JPH02137306A - Pressure welding junction terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain metallic junction without loss of electric characteristics at the terminal junction of enamel-coated conductor coil by disposing phosphorus-contained brazing material at the conductor junction face side of a metallic terminal. CONSTITUTION:An insulator coating of an insulator-coated copper wire is removed in the presence of a brazing material to be melted simultaneously when the coating of the copper wire is carbonized near a junction, and metallic junction is performed by moistening and reacting with the copper wire exposed on its clean face. The metallic junction is performed simultaneously upon peeling of the coating 4 in combination of a copper terminal 1 disposed on the junction face and a H-type coated copper coil (AIW: amide.imide) by cladding or flame spraying a brazing material 2 previously mixed with phosphorus at the carbonizing temperature (or peeling temperature) of the AIW copper coil. Thus, the metallic junction is achieved to obtain a conductor having high reliability, high junction strength and heat resistance, and simultaneously connected as with the insulator coating.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] C. Industrial Field of Application] The present invention can be used to connect terminals of bare conductor coils and enamel-coated conductor coils, without any FFI characteristic.
The present invention also relates to a pressure welding joint terminal suitable for obtaining metallic joints.

[Conventional technology]

As a method for connecting an insulated copper coil or a bare copper coil to a conductor terminal, a thermocompression bonding method is used, as shown in Japanese Patent Publications No. 50-18940 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-28355. Insulated steel coils cannot be directly energized even in the current heating method. Therefore, by inserting an electric wire into the U-shaped groove of a pre-formed conductor terminal, sandwiching it between the upper and lower electrodes and applying pressure to flow current through the electrodes, the U-shaped terminal generates heat, which carbonizes the insulation coating. It is connected to a copper coil. In other words, since a resistance welding machine is used, the current application time is short and it is difficult to form a metallic bond. Further, even with bare copper coils, metallic bonding was impossible because they were directly connected to conductor terminals. For this reason, the connection uses caulking using pressurizing force to supplement the connection strength. Since this type of mechanical caulking connection is used, there is a drawback that the electrical characteristics deteriorate significantly during long-term use due to loosening of the terminals due to heat cycles, vibrations, etc.

Therefore, as a method for performing metallic bonding, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-19
No. 9575 is proposed. This is a method and a base material for connecting to an enamel coating by arranging a joining conductor layer or a low-temperature melting layer at the joining part of a riser in order to perform metallic joining. Cu-50%Sn, Cu-70 as a conductor layer for bonding
There is a description that %Zn and Cu-80%Zn are good; however, even if these bonding conductor layers are used, the connection between the enamel coating and the bonding conductor part cannot be achieved sufficiently. It has the drawback that the electrical characteristics of fl deteriorate during long-term use due to the loosening of the connections due to the heat cycle or vibrations mentioned above.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The connection method described in the second half of the above conventional technology was intended for metallic bonding, but the conductor layer for bonding is not optimal and sufficient metallic bonding has not been achieved. There were also problems with physical connection strength and electrical characteristics due to loosening of terminals due to vibration and heat cycles.

In other words, although a conductor layer for bonding was placed, the bonding layer was not sufficiently studied, and the connection between a part of the riser and the enamel coating was insufficient, so the enamel-coated copper wire was pulled out during a simple pull-out test of the enamel coating. There was a problem with it.

Therefore, if there is a brazing filler metal near the joint that melts at the same time as the insulation coating of the insulated copper wire carbonizes, the insulation coating will be removed and the clean surface will wet the exposed copper wire and react with the metal. The present invention focuses on insulated copper coils, which are difficult to connect, as a particularly effective target product, which is considered to achieve the desired bonding. There are many types of electrical equipment insulation, from 7 types of low temperature (maximum allowable temperature 90'C) to A, E, B, F, H and type C of high temperature (maximum allowable temperature exceeding 180°C). It is difficult to join the H and 0 type coatings, which have high heat resistance.

Therefore, we first investigated various brazing filler metals using H-type coated copper coils (AIW nearamide/imide type).
It was discovered that P-containing brazing filler metal is most suitable.

That is, the present invention is adjusted to the carbonization temperature (or peeling temperature) of AIW. An AIW copper coil is combined with a copper terminal in which a P-containing brazing filler metal is clad or thermally sprayed on the bonding surface, and the insulating coating is peeled off and metal bonding is performed at the same time.

