CN105651943A - Method for testing performance of nano TiO2 materials on photocatalytic degradation of automobile exhaust - Google Patents
Method for testing performance of nano TiO2 materials on photocatalytic degradation of automobile exhaust Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for testing the performance of nano TiO2 materials on photocatalytic degradation of automobile exhaust. Firstly, nano TiO2, base materials, a dispersing agent and water are mixed according to a certain proportion and stirred, and paste which is evenly stirred is smeared on the surface of a panel or is directly poured into a panel; then the panel is placed in an environment where the content of automobile exhaust is high, and irradiation of sunlight on the panel is guaranteed; time during which the nano TiO2 paste panel is placed in the automobile exhaust environment and the weather condition are recorded, the surface of the panel is washed in a spraying mode after a certain period of time, spraying liquid is collected, the content of nitrate ions is detected through a chemical method, and the degradation efficiency of the nano TiO2 paste panel on automobile exhaust in unit time and unit area is calculated according to the content of the nitrate ions in spraying liquid. The tested result is closer to the fact, credibility is high, the experiment process is simple and convenient, cost is low, and the relevant detection result can provide data bases for large-scale application of nano TiO2 paste to degradation of automobile exhaust.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to treating vehicle exhaust technical field, be specifically related to a kind of for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance.
Background technology
Nano-TiO2Material is the catalysis material of a kind of excellence, it is possible to by harmful substance catalytic oxidations such as CO, HC and NOx in vehicle exhaust under ultraviolet irradiation, generates CO2��H2The innocuous substance such as O, nitric acid, it is achieved the purification of air, and in catalytic degradation process, himself there is not change substantially, and can reuse. Because of the premium properties such as its efficient, environmental protection, nano-TiO2Material becomes the focus of current material science research, numerous experts and scholars are based on respective research purpose, adopt various evaluation method that its photocatalysis performance has carried out quantitative measurement and evaluation, although evaluation result all demonstrates the photocatalysis Decomposition performance of its excellence, but the mode of current evaluation still suffers from many defects and deficiency.
For how weighing nano-TiO under field condition2The photocatalysis performance of material, existing detection method divides two kinds:
One, adopt the gas detection equipment such as nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, be placed in the testing ground under outdoor conditions and monitor associated gas concentration in real time at applying nano-TiO2Concentration change before and after material, reflects its Photocatalytic Degradation Property with this. Nano titanium dioxide paste liquid is sprayed at the paved scene, concrete road surface on Nanjing No.3 Yangtze River Bridge Qiao Bei charge station square by Li Li such as Southeast China University et al., after three bridges are open to traffic, adopt instrument that the on-the-spot nitric oxide on road surface, nitrogen dioxide isoconcentration have been measured, according to GB JISK0104-2000 standard, the effect of nitrogen oxides in this section of photocatalysis functional concrete road photocatalytic degradation vehicle exhaust is evaluated. Result shows that the method for nano titanium oxide and ground surface material compound can substantially reduce road surface and get on the car the pollution of nitrogen oxides of discharge. Closing of Northeast Forestry University strong et al. adopts similar method, to TiO2The performance of the photocatalytic degradation vehicle exhaust of material has been evaluated.
Two, at nano-TiO2The while of catalysis material construction, field fabrication nano-TiO2Catalysis material test specimen, treats that test piece maintenance completes, and is placed in by test specimen in cars tail gas reaction unit and carries out photocatalytic degradation test, by nano-TiO under the result indirect reaction field condition of laboratory test2The performance of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust. As, Xu Haiming of Tongji University et al. is by nano-TiO2Materials application, on the asphalt road of Middle Ring Line, PVG, by the laboratory test to field fabrication test specimen, have rated nano-TiO2Photocatalysis bituminous paving to vehicle exhaust degradation effect. In Belgium, by nano-TiO2Material is fabricated to pavior brick, and uses nano-TiO2Photocatalysis pavior brick has been built an area in park, Antwerp city and has been about 10000m2Pavement. To nano-TiO2The carrying out of photocatalysis pavior brick laboratory test, test result shows nano-TiO2Photocatalysis pavior brick has the good performance reducing vehicle exhaust, nano-TiO2Photocatalysis pavior brick is on active service after 2 years and the degradation efficiency of vehicle exhaust is not weakened.
