JPH0213173B2 - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a joint half for a universal joint with a receiving opening for a rotating pin bearing and a shaft, tube or flange connection.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In each case, two such joint halves are connected to one another via a cross member in a known manner.

Traditionally, such coupling halves have been made integrally from solid material, mostly as forged pieces. Although in individual cases the pipe connection is welded to one piece of the fitting fork (Fig. A), usually the fitting fork and the axial connection are welded, for example with external or internal threads (Fig. B,
The coupling halves consisting of a moving piece with a flange connection (FIG. C) or a flange connection (FIG. D) are made in one piece.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Such a joint half has drawbacks. Forged pieces are expensive not only because of the material, but above all because of the amount of material required. In addition, two or more fitting halves with almost different shaft, tube or flange connections for each torque transmission range have to be made and stored, and can also be finished in different work processes. There must be.

Material manufacturing, including heat treatment, and mechanical finishing, which does not include heat treatment, of the forged joint halves are very labor intensive. Various tools for processing materials,
Assumes a mechanical or clamping containment device.

After manufacturing the blank, the shaft or flange connection must be centered and cut to length. After turning, toothing is carried out, if necessary, on the outside with a milling machine and on the inside with a broaching machine. Transport operations are required during turning or milling or broaching.

Providing the forging stock with receiving openings for the rotating pin bearings in exact alignment with each other is most expensive. Each receiving opening must be pre-drilled and subsequently super-drilled or threaded. This is usually followed by at least one further operation step in order to give the necessary precision to the aperture. This applies to superfinish drilling, grinding and/or
Or by honing and/or polishing.

In many cases it is also necessary to carve a ring groove for the safety ring.

If the forged fitting half has a flange connection, the connecting side of this connection is lathed flat;
And connection holes must be made.

Each of these processes requires the tightening of joint halves of various shapes. Depending on the machining process, appropriate receptacles are required for tightening.

The object of the invention is, on the other hand, to create a coupling half as mentioned at the outset, which is easier to produce and store than before, and which requires less finishing and, above all, fewer labor-intensive working steps. It's about offering your body.

(Means for solving the problem) It turns out that this can be easily done as follows. That is, it consists of a piece of roughly U-shaped fork body made in advance from a board, and this fork body is
Coupling for a universal joint, comprising two fork arms, each with a receiving opening for a rotating pin bearing, and a flat fork root, to which a connecting piece can be connected for torque transmission. The halves are provided with at least one inwardly extending radial reinforcing fin in the transition area between each fork arm and the fork root, and the outer edge of the fork arm and the outer edge of the fork root are provided with at least one inwardly extending radial reinforcement fin. A reinforcing piece is provided in the transition area between, and a connecting piece designed as a flange connection or shaft connection - sliding piece, or a shaft connection - pin or a shaft connection - clamping piece corresponds to the fork root. It has a flat contact surface and a welded seam or bond is provided along or between the contact surfaces.

This not only greatly simplifies manufacturing, but also considerably improves inventory control. According to the invention, fork bodies prefabricated from plates, for example for torque transmission ranges, are manufactured and stored. Shafts, tubes, clamping bodies or flange connections can likewise be produced simply and optimally for standard-sized fork bodies stored for the torque transmission range;
and can be stored. For each standard size of fork body two or more different types of shaft, tube, clamping body or flange connection are stored.

Desired joint halves are selected as necessary and assembled at the time of warehouse application. In the simplest case, the fork body and the attached shaft, tube, clamping body or flange connection are welded together. However, the parts may also be glued together. Modern welding methods make it possible to weld without further processing of the welded joint halves.

Joint halves for universal joints consisting of two almost identical longitudinal sections are known (for example, German Patent No. 819603, German Utility Model Registration No. 6916638, Federal Republic of Germany No. 7137425). , U.S. Pat. No. 2,214,169 and U.S. Pat. No. 2,904,975, U.S. Pat. It is for the purpose of

On the other hand, according to the invention, an inexpensively manufacturable universal joint can be used selectively in all torque transmission ranges with all the usual connection possibilities. According to the invention, the installation of the cross member is carried out in a conventional manner.

A configuration that meets high requirements regarding torque transmission and flexibility is as follows. i.e. 1
The fork body of the piece is a press part designed as a coupling fork with a fork arm and a receiving opening and a fork root for attaching a shaft, tube, clamping body or flange connection.

In order to press the fork pieces for many connection possibilities and applications, it is only necessary to provide a suitable set of pressing dies (pressing tools).

The advantage is that the pipes, clamping bodies or flange connections can also be produced by optimal technological manufacturing methods with simple and optimal manufacturing means. These parts are likewise simple pressed or cold drawn parts.

