RU2746814C1 - Application of rodenticides to control plant rodents - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The method of rodent control is characterized by the fact that it involves the use of Brodifacum rodenticide, which is applied by brush or by spraying on the stem circle and the root zone of the trunk of young apple trees at a concentration of 0.25% in the form of a solution.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to achieve year-round consumption of the active substance.

1 cl, 3 ex

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates

The present invention provides a method for controlling murine rodents in a year-round mode and is intended for use in agriculture and for the treatment of lawns.

State of the art

Biological and chemical preparations for controlling murine rodents are known in the art. They may contain various active substances (for example, zoocoumarin, brodifacum, bromodialon, zinc phosphide, a specific strain of the bacterium Salmonella, etc.), differ in their mechanism of action (causing epizootics, anticoagulants, acutely toxic substances, etc.). For example, brodifacum is an anticoagulant from the coumarin group and is fatal to rodents even after a single use. Rodenticides also differ in formulations. For example, they can be released as bait. Also known are forms in the form of an oil concentrate, hard or soft briquettes, concentrates, glycol solution, in liquid form. For example, brodifacoum is produced in the form of a finished briquetted 0.005% bait, 0.1% powder and 0.25% liquid concentrates for the preparation of baits. However, all of these forms are either ready-made baits for eating by rodents, or substances or initial forms for its preparation. Thus, the use of such forms involves the placement in the habitats of murine rodents either ready-made or prepared by the consumer using usually grain and the actual pesticide bait in any available way. For example, such baits can be laid in burrows, dispersed using a mechanical device, laid out in warehouses and storages in the form of granules or briquettes. Also, chemical treatment directly in the field is considered effective.

So, for example, known rodenticidal agent "Storm" (company BASF, Germany), which is a single meal bait based on the compound flocumafen, has an anticoagulant effect. The active ingredient Flocumafen is more effective than the previously known rodenticides. Thus, the drug guarantees the fastest and most reliable effect. In addition, such baits are effectively used if the rodent species is immune to warfarin, and as a result, are difficult to control when using rodenticides acting upon repeated ingestion. The high effectiveness of flocumafen in practice means that special precautions must be taken to ensure that baits are not available to children, pets, etc.

In addition, the known drug "KLERAT, G", which is a rodenticide based on brodifacum in the form of a granular ready-to-use bait. According to the manufacturer, it is a potent second generation rodenticide, ready-to-use bait that is attractive to mice and rats. Rodents prefer "KLERAT, G", even if there is another food or other bait nearby. It does not cause alertness in rodents, they do not avoid the places where the bait is laid. Rodenticide granules "KLERAT, G" are unattractive to other warm-blooded animals. A special additive (bitrex), which is part of the drug, prevents accidental eating by humans. The death of rodents occurs a few days after a single meal of the bait and is effective in the case of resistance of rodents to other anticoagulants.

All of these types of rodenticides have a common disadvantage. They must be used in the form of a bait, and, therefore, it is imperative to include in the bait, in addition to the active substance itself, and components that are edible and attractive to rodents (wheat, barley, oats, etc.), which causes a rise in the cost of the bait compared to the cost only the active substance.

In addition, fresh seedlings of protected plants are themselves highly preferred food items for murine rodents. Accordingly, after the emergence of seedlings in the fields and the onset of the warm season, the rodents receive an alternative food source to any bait (green mass) and instead of the bait begin to eat the sprouts, thereby causing damage to the crops, and the bait is left intact. Thus, even when the bait is laid out, its effectiveness may not be high, because rodents feed on and choose not only bait rodenticide but other food sources as well.

The situation is similar with young tree bark.

Thus, there is a need for an agent that is uniquely effective in rodents and is highly effective.

The technical solution according to the present invention proposes the use of a new method of controlling murine rodents, as well as preparations for this control, and consists in the fact that the plants themselves are used as bait, in the form of sprouts or on the trunk circle and the root zone of the trunk of young trees.

Disclosure of invention

The present invention proposes to use as direct bait the fresh sprouts of the protected plants themselves, which have been treated with rodenticides (biological or chemical) or their mixture.

