JPH0215012A - Protection of agricultural product by controlling agent of slugs - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To effectively control slugs and siebolds globular snail by using an insecticide of immediate effects against slugs consisting essentially of ammonia and to efficiently protect agricultural products such as vegetables from eating damage by these insect pests without phytotoxicity. CONSTITUTION:Ammonia is used as a main component of an insecticide of immediate effects against slugs, preferably urea is applied to leaves of crops, fruits or soil or applied as a fertilizer and urease, an enzyme obtained from a leguminous plant or a culture solution of a bacterium of the genus Bacillus is sprinkled upon to cause enzymatic reaction and to evolve an ammonia gas. By this method, not only the above-mentioned insect pests directly eating leaves of crops and fruits and damaging the crops, etc., but also insect pests living in soil are destroyed within several minutes, there is hardly a smell of ammonia, preventing effects are maintained for 1-several days and finally the compound is absorbed as a nitrogen fertilizer component.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for preserving agricultural crops using a slug control agent. The snail is a land-dwelling snail that belongs to the lung group, and the slug is a snail with a degenerated shell. Both are nocturnal and crawl around by producing mucus from their abdomens, causing great damage to vegetables, fruit trees, and flowers. Extermination using chemicals is a common method of control. The main drug used is an attractive poison bait containing metaldehyde as a main component, which acts as a digestive poison when ingested. It has been reported that organic acids such as malic acid and citric acid, copper sulfate, and 01-C4 alcohols, which act as contact poisons, are also effective, but all of them have high effective concentrations and are harmful to crops. There are problems such as chemical damage and a significant decrease in efficacy when sprayed on the soil, and it is difficult to find a product that is satisfactory as it does not fully demonstrate its effectiveness.

In view of the current situation, the present inventor attempted various experiments and found that Bacillus nalto
and Bacillus subtilis (Bacillus 5u)
btilis), Bacillus mycoides CBatil
When slugs and snails were sprayed with a culture solution of B. lus mytaidts, etc., they rapidly died.As a result of investigating the metabolic products in the bacterial culture solution, it was confirmed that ammonia was the causative agent. In laboratory tests, insecticidal effects were demonstrated even at an ammonia concentration of 0.0496. However, when a highly concentrated ammonia aqueous solution was sprayed on strawberry and cabbage fields where slugs and snails live, and the effectiveness of controlling these pests was observed, contrary to expectations, no control effect was shown at all. It was determined that this is because, like the above-mentioned chemicals, most of the sprayed ammonia was absorbed and adsorbed into the soil, or was evaporated and transpired, thus not exhibiting its effectiveness as a pesticidal agent at all. As a result of extensive research in order to compensate for this drawback, we have decided to spray or fertilize crops with urea in liquid or granular form in advance, and to apply urea to crops such as sea cucumber or Bacillus basteurii C13atil.
The researchers discovered a new method for exterminating slugs and snails by spraying a solution of the enzyme urease (CUrtase) prepared from S. lus pasteurii, which gradually causes an enzymatic reaction on the leaves of crops or in the soil, producing ammonia gas.

CO(NH2)2+ H2O Wow! , CO2,022
NH3 This method can kill not only slugs and snails that are directly feeding on vegetable leaves and fruits, but also those living nearby and in the soil within a few minutes.

Moreover, this method does not sting the nose like when directly spraying an ammonia aqueous solution (the odor of ammonia is hardly detected.Furthermore, its control effect can last for more than 24 hours).It can last for several days in the long run.It does not cause any chemical damage. Of course, it is eventually absorbed by plants as nitrogen fertilizer.The present invention was completed based on this new knowledge.Specific examples will be given and explained below.

Example 1゜10 sheets of 2210 two-tailed cuffs with a body length of 40 mm)
One insect of each was placed in an IJ dish, and then xml of 0.5% ammonia aqueous solution was sprayed onto each insect body. All slugs were dead within 3 minutes.

There were no revived insects, and the death rate was 10,096.

Example 2 1 ml of 396 urea aqueous solution was added to 10 large test tubes each having an inner diameter of 37 mm. Next, 0, s ml of urease enzyme solution obtained from sea cucumber was added to each. Subsequently, 10 scale snails with a diameter of 15 mm were thrown into each test tube. All the snails died within 3 minutes.

Resurrection insects (death rate was 100%).

Example 3 0.5 g of urea (crystals) was added to 10 large test tubes. Next, Bacillus basteurii (Bat-illus
1 ml of a urease enzyme solution prepared from a culture of P. asteurii was added to each test tube.

Subsequently, 10 wild slugs with a body length of 2 mm were thrown into each test tube. All slugs were dead within 3 minutes. Resurrection insects (death rate was 100%).

Example 4 A field with a large infestation of slugs and snails was selected, and the test plots were divided into 100 square meter sections, including an ammonia aqueous solution sprayed plot, a urea (aqueous solution)-enzyme sprayed plot, and a urea (crystal)-enzyme sprayed plot with 1096 citric acid. It was divided into 5 areas: acid sprayed area and untreated area. We actually cultivated vegetables such as strawberries, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and rapeseed at appropriate times throughout the year, and observed their control effects and chemical damage against slugs and snails.

As a result, no chemical damage occurred to vegetables in the area sprayed with aqueous ammonia solution, but no control effect was shown in field tests.

The citric acid-sprayed area used as a control not only showed no control effect in field tests, but also caused chemical damage to all vegetables. As expected, the untreated area caused severe damage to vegetables. In the urea-enzyme sprayed area, vegetables were completely prevented from being damaged by slugs and snails, and no chemical damage occurred. Field tests have demonstrated and confirmed that it is an excellent pest control agent and method.

Control test chart *In the laboratory test, a slug or snail was placed in a Petri dish or a large test tube and a chemical solution was sprayed on it, or a chemical solution was placed first to cause an enzymatic reaction and the insect bodies were added. The criterion was death within 3 minutes.

○...The patient died completely within 3 minutes and was not revived.

*In the soil test, a slug or snail was placed on the soil surface where the chemical had been sprayed, and the criterion was death within 5 minutes.

○...Completely fatal.

---He was revived without being fatal and ran away.

*The crops tested were Japanese cabbage, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and rapeseed. . We mainly observed the situation of drug damage.

*The slugs used were 20 to 4 Q mm in body length, such as Bactrian slugs and Yellow-bellied slugs. The Usukawa snail with a shell diameter of approximately 15 to 20 mm was used.

Patent applicant 1) Takeo Hata

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fast-acting insecticide for slugs, characterized by containing ammonia as a main component. 2. Spray or fertilize urea on the leaves, fruits, or soil of crops, and add leguminous plants or Bacillus to this.
The enzyme urease (Ur
A drug and control method for controlling slugs and snails by spraying slugs and causing an enzyme reaction.