The purpose of the present invention is to achieve metallic bonding by using a copper terminal for press-fitting in which P-containing brazing filler metal is placed in advance, to become a highly reliable conductor, and to have high bonding strength and heat resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pressure welding joining terminal that can be joined all at once with the insulation covering intact.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention relates to a metal terminal for electrically connecting conductors to each other, and the metal terminal is a pressure welding joining terminal in which a phosphorous-containing brazing material is disposed on the conductor joining surface side.

In addition to phosphorus, 8 pieces of Ag are used as phosphorus-containing brazing filler metal.

It is preferable that one or more of Cu, Zn, and Ni is contained. Further, the base metal of the joining terminal is selected from metal materials such as copper, brass, bronze, cupronickel, nickel silver, etc., and copper-based alloys because they do not crush the insulated copper coil too much.

The placement of the brazing material on these joint surfaces is selected from the cladding method, thermal spraying method, ion implantation method, etc., and the thickness of the brazing material is 2.
It is preferable to set it in the range of 0 to 100 μm.

In addition, the shape of the connecting terminal is a general plate or rod shape.

A highly reliable joint can be obtained by applying U, W, and S shapes and melting and brazing the filler metal using Tsu'sha resistance heating, which has excellent workability. A particularly effective material to be bonded is an insulated copper coil, which can be metallically bonded to the bonding terminal of the present invention without removing the coating, thereby achieving the present invention.

[Effect]

The pressure welding joining terminal of the present invention is characterized in that a P-containing brazing filler metal is disposed therein, and the material to be joined is an insulated copper coil.

Among these, AIW, which is considered difficult to bond, was studied. AIE has high heat resistance and therefore is very stable materially, so high energy is required to destroy it. To apply the AIW steel layer, first
It was necessary to know the characteristics of IW, and the carbonization temperature was investigated and found to be approximately 60°C.

From this result, it can be said that the brazing filler metal has a melting temperature of around 600° C., that is, a brazing filler metal to which a melting temperature of approximately 500 to 750° C. can be applied. The brazing filler metals corresponding to these are JIS BA
g-1,2 (Ag, Cu, Zn.

Cd-containing), BAg-7 (Ag, Cu, Zn.

There are Ag brazes such as Sn-containing), but they are brazed using flux in combination with the ship, and even if flux is used, flux evaporates easily, so it is not enough to achieve the effect. It is not possible to obtain the desired joint strength.

Also, Cu-50%Sn and C which have a melting temperature of 700℃
U-80% Zn brazing filler metals have also been proposed, but like the above-mentioned silver soldering filler metals, it is necessary to use flux, and satisfactory bonding strength cannot be obtained.

Therefore, we focused on a P-containing brazing filler metal that has excellent wettability even without the use of flux. P is added to the brazing material, and as the P solder melts, it combines with oxygen in the oxide film on the joining surfaces of the materials to be joined to form phosphides. This action cleans the surface of the materials to be joined and significantly improves the wettability of the brazing filler metal. JIS BCuP-1~2 (contains P, Cu) and BCuP-3~5 (contains P, Ag, Cu) correspond to P-containing brazing filler metals with a melting point of 500°C to 750°C, and 500' In the vicinity of C, low melting point phosphorous copper solder (P +
(A g rSn, Cu-containing). Among these components, Ag and Sn have the effect of adjusting the melting point of the brazing material and the effect of making the structure of the brazing material fine, and exhibit characteristics as a brazing material.

That is, the composition range of P-containing brazing filler metal is 3 to 8% P, 1
Basically 3 to 17% Ag and the remainder Cu, but also 8 to 15% Sn and 2 to 8% Zn.

Those containing 1 to 3% Ni can also be applied. The reason for these composition ranges is that the P-containing brazing filler metal has a melting point of 500 to 750.
'C within the range and self-solubility due to P (
The flux must be within a range that exhibits a flux effect. Needless to say, consistency with the carbonization temperature of the enamel coating material is also taken into consideration.

On the other hand, the material of the joining terminal is preferably a copper-based material, and it is necessary that the material does not crack when heated to a high temperature. When it is desired to join insulated copper coils such as AIW, copper alloy terminals such as brass terminals are more suitable for joining by electrical resistance heating than pure copper terminals.

For example, various methods can be considered for arranging P-containing brazing filler metal in a brass joint terminal. In the thermal spraying method, P-containing powder solder is plasma-sprayed onto the joining surface of brass plates to form a 30 to 60 μm deposit. Adhesion is better in a vacuum atmosphere.

