JPH07138118A - Plant pest controlling agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a plant pest controlling agent free from environmental pollution. CONSTITUTION:A spore-containing cultured material of Bacillus Acillussphaericus T-1 strain is sprayed on the soil where vegetables, flowers or living tree seedlings are growing after or without dilution. This agent is widely effective for preventing plant pests including root-knot nematode of Chinese cabbage, etc., diseases of lawn caused by a Rhizoctania, aphids of flower or living tree seedling and insect damage by slug. It is harmless to human and beasts and free from fish toxicity.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant control agent, and in particular, damage caused by root-knot disease of vegetables, disease caused by brown patches of grass, large patches, etc., damage caused by aphids of flowers such as peach saplings and chrysanthemums, orchids. The present invention relates to a plant control agent effective for controlling pests and other pests and diseases caused by slugs.

[0002]

Various pesticides are used for controlling pests and diseases of plants. For example, PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) is a specific medicine for root-knot disease of vegetables, and thiuram, captan, thiophanatemethyl, For benomyl, mepronil, iprodione, chloroneb, and large patch, germicides such as tolclofos-methyl, isoprothiolane-flutolanil, captan, and iprodione are known.

Organophosphorus agents and synthetic pyrethroid agents are mainly used as control agents for aphids, and it is known that a methaldehyde agent is effective for slugs.

[0004]

However, all of these pesticides are chemicals, and these pesticides are used to varying degrees to cause human toxicity (respiratory disorders, skin disorders, rashes due to residual concentrations). Although the usage standards are set for environmental hygiene such as cancer and teratogenicity) and the toxicity of effluent to fish, environmental pollution due to residual toxicity has recently become a problem, and the use of pesticides tends to be restricted. The regulations of local governments are becoming stricter, especially for golf courses, and there are even examples of the total ban on the use of pesticides.

As a disease control of plants using microorganisms,
In addition to traditional fermentative applications, antagonistic microorganisms that directly act on pests have recently come into use, but their practical areas are still limited.

[0006] Further, for example, a product of a bacterium belonging to Bacillus thuringiensis has been used as an insecticide for a Lepidoptera insect, but its use is restricted due to its toxicity to silkworms.

The present invention provides a culture solution of a specific microorganism, the use of which has not been known so far, as an agent for controlling various pests and diseases.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors previously discovered Bacillus sphaericus T-1 bacterium, and prevented the generation of flies and stench of a spore-containing culture in livestock dung. Japanese Patent Application No. Sho 59-2
00182 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-20) was applied as a feed additive for livestock, and Japanese Patent Application No. 60-46082 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-404) was also applied as a nematicide, After that, as a result of various experiments on the effective use of the Bacillus, it was found that the Bacillus has an effective control action against pests and diseases of various plants.

That is, the present invention is a plant control agent characterized by comprising a spore-containing culture of Bacillus sphaericus T-1 bacterium.

The Bacillus sphaericus T-1 bacterium used in the present invention was entrusted to the Institute of Microbial Science and Technology as Microindustrial Research Institute No. 7820 (FERM P-7820), and its mycological properties are described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 59-200182 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-20).

The "culture" of the present invention means the culture solution itself obtained by culturing Bacillus sphaericus T-1 in a liquid medium or a concentrate or dried product thereof, and the culture solution here means a culture containing cells. It means both a liquid and a culture liquid obtained by removing bacterial cells by filtration or the like.

The above-mentioned liquid medium may be any liquid medium in which bacteria of the genus Bacillus usually grow, and is not particularly limited, but normal broth, tryptoso broth and the like are suitable.

The culture of the present invention, as described in the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-20, is harmless to humans and animals that can be used as a feed for livestock such as poultry and pigs. Effective in controlling pests and diseases. Effective against, for example, pure parasitic pathogens of the subgenus Algae and subclass Paleozoa, such as powdery scab of potato, virus-mediated polymyxia, orpidium, and root-knot fungus of Brassicaceae (Plasmodiophora) Besides, Rhizoctonia sola of turf
It is also effective for controlling brown patches and Rhizoctonia large patches by ni Kuehn. In addition, fruit trees such as peach saplings and chrysanthemums, damage caused by aphids of flowers, and feeding damage caused by slugs and snails such as orchids are also effective.

Particularly effective for the application of PCNB, whose use is being regulated recently due to problems of terativity and environmental pollution,
For example, root-knot disease of the above Brassicaceae, is effective against black blight of potatoes, and, since it is effective against the disease of turf caused by Rhizoctonia, various vegetables and standing tree seedlings die,
It is considered to be particularly effective against diseases caused by Rhizoctonia, such as root rot, black bruise, sprouts and stem rot.

The culture of the present invention is applied to the culture solution or its dry powder as it is or with a solution diluted as appropriate. Usually, it is sprayed on the soil or its cell number is 10 ⁷ to ¹⁰ / m 2.
The culture solution of 1 is diluted 10 to 1000 times and applied by spraying or spraying. The application amount is 10 to 100 ml / m ² in terms of undiluted solution, and for example, a 10 to 50-fold diluted solution is applied at a rate of 1 l / m ² and applied several times as needed. It is also effective to soak the roots in a 10-fold diluted solution when planting the seedlings.

