JPH02140597A - Device for improving quality of tubular type heat exchanger such as surface condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To simplify replacement of brush extremely without hindering internal inspection of pipe by forming a stopping means of a stopper such that position of the stopper can be fixed at an inclining annular flange while restricting force or shape. CONSTITUTION: Each pipe 2 secured to the base board of a heat exchanger 1, i.e., the bottom 3 of a pipe, is provided, at the end 9 thereof, with a cage type capturing body 10. The body 10 is secured to the pipe end 9 and receives a cleaning body formed as a brush 11. The brush 11 is captured by a medium being guided through the pipe 2 depending on the flowing direction of cooling water, for example, and carried through respective pipe. Consequently, it is carried from one pipe end 9 to the other. The brush 11 is received, at the pipe end 9, by the body 10 provided thereat depending on the carrying direction and floated in the body 10 by means of the medium.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is a device for improving the quality of tubular heat exchangers such as surface condensers, the heat exchanger having pipes through which a medium flows. A cleaning body, in particular a brush, is attached to each pipe to continuously clean the inner surface of the pipe, and the cleaning body is conveyed through the pipe by the medium depending on the flow direction of the medium, and the cleaning body is attached to the end of the pipe. The cleaning body can be captured by a cage-shaped capture body provided at the end, and the cage-shaped capture body has a coupling body for coupling with the end of the pipe at one end, and a cage-shaped capture body at the other end. It has a restraining means for limiting the conveyance path of the cleaning body inside the body, and the coupling body and the restraining means are each provided on one annular collar, and the annular collar is provided.

An annular collar carrying a restraining means is coupled to each other via at least three struts arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the cage-like catcher and forming the cage-like catcher in an annular shape. The present invention relates to a device arranged obliquely relative to a central longitudinal axis, the inclination position of which is determined by the length of the strut.

[Conventional technology and problems]

When operating heat engines, such as condensing turbines with connected heat exchangers or condensers, it is known that the quality of such heat engines depends on the degree of vacuum created. This vacuum is determined by, among a series of other factors, how contaminated the refrigerant or water side of the cooling pipes of the heat exchanger are.

In order to improve the quality of heat engines, various devices are known for cleaning cooling pipes. It is also known to insert a brush into the pipe to be cleaned. A cleaning method in which a brush is inserted into the pipe to be cleaned is more effective than other methods, but in this case the brush is entrained by the flow of medium flowing through the cooling pipe from one end to the other. Cleaning the cooling pipes manually with a brush or with chemicals requires the heat exchanger to be shut down, whereas cleaning the cooling pipes with a ball or brush allows cleaning with the heat exchanger running. can do. like this.

In the method of cleaning cooling pipes using brushes entrained by a refrigerant, the direction of flow of the refrigerant is reversed at predetermined time intervals, so that the brushes move from one end of the pipe to the other. This reciprocating movement of the brushes causes each pipe to be cleaned very intensively by its associated brush. On the other hand, when balls are used as cleaning bodies for cleaning cooling pipes, there are cases where the balls are stuck in a certain position of the cooling pipe due to leakage, etc., or when some balls are caused by the flow of refrigerant. Cleaning with zero balls, which often proves to be problematic when the ball moves through the same pipe and does not pass through other pipes, is also caused by balls stuck inside the cooling pipes. The pipe becomes clogged and not cleaned properly, or the ball rubs against the pipe so much that the pipe is over-cleaned, which significantly increases the flow resistance of the pipe. Therefore, a desired vacuum cannot be expected.If the flow resistance increases, the amount of energy used (for example, the energy of the pump) increases, and the amount of refrigerant used also increases. In this case, the heat engine and its efficiency may be adversely affected. Moreover, the cleaning methods mentioned above, namely manual cleaning, cleaning with chemicals, and cleaning with balls, have a high material loss (1 k per tooth per year on cooling surfaces).
g/m”).

Therefore, it places a heavy burden on the refrigerant and, by extension, on the environment.

In particular, in order to eliminate the disadvantages of manual cleaning and cleaning with balls, a cleaning device according to German Patent No. 1 138 800 uses the above-mentioned brushes as cleaning bodies in a coolant stream. For this brush, a cage-like trap is provided at each end of each cooling pipe. The brush moves within this cage-like trap due to the flow of refrigerant. The brushes remain in the cage trap until the flow of refrigerant is reversed by the switching valve, so that the brushes pass from the cage trap at one end into the cooling pipe and into the other basket at the other end. It reaches the captured body.

