JPH02136734A - Dust contamination promotion testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply execute a model experiment in a short period by allowing a vane-wheel to pump up suspension water of a prescribed quantity from a suspension water storage tank, and pouring it onto the surface of a sample. CONSTITUTION:The testing machine is provided with a rotary shaft 2 for passing horizontally through the center part of a test tank, and in its periphery, an A axis vane provided with a sample 5 and a suspension water collector 4, and a B axis vane having a partition plate 6 rotate in the vertical surface centering around the rotary shaft. A vane-wheel of this A axis consists of a pair of upper and lower ones, a sample fitting frame 3, and the collector 4 on its outside are attached, the collector 4 pumps up suspension water of a storage tank 7 by a rotation of the vane-wheel, and when it further rotates and a water level in the collector 4 comes to a position being higher than the sample 5, the suspension water flows out of the collector 4 and is poured down onto the surface of the sample. Also, both vanes of the B axis vane-wheel become two pieces of partition plates 6 by which a plane formed by the rotary shaft 2 and a supporting axis B is inscribed to an inner wall of a test tank 1. In this state, when the vane-wheel makes one rotation, it stops for a prescribed time, and from a hot air feed-in port 9, hot air is fed in and exhausted to the outside of the tank from an exhaust port 10.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] Houses, which are used while being exposed to the outdoors for a long period of time.
Test equipment for investigating and researching the contamination, deterioration, durability, etc. of buildings, bridges, tunnels, towers, vehicles, ships, etc., and the various ashes used in their construction and production.

[Prior Art] The durability of buildings, structures, etc. that are exposed outdoors for long periods of time has been tested for a long time, primarily by examining the deterioration of the materials used to build and construct them.・Measurements and improvements have been made. Until now, factors such as ultraviolet rays, acid rain, salt, heat, dew condensation, freezing, and polluted air have been cited as factors for this deterioration. Recently, fine particulate matter such as dust that exists in the air outside of these has particularly damaged the appearance of buildings, and if these dusts adhere for a long period of time, they can cause secondary corrosion and reduce the durability of buildings. This has become a factor that cannot be ignored for improvement.

Contamination on the surface of a material refers to physical and chemical changes on the surface of the material due to the adhesion of particulate matter such as dust and microorganisms.

This contamination includes a) rectangular contamination seen on the lower walls of protruding objects such as eaves, and b) run-off contamination found on the lower walls of rosette caps or the lower frames of satsushi. The former is the pollution that occurs when dust in the atmosphere comes into contact with the wall surface and is not washed away by rainwater, and the latter is the pollution that occurs when the dust that has settled on the surface flows down and adheres to the wall surface with rainwater. be. In the latter case, following the adhesion of dust, mold and algae multiply and die, resulting in terminal contamination. This contamination is particularly noticeable in concrete and synthetic resin materials.

In the case of synthetic resin materials, black particulate substances such as sulfides and carbon black are more often found in shrine kimonos than in inorganic materials.

Properties of the material that affect this contamination include surface material, roughness, hardness, wetness, etc. An effective measure is to select building surface materials that are resistant to contamination, but an appropriate evaluation test method for this purpose is desired.

For this reason, contamination test benches and the like are actually in use that allow various materials to be exposed outdoors for a long period of time to compare and determine the 11 pj. , the situation is difficult because testing equipment has not been established.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When designing and manufacturing a compact and practical dust contamination acceleration tester, there are the following problems.

(1) Method of attaching dust to the sample surface (2) Rain, wind,
(3) Types of dust (4) Reproducibility of test results (5) Correlation with contamination and deterioration due to outdoor exposure (6) Operability of equipment Among these, especially (1) ( 2) Good reproducibility and easy operation of (5) are considered to be the main objectives of this test device.

[Means and actions for solving the problem] The phenomenon in which the walls of buildings are contaminated with dust in the natural environment is that the dust first comes flying and adheres to the walls, and then the walls become contaminated due to repeated dew condensation and drying. In many cases, rainwater that contains dust and dirt adheres to walls, etc., runs down walls, etc., and what adheres to the walls dries and sticks. In addition, as this adhered dust repeatedly wets and dries over a long period of time, fine particles flow into the gaps between the materials and this constantly retains moisture, which can lead to chemical corrosion caused by gases in the atmosphere or acid rain. In addition, components in the dust can dissolve or elute into rainwater in small amounts, contaminating a wide range of wall surfaces. In order to reproduce conditions close to these natural conditions, water in which dust had been suspended in advance was intermittently poured onto the sample surface. Next, hot air is blown onto the sample surface to dry it and fix the dust to the sample surface. In order to create a condition where dust can enter the gap between the samples, it is sufficient to mount the sample with a gap.

Based on the above concept, the dust contamination acceleration tester according to the present invention is
Suspended water containing a certain amount of prefecture-specific pollutant fine particles suspended in water, which has an impeller equipped with a specimen that rotates vertically around a rotating shaft that passes horizontally through the center of the test tank. The impeller pumps up a certain amount of suspended water from a storage tank, pours it onto the sample surface, and then blows hot air to create a structure in which pollutants and their suspended water repeatedly act on the sample surface. .