For example, a culture liquid containing the bacterium Salmonella enteritidis, var. Issatschenko, 29/1 (titer 10 ⁹ ), which is the active ingredient of the pesticide "Bactorodencid". Further, without preparing the bait, the specified culture liquid is sprayed (for example, using an OP-2000 sprayer) or in another way on fresh seedlings of protected plants, with a consumption of 3 liters per hectare. Salmonella enteritidis remains viable on seedlings for up to 3 days. Mouse rodents eat the treated seedlings, become infected with Salmonella enteritidis, stop feeding on the 2nd day and die on the 7th day. At the same time, in contrast to the use of a bait, rodents do not have a food choice between contaminated food (bait) and green mass not contaminated with rodenticide. Accordingly, in the case of seedling treatment, rodents are guaranteed (due to no alternative) to consume the product treated with rodenticide. In addition, due to the cessation of feeding the rodents, the damage caused to the seedlings is minimized already on the second day. To extend the period of preservation of the rodenticidal activity by the active substance of Salmonella enteritidis (up to 2 weeks), microcontainers obtained according to paragraph 6 of the invention according to patent No. 2581929, or obtained in another way, but representing hollow containers, in the form of a shell made of synthetic polymeric material with at least one hole.

Also, the sprouts can be treated with a solution of any chemical rodenticide preparations, including with the addition of microcontainers obtained according to patent No. 2581929, or obtained in another way, or microcapsules with a solution of rodenticide, obtained, for example, according to the methods according to patent No. 2126628, or in another way, known from the prior art. Also, the processing of the sprouts can be carried out in another way known from the prior art (for example, dusting with a powder of the active substance).

As rodenticides can be used any known means, for example, biological or chemical nature or mixtures thereof. For example, cultures of bacteria or other microorganisms that cause diseases of rodents (Salmonella, Isachenko bacteria, Merezhkovsky bacteria) can be classified as biological rodenticides. Rodenticides of a chemical nature include substances that suppress biochemical processes in the body of rodents. For example, it can be organic rodenticides:

anticoagulants: warfarin, ethylphenacin, difacinone, triphenacin, chlorftsinone, tetrafenacin, bromadiolone, flocumafen, brodifacum,

derivatives of thiourea (rats), inorganic origin (zinc phosphide).

With the onset of the warm season, any of the methods and preparations described above can be used to process the trunk circle and the root zone of the trunk of young trees, which are gnawed by murine rodents, which will also allow, due to minimal damage to the bark, to achieve guaranteed destruction of pests.

Accordingly, the technical solution according to the present invention allows:

1. Avoid the cost of preparing the bait;

2. Reduce the cost of processing fields, eliminating such laborious methods as manual burrowing and replacing them, for example, with ultra-low-volume spraying;

3. Achieve year-round consumption of the active substance, since the object of consumption is the protected object itself, which does not have an accessible and safe food alternative for pests.

Examples of

Example 1

In a manner known from the prior art, a culture broth containing the bacterium Salmonella enteritidis, var. Issatschenko, 29/1 (titer 10 ⁹ ), which is the active ingredient of the pesticide "Bactorodencid". Further, without preparing the bait, the specified culture liquid was sprayed (for example, using a sprayer OP-2000) on fresh seedlings of protected wheat plants in the field, at a rate of 3 liters per hectare. Salmonella enteritidis remained viable on seedlings for up to 3 days. The activity was analyzed from the chambers. The mice in the field ate the treated seedlings, as a result of which they became infected with Salmonella enteritidis, stopped eating on the 2nd day and died on the 7th day.

Example 2

Brodifacum was applied by brush or by spraying on the stem circle and root zone of the trunk of young apple trees at a concentration of 0.25% in the form of a solution. The solution was kept on the bark for up to 5 days. Mice, while eating bark, died next to the tree or when moving away from it.

Example 3

A mixture in a solution of Merezhkovsky bacteria and ethylphenacin at a concentration of 5 g / L was applied to wheat germs. Mice and rats died on day 3 after eating wheatgrass.

Claims (1)

A method of controlling rodents, characterized in that it involves the use of Brodifacum rodenticide, which is applied by brush or by spraying on the trunk circle and the root zone of the trunk of young apple trees at a concentration of 0.25% in the form of a solution.