The switching time can be adjusted individually and can be longer or shorter, but it depends to a large extent on the degree of contamination of the refrigerant or the cooling pipes. The brush has a clamp body for the bristles and two caps defining the ends of the clamp body. The two caps are of flow-friendly design and are advantageously spherical. Each cap has a shape such that at its base on the side of the clamp body it has a smaller diameter than the inner tube, so that an annular slit is formed between this base and the inner tube of the cooling pipe. . A portion of the refrigerant flows through this annular slit, so that when the brush bristles come into contact with the walls to be cleaned of the individual cooling pipes, the walls are not only sufficiently moistened, but also the refrigerant flowing along the annular slits. It carries away impurities that are scraped away by the brush bristles, thus causing them to be carried away before the brush. This prevents the brush from hitting the scraped impurities.

This known device for cleaning the cooling pipes of heat exchangers such as tubular condensers is thus excellent, as there is no need to push the impurities as in the case of cleaning with bulbs, but it also increases the flow resistance. Otherwise, the efficiency of the heat exchanger cannot be improved, and therefore the vacuum cannot be improved, nor can the removal of the brushes and the internal inspection of the pipes be facilitated.

According to DE 34 22 353 A1, a cage-like catcher is known for receiving brushes which are conveyed through respective cooling pipes. In this cage-shaped capture body, the flow resistance of the refrigerant.

In particular, in order to reduce the flow resistance during drainage, the annular collar provided at the protruding end of the cage-like catcher is arranged to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the cage-like catcher. This inclined arrangement alone makes it possible to considerably reduce the drainage resistance, with a reduction in the flow resistance of up to about 20% depending on the diameter of the pipe and the flow velocity of the coolant in the pipe. This reduction in flow resistance also allows the pipe to be installed narrower at the bottom of the pipe without fully utilizing the reduced flow resistance, which reduces the heat exchanger diameter by about 7% to 1% for the same outer diameter.
A heat exchanger can be equipped with more 5% pipes.

The brushes, which reach the cage cage after flowing through the pipe, are stopped by a stopper mounted on the outer annular collar, so that they remain in the cage cage until the flow through the pipe. The stopper, which is directed from the inner cylinder of the annular collar toward the center, protrudes into the cage-like catcher enough to catch the cap, in order to stop the brush cap at the exit from the cage-like catcher. Although this stopper satisfies the stopping function, it has the disadvantage that it obstructs brush replacement and obstructs internal inspection of the pipe. In some cases, it may be necessary to remove the cage-shaped capture body from the bottom of the pipe for internal inspection and then reinstall it on the pipe after the inspection. This significantly increases the cost of pipe inspection.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

It is an object of the present invention to improve a device for improving the quality of heat exchangers and condensers in the following way: the cage-shaped trap has a particularly low flow resistance when the refrigerant is discharged; The purpose is to prevent large suspended substances from entering the pipe through the body, and to improve the brush so that it is extremely easy to replace and does not interfere with the internal inspection of the pipe.

[Means and Effects for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides that the restraining means (stopper) is formed of a locking body, and that the locking body is formed of an annular flange that is inclined. It is characterized in that the position can be fixed in a force-restricted manner and/or a shape-restricted manner.

This method not only solves the above problems, but also
Other advantages are also obtained; for example, cage-shaped capture bodies can be manufactured using very simple tools. This is because there is no need for undercuts which would make the manufacturing process significantly more expensive. Another advantage is that the stopper detains relatively large impurities before they enter the pipe, resulting in mats that repeatedly form in front of the cage (e.g. grass, leaves, floating objects, small fish, etc.). (consisting of shellfish, etc.) can be flushed from the icebox during the next cleaning cycle, ie, when refrigerant flow is reversed.

This is very important because these types of impurities cannot reach into the pipes, and it takes a lot of energy to transport them through the pipes, not to mention that these impurities do not get stuck in the pipes. This is because there is no need. In addition, the impurities are trapped in the trap cage and the matte that forms there does not reach the pipes, since the matte is discharged from the icebox of the heat exchanger before proceeding. As a result, the matte is already melted and removed from the icebox as soon as it is generated, so that the matte does not affect the flow resistance until later, as in the case of conventional pipe cleaning.