But all there is defect in various degree in both the above method: to first method, under site environment, the concentration of various automobile exhaust gas can be subject to such as wind speed, wind direction, temperature, the impact of humidity etc. weather conditions, instrument detection data drift is relatively big, and representativeness is not high, it is difficult to accurately illustrate nano-TiO2The actual Photocatalytic Degradation Property of material. And coherent detection instrument price is expensive, working specification relative complex, thus cost performance is not high. To second method, although laboratory test results may indicate that nano-TiO2The harmful components that material can effectively be degraded in vehicle exhaust, but compare site environment, and laboratory test environment mostly is the optimum automobile exhaust degrading reaction condition being manually set, the nano-TiO measured by laboratory test2Material can not nano-TiO under accurate response condition at the scene to the degradation efficiency of vehicle exhaust2The material degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust, also can not elapse on-the-spot nano-TiO by accurate response in time2The material changing value to automobile exhaust degrading efficiency.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that and be: for existing nano-TiO2The defect that material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust method of testing exists, it is provided that one can accurate evaluation nano-TiO2The new method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust efficiency, thoroughly solves when using various gas-detecting devices to carry out Site Detection, and each gas concentration is relatively big by natural environment influence, and detection program is complicated, and data are unstable, it is difficult to nano-TiO is accurately described2The material phenomenon to the actual degradation efficiency of vehicle exhaust; This method well solves in room conditions on the other hand, owing to the experimental enviroment being manually set in assay device has bigger difference, result of the test to be difficult to accurately illustrate nano-TiO with the specific environment under field condition2The material defect to the actual degradation efficiency of vehicle exhaust, and this method can elapse in time in quantitative evaluation, nano-TiO2The changing value of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
One is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, comprises the steps:
The first step, by nano-TiO2, matrix material, dispersant mix with certain proportion with water, stir, then, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly waters and build up panel;
Second step, by nano-TiO2Slurry panel carries out maintenance, then, panel is placed in highway or urban road roadside, or in the higher environment of the vehicle exhaust content such as freeway toll station, and ensure the sunlight irradiation to test panel;
3rd step, record nano-TiO2Slurry panel is placed in time and the weather condition of vehicle exhaust environment, regularly by nano-TiO2Test chamber fetched by slurry panel, carries out hydro-peening with quantitative distilled water or tap water, collects hydro-peening liquid, by chemical method, the content of detection object ion;
4th step, according to the cubage nano-TiO of target radical ion in hydro-peening liquid2The slurry panel degradation amount to vehicle exhaust, is seated in the time of vehicle exhaust environment and the area of panel, obtains the nano-TiO of unit interval, area divided by panel2The slurry panel degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
Further, in the described first step, first, the nano-TiO of matrix material quality 8%��15% will be accounted for2, account for the dispersant of matrix material quality 0.24%��0.48%, the tap water accounting for matrix material quality 50% or distilled water mixing; Then, first use high speed dispersion homogenizer that mixed solution high shear agitation is disperseed 20��40min, re-use ultrasonic cleaner to mixed solution ultrasonic disperse 30min��60min; Finally, finely dispersed mixed solution adds matrix material, use blender that mixed solution and matrix material are stirred, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly builds panel.
Further, the matrix material in the described first step is can load nano-TiO2Cement, Colophonium or mortar, described nano-TiO2Material can also be sprayed directly on panel or by nano-TiO2The solution of material spreads upon on panel or by nano-TiO2Slurry after material, matrix material, dispersant and water stirring spreads upon panel surface.
Further, described second step is tackled field panel and does waterproofing protection, to prevent panel surface nano-TiO2The product that material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust generates is fallen by rain-out.
Further, in described 3rd step, using distilled water or tap water as spray scouring water, and carry out uniform hydro-peening comprehensively with the light-catalyzed reaction thing on the form counter plate surface of spraying.
Further, described spray scouring water, before carrying out the 3rd step hydro-peening, need to adopt blank test that the object ion in distilled water or tap water is demarcated, accurately to determine the content of spray scouring water internal object ion.
Further, in described 3rd step, being placed in a drainage trough carry out hydro-peening by integral inclined for described test panel, described drainage trough is obliquely installed, and the low side at drainage trough is placed graduated cylinder and is used for collecting hydro-peening liquid.
Further, adopting quantitative spray scouring water counter plate surface to carry out hydro-peening in described 3rd step, the amount of described spray scouring water is determined by early stage pilot study.
