JPH02150489A - Two-pack polyurethane-based sealant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject two-pack sealant capable of ready application and comparatively rapid curing and providing a smooth surface by using a composition composed of a fluid urethane-based prepolymer, a fluid macromolecular polyol, a spherical calcium carbide and a curing catalyst. CONSTITUTION:The objective sealant is composed of (A) a fluid urethane prepolymer having >=2 isocyanate groups, (B) (i) a fluid macromolecular polyol with 400-10000 average molecular weight, (il) a spherical calcium carbide with 0.02-0.08mum average particle size containing 1-7wt.% alkali metal salt of a higher fatty acid adsorbed on the particle surface and having 1-5 attachment coefficient K {K is given by the formula [0.07 is constant; R is average particle size of calcium carbide (mum); Y is ratio (%) of weight of alkaline salt of higher fatty acid to that of calcium carbide]} and (C) a curing catalyst where the content of the component (ii) is 1-2.5 times of the weight of the liquid components in the mixture.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] <Industrial application field> The present invention is directed to the use of liquid A (urethane prepolymer as a base).
and B liquid (curing agent) are mixed before construction, the homogeneous mixture is filled (constructed) into various joint parts, and it is naturally cured by the reaction of the urethane prepolymer in liquid A and the polyol in liquid B. The present invention relates to a two-component polyurethane sealing material that forms an elastic seal.

More specifically, it has a suitably long pot life, virtually no dripping or foaming, and cures relatively quickly, making it easy to create an elastic seal with a smooth surface and beautiful appearance. Regarding the ability to form.

Sealants used for joints and vertical areas such as window frames must have properties that do not cause dripping from the time they are applied until they harden, so non-sag sealants are used. It is called.

With this non-sag type, it flows easily when external force is applied, such as when mixing both components before construction or when extruding with a gun, but when it is left still, the apparent viscosity becomes extremely high and almost no flow occurs. It is necessary to have a property called thixotropy (hereinafter abbreviated as thixotropy).

To impart thixotropic properties to non-sag sealants,
Usually, a method of blending various additives (thixotropic agents) is used, but the type of sealant (component, type of polymer, curing agent, etc.) and the structure of the thixotropic agent (chemical composition, particle shape, particle size, It is already well known that the effects differ and subtly change depending on the type of sealant (structure), so even if the sealant is effective, in many cases it will not be effective at all when used with other sealants. be. Therefore, it is necessary to find the best thixotropic agent for each individual sealant.

For example, cubic calcium carbonate with an average particle size of 0.15 to 1 μm adsorbed with 0.2 to 2.8% by weight of sodium stearate is used as a thixotropic agent, and this is used as a corrugated polyvinyl chloride plastisol sealant (chlorinated Vinyl, plasticizer glue.

(consisting of P and adhesive), the
As disclosed in the Examples of Publication No. 34177, it exhibits good dispersibility and thixotropy, but when added to the curing agent of a two-component polyurethane sealant (as described later), the thixotropy changes and decreases significantly over time,
This will cause dripping and the finished appearance (joints) will be poor. When stored for a long time, most of the thixotropy is lost (destroyed).
However, the foaming phenomenon is more likely to occur, and the pot life is also shortened.

On the other hand, a wave-type urethane sealing material with a thixotropic agent of calcium carbonate and metal soap surface-treated with stearic acid or stearyl alcohol (Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-56187
Although it exhibits good thixotropy, side reactions occur between the isocyanate groups of the base urethane prepolymer and the active hydrogen of stearyl alcohol and stearic acid, resulting in the progress of the curing reaction (urethanization reaction). Because of this, the curing of the sealant is slow (at the same time, the reaction between isocyanate and water (foaming reaction) cannot be suppressed,
It has the disadvantage of foaming and forming a swollen (poor appearance) seal with low strength and elongation.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The present invention is an improvement on all the drawbacks of the prior art, and its purpose is to provide an appropriately long pot life.
(easy to apply), and after filling the joint, it cures relatively quickly without dripping or foaming, and can smoothly and easily form an elastic seal with a smooth surface and beautiful appearance. Our objective is to provide polyurethane sealing materials.