〔Example〕

Next, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The heat exchanger 1 or condenser comprises a number of pipes 2. The ends of these pipes 2 are pushed into the vibrator bottom 3 or fixed there in some way. These pipes 2 have a medium flowing through them via supply pipes 4 and discharge pipes 5.

For example, cooling water is supplied. The supply pipe 4 and the discharge pipe 5 are connected to a special conduit system outside the heat exchanger 1. This conduit system causes the cooling water guided through the pipes 2 to flow intermittently and to change its flow direction. In order to change the direction of flow of the cooling water, it is advantageous to provide a control mechanism in the form of a four-way valve 6. This control mechanism, depending on its adjustment position (H or In this position, the flow is deflected, so that the cooling water flows through the pipes 2 alternately, ie the direction of flow alternates. substrate of heat exchanger 1,
That is, the individual pipes 2 fixed to the pipe bottom 3 are
A cage-shaped capture body 10 is provided at the pipe end 9. These cage-shaped capture bodies 10 are fastened to the pipe ends 9 and receive cleaning bodies, for example designed as brushes 11.

The brush 11 consists of a bracing line 12 for embedding the bristles of the brush 11 and two caps 13 at the ends of this bracing line 12. Depending on the direction of flow, the water is captured by this medium and transported through the respective pipe, and thus from one pipe end 9 to the other.

Depending on its direction of conveyance, the brush 11 is received at the pipe end 9 by a cage-like catch 10 provided there;
At this time, the brush 11 is moved by the medium to this cage-shaped capture body 10.
Floating inside. When the flow direction of the medium is reversed by means of the four-way valve 6, the brush 11 is conveyed out of the cage-shaped catch 10, in which it was received during its rest phase, to the other pipe end 9, and is transported to the other pipe end 9. 9 is newly received by a cage-shaped catcher 10 attached to the cage 9. The resting time of the brush 11 within each cage-like catcher 10 is determined by an interval circuit 14. The interval circuit 14 determines the rest time depending on the degree of contamination of the cooling water and the flow direction. This rest time therefore ends when the flow direction of the medium is reversed.

In order to reduce the flow resistance of the medium through the individual pipes 2 and thus the energy requirements of the pumps conveying the medium, it is advantageous to make the discharge cross-section of each cage-like catcher 10 as small as possible. It is. This is achieved by tilting the protruding annular collar 15 with respect to the longitudinal central axis X of the cage-like catcher 10. The inclination of the annular collar 15 is selected so that it intersects with the longitudinal central axis X at approximately 30°.

Each cage-like catcher 10 has a protruding annular collar 15 so that each cleaning member (in this case, the brush 11) can be stopped within the cage-like catcher 10 after passing through the pipe 2. restraining means.

For example, a stopper 16 is provided. This stop 16 can be designed as a wheel-like disk or as a double-armed lever-like transverse support.

It can be configured like a locking body.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the stop 16 has a wheel-like or disk-like structure.

The stopper 16 includes an oval outer shell 17 and a brush 11.
It has two pillars 19 carrying an abutting table 18. The annular collar 15 is provided with a recess 20 so that the stopper 16 can be attached to the annular collar 15.

The knot 21 of the stopper 16 engages with the recess 20 in a shape-restricting manner. The knot 21 is connected to the outer shell 1 of the stopper 16.
7, and a head 23 connected to the neck 22. The stopper 16 is inserted into the recess 20 of the annular collar 15 by the neck 22, and by rotating the stopper 16 clockwise, the neck 22 is fixed in the recess 20 in a bayonet shape.

More precisely, the head 23 fixed to the neck 22 has an annular shape, with the neck 22 engaging under the protrusion 24 of the recess 20 and thereby locking in a form-restricting manner in the recess 25 located behind it. A hard substance (stone, stick, etc.) protruding from the recess 25 on the outside of the flange 15 and carried along with the medium hits the stopper 16 and the stopper 16 closes to the cage-shaped capture body 1.
I'm trying not to fall into zero. By inclining the annular flange 15 with respect to the longitudinal center axis X, the opening of the annular flange 15 is similarly formed into an elliptical shape, and as a result, the stopper 16 can rotate by itself after being locked to the annular flange 15. Therefore, the stopper 1 in the annular collar 15
6 can be maintained accurately. When inserting the stopper 16 into the annular collar 15, the annular collar 15 is slightly compressed at its longest portion 26, and then the neck portion 22 is compressed slightly.
is pressed into the recess 20, and the stopper 16 is rotated clockwise until the neck 22 is locked in the recess 25 behind the protrusion 24. A tool such as tapered pliers can be used to insert the stopper 16 and rotate it by the annular collar 15 in this manner. The tool engages between the posts 19 and guides the stop 16 through one rotation. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, an abutting base 18 is connected to a support 19 that connects the outer shell 17 of the stopper 16 in the radial direction. Since the stopper 16 follows the inclined position of the annular collar 15, when the brush 11 is stopped, the cap 13 of the brush 11, and therefore the brush 11, is attached to the cage-shaped catcher 1o.
In order to hold the abutment 18 on the longitudinal center axis X, it is advantageous to form the abutment 18 wedge-shaped.

