JPH02136657A - Heat pump device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive high efficiency of heating and defrosting by accumulating heat in a heat accumulation material in a heat accumulator by a refrigerant after heating is always performed at the time of heating operation, and utilizing accumulated heat to heat and defrost an outdoor heat exchanger at the time of defrosting operation. CONSTITUTION:A refrigerant becomes at about 40 deg.C and is allowed out from an indoor heat exchanger 3 to send to a second expansion valve 12 through a fourth closing valve 25. The refrigerant temperature allowed to flow in a heat exchanger 11 is decreased by reducing the pressure a little to lessen the temperature difference with a heat accumulation material 10 so as to control the heat accumulated amount without the lowering of a heating capacity. Next, a refrigerant liquid allowed to flow out from the heat exchanger 11 is reduced down to intermediate pressure of high pressure and low pressure through a third reducer 18, becomes two-phase refrigerant of the mixture of gas and liquid, sent in a gas and liquid separator 21, only a refrigerant liquid is allowed to flow in an outdoor heat exchanger 5 and returned to a compressor 1. Furthermore, a refrigerant gas separated from the refrigerant liquid is sucked in the injection port of the compressor 1 and heating and heat accumulation performance are improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat pump device that performs defrosting using heat stored in a heat storage material.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a refrigerant circuit showing a refrigeration cycle of a conventional heat pump device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-125555.

In Figure 5, (1) is a compressor, (2) is a four-way valve, (
3) is an indoor heat exchanger, (4) is a first pressure reducing device, and (5) is an outdoor heat exchanger, and these members are sequentially connected to form a ring to form a refrigeration cycle. A bypass passage (one end connected to the first three-way valve (6) provided between the cycle four-way valve (2) and the indoor heat exchanger (3)
13) The other end is connected to the indoor heat exchanger (3) and the first pressure reducing device (4).
), and both ends of the heat storage circuit (14) are connected between this connection part and the first pressure reducing device (4). The heat storage circuit (14) is equipped with a second pressure reducing device (12) and a second three-way valve (7).
), a heat exchanger (11) that exchanges heat with the heat storage material (10) filled in the heat storage device (9) are provided in this order, and the heat exchanger (
11) is connected to (near) the first pressure reducing device (4) of the refrigerant circuit via the third three-way valve (8).
7), the heat storage circuit (14) connects to the four-way valve (2) of the refrigerant circuit.
) and the suction side of the compressor (1).
) are connected through. 2 In Figure 2, (15
), (16) is the first. Second pressure reducing device (4), (12
) is an on-off valve installed in the bypass circuit.

The operation of the conventional heat pump device configured as described above will be explained.

During cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) flows as shown by the solid arrow in Fig.
, returns to the compressor (1) via the outdoor heat exchanger (5), the first pressure reducing device (4), the third three-way valve (8), the indoor heat exchanger (3), and the first king-way valve (6). . Also, during heating operation, the compressor (
1) The refrigerant discharged from V flows as shown by the broken line arrow in Fig. 4, and V! ! direction valve (2), first three-way valve (6), indoor heat exchanger (3), third three-way valve (8), first pressure reducing device (4),
Compression fi (1
), and in this case, heat is not stored in the heat storage material (10).

During heat storage operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (+) passes through the four-way valve (2), the first three-way valve (6), the on-off valve (16), and the second
The heat exchanger (11) in the heat storage (9) passes through the three-way valve (7).
) from the refrigerant to the heat storage material (10) in the heat storage device (9).
The heat is radiated to and stored in the third three-way valve (8), the first
It returns to the compressor (1) via the pressure reducing device (4), the outdoor heat exchanger (5), and the four-way valve (2), and in this case, heating is not performed.

During defrosting operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor (1) is
The flow is as shown by the chain arrow in Fig. 4, and the four-way valve (2), the first three-way valve (6), the indoor heat exchanger (3), and the on-off valve (16)
through the heat exchanger (11) in the heat storage (9),
The refrigerant is heated by the heat stored in the heat storage material (10) and exits the heat storage device (9). The refrigerant passes through the third three-way valve (8) and the on-off valve (15) to the outdoor heat exchanger (5). It melts the frost adhering to the heat exchanger (5) and returns to the compressor (1) via the four-way valve (2). In this heat pump device, the heat storage operation described above is performed only when the load on the indoor heat exchanger (3) is small, and the residual heat in the refrigeration cycle is transferred to the heat storage (3).
Heat is stored in the heat storage material (10) inside 9).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In conventional heat pump devices configured as described above, heating operation cannot be performed during heat storage operation, and high-temperature, high-pressure gas flows into the evaporator during defrosting, resulting in heat radiation loss with the outside air. A major problem was that the efficiency during heating and defrosting operations was not good.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems. During heating operation, the refrigerant after heating is used to store heat in the heat storage material in the heat storage device, and during defrosting operation, the heat storage material is stored in the heat storage material in the heat storage device. The aim is to obtain a heat pump device that can perform heating and defrost the outdoor heat exchanger by using the heat stored in the material, and can perform heating and defrosting operations efficiently and shorten the defrosting time. .