In addition, in the cladding method, a P-containing brazing foil is aligned with the joint surface of a brass plate and rolled to form a brazing thickness of 20 to 100 μm.

In this case, good brazing can be achieved with a clad ratio of about 4 to 10%. Various thicknesses can be used for the joining terminal (for example, a brass plate), but it is usually preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 mm. P
Cladding processing of filled brazing filler metal is difficult compared to the JIS BAg brazing described above. Therefore, the solder is softened in advance, given sufficient workability, and rolled to form a clad plate.

In addition, in the ion implantation method, a bonding terminal and a P-containing brazing material are placed in a vacuum chamber, and a brazing material containing ionized Ar gas is injected.

This is a plate-shaped terminal with solder placed on the joint surface.

U for use as a bonding terminal unless used as is.

Processing is performed into a W or S shape, etc., in order to facilitate joining of the insulated steel coil.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing a joining terminal of the present invention will be explained.

This is basically a bonding terminal in which P-containing brazing filler metal is arranged, and the manufacturing method before processing the terminal will be described.

<Example 1> JI describes the manufacturing method using the cladding method for the material of the bonding terminal.
S standard B s P2.62.0-68%Cu.

Remaining Zn and BsPg, 59.0-62.0% Cu,
Plate material with residual Zn: 60w x 2000Q
%Ag, remaining Cu, foil material with melting point of about 700℃ (60wx20
00Qxo, 2t) were bonded together after cleaning their respective mating surfaces, and then fixed by partial spot welding to prevent the mating surfaces from shifting.

Since the degree of processing in the cold section was small, heat treatment was performed in an inert gas at about 450° C., and clad processing was performed using a cold rolling mill. Before starting the second processing, the above-mentioned heat treatment and cladding process using a cold rolling mill were repeated twice.

After that, the cladding could be processed without any heat treatment and without cracking even when it was cold. and the desired 0.8~
A brass plate clad with 0.9 t of P-containing brazing filler metal was produced. The thickness of the brazing material at that time was 50 to 70 μm.

<Example 2> A manufacturing method using a thermal spraying method will be described. The same BsP material (brass material) used for the cladding for the bonding terminal, 59.0 ~
68.0% Cu, balance Zn plate material: 500 holes xo, at joint surface, P-containing brazing filler metal, 4.8-5.3% P, 14.
0-16.0% Ag, residual Cu, melting point approximately 700°C particle size 2
00 mesh powder, and Sn-containing phosphorous copper solder, 3.0
~4.0%P, 8.0~10.0%Sn, 14.0~
16.0% Ag, residual Cu, melting point approximately 600°C particle size, 20
0 mesh powder was used for plasma spraying in an atmosphere of 50 torr under reduced pressure. The thickness of the brazing metal at that time is 4
The thickness was set to 0 to 80 μm.

<Example 3> A manufacturing method using ion implantation method will be described. The same BsP material (brass material) used in the melting method for the material of the joining terminal, 59.
0 to 68.0% Cu, residual Cu plate material: 100 xo, s
P-containing brazing filler metal, 4.8-5.3% P, on the joint surface of t.
14.0-16.0% Ag, residual Cu under reduced pressure, 1o-8
The brazing material was implanted by ion spraying in an atmosphere of ~'torr. The thickness of the brazing material at that time was set to several μm.

Comparative Example 1> BsPs material (brass material) for the material of the bonding terminal, 59.0~
BAg-7 (
56%Ag+22%Cu, 17%Zn.

5.0% Sn) foil (50 μm) was used.

Comparative Example 2〉 Pure steel is used as the material of the bonding terminal, and Cu-50 is applied to the bonding surface.
%Sn foil (fabricated by rapid cooling of molten metal; approximately 40 μm thick)
was used.

The bonding plate prepared in the above example, in which the P-containing brazing filler metal was arranged on the bonding surface, was first processed into a bonding terminal.

Figure 1 shows a cross section of a basic terminal, Figure 2 shows various types of bonding terminals, Figure 3 shows a type of bonding terminal combined with an enamel-covered i-wire, and Figure 4 shows the connection of lead terminals for stator products. The connected terminals are shown respectively.

Next, the basic U-shaped bonding terminal shown in FIG. 1 was combined with the enamel-coated copper wire (AIW wire, φ1.4×2 wires) of the conductor coil, and bonded using a current-carrying resistance heating device. The joining process will be described below. Using a current-carrying resistance heating device that clamps and temporarily fixes the AIW to the joint surface of the U-shaped terminal, the covering material is first carbonized by two-step heating and pressurization, and at the same time, the brazing material is preheated. In this case, the test is carried out by applying a 1.39 kA pressurizing load of 35 kg to the M ail pole and applying current for 0.7 seconds.