The connection of the fork body and the connecting piece is carried out by welding or gluing, and in special cases by crimping, the welding, gluing or crimping seam being optimally placed on the outside or the inside. .

The invention not only facilitates the manufacture and storage of the joint halves, but also allows all desired tolerances to be maintained during the manufacture of the joint halves according to the invention.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Figures A-D illustrate several types of joint halves that are conventionally used for universal joints in the range to which appropriate torques are to be transmitted. The fork body according to FIG. A, which is formed as a coupling fork, is a forged piece, in order to have a precise orientation in the fork arm of this forged piece, the pivot pin of the cross piece (not shown), also not shown. A receiving opening is accommodated for the bearing. The openings are first drilled in a laborious manner and then precisely machined. In the forged stock, the connection at the root of the fork must also be machined afterwards, which according to FIG. A is of cylindrical design and is used for attaching the tube.

The joint half according to FIG. B not only consists of a fork body designed as a joint fork as in FIG. A, but also includes a connecting piece with an external spline integrally connected to this fork body. Manufacturing is more labor intensive than in the case of FIG. For forged materials, not only must the housing opening for the rotating pin be carefully drilled, but the shaft connection must be centered, cut to the specified length, and
And it must be equipped with splines. The manufacture of the fitting half of Figure C (shaft connection with internal splines) and the fitting half of Figure D with a flange connection is similarly complex, and the flange connection must have a connection hole. and the connecting surface of this flange connection must be lathed flat.

In all work processes, workpieces that are difficult to handle must be clamped, and thus a large number of intermediate transport operations must be endured. Moreover, various forging dies must be made and stored. The configurations required for the torque transmission range must likewise always be kept in sufficient stock.

1a to 1c, on the other hand, schematically illustrate the invention. FIG. 1a shows a fork body prefabricated from a plate with a receiving opening for a rotating pin bearing in the fork arm. The connecting surfaces of the fork roots are designed in such a way that they can be fixedly connected to the connections shown schematically in FIGS. 1b to 1e, in order to obtain the respective required joint halves, if necessary.

The fork body formed as a joint fork is
Similar to the flange connection shown in FIG. 1b, it can be used with or without a central opening.

FIG. 1c shows a pin with an external thread, the cylindrical projection of which is received in the central opening of the fork body.

FIG. 1d shows a tube or shaft connection with internal or external splines, whereas FIG. 1e shows a clamping body connection. 1st a
The fork bodies of the figures and the connections of figures 1b to 1e are manufactured according to the invention by an optimal manufacturing method.
For example, they are produced by punching, cold pressing, finishing pressing, with almost no post-processing required. According to the invention, it is only necessary to produce and store the fork bodies and the desired number of connecting pieces, which can be produced simply and precisely, respectively, for each torque transmission range. The joining of the individual parts to the respective desired joint halves takes place by welding, gluing or other joining methods that do not require further processing. All desired tolerances are maintained with the joint halves according to the invention.

However, it is particularly important that the invention allows the production of forging blanks to be dispensed with for all embodiments.

The examples will now explain how the invention can be adapted to the respective desired torque transmission.

From Figures 2a to 2d, fork root 2
2 connection end 220 and flange connection 35,
Shaft connection part 39 with outer spline 39a, shaft connection part 41 with inner spline 41a, connection pin 43 with male thread 44, and tightening piece 4
It can be seen that 5 has contact surfaces 34, 38, 40, 42, 43a along which the separate parts are fixedly joined to the respective desired joint halves 20a to 20d. Ru. For example, the fork root 22 can be provided with a central opening 23 with a circumferential surface 23a, along which, according to FIG.
There is a welded seam 230 that permanently connects 1.

According to FIG. 2a, the flange connection 35 also has in this embodiment a central opening 36 with a circumferential surface 36a. If central apertures 23 or 36 are present, concentrically surrounding these apertures are contact surfaces 34 or 38.

It is shown on the left side of FIG. 2a that a weld seam 360 can be provided at the corner between the circumferential surface 36a and the contact surface 34 at the connecting end 220 of the joint root 22.

It is shown on the right side of FIG. 2a that a flange connection 35 can be formed without a central opening. The connecting weld seam 230 can then also be placed along the circumferential surface 23a, whereas the weld circular seam 46 can also be provided along the outer ring surface 47. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2d, a welded circular seam 46 can also be used to connect the clamping piece 45 and the coupling fork 21.