[Means to solve the problem]

The heat pump device according to the present invention includes a compressor, a four-way valve,
In the refrigeration cycle in which an outdoor heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected in sequence, a first on-off valve connected between the first pressure reducing device and the indoor heat exchanger; 1 a second on-off valve connected between the pressure reducing device and the outdoor heat exchanger; a third on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, in parallel with the first on-off valve; A heating heat storage circuit that is connected and has a fourth on-off valve, a second pressure reducing device, a heat storage device, and a fifth on-off valve in this order from the indoor heat exchanger side, the first pressure reducing device and the second on-off valve. a sixth on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the third on-off valve; a sixth on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the second on-off valve, the heat storage device and the fifth on-off valve; a seventh on-off valve connected between the heat storage device and the second pressure reducing device, and an eighth on-off valve connected between the heat storage device and the second pressure reducing device and the low pressure side outlet of the four-way valve; Third. 4th. The fifth on-off valve is opened, and the first on-off valve is opened. 6th. 7th. The eighth on-off valve is closed and the first valve is closed during defrosting operation. 6th. 7th. The eighth on-off valve is opened, and the second on-off valve is opened. Third. 4th. When the fifth on-off valve is turned off and the cooling operation is performed, the first
．． Second. The third on-off valve is opened, and the fourth on-off valve is opened. Fifth. 6th. 7th. The eighth on-off valve is left open.

[Effect]

In the heat pump device according to the present invention, the heating heat storage circuit performs heat storage at intermediate pressure at the same time as heating operation, and defrosting and heating are performed simultaneously using this heat.

I will clarify. FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit configuration diagram showing a refrigeration cycle of a heat pump device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In Figure 1, (1) is a compressor with an injection port, (2) is a four-way valve, and (3) is an indoor heat exchanger (
4) is a first pressure reducing device, and (5) is an outdoor heat exchanger, which are connected in sequence to form a refrigeration cycle.

(22) is the first on-off valve provided between the indoor heat exchanger (3) and the first pressure reducing device (4), and (23) is the outdoor heat exchanger (
5) and the second on-off valve (4) provided between the first pressure reducing device (4).
24) is a third on-off valve provided between the west valve (2) and the outdoor heat exchanger (5). (19) is a heating heat storage circuit whose artificial end is connected to the indoor heat exchanger (3) and the first on-off valve (22).
), and its outlet end is connected between the first pressure reducing device (4) and the first on-off valve (22).

This heating heat storage circuit (19) includes a fourth on-off valve (25), a second pressure reducing device (12), and a heat exchanger (9) built into the heat storage (9) together with the heat storage (10). 11),
It is equipped with a third pressure reducing device (1g), a gas-liquid separator (21), and a fifth on-off valve (26) in this order, and the gas-liquid separator (
2I) and the fifth on-off valve (26) are connected.

Further, the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator (21) is connected to the compressed f
A ninth on-off valve (3
0). (20) is a defrosting circuit, and the 9th port terminal connects the first pressure reducing device (4) and the second on-off valve (
23), and its outlet end is connected between the suction port of the compressor (1) and the four-way valve (22).

This circuit (20) has a sixth on-off valve (27) on the circuit.
) The outdoor heat exchanger (5), the seventh on-off valve (2+11)
, a third pressure reducing device (
18), a heat exchanger (11), and an eighth on-off valve 29) in this order, and the outlet end of the sixth on-off valve (27) is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger (5) and the third on-off valve (29). The inlet end of the seventh on-off valve (28) is connected between the outdoor heat exchanger (5) and the second on-off valve (23); The inlet end of the valve (29) is connected to the heating heat storage circuit (19).
) is connected between the heat exchanger (11) and the second pressure reducing device (12).

