready-mixed concrete at the construction site of Concrete Elit after every t1 of construction work, the trouble of disposing of the residual concrete without causing pollution can be saved. And it can be used for making concrete blocks - it has the effect of killing two birds.

No. 11M is an embodiment of the first invention, in which, as mentioned in L, at every concrete construction site, the mold and bottom plate are brought to the site in order to use adult cows produced after the completion of construction for wet concrete. The mold l is placed on the -H water-absorbing mat 4 of the bottom plate 2 or the release sheet 5 overlaid on it.
, 21 L/, each hole of the formwork is filled with one or more of dry concrete, dry mortar, or cement to the required thickness to form a dry surface layer, and then filled with the required thickness of adult concrete. A wet portion W serving as a support layer is laminated.

The layer pressure at the try portion is, for example, about 5 to 501, and the layer pressure at the seam portion W is appropriately determined depending on the thickness of the concrete block to be formed. And wet part Wtm
When layering, vibration may be applied by inserting a portable rod-shaped vibrator into the mold hole.

When the wet part is laminated on top of the try part in the mold cavity in this way, the dry part below becomes wet with the water exuding from the wet part, and the water absorbent mat 4 below absorbs excess water for the dry part.

Therefore, in this embodiment of wet concrete as a support layer, the thickness of the surface layer (dry part) and the thickness or water absorption rate of the water-absorbing mat 4 are appropriately determined according to the slump value and age of the adult cow. , Adequate amount of water for both supporting layer:
Cement ratio - solidifies into the body. When used as a stone block, no air bubbles will form on the surface that comes into contact with the water-absorbing mat 4, and the product has improved strength and is highly resistant to abrasion due to use. become.

Of course, after solidification, the mold is removed from the mold cavity and properly cured to form a product. Note that the wet portion may be wet concrete with an adjusted slump value.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the second invention for molding a concrete block such as a paving block having a washed-out decorative surface on the surface, and the water-absorbing mat 4 on the E side of the bottom plate 2 or further layered thereon. Decorative materials 6 such as gravel, tiles, stones, etc. are scattered in each mold hole of the mold l placed on the mold release sheet 5,
If necessary, sprinkle decorative joint sand 7 between the decorative materials 6, and then fill each mold hole with at least one type of dry concrete, dry mortar, or cement to the required thickness to form a surface layer, similar to the #1 invention. Separate the try part.

Next, grown cow concrete or wet concrete adjusted to a required slump value is filled to a required thickness while vibrating with a rod vibrator if necessary, and a wet portion W that will become a support layer is laminated.

- Generally, the water-absorbing mat 4 is Nr fE compressible, so the first sprinkled decorative material 6 is compressed by the weight of the try and wet parts stacked on top of the mat, and some of it is eaten away by the mat. It's crowded. Therefore, the try part is wetted by moisture exuding from the sea urchin part, the wet part and the dry part are solidified together, and when the mold is removed, the decorative material 6 is adhered and held on the surface layer with a part protruding from the surface of the product.

The water-absorbent mat 4 in the second invention not only absorbs excess water absorbed by the dry portion from the wet portion W, but also serves to make the decorative material 6 protrude from the surface of the product below. The thickness of the mat 4 is determined not only by the thickness of the slump f1 and the surface layer of the wet concrete 1 but also by taking into account the elasticity with which the decorative material is bitten.

When manufacturing with a concrete molding machine, after scattering the decorative material 6 and filling the dry part, add water to the trough 1 part to moisten it, and then set the formwork together with the bottom plate into the molding machine. It is also possible to manufacture the product in an instant demolding method by filling hard mixed concrete onto the try area and pressurizing it under vibration to form the product.

In each of the illustrated embodiments, multiple products are molded at the same time.
A formwork with multiple partitioned holes is used, or when molding large products such as large concrete panels, a formwork with one hole open at the bottom may be used. .

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, the surface layer, which is the trial part, and the water-absorbing mat absorb excess water in the wet part and reduce the water:cement ratio, increasing the strength of the wet part. The mat homogenizes the moisture content of the surface layer and creates a good water:cement ratio with low moisture content, so the surface strength of the surface layer is excellent against friction, and no air bubbles are formed on the surface.In this way, the entire surface is strong, Products with excellent surfaces can be molded.

Further, according to the second invention, it is possible to mold a product having a decorative surface such as gravel, tile, stone, etc. that looks washed out without the need for post-washing treatment that increases the f-number.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the first invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the second invention. In the figure, l is the formwork, 2 is the bottom plate, 3 is the hole of the formwork, 4 is a water absorbent mat, 5 is a release sheet, 6 is a decorative material such as gravel, 7 is a decorative joint acid, and D is W indicates a dry portion that will be a surface layer, and a wet portion that will be a support layer.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Cover the bottom plate placed under the formwork with vertically open formwork holes with a water-absorbent mat, place the formwork on top of this mat, and place the formwork in each of the formwork holes. Fill the surface layer with one or more of dry concrete, dry mortar, and cement to the required thickness, then fill it with wet concrete that will form the support layer to the required thickness, and solidify the surface layer and support layer as one. A method for forming concrete products characterized by: (2) Cover the bottom plate placed under the formwork with vertically open formholes with a water-absorbent mat, place the formwork on top of this mat, and Decorative materials such as gravel, tiles, and stones are scattered on the mat, and then each mold hole is filled with one or more types of dry concrete, dry mortar, or cement to form the surface layer to the required thickness, and then the surface layer is humidified. 1. A method for forming a concrete product, characterized by solidifying the concrete product with the surface layer, or filling the surface layer with a wet concrete serving as a supporting layer to a required layer thickness and solidifying the concrete product integrally with the surface layer.