Its basic structure is shown in Figure 1.

That is, there is a rotating shaft (2) that passes horizontally through the center of the test chamber, and around it there is a sample (5), an A-ring tool equipped with a turbid water collector (4), and a partition plate (6). B Itb wings are 2
The blade wheels facing each other rotate in a vertical plane around the rotation axis.

Figure 1 shows a state in which the A-axis with the sample attached is vertical. The blade wheels of this A-axis are arranged in an upper and lower pair, and as shown in the figure, a sample mounting frame (3) is attached, a turbid water collector (4) is attached to the outside of the frame, and a turbid water collector (4) is attached to the lower part of the test tank (1). A turbid water storage tank (7) is placed and filled with turbid water. The collector (4) moves to pump up the turbid water in the reservoir 11"1 (7) by the rotation of the impeller, and rotates further until the water level in the collector (4) is higher than the sample (4). Once in position, the suspended water flows out of the collector and is just about to pour down onto the sample surface.

Both blades of the B-blade wheel are two partitions 1M (6) such that the plane formed by the rotating shaft (2) and the support shaft B is inscribed in the inner wall of the test chamber (1), When it is in the position shown in Figure 1, it serves to separate the space inside the test chamber vertically. When the impeller rotates once clockwise from the position shown in Figure 1, it stops for a certain period of time, and warm air is sent in from the hot air inlet (9), passes through the space in the upper half of the test chamber, and exits from the exhaust port (10). Exhausted outside the tank.

The operation of this impeller is shown in Figure 2.

In Figure 2, the number of samples is attached, and the blade with the suspended water collector is designated as A, and the blade with the A--partition plate is designated as B1B''.The position of (a) is the collector of A (4). Suspension water storage tank (
7) Immediately after pumping up turbid water, the entire impeller is rotating clockwise.

At the position (B), the liquid level in the tray of the collector (4) reaches a plate-cup level, but it has not yet spilled out of the pan and passes through the position (B) in that state. At position (c), the liquid overflows and spills out as it is at position 1 of sample (5). It is poured into a portion and flows down the entire surface of the sample. The blade wheel continues to rotate and when it reaches position (d), the rotation of the blade wheel is temporarily stopped. All of the suspended water in the collector flows out, leaving the dish empty, and even after the suspended water has flowed off the surface of sample (5), some of the dust particles remain wet and adhere to the surface of the sample. Most of the suspension flows down the surface and collects in the suspension water storage tank (7) below. Then the hot air fan starts working,
Hot air is blown onto the surface of the sample (5) from the hot air inlet (9). While the impeller is stopped, the blades on the partition plate side divide the space inside the test chamber into upper and lower sections, exactly as shown in Figure 1 (D).
The hot air is exhausted to the outside of the tank from the exhaust hole at one end of the tank while drying the surface of the sample, and this 1 g air is blocked by partition plates B and B- and does not circulate downward. During this time, collect 2 on the opposite side.
'AA' is submerged in a suspension water reservoir, and the dish is filled with suspension water. When the surface of the sample A is dried by hot air, the fine hemorrhoid particles become stuck to the sample surface, and the impeller starts rotating again to repeat the cycle.

In addition, the dust particles that adhered to the surface of sample (5) in condition (d) indicate that the moisture on the surface of test f-'1 has already penetrated around the particles or inside the particles even after they have evaporated and dried. As the temperature rises while some moisture remains, the sample surface changes due to the particles sticking to the surface of the particles themselves and elution of secondary components. Gradually, it becomes semi-permanently contaminated, and the condition closely resembles that in the natural environment.

As a result of these contaminations, the surface of the sample used as a building material not only loses its color and luster, but also in the natural environment, the temperature of the contaminated area becomes higher than that of the uncontaminated area due to sunlight.
Even after getting wet with rain, water is retained in the contaminated area and promotes material corrosion, so-called secondary deterioration due to contamination, which causes a decrease in the aesthetic appearance and strength of the material.

[Example] FIG. 3 shows a basic example. The main parts of the impeller are shown in Figure 1, and the suspension water storage 1"! (7) is designed to keep the suspension water uniformly mixed with water at all times.
It is stirred by a stirrer (11).