<Means for Solving the Problems> That is, the above object is achieved by a two-component polyurethane sealing material that is used after mixing AiM and BM described below.

Liquid A: Liquid urethane prepolymer 10,000 having two or more isocyanate groups, liquid polymer polyol particle size of 0.02 to 0.08+um, and the following adhesion coefficient (
Spherical calcium carbonate (b) with K) of 1 to 5 (hereinafter referred to as SF
-It is called charcoal. ) and a curing catalyst (c), the content of (b) being 1 to 2.5 times (by weight) the weight of the liquid component coexisting in the system. However, 0.07 = constant R = average particle diameter of calcium carbonate (μm) Y = weight ratio of higher fatty acid alkali gold salt to the weight of calcium carbonate (%) <Effect> That is, the present inventors As a result of intensive research into modifiers that can improve all the drawbacks of the conventional technology, we have found that in the case of the above-mentioned specific configuration: (1) In addition to the function of a filler, SF-charcoal has good thixotropic properties. is applied to the sealing material to moderately promote and promote the curing reaction between the prepolymer and the polyol, thereby also exhibiting the function of suppressing and preventing the foaming reaction between the prepolymer and water.

(2) The unique spherical shape and ultrafine particle morphology of SF-charcoal facilitates uniform dispersion into liquid B, and the SF attached (coated) to the surface prevents formation of secondary particles and agglomeration. prevent,
To contribute to stable uniform dispersion, improvement of storage stability, prevention of foaming reaction by absorbing moisture contained in polyol and contact air, and promotion of curing reaction.

(3) Solution B, in which SF-charcoal is uniformly dispersed, is stable even when stored for a long period of time under relatively harsh temperature conditions;
Uniform dispersion even when liquid is mixed with liquid A (polyol, plasticizer)
It is also stable with respect to the prepolymer in liquid A and liquid A, and does not dissolve or react with it. To prevent the curing reaction and preferentially advance the curing reaction smoothly.

(5) The A-BU mixture in which SF-charcoal is dispersed has a moderately long pot life (and facilitates construction work, as well as a decrease in the TI value that is likely to occur as the curing reaction progresses). There is very little (there is virtually no dripping).

(6) The cured and produced elastic polyurethane sealing is
It should have a smooth surface, a beautiful appearance, and good strength, elongation, and movement followability.

They discovered this and arrived at the present invention.

If the amount of fatty acid alkali metal salt C (hereinafter abbreviated as SF) is less than 1% by weight (based on the weight of calcium carbonate), good dispersibility and thixotropy cannot be imparted, and the curing speed is slow. If the average particle diameter is outside the above range, the foaming reaction is likely to occur.
Dispersibility, stability, thixotropy, etc. tend to deteriorate. Furthermore, if the adhesion coefficient (K) is less than 1, the dispersibility and thixotropy will decrease, causing a foaming reaction and a delay in the curing rate. It takes less time to use and is difficult to install.

"Spherical" in spherical calcium carbonate, which forms the base of SF-charcoal, refers to curved surfaces such as essentially spherical, true spherical (round, full moon shape), substantially spherical, elliptical, squishy, oval, etc. means calcium carbonate having a spherical-like shape,
and includes.

Note that calcium carbonate having a spindle-shaped or cubic-shaped sharp edge has poor dispersibility, making it difficult to achieve the object of the present invention.

The liquid component coexisting in the liquid B system is a liquid polymer polyol, or a mixture of it and liquid additives (liquid plasticizer, curing catalyst, ultraviolet absorber, antioxidant, etc.). means.

The weight ratio of SF-charcoal (b) to the liquid component is 2.5
When the amount is more than twice the amount, the dispersibility of SF becomes poor and the liquid component tends to separate, and when it is less than 1 times the amount, the thixotropy and curing speed are reduced, and foaming tends to occur.

A more preferable composition of liquid B is that (a) is 10 to 40% by weight.
, 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of (C), and 5 to 3% of a plasticizer.
The composition contains 0 weight and 4%. The addition of a plasticizer modifies the viscosity, and the sealant of the present invention is used after uniformly mixing liquid A (urethane prepolymer) and liquid B (curing agent). The weight ratio is preferably 1:2 to 4.

is 140,000~2*ps, T I value is 4.3~5
．． 5 is desirable, and the above effect can be further improved. The mixing temperature of liquid A and liquid B is not limited, and the mixture (sealing material) is not affected by the environmental temperature throughout the year (the curing reaction proceeds smoothly and can exhibit the above effects).