Further, described early stage pilot study includes following two parts:
Part I, respectively the spray scouring water counter plate of use equal-volume difference are rinsed operation, the content of object ion in hydro-peening liquid after each hydro-peening is carried out chemical assay, it is determined that the elemental range of based target ion concentration or the maximum optimum hydro-peening water consumption of content;
Part II, within the scope of basic hydro-peening water consumption, proceed the hydro-peening operation of Part I, in the elemental range of hydro-peening water consumption, finally accurately determine hydro-peening panel the best water consumption.
In the present invention, described object ion is nitrate ion.
The present invention, according to concrete test objective, makes size to fit at the scene or under laboratory condition and mixed with a certain amount of nano-TiO2The panel of material, is placed in highway or urban road roadside by panel, or in the higher environment of the vehicle exhaust content such as freeway toll station, fixes panel, and ensure the sunlight irradiation to test panel., record nano-TiO2Slurry panel is placed in time and the weather condition of vehicle exhaust environment, by nano-TiO after certain time2Test chamber fetched by slurry panel, carries out hydro-peening with quantitative distilled water or tap water, collects hydro-peening liquid, by chemical method, the content of detection nitrate ion; 4th step, according to the content of nitrate ion in hydro-peening liquid, calculate nano-TiO2The slurry panel degradation amount to vehicle exhaust, is seated in the time of vehicle exhaust environment and the area of panel, obtains the nano-TiO of unit interval, area divided by panel2The slurry panel degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
The test result of the present invention is closer to reality, with a high credibility, and process of the test is simple, convenient, and with low cost, related test results can be nano-TiO2Slurry large-scale application in degraded vehicle exhaust provides data foundation.
From the above mentioned, present invention have the advantage that and panel is placed in the site environment that vehicle exhaust concentration is higher so that it is under various condition of uncertainty, harmful gas in vehicle exhaust is carried out photocatalytic degradation at the scene such that it is able to nano-TiO2The performance of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust is verified. And the method by adopting specialty detecting instrument that air carries out monitoring at the scene in real time, evaluate nano-TiO2The Photocatalytic Degradation Property of material, owing to gas on-site concentration is relatively big by natural environment influence, instrument test data wander is serious, and test error in data is big, it is difficult to convincing. This test method is with a high credibility, and process is simple, convenient, with low cost. At indoor laboratory environments to nano-TiO2Material carries out photocatalytic degradation test, and indoor laboratory environments has bigger gap with actual road environment, the artificial many factors interfered in the testing result of gained.
The test result of the present invention is closer to reality, with a high credibility, and process of the test is simple, convenient, and with low cost, related test results can be nano-TiO2Slurry large-scale application in degraded vehicle exhaust provides data foundation.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view of the test panel jetter in embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the test panel jetter in embodiment.
Number in the figure: 1-graduated cylinder, 2-drainage trough, 3-test panel.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
It is specifically described the method for testing that the present invention adopts below in conjunction with embodiment.
One is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, comprises the steps:
The first step, by nano-TiO2, matrix material, dispersant mix with certain proportion with water, stir, then, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly builds panel. Nano-TiO2Photocatalysis panel can be made while constructing on a large scale at the scene, and panel size is so that processing, moving, and hydro-peening is advisable. Also can by nano-TiO2Material is sprayed directly on panel or by TiO2The solution of material spreads upon on panel; Matrix material also can adopt multiple can load nano-TiO2Material, such as Colophonium, cement or mortar. For matrix material for cement, the nano-TiO of cement quality 8%��15% will be accounted for2, account for the dispersant of cement quality 0.24%��0.48%, the tap water accounting for cement quality 50% or distilled water mixing; Then, first use high speed dispersion homogenizer that mixed solution high shear agitation is disperseed 20��40min, re-use ultrasonic cleaner to mixed solution ultrasonic disperse 30min��60min;Finally, finely dispersed mixed solution adds matrix material (cement), use cement mixer that mixed solution and matrix material are stirred, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly builds panel.
Second step, by nano-TiO2Slurry panel carries out maintenance, then, panel is placed in highway or urban road roadside, or in the higher environment of the vehicle exhaust content such as freeway toll station, and ensure the sunlight irradiation to test panel. Reply field panel does waterproofing protection, to prevent the TiO of its rainwater weather panel surface2The associated products that photocatalytic degradation vehicle exhaust generates is fallen by rain-out.