The rotation of the impeller and the turbid water storage tank agitator is done by a motor (12).
by. This motor is rotated and stopped intermittently by a separate timer switch. The water in the suspension water storage tank gradually evaporates and decreases due to forced drying of the sample surface.
A water tank (13) and water supply pipe (
14). In addition, a control panel (15) is installed to electrically control the operation of this device. Figure 4 shows the details of the structure of the sample mounting impeller. Two pairs of samples (5) (10ca +
A suspended water collector (4) shaped as shown in the figure is attached to the tip of the shaft above the sample, and when this collector comes down and passes through the suspended water storage tank (7), , suspended water (
8) When the water is pumped up and rotated until it reaches one side, the suspended water spills out and flows onto the surface of the sample. B-axis partition plate (
The structure of 6) is shown in FIG. When the impeller is in the position shown in Figure 3, two partition plates separate the inside of the test chamber (1) into upper and lower sections. However, when this partition plate becomes vertical, it will collide with the turbid water storage tank, so both ends of the partition plate are made movable U (16) as shown in Figure 5, pulled by a spring (17), and a stopper (1g ) The partition plate and the movable blade are made to be on the same plane. In addition, two guide rails (20) are provided on both sides of the upper part of the storage tank (7), and when the partition plate (6) passes through these, the partition plate's pulley (19) or the top of the guide rail (20) By rolling, the movable wing stretches the spring (17) and bends inward.

The rotation speed of the impeller is 40 rpm, and when the sample attachment impeller becomes vertical, the rotation is stopped and the hot air inlet (9) is opened for 10 minutes.
Warm air is blown onto the sample surface, the sample surface dries with some of the suspended water still attached, and after 10 minutes the rotation is turned to 111.
After a while, after half a rotation, the blade wheel is 1iq + until the top and bottom are swapped.
Ij and rotation stop. 111, the impeller rotates once (one cycle) in about 20 minutes.

The suspended substance for adjusting suspended water was selected to be similar in composition, appearance, and particle size to the soot dustfall collected on filter paper in an actual outdoor exposure test. i.e. carbon black, natural 7
Several kinds of suspensions of 1R soil, Kanto loam, silica, etc. in water were prepared and used. Examples of suspension if & adjustments are shown in Table 1. The top soil particles are natural loess (pigment, No. manufactured by Holbein).

P120), Kanto Rohm (test dust, JIS289
The suspension water 14 contained 1 to 3 g of carbon black (pigment: Nu, P168 manufactured by Holbein) mixed at a certain ratio.

Table 1 Example Mixing ratio
Dense Bunshi Particles Carbon g/13 3 g8 12 3 Test O (Test F) is cement-based, synthetic resin-based, or the surface of these materials is coated with inorganic substances, organic compounds, etc. 1. Exterior materials for construction, etc. are suitable.

After performing the accelerated test for 10 to 30 cycles, the color difference on the sample surface is determined by /l111. When measuring secondary results such as corrosion, select an appropriate method while taking into consideration the characteristics of the test material. In this way, the type of suspended substance and the concentration of the suspended substance are determined, and the results of the contamination test are compared with the results of exposing the same material outdoors for 6 to 12 months. Select the type and concentration of the suspended substance that gives the accelerated test results that are most similar to the above, and then use this as the contamination test conditions for that amulet.

[Effects of the invention] Although stains on the exterior of buildings and 13 meals are originally important problems, the situation of pollution changes even within the same area depending on the type of pollutant, weather, temperature, seasonal changes, etc. . The difference becomes even greater in different regions. A place near the sea,
In industrial areas, other deterioration factors are present in the atmosphere. In order to carry out these APL determinations and tests in an actual natural environment, a large amount of manpower, time, and cost are required. As described in the previous section, the dust contamination acceleration tester according to the present invention can easily conduct model experiments in a short period of time under various conditions, and greatly contributes to selection of materials to be adopted, research and development, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 Basic structure of the device according to the present invention Fig. 2 An explanatory diagram of the operation of one cycle of rotation of the impeller Fig. 3 An example of the test device Fig. 4 An explanatory diagram of the impeller with sample attachment Fig. 5 An explanatory diagram of the partition plate Test tank rotation axis 2 Person T-1 installation turbid water collector sample partition plate turbid water storage tank turbid water hot air inlet exhaust port

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] In a test device that repeats a test in which suspended water containing contaminating dust substances, etc. flows down onto a sample surface, and then the sample surface is dried, there is provided a rotating shaft (2) that passes horizontally through the center of the test chamber. The blade support shafts A and B, which intersect each other in a cross shape, are attached to this rotating shaft, and on the A axis there is a sample mounting frame (3) and a dish-shaped suspended water collector for pumping up suspended water. A total of two sets of (4) are provided at target positions on opposite sides of the rotation axis, and the plane formed by the B axis and the rotation axis (2) is inscribed in the test chamber in the B axis. By providing a shaped partition plate (6), a rotating impeller with a total of four blades, two on each of the A and B axes, is formed, and the lower part of the test chamber is filled with suspended water. A storage tank (7) is placed, and when the turbid water collector (4) at one end of the A-axis passes through the storage tank (7) due to the rotation of the impeller, the collector (4) pumps up the turbid water. , its collector (
4) rotates and reaches the position above the sample mounting frame (3), so that the suspended water collector (4) of the impeller and the sample Mounting frame (3
), a dust contamination acceleration tester characterized in that it has a structure that sets the position of a suspended water storage tank (7) and further includes a device for sending warm air into the test tank.