The liquid urethane prepolymer, which is the main component of the liquid A, contains the polyisocyanate and polyol described below in an equivalent ratio of (polyisocyanate)/(polyol).
=1.2/1 to 2.5/1 (preferably 1.S/1 to 2
・2/1) is preferable, and it is preferable to have a terminal isocyanate group of 2 to 5% (weight i#, ) and a viscosity of 3000 to 200,000 cps6
Examples of the polyol include polyether polyols such as polytetramethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, olefin polyols such as polybutadiene polyol, polyethylene polyol, polyisoprene polyol, and oxirane ring polybutadiene polyol, and adipate polyols. ,
Examples include polymer polyols such as acrylic polyols, lacquer polyols, and polyester polyols such as castor polyols. These polyols may be used individually or in combination of two or more. Among these, polyether polyols (polyoxyalkylene polyols) or mixed polyols mainly composed of polyether polyols (50% or more) are most preferred; the above-mentioned polyols mean diols, triols, tetrols, pentols, and Average molecular weight is 400-10000. (preferably 800-50
00) is preferred.

Examples of the polyisocyanate include, but are limited to, tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and modified products thereof, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate, bitolylene diisocyanate, influorun diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, etc. Note that polyisocyanate means an isocyanate having two or more isocyanate groups, and polyisocyanates may be used singly or in combination of two or more.

Next, the average molecular weight used in liquid B is 400 to 100.
00 liquid polymer polyl.

Among the above polyols, those having an average molecular weight of 400 to 100
00 (preferably from 600 to 5000), which can be used singly or in combination of two or more.

Among them, polyoxyalkylene polyol (polyether polyol) or more than 50% by weight)
Most preferred are mixed polyols. In addition, in the combination of the liquid polymer polyol in the B liquid and the urethane prepolymer in the A liquid, one or both of them must be trifunctional (a polyol must have a triol, and a urethane prepolymer must have three isocyanate groups). It is preferable that there be. This combination is desirable because it is possible to form an elastic polyurethane and sealant with high crosslink density, high strength, high elongation, elastic properties, heat resistance, water resistance, oil resistance, etc.

The higher fatty acid alkali metal salt is preferably a sodium salt or potassium salt of a monobasic fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably a potassium salt or sodium salt of a monobasic saturated fatty acid having 8 to 22 carbon atoms.

The curing catalyst used in liquid B is the reaction between the urethane prepolymer in liquid A and the polyol in liquid B (urethanization reaction).
Known urethanized cobalt heptathenate, which can promote
Examples include dimethyltin dichloride, which may be used singly or in combination of two or more.

Examples of plasticizers include phthalate ester plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate, fatty acid ester plasticizers such as dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate, phosphate ester plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffin, Polybutene, acrylic oligomers, etc. are preferred.

In addition to the above-mentioned necessary components, the sealant of the present invention may optionally contain fillers, colorants, antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers,
It is used in combination with additives for sealants such as light emitting agents and adhesives (tackifiers).

In the sealing material of the present invention, liquid A, which is a main agent (!I, agent), and liquid B, which is a curing agent, are usually stored in separate containers.
For use (construction), after stirring and mixing the required amounts of both liquids uniformly, fill them into a cylindrical container.

It is applied by injecting it into the joints while extruding it from a nozzle. The sealing material of the present invention is suitable for joints in buildings such as around sashes, joints in external walls that occur in prefabricated construction methods or curtain wall construction methods, the edges of waterproof layers, or cracks in concrete, mortar, etc.

It can also be used for joints that require friction due to walking or friction due to flowing objects, joints in bathrooms, kitchens, toilets, etc., joints in automobiles, ships, aircraft, etc.

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be summarized and described below.

(1) The two-component polyurethane sealing material according to claim (1).

(2) Solution B contains 10-40% by weight of the above (a), (c)
0.5 to 3.0% by weight, and further 5 to 30% plasticizer
The sealing material according to claim (1), which is heavy.