The heat storage material (10) filled in the heat storage device (9) is a heat storage material that utilizes latent heat such as water, various paraffins, and mixed salts based on calcium chloride and has a phase change temperature between 0°C and 30°C. ing.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device configured as above during heating and defrosting operations will be described. During heating operation, as shown in FIG. 4th. Fifth. The ninth on-off valves (23) to (26), (30) are open, and the first
．． 6th. 7th. Eighth on-off valve (22), (27) ~
(29) is ignored.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor (1) passes through the four-way valve (2) and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger (3), where it radiates heat, is used for heating, and is condensed and liquefied. Ru. To explain an example of the temperature change at this time, due to the heating effect of the refrigerant, the indoor air is heated from 20°C to about 40°C, and the refrigerant becomes a refrigerant liquid at around 40°C, which is transferred to the indoor heat exchanger (3). and is sent to the second expansion valve (12) through the fourth on-off valve (25). Here, the pressure is slightly reduced and the refrigerant is sent to the heat exchanger (11) of the heat storage device (9) at a temperature lower than that of the refrigerant that exits the indoor heat exchanger (3). Heat storage device (
9) is filled with a heat storage material (10) whose phase change temperature is between 0 and 30'C.
1) It is heated by the refrigerant liquid passing through it, changes from solid to liquid, and stores heat.

Here, the reason why the pressure is slightly reduced by the second pressure reducing device (12) is that especially when switching from defrosting operation to heating operation, the heat storage material (1O) absorbs heat during defrosting and solidifies, becoming low temperature. If the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the refrigerant exiting the exchanger (3) is large, heat will be taken there and the heating capacity will be reduced.
Therefore, by changing the amount of pressure reduction in the second pressure reduction device (12), the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger (11) is lowered, the temperature difference with the heat storage material (10) is reduced, and the amount of heat stored there is reduced by the heating capacity. It is controlled so that it does not decrease.

Next, the refrigerant liquid that exits the heat exchanger (II) passes through the third pressure reducing device (18) and is reduced in pressure to an intermediate pressure between high pressure and low pressure, becoming a two-phase refrigerant of gas-liquid mixture. Liquid separator (21
)to go into. This two-phase refrigerant is separated into liquid and gas by the gas-liquid separator (26), and only the refrigerant liquid is separated from the fifth on-off valve (26).
), the refrigerant is sent to the first pressure reducing device (4), where it becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and then sent to the outdoor heat exchanger (5) through the second on-off valve (23), It evaporates by absorbing heat here. The evaporated refrigerant gas flows through the third on-off valve (24
) and returns to the compressor (1). The cycle described above is then repeated.

Further, the refrigerant gas separated from the refrigerant liquid in the gas-liquid separator (21) passes through the ninth on-off valve (30) and is sucked into the injection boat of the compressor (1). For this reason, the refrigerant flow rate on the high pressure side increases by the proportion of the refrigerant flow rate sucked into the injection boat compared to when it is not sucked into the injection boat, and therefore the high pressure side capacity (condensing capacity) including heating capacity and heat storage capacity In addition, heat storage is performed using the refrigerant liquid after the high temperature and high pressure refrigerant gas passes through the indoor heat exchanger (3) and is condensed. Heat storage is controlled by the throttling amount of the second pressure reducing device (12), so the reduction in heating capacity is prevented by the opening/closing valve (2
2), (27) to (29) are open, and the second. Third. 4th.
The fifth and ninth on-off valves (23) to (26) and (30) are closed.

The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor (1) passes through the four-way valve (2) and is sent to the indoor heat exchanger (3), where heat is radiated and heating is performed. The refrigerant is sent to the first pressure reducing device (4) through the first on-off valve (22) in the state of a gas-liquid mixed two-phase refrigerant that does not fully exhibit its effect and leaves some refrigerant gas behind. Here, the two-phase refrigerant, which is a gas-liquid mixture, is depressurized to a pressure between low pressure and high pressure.2For example, the condensation temperature is 1.
When the temperature is between 0℃ and 20℃, the sixth on-off valve (27)
The refrigerant is sent to the outdoor heat exchanger (5), where the heat is radiated and the entire refrigerant is condensed to become a refrigerant liquid.

The frost adhering to the outdoor heat exchanger (5) is melted by the above-mentioned heat radiation, and defrosting is performed. Outdoor heat exchanger (5)
The refrigerant liquid that has exited is sent to the third pressure reducing device (18) through the seventh on-off valve (28), where it becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure, gas-liquid mixture two-phase refrigerant, and absorbs the heat in the heat storage device (9). Enter the exchanger (11).

Here, the two-phase refrigerant absorbs the heat stored in the heat storage material (10), evaporates, becomes refrigerant gas, and becomes the eighth on-off valve (29).
) and returns to the compressor (1). The above-described cycle operation is performed until defrosting is completed, and after completion, heating operation resumes.