3rd step, record nano-TiO2Slurry panel is placed in time and the weather condition of vehicle exhaust environment, by nano-TiO after certain time2Test chamber fetched by slurry panel, carries out hydro-peening with appropriate distilled water or tap water, collects hydro-peening liquid, by chemical method, the content of detection nitrate ion. Panel jetter is made up of graduated cylinder 1 and drainage trough 2, hydro-peening is carried out by being placed in a drainage trough 2 after integral inclined for panel 3, described drainage trough 2 is inclined relative to horizontal �� overturning angle and arranges, low side at drainage trough 2 is placed graduated cylinder 1 and is used for collecting hydro-peening liquid, drainage trough 2 can adopt pvc pipe to be made, wherein test panel 3 opposed vertical face tilts �� angle, drainage trough 2 is inclined relative to horizontal �� angle, to ensure successfully trickling to drainage trough of hydro-peening current from panel, then hydro-peening current flow into graduated cylinder from drainage trough, are collected. Uniform hydro-peening comprehensively is carried out during test and with the light-catalyzed reaction thing on the form counter plate surface of spraying. Spray scouring water can be distilled water, can also be tap water, and spray scouring water, before carrying out hydro-peening, need to adopt blank test that the nitrate ion in distilled water or tap water is demarcated, accurately to determine the content of spray scouring water internal object ion. Spray scouring water counter plate surface is rinsed, and the amount of described spray scouring water is determined by early stage pilot study. Early stage pilot study includes following two parts: Part I, respectively the spray scouring water counter plate of use equal-volume difference carry out hydro-peening operation, object ion content in flushing liquor after each hydro-peening carried out chemical assay, it is determined that the elemental range of based target ion concentration or the maximum optimum hydro-peening water consumption of content; Part II, within the scope of basic hydro-peening water consumption, proceed the hydro-peening operation of Part I, in the elemental range of hydro-peening water consumption, finally accurately determine hydro-peening panel the best water consumption amount.
4th step, result measure. By chemical method, detect nano-TiO2The content of the nitrate ion of the hydro-peening liquid of panel. The blank assay of the detection of nitrate ion content, pilot study and spray scouring water, all carries out with reference to corresponding national standard.
5th step, according to the content of nitrate ion in hydro-peening liquid, calculate nano-TiO2The slurry panel degradation amount to vehicle exhaust, is seated in the time of vehicle exhaust environment and the area of panel, obtains the nano-TiO of unit interval, area divided by panel2The slurry panel degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
It is below by one concrete application example of method of the present embodiment: by the nano-TiO of cement quality 8%2, the dispersant of cement quality 0.24%, cement quality 50% tap water mixing; Then, first use high speed dispersion homogenizer that mixed solution high shear agitation is disperseed 20min, re-use ultrasonic cleaner to mixed solution ultrasonic disperse 20min;Finally, finely dispersed mixed solution adds cement, use cement mixer that mixed solution and matrix material are stirred, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface. Panel size is 300 �� 300mm. By photocatalytic nanometer TiO2Slurry panel carries out maintenance 7 days at fog room, then by nano-TiO2Photocatalysis slurry panel is held on certain higher freeway toll station roadside of vehicle exhaust concentration and takes protective measure at rainy day timely counter plate, it is prevented that the TiO of panel surface2The associated products that photocatalytic degradation vehicle exhaust generates is fallen by rain-out. Record nano-TiO2Slurry panel is placed in time and the weather condition in freeway toll station roadside, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 nano-TiO2Weather condition table during charge station shelved by i photocatalysis panel
Two pieces of panels of 1-A1,1-A2 will be numbered after 8 days and fetch test chamber, test photocatalytic nanometer TiO2The content of the nitrate ion that slurry panel degraded vehicle exhaust generates. According to the hydro-peening photocatalytic nanometer TiO that early stage pilot study records2Slurry panel the best water consumption is 25ml. To photocatalytic nanometer TiO2Before slurry panel hydro-peening, adopt blank test that the nitrate ion in tap water is demarcated, it is determined that in spray scouring water, the concentration of nitrate ion is (2.840mg/l). Using tap water as spray scouring water, carry out uniform hydro-peening comprehensively with the light-catalyzed reaction thing on the form counter plate surface of spraying, and collect hydro-peening liquid with graduated cylinder, when the hydro-peening liquid collected reaches 25ml, stop hydro-peening. By spectrophotography, detect nano-TiO2The nitrate ion concentration of the hydro-peening liquid of panel, and deduct the concentration of nitrate ion in tap water, obtain photocatalytic nanometer TiO2In hydro-peening liquid after slurry panel degraded vehicle exhaust, the concentration of nitrate ion is 10.845mg/l. , nano-TiO can be calculated further2The slurry panel degradation amount to vehicle exhaust, is seated in the time of vehicle exhaust environment and the area of panel, obtains the nano-TiO of unit interval, area divided by panel2The slurry panel degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