(3) When liquid A and liquid B are mixed at 20°C, the viscosity will be 140,000 to 250,000 cp after 20 minutes of mixing.
s, thixotropy index (TI) value is 4.3 ~
5.5. The sealing material according to claim (1).

(4) The sealing material according to claim (1), wherein liquid A and liquid B are mixed at a critical ratio of 1:2 to 4.

(5) The liquid urethane prepolymer has an equivalent ratio of:
(Polyisocyanate)/(Polyol)=1・2/1
The sealing material according to claim (1), which is obtained by reacting at a ratio of ~2.5/1.

(6) The above polyol has an average molecular weight of 400 to 100
00 polyoxyalkylene polyol or a mixed polyol mainly composed of it. Claim (1) and the above (
5) The sealing material described.

<Example> Examples will be described below.

In addition, parts shown in Examples mean parts by weight, and % means weight % unless otherwise specified. In addition, the slump test, foaming rate, appearance after curing, pot life, strength at break, elongation rate, viscosity, and thixotropy index (
The measurement and testing methods for TII and tack-free are as follows.

(1) Slump test The aluminum frame used for the slump test (according to JISA5758) is a long and thin plate with a length of 150 nnw and a width of 20 n+++, and a length of 100 am and a height of 10 m from one end on both sides.
+n side plate is made to stand upright. In the test, after mixing the samples A and B at 20°C, the mixture was filled into the aluminum frame with a spatula at predetermined intervals (immediately after mixing, 1 hour, and 2 hours later), and then immediately placed in a constant incubator at 50°C. After hanging vertically for 6 hours, the slump (sagging distance in ml) was measured.

(2) A mixture of foaming rate samples A and B was prepared with an inner diameter of 12 mm and a length of 50 mm.
Fill a mm (Lo) glass tube with a spatula and leave it to harden at 20°C. After curing, the distance (L) between the leading edges of the image protruding from both ends of the glass tube was measured with a caliper, and the foaming rate was calculated according to the linear equation.

Foaming rate (%) = L-Lo/Lox l 00 (3) Appearance After mixing liquid A and liquid B as required, mix A component and B component at a weight ratio of 1:3, and then 20mm, depth 1
Fill the vertical (longitudinal) joints of concrete joints with a length of 5m+s and a length of 2m.

(If) - Old 9. % u (7) a l 'l JJe
LJ em IIJ u * t 6・JISA5
758 pot life test method.

(f/) Strength at break, elongation rate After mixing the required amounts of liquids A and B for the sample, spread it on a glass plate made of release paper or old cloth to a thickness of 2 mm to prevent the sample from sticking. After filling and smoothing, hardening and curing for 7 days at 20℃, demolding to JISK63
A No. 3 dumbbell-shaped test piece specified in No. 01 was punched out and its strength and elongation at break were measured.

(5) Measurement of viscosity and TI value The viscosity was measured using an HBF viscometer at 10 rpm at 20°C, and the TI value was measured using the same viscometer (20°C). The viscosity at the shear rate (rotation speed) lrpm is 2O
This value is determined by the viscosity at rpm.

(6) Tack-free (hereinafter abbreviated as TF) J I 5A
5758, the free time (time required for no tack) was measured and used as a measure of curing speed.

Example 1 (1) Solution A (liquid urethane prepolymer) was prepared by adding 2.4 parts of polyoxypropylene triol to 280 parts of polyoxypropylene triol.
2.6 - 100 parts of tolylene diisocyanate with a mixing ratio of 80/20 were stirred and mixed at 85 to 90°C for 4 hours under a nitrogen stream to react, resulting in a terminal isocyanate group of 3.0% (weight).
A urethane prepolymer (liquid A) having a viscosity of 12,000 cps at 25° C. was obtained.

(2) Production of liquid B (curing agent) Meanwhile, 100 parts of polyoxypropylene diol with an average molecular weight of 2000, stearic acid, and 3% sodium were added to the surface.
Put 260 parts of adhered (coated) approximately spherical calcium carbonate (average particle diameter 0.06 μm%, value 2.57) and 5 parts of lead octylate (catalyst) into a blender (equipped with a stirrer).
After stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature to uniformly disperse, further 80 parts of dioctyl phthalate (plasticizer) was added, and 72 a
The curing agent of the present invention (liquid B) is degassed under reduced pressure of uaHg.
I got it.