Both the cage-like trap 10 and the stopper 16 are made of plastic. In particular, therefore, the stop 16 is designed as one integral injection-molded part. This plastic structure reaches a temperature range of approximately 180°C. When this cleaning system is used in a higher temperature range, it is a prerequisite that the cage-shaped trap 10 and the stopper 16, including the brush 11, are made of metal. The structure is the same even when it is made of metal.

Whether it is made of plastic or metal, it is important to form the stopper 16 with as thin a wall as possible so as not to lose the small flow resistance obtained by tilting the annular collar 15. be. In the drawings, the stopper 16 is shown to have a relatively thick cross section at the outer shell portion 17, the strut 19, and the abutting base 18, but this is for illustration purposes; in reality, these cross sections are relatively thick. The surface is extremely thin, only thick enough to withstand mechanical loads.

Various experiments have shown that it is very advantageous to use a cage-like trap 10 with such a stopper 16. This is because the stopper 16 also contributes to preventing large impurities from entering the pipe 2.

This also prevents large impurities, such as gravel, grass, wood chips, or small fish, from getting into the pipes and clogging and damaging them.

The cage-shaped catcher 10 and stopper 16 according to other embodiments shown in FIGS. 15 is formed without a notch 20, and the stopper 16 is formed in a curved manner and is frictionally engaged with the annular collar 15 by a collar 27 provided at the end thereof. The collar 27 is attached to the stopper 27 in the following manner, that is, the collar 27 grips the annular collar 15 from above and below at one end of the stopper 16, and also grips the web 28 of the cage-shaped capture body 10 from the side. On the other hand, the collar 27 engages under the annular collar 15 at the other end of the stopper 16, grips the annular collar 15, and is attached so as to similarly surround the web 28 of the cage-like catcher 10. In addition to the collar 27, the stopper 16 includes a protrusion 29 above the collar 27 that engages with the annular collar 15.

The protrusion 29 is used to grasp the collar 27 and insert it into the annular collar 25 when the stopper 16 is inserted and separated. In this embodiment of the stopper 16, the curved portion 30
It is constructed so that the flow resistance is as small as possible by forming it into a thin wall.

In order to illustrate the locked state of the end face side of the collar 27, in the stopper 16 illustrated in FIGS. Indicated by a chain line.

In order to limit the path of the brush 11, the stopper 16 of this embodiment is also provided with an abutting table 18.
The cap 13 of the brush 11 provided in the cage-shaped capture body 10 abuts on the top of the brush 11 .

As in the first embodiment, this stop 16 can also be manufactured from plastic (for example nylon) or metal, in particular spring steel.

The choice of material depends on the intended use and/or the temperature range and can be determined depending on the situation at the time.

In this embodiment, cooling water (seawater, river water, etc.) is assumed as the medium guided through the pipe 2.

When using the device according to the invention in other fields.

For example, when used in the hot gas field such as flue gas desulfurization or in refining, the temperature of the medium exceeds the limit temperature of plastics (currently 180°C), so the cage-like capture body 10 and the stopper 16 are The brush 11 and the cap 13
As a result of various experiments, it was found that the metallic brush 11 was also carried along by the medium passing through the pipe 2, resulting in intensive cleaning of the pipe even in a high temperature range. did. Conventionally, the surface of the pipe 2 hardens rapidly in the high temperature range, so after the device has been put out of operation, it has often had to be cleaned only by hand (usually by drilling holes). , was extremely troublesome.

The stopper 16 for the cage trap 10 as described and illustrated herein is not only easily attached to the cage trap 10 but also permanently affixed to the cage trap 10; The stopper 16 flew off during operation,
Especially when there is no risk of damaging the pump, when replacing worn brushes or when inspecting pipe 2 (
For example, the stopper 16 can be easily spaced apart for a family celebration test.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be listed.