Although it is possible to spray directly on the leaves of the plant, in this case, it is preferable to spray water to wash the surface of the leaves.

The culture of the present invention can be used alone or in combination with various fertilizers.

[0018]

[Action] The mechanism of action of the culture of the present invention for controlling various pests and diseases is not necessarily clear, but Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus cereus produces antibacterial substances against filamentous fungi. Bacteria are known, and the Bacillus sphaericus T-1 bacterium of the present invention is presumed to have such properties, but unlike Bacillus thuringiensis, there is no harm to silkworms, and fish poison It has been confirmed that there is no.

The action on pests such as aphids, slugs and snails is still unknown,
The human body, mammals,
It has been confirmed that it is harmless to birds, and that it is harmless to earthworms such as Daphnia and worms, which are feeds for ornamental fish, and earth-useful organisms, and its specificity is extremely remarkable.

[0020]

EXAMPLES Next, the effects of the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

The spore-containing culture broth of Bacillus sphaericus T-1 bacterium of the present invention (hereinafter, simply referred to as culture broth) used in the following examples for controlling various plants was produced by the method according to Example 1. .

Example 1 (Preparation of culture solution) Bacillus sphaericus T-1 was cultivated on an ordinary agar culture medium by slant culture to obtain a preserved strain. From this slant culture, one platinum loop was added to 10 ml of normal broth (pH 7.2). Inoculate
After culturing at 35 ℃ for 48 hours, 200m of the same normal broth as above
and culture for 48 hours under the same conditions, transfer this culture solution to 4000 ml of the same normal broth as above, and culture with aeration in a small jar fermenter at 35 ° C for 48 hours to determine the number of bacteria 10 ⁸ ~
A culture solution of ¹⁰ / ml was obtained.

Example 2 (Control of Chinese cabbage root-knot disease) The number of bacteria on September 13, 1991
Fifty Chinese cabbage seedlings with a height of about 15 cm were planted in 6 m ² of the field, which was sprayed with a 10-fold diluted solution of 10 ⁸ / ml of culture solution at a rate of 3 l / m ^{2 on} the ground. No onset of downy mildew was observed.

On the other hand, the control of Chinese cabbage in which the culture solution was not sprayed on the surface showed a 100% incidence of root-knot disease.
Met.

Example 3 (Control of grass dying on grass of golf course) Opening in Gunma Prefecture 1
At a golf course of the year, a 9-hole course brown patch and a rhizoctonia large patch were controlled by spraying 1 l / m ² with a 50-fold diluted solution of a culture solution (the number of bacteria was about 10 ⁷ / ml).

[0026] For green, in May-June 1993
When sprayed three times every 10 days and three times in August-September, no disease was observed in either Koryo or Bent. The other 9-hole green, which was used as a control, had a disease and was treated with a pesticide treatment.

When spot treatment other than green was carried out only on the affected areas, 80% of the affected areas stopped expanding after 10 days from the treatment, and leaf elongation was observed.
It recovered in 15 days, the disease spread was suppressed in the remaining 10%, but it did not recover.

Example 4 (Control of aphids of cabbage) After planting in a field test of cabbage, a 25-fold diluted solution of a culture solution (cell count: about 10 ⁷ / ml) was used.
1 l / m ^{2 was} sprayed on every 7 families, and after spraying it was washed off with water. PCNB was used in the control section.

The rate of root-knot disease in the culture solution-sprayed group was similar to that in the PCNB-treated group (5%), but no aphid was found at all. On the other hand, aphids were generated in the PCNB-treated area, and they were controlled by insecticides.

Example 5 (Extermination of aphids of chrysanthemum and peach saplings) The culture solution (the number of bacteria was about 10 ⁸ / ml) was added to the soil of 5 pots of chrysanthemum and peach saplings, each of which had been aphid-grown, which had been planted in a pot with a diameter of about 20 cm. 100 ml of each 10-fold dilution
It was sprayed and then watered twice in the morning and evening. From the third day the aphids began to fall, and after five days almost all the aphids had died and fell.

Example 6 (Control of slugs and snails) Western orchid (cattleya),
A 10-fold dilution of the culture solution (bacteria number about 10 ⁸ / ml) was sprayed at a rate of 1 l / m ² around the stems, stems and stems of shrimp, moto and satsuki, and slugs and snails were placed on the outside of them. I observed the movement. None of them entered the spray area and ran away.

In the case of potted plants, the slugs hidden in the depressions under the pots disappeared 3 days after spraying the culture solution.

In order to confirm the effect, 10 slugs and 10 snails were separately placed in a beaker containing soil,
A 10-fold diluted solution of the culture solution was sprayed onto the inner surface of each beaker by spraying. After 24 hours, 10 slugs and snails
It was confirmed that all the animals were dead.

[0034]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The culture of the present invention has a wide-ranging control effect against plant and insect damage, is harmless to humans and animals, does not have fish toxicity, and has no risk of environmental pollution.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A Bacillus sphlicus (Bacillus sph)
aericus) T-1 spore-containing culture. 2. The plant control agent according to claim 1, wherein the control target is root-knot disease of vegetables. 3. The plant control agent according to claim 1, wherein the control target is Rhizoctonia. 4. The plant control agent according to claim 1, wherein the control target is aphids. 5. The plant control agent according to claim 1, wherein the control target is slugs.