Next, the carbide is removed by two-stage heating and pressurization, and at the same time, brazing is performed to form a metallic joint.9 In that case.

This is achieved by applying a 1.85 kA pressurized load of 40 kg to the M o fl pole and applying current for 0.2 seconds. Also, in Comparative Examples 1 and 2, each brazing filler metal was arranged as shown in Fig. 1, and as shown in Fig. 3,
．． Combined with 4x2, it's 11 times! Bonding was performed using a resistance heating device.

A tensile test was conducted on the joined pieces to examine the strength of the joint. In the tensile test, the upper wire protruding from the terminal had a constriction effect, so it was cut. As a result, it is not a P-containing brazing filler metal.

That is, BAg-47 brazing filler metal and Cu-50%1>v In the case of the Sn wire, the enamel-coated wire came off from the joint.

In other words, it showed an insufficient value in terms of strength. On the other hand, the bonded body using the bonding terminal of the present invention breaks from the enamel-coated wire, even in the case of the chair T terminal of the embodiment.
The joints were sound and showed high joint strength.

In addition, when we observed the bonding condition of the joint using a microscope, we found that the comparison terminal had many black lines with poor bonding at the bonding interface between the terminal and the wire, and few brazed areas. I think this is the cause of the decline. On the other hand, in all of the products of the present invention, there is several μm of brazing material at the bonding interface,
It was observed that the terminal and the wire were metallically joined via the brazing material.

It was also found that this state exhibits a stable value with extremely low electrical resistance. In addition, regarding the lead terminal connection method of the stator product shown in Figure 4, please refer to the current-carrying resistance heating device! (Mo electrode material) allows current of 1.4 kA in one stage.
, pressurizing force 35 kgf, energizing time 0.7 g, energizing current 1.8 kA in the second stage, pressurizing force 40 kgf, energizing time 0.23
It was joined with As a result, the steel material and the brass terminal were well brazed by the P-containing brazing filler metal of the cladding.

Other bonding terminals include copper, bronze, cypronickel,
For nickel silver cladding with P-containing silver solder and enamel coating, grade Y with low heat resistance to C with high heat resistance.
When different types were combined and bonded, metallic bonding was obtained in all cases.

Naturally, the bonding terminal of the present invention can also be applied to those whose enamel coating has been removed or those which have not been originally coated.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, a joining terminal on which a brazing material has been placed in advance can be installed and joined to the electrical conductor wire Hiji wire.

Since a metallic bond can be obtained at the joint, the joint strength is excellent. It shows a low electrical resistance value and can be used for a long period of time.
It can be stably used as a conductor.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a joining terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of various joining terminals in which a brazing material is arranged on the joining surface,
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an enamelled copper wire bonded to a stator lead using a bonding terminal, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an enamelled copper wire bonded to a stator lead using a bonding terminal of the present invention. 1・
...Joining terminal, 2...Brazing metal, 3...Enamel coated copper wire, 4...Enamel coating, 5...Copper wire, 6...
rolled core. Nome 10 2nd (ku) Cb) (C) (j) 3rd

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In the metal terminal for electrically connecting conductors to each other, the metal terminal is a pressure welding joining terminal in which a phosphorous-containing brazing material is arranged on the conductor joining surface side. 2. The phosphorus-containing brazing filler metal contains Ag, Sn, and C in addition to the phosphorus.
The pressure welding joining terminal according to claim 1, which contains one or more of u, Zn, and Ni. 3. 2. The pressure welding connection terminal according to claim 1, wherein the base metal of the connection terminal is selected from metal materials such as copper, brass, bronze, copper such as Cypronickel, nickel silver, and copper-based alloys. 4. The placement of the brazing material on the joint surface side is selected from the cladding method, thermal spraying method, ion implantation method, etc., and the thickness of the brazing material is 20 to 1.
The pressure welding joining terminal according to claim 1, wherein the pressure welding terminal is in the range of 00 μm. 5. The shape of the joining terminal is plate-like, rod-like, U, W, and S.
The pressure welding joining terminal according to claim 1, which is selected based on its shape. 6. The pressure welding joining terminal according to claim 1, wherein the pressure welding joining terminal is used for joining an insulated copper coil.