(1) The restraining means (stopper 16) is formed in the shape of an axle, and has an abutment base (18) at its center for restraining the cleaning body (brush 11).

and at least three supporting members (
21) and recesses (29, 21) for these support members.
25) are provided on the annular collar (15), and these recesses (2
9, 25), the supporting member (21) is locked in a bayonet shape and shape-restricted manner, and the abutting table (1
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that 8) is irremovably connected to the outer shell (17) of the locking body (16) via a grid (posts 19).

(2) The outer shell (17) of the locking body (stopper 16) is formed into a disk shape, and the annular collar (15) is inclined, so that the locking body has an elliptical base surface. It is characterized by The device according to item 1 above.

(3) characterized in that the support member is formed as a tubercle, which tubercle consists of a neck (22) and a thick head (23) provided at the free end of the neck (22); The device according to item 1 above.

(4) The locking body (stopper 16) is formed in a curved manner,
It has an abutment base (18) in its center for holding the cleaning body (brush 11), and this abutment base (18) has an arm with a claw (curved body 30) directed in the opposite direction. ) are connected, and each of the claw arms is provided at its free end with a locking member (claw 27) for locking the brush with the annular collar (15).
The device described in.

(5) The locking member is formed as a claw (27) at the end of one arm with a claw (curved body 30), and the claw (27) is locked to the claw of the annular collar (15) from above and below in a force-restrictive manner. It is possible that the locking element is formed at the end of the other claw arm (curved body 30) as a force-restrictive support that engages under the claw and can be inserted into the other claw. It is characterized by being formed as a shape-restricted bottle. The device according to item 4 above.

(6) The locking body (stopper 16) is characterized in that it has a protrusion (29) in the region of the pin for applying the extraction tool. The device according to item 5 above.

7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (stop 16) is made of plastic and is constructed as an injection molded part.

(8) The annular collar (15) has at least four webs (28
), the two opposing webs are formed wider than the other webs, and the locking body (
The stopper 16) uses these wide webs to connect the annular tsuba (
15).
Equipment described in Section.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a heat exchanger with a pipe connected to the bottom of the pipe and a cage-shaped capture body inserted into the end of the pipe, and Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger with a pipe connected to the bottom of the pipe, and a cage-shaped capture body inserted into the end of the pipe. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view showing the cage-shaped trap for the disk-shaped stopper in the inserted state; FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cage-shaped trap in FIG. Fig. 4 is a side view of the stopper with the annular flange indicated by a dashed line, Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the disc-shaped stopper before it is latched to the annular flange, and Fig. 6 is a stopper latched with the annular flange. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the annular flange with a recessed portion for holding the flange, and FIG. 7 is a plan view of the cage-shaped capture body with the stopper shown in solid lines and the cage-shaped capture body shown in dashed-dotted lines; FIG. 9 is a side view of the stopper with the annular collar shown in dashed-dotted lines; An end view of the stopper as seen in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 9, and Fig. 11 is a view in the direction of the arrow B in Fig. 9.
FIG. 3 is a rear view of the stopper as seen in FIG. 1... Heat exchanger 2... Pipes 10 ・ 11 ・ 15 ・ 16 ・ Cage-shaped catcher brush Annular collar stopper

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A device for improving the quality of a tubular heat exchanger such as a surface condenser, wherein the heat exchanger has pipes through which a medium flows, and the inner surface of the pipe is continuously cleaned in each pipe. A cleaning body, in particular a brush, is attached, the cleaning body is conveyed through the pipe by the medium depending on the flow direction of the medium, and the cleaning body is captured at the end of the pipe by a cage-like capture body provided at this end. It is possible, and the cage-shaped capture body has a coupling body for coupling with the end of the pipe at one end, and a stop at the other end for limiting the conveyance path of the cleaning body inside the cage-shaped capture body. the coupling body and the restraining means are each provided on one annular collar, and the annular collar is arranged concentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the cage-shaped capture body to form the cage-shaped capture body in an annular shape. An annular collar carrying a restraining means is arranged obliquely relative to the longitudinal central axis, the position of the inclination being determined by the length of the strut. In the device, the stopping means (stopper 16) is formed by a stopping body, and the stopping body is formed by an slanted annular collar (16).
5) A device characterized in that the position can be fixed in a force-restricted manner and/or a shape-restricted manner.