The above-mentioned defrosting operation is performed using the heat storage material (10) having a phase change temperature between o'c and 30°C as a heat source, so the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant is lower than when heating is performed using outside air as the heat source. is maintained at a high level, and the heat dissipation capacity is greatly increased. Therefore, even if the heat dissipation capacity of the refrigerant is distributed between heating and defrosting, the heating capacity is maintained almost the same as when using an outside air heat source, and
Defrosting time is also shortened.

In this embodiment, during defrosting operation, the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the outdoor heat exchanger (5) is reduced by the first pressure reducing device (4) to an intermediate pressure, and the refrigerant radiation temperature for defrosting is set at 10°C. ~
Adjusted to 20°C. This adjustment is performed by the first pressure reducing device (
4) without using 40°C to 50°, which is the same level as when heating is turned on.
When the refrigerant C flows through the outdoor heat exchanger (5), the condensation heat of the refrigerant is not only used for defrosting, but also to prevent an increase in heat radiation loss, which is heat radiation to the outside air. Also, during cooling operation, as shown in FIG. Second. Third on-off valve (2
2) to (24) are open, 4th degree and 5th degree. 6th. 7th. 8th.
9th. The tenth on-off valves (25) to (30) are closed, forming a refrigeration cycle for cooling.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in a heat pump device having a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected, the first pressure reducing device and the indoor heat exchanger are connected. The first connected between the heat exchangers
a second on-off valve connected between the first pressure reducing device and the outdoor heat exchanger; a third on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve; a heating heat storage circuit connected in parallel to the first on-off valve and having a fourth on-off valve, a second pressure reducing device, a heat storage device, and a fifth on-off valve in this order from the indoor heat exchanger side; a sixth on-off valve connected between the device and the second on-off valve, and between the outdoor heat exchanger and the third on-off valve;

a seventh on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the second on-off valve and between the heat storage device and the fifth on-off valve; a seventh on-off valve connected between the heat storage device and the second pressure reducing device; The eighth on-off valve is connected to the low pressure side outlet of the four-way valve, and the second on-off valve is connected to the low pressure side outlet of the four-way valve. Third. 4th. The fifth on-off valve is opened, and the first on-off valve is opened. 6th
．． 7th. The eighth on-off valve is left open, and the first valve is turned off during defrosting operation.
6th. 7th. The eighth on-off valve is opened, and the second on-off valve is opened. Third. Fourth
．． The fifth on-off valve is left open, and the first on-off valve is turned off during cooling operation. Second.
The third on-off valve is opened, and the fourth on-off valve is opened. Fifth. 6th. 7th. 8th
Since the opening/closing valve is configured to be idle, heat can be stored without reducing heating capacity, and during defrosting operation, the same heating as during normal heating operation can be achieved at the same time as defrosting.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the heat pump device of the present invention, and FIG.
1) is a compressor, (2) is a four-way valve, (3) is an indoor heat exchanger, (a) is a first pressure reducing device, (5) is an outdoor heat exchanger, (
10) is a heat storage device, (12) is a second pressure reducing device, (+9)
is the heating heat storage circuit, (22) is the first on-off valve, (23
) is the second on-off valve, (24) is the third on-off valve, (2
5) is the fourth on-off valve. (26) is the fifth on-off valve, (27) is the sixth on-off valve,
(2g) is the seventh on-off valve, and (29) is the eighth on-off valve. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a heat pump device having a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first pressure reducing device, and an indoor heat exchanger are sequentially connected, a first pressure reducing device connected between the first pressure reducing device and the indoor heat exchanger is provided. a second on-off valve connected between the first pressure reducing device and the outdoor heat exchanger; a third on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve; A heating heat storage circuit connected in parallel to the first on-off valve and having a fourth on-off valve, a second pressure reducing device, a heat storage device, and a fifth on-off valve in this order from the indoor heat exchanger side, the first pressure reducing device and a sixth on-off valve connected between the outdoor heat exchanger and the third on-off valve, and between the outdoor heat exchanger and the second on-off valve, and between the outdoor heat exchanger and the third on-off valve. a seventh on-off valve connected between the heat storage device and the fifth on-off valve; and an eighth on-off valve connected between the heat storage device and the second pressure reducing device and to the low pressure side outlet of the four-way valve. In preparation, the second, third, fourth, and fifth on-off valves are opened during heating operation, and the first, sixth, seventh, and
an eighth on-off valve is closed, the first, sixth, seventh, and eighth on-off valves are opened during defrosting operation, and the second, third, fourth, and fifth on-off valves are closed; A heat pump device characterized in that during cooling operation, the first, second, and third on-off valves are opened, and the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth on-off valves are closed.