When this B liquid was observed with a grind gauge, it was found that 6
There were no coarse particles (so-called bumps) of 0 μm or more, and the dispersibility of the calcium carbonate was good. Also, this B liquid is 37
It is extremely stable and does not produce any coarse or agglomerated particles even after being stored in a constant temperature chamber at ℃ for 6 months.The fine particles are evenly dispersed even in the sealant mixed with liquid A, and it has great strength. A cured product was provided (below).

(3) Performance of sealing material Next, a sealing material of the present invention was prepared by mixing the above-mentioned liquids A and B at a weight ratio of 1:3, and its performance was examined by the above test. As a result, the viscosity of this sealant was 178,000 cp 20 minutes after mixing both liquids at 20°C.
s, with a TI value of 5.2.

It exhibits good thixotropic properties and eliminates the aforementioned slump.
flow) was Omm. Its pot life is 4 hours, TF
The time is moderately long at 6 hours, the surface of the cured product is smooth, and the appearance after finishing is good. The mechanical properties were also good.

Furthermore, the performance of the above-mentioned solutions A and B after being stored in a thermostat at 37° C. for 6 months was investigated. As a result, 20 minutes after mixing at 20℃, the viscosity was 179,000 cps, the TI value was 5.2, and the slump was 0ffla! , pot life is 4 hours, TF is 6 hours, the surface of the cured product is smooth, and the foaming rate is 0%.
It has a strength of 18.7 and gf/ca+1, an elongation of 1220%, and an elongation rate at break of 281%, indicating that it maintains excellent properties and has good storage stability (stability over time). Admitted.

Comparative Example 1 Instead of the calcium carbonate of the present invention used in Example 1 (2), spherical calcium carbonate (average particle size 0.06 gm) with 3% stearic acid attached (coated) on the surface was used. Example 1 (2) Using 260 parts of 2.57) and 5 parts of calcium stearate (metallic soap)
Comparative solution B was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
A obtained in 1).

A comparative sealing material made by mixing liquid and comparative liquid B at a weight ratio of 1:3 had a viscosity of 208,000 cps and T after 20 minutes.
The I value was 5.3, it exhibited thixotropic properties, and the slump was Omm. However, the pot life is 8 hours, TF
The curing speed is slow in 25 hours, and the cured product is foamed (foaming rate is 9.6%) and has swelling (bulges), and the appearance after finishing is poor.The strength at break is 5, 4
Kgf/cm'' and elongation rate were 580%, both of which were quite low and not desirable.

Comparative Example 2 Instead of the calcium carbonate of the present invention used in Example 1 (2), cubic calcium carbonate (average particle size was 0.15 μm, and the value was 6).
was prepared. Next, liquid A (f) obtained in Example 1 (1)
i-shaped urethane prepolymer) and B solution (v
j! Comparative sealing materials were obtained by mixing the following sealants in a weight ratio of 1:3.

This sealant has a pot life of 2.5 hours and a TF of 5.
．． The viscosity after 5 hours and 20 minutes was 120,000 cps, the TI value was 4.1, the thixotropic properties were insufficient, the slump after 1 hour was 2Iffi, and the slump after 2 hours was 4.
It was layered and easily dripped. The cured product has a strength at break of 15.6 Kgf/car'', an elongation rate of 1180%, and is not foamed (the foaming rate is 0%), but wrinkles appear on both edges of the joint. The appearance after finishing was also poor.

Furthermore, the performance of the sealing materials after storing these A and B solutions in a 37° C. thermostat for 6 months was similarly examined. As a result, the pot life was 2.2 hours, the TF was 3.5 hours, the viscosity after 20 minutes was 90,000 cps, the TI value was 3.3, the thixotropic properties were considerably reduced, and the slump was 2 mm immediately after filling the joints. , 4 mm after 1 hour, 6IIIa after 2 hours
It was + and quite large, and the cured product was
In addition to many wrinkles on both edges of the joint, there was some foaming (foaming rate 5.5%) and swelling (bulges), and the finished appearance was extremely poor.