Embodiment above describes the ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantages of the present invention; skilled person will appreciate that of the industry; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; the specific works principle that the present invention is simply described described in above-described embodiment and description; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications; these changes and improvements both fall within the claimed scope of the invention, and claimed scope is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, by nano-TiO2, matrix material, dispersant mix with certain proportion with water, stir, then, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly waters and build up panel;
Second step, by nano-TiO2Slurry panel carries out maintenance, then, described panel is placed in highway or urban road roadside, or in the higher environment of the vehicle exhaust content such as freeway toll station, and ensure the sunlight irradiation to test panel;
3rd step, record nano-TiO2Slurry panel is placed in time and the weather condition of vehicle exhaust environment, regularly by nano-TiO2Test chamber fetched by slurry panel, carries out hydro-peening with quantitative distilled water or tap water, collects hydro-peening liquid, by chemical method, the content of detection object ion;
4th step, according to the cubage nano-TiO of target radical ion in hydro-peening liquid2The slurry panel degradation amount to vehicle exhaust, is seated in the time of vehicle exhaust environment and the area of panel, obtains the nano-TiO of unit interval, area divided by panel2The slurry panel degradation efficiency to vehicle exhaust.
2. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of catalysis material degraded vehicle exhaust performance, in the described first step, first, will account for the nano-TiO of matrix material quality 8%��15%2, account for the dispersant of matrix material quality 0.24%��0.48%, the tap water accounting for matrix material quality 50% or distilled water mixing; Then, first use high speed dispersion homogenizer that mixed solution high shear agitation is disperseed 20��40min, re-use ultrasonic cleaner to mixed solution ultrasonic disperse 30min��60min; Finally, finely dispersed mixed solution adds matrix material, use blender that mixed solution and matrix material are stirred, the slurry stirred is spread upon panel surface or directly builds panel.
3. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, the matrix material in the described first step is can load nano-TiO2Cement, Colophonium or mortar, described nano-TiO2Material can also be sprayed directly on panel or by nano-TiO2The solution of material spreads upon on panel or by nano-TiO2Slurry after material, matrix material, dispersant and water stirring spreads upon panel surface.
4. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, tackles field panel and does waterproofing protection, to prevent the nano-TiO of panel surface in described second step2The product that photocatalytic degradation vehicle exhaust generates is fallen by rain-out.
5. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, in described 3rd step, using distilled water or tap water as spray scouring water, and carries out uniform hydro-peening comprehensively with the light-catalyzed reaction thing on the form counter plate surface of spraying.
6. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, described spray scouring water, before carrying out the 3rd step hydro-peening, need to adopt blank test that the object ion in distilled water or tap water is demarcated, accurately to determine the content of spray scouring water internal object ion.
7. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, in described 3rd step, is placed in a drainage trough carries out hydro-peening by integral inclined for described test panel, and described drainage trough is obliquely installed, and the low side at drainage trough is placed graduated cylinder and is used for collecting hydro-peening liquid.
8. one according to claim 1 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, adopts quantitative spray scouring water counter plate surface to carry out hydro-peening in described 3rd step, the amount of described spray scouring water is determined by early stage pilot study.
9. one according to claim 8 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, described early stage pilot study includes following two parts:
Part I, respectively the spray scouring water counter plate of use equal-volume difference carry out hydro-peening operation, object ion content in hydro-peening liquid after each hydro-peening is carried out chemical assay, it is determined that the elemental range of based target ion concentration or the maximum optimum hydro-peening water consumption of content;
Part II, within the scope of basic hydro-peening water consumption, proceed the hydro-peening operation of Part I, in the elemental range of hydro-peening water consumption, finally accurately determine hydro-peening panel the best water consumption amount.
10. the one according to any one of claim 1-9 is used for testing nano-TiO2The method of material light catalysis degraded vehicle exhaust performance, described object ion is nitrate ion.
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Cited By (3)
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