Example 2 Part e of polyoxypropylene triol having an average molecular weight of 113,000 was reacted with 100 parts of diphenylmethane-4-4°-diisocyanate at 90 to 95°C under a nitrogen stream for 5 hours to obtain a compound with terminal isocyanate groups of 2.7% (by weight). ), 2
A prepolymer with a viscosity of 21000 cPs at 5°C (
Solution A) was obtained.

On the other hand, sodium stearate (SS) adheres to the surface (
Coating) 250 parts each of approximately spherical calcium carbonate (SS Charcoal shown in Table 1), average molecular weight ff 1300
0 polyoxypropylene diol, 45 parts of dioctyl phthalate, and 5 parts of lead octylate were placed in a blender equipped with a stirrer, kneaded and dispersed at room temperature for 30 minutes, and then defoamed and cured under reduced pressure of 720 mmHg for another 20 minutes. A drug (BM) was obtained.

Next, liquid A and liquid B were mixed at a weight ratio of 1:V, and a performance test of the sealant was conducted. The results are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from the results in Table 1 in the margin below, the necessary conditions for calcium carbonate with higher fatty acid alkali metal salts attached to the surface (average particle size 0.02 to 0.08 μm, higher fatty acid alkali By satisfying the metal salt adhesion FF of 11 to 7% and the adhesion coefficient of 1 to 5), the pot life will be appropriately long and there will be virtually no dripping or foaming. It is possible to obtain an excellent two-component sealant that cures relatively quickly and becomes an elastic sealant with a smooth surface and beautiful appearance.

Example 3 Potassium stearate is attached to the surface instead of sodium stearate. The performance of the sealant was examined in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the same calcium carbonate was used in place of the surface-treated calcium carbonate in Example 1. As a result, the calcium carbonate was easily dispersed as in Example 1, and no abnormality was observed in the dispersion stability of Solution B even after long-term storage. In addition, even when mixed with liquid A, it is uniformly and stably dispersed, and the viscosity after 20 minutes is 179,000 CPS, TI is 5.2, and slump is 0++
It was m. Its pot life is 4 hours, TF is 6 hours, the foaming rate of the cured product is 0%, the surface is smooth, and the strength at break is 18
, 9 Kgf/am'' and an elongation rate of 1200%, results similar to those of the present invention in Example 1 were obtained.

Note that the sodium stearate or potassium stearate used in Examples 1 to 3 is attached to the surface.
'! f) Calcium carbonate has a substantially spherical shape (
Calcium carbonate (shaped like the spherical calcium carbonate shown in Figure 1(a) of JP-A No. 57-60294) is placed in an aqueous solution of sodium stearate or potassium stearate at the required concentration. After addition and thorough stirring, the paste was dehydrated using a filter press and then dried and classified.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, the present invention provides the following method: By mixing the above-mentioned specific calcium carbonate, which has a higher fatty acid alkali metal salt attached to the surface, into liquid B (curing agent). , can be dispersed easily, stably, and uniformly, has a suitably long pot life, cures relatively quickly without substantially causing dripping or foaming, has a smooth surface, and has a good appearance. It is possible to provide an excellent two-component sealing material that can easily form (install) a beautiful elastic body (elastic sealing), and its industrial significance is extremely large.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A two-component polyurethane sealing material that is used after mixing the following liquids A and B. Liquid A: A liquid urethane prepolymer having two or more isocyanate groups. Liquid B: The main components are liquid polymer polyol (a) with an average molecular weight of 400 to 10,000, 1 to 7% by weight of higher fatty acid alkali metal salt attached to the particle surface, and an average particle diameter of 0. 02 to 0.08 μm, spherical calcium carbonate (b) with an adhesion coefficient (K) below of 1 to 5, and a curing catalyst (c)
The content of (b) is 1 to 2.5 times (by weight) the weight of the liquid component coexisting in the system. Adhesion coefficient (K): (Y x R/0.07) x 100 where 0.07 = constant R = average particle diameter of calcium carbonate (μm) Y = weight of higher fatty acid alkali metal salt relative to weight of calcium carbonate ratio(%)