FIG. 2c shows the joining of the coupling fork 21 with a shaft connection 39 with an outer spline 39a or with a shaft connection 41 with an inner spline 41a by adhesive 48 between the contact surfaces 34 and 40. . The connection between the coupling fork 21 and one of the connections may be made by friction welding or the like.

The coupling fork 21 has receiving openings 26, 27 for rotating pin bearings (not shown) and a central opening 2.
Together with 3, it forms the finishing press section. opening 2
3, 26 and 27 are invariably drilled during the finishing press and at the same time calibrated during the finishing press so that, if necessary, particularly critical tolerances can be maintained.

Figures 2a and 2b show fork arm 2.
Processing rings 28, 29 protruding from 4 or 25
may be located around the outer edges of the rotary pin bearing receiving openings 26, 27.

To reinforce the coupling fork 21, at least one reinforcing fin 3 is provided in the transition area between each fork arm 24, 25 and the fork root 22.
0 and 31 are arranged. Additionally, an additional reinforcing piece 32 or 33 is provided between the outer edges 24a and 25a of the fork arms 24 and 25 and the outer edge 22a of the fork root 22.

Assembly of the fork cross can be accomplished in a conventional manner.

Without changing the essence of the invention, the joining of the individual parts of the joint halves according to the invention can also be carried out by spot, roll or butt welding.

In all embodiments, the connections can also be produced in a comparable and optimal manner. For example, screw hole 3
The flange connection with 7 can be a finishing punched part which can optionally also be provided with a central opening 36.

The shaft connections 39, 41, 43 are preferably cold-pressed sliding pieces with external and/or internal splines 39a, 41a. Such an advantageous manufacturing method is simply not possible with conventionally used forged materials.

The shaft connection, which is designed as a pin 43 with external thread 44, can also be simply produced as a finished pressed part or a deep drawn part.

For each fork body and torque transmission area, the shaft connection 45, which is designed as a clamping piece,
Can be adapted to any connectivity possibilities.

Fork bodies 21, 22 and shaft, pipe, clamping body, or flange connection parts 35, 39, 41, 43, 4
5 can be made by welding or gluing together. A circular seam along the circumference of the central opening of the connecting part is used as the weld seam.
A circular seam may be provided along the outer ring surface of the fork body and the connection.

In special cases, the individual parts are connected to one another, for example by friction welding. Particularly at low torques, it is also possible to connect at least two individual parts of the joint halves according to the invention to one another by adhesive.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures A, B, C, and D are diagrams showing conventional configurations of various joint halves for torque transmission ranges, Figures 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d.
1e are diagrams showing the principle of the present invention, and FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are diagrams showing various configurations of the first embodiment of the present invention. The correspondence relationship between the main parts shown and the symbols is as follows. 21, 22...folk font, 2
4, 25...Fork arm, 26, 27...Rotating pin bearing housing opening, 35, 39, 41, 4
3, 45... Connection portion, 22... Fork root.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consists of a generally U-shaped one-piece fork body prefabricated from a plate, which fork body has two fork arms each having a receiving opening for a rotating pin bearing, and a flat fork body. In a joint half for a universal joint, each fork arm 24, 2 has a fork root, to which a connecting piece can be connected for torque transmission.
at least one inwardly extending radial reinforcing fin 3 in the transition area between 5 and the fork root 22;
0,31 are provided, fork arms 24,2
Reinforcing pieces 32, 3 are provided in the transition area between the outer edges 24a, 25a of 5 and the outer edge 22a of the fork root 22.
3 is provided, and a connecting piece configured as a flange connection 35 or a shaft connection-sliding piece 39, 41, or as a shaft connection-pin 43 or a shaft connection-tightening piece 45 corresponds to the fork root 22. characterized in that it has a flat contact surface 38, 40, 43a, 45a, and a weld seam 230, 360, 46 or a bond 48 is provided along or between the contact surfaces. , fitting halves for universal joints. 2. The coupling half according to claim 1, wherein the fork root 22 has a central opening 23 arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation, around which the contact surface 34 is arranged. body. 3. Joint half according to claim 1, wherein the receiving openings 26, 27 are calibrated to narrow measurement tolerances during finishing pressing. 4. The joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein there are expansion rings 28, 29 pulled out from the fork arms 24, 25 around the outer edges of the rotary pin bearing receiving openings 26, 27. Half body. 5 The flange connection part 35 equipped with the screw hole 37 is
Claims 1 to 4 which are finished punched members
The joint half described in any one of paragraphs. 6. Joint half according to claim 5, wherein the flange connection 35 can have a central opening 36. 7. The joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the central opening 23 of the fork bodies 21, 22 is smaller than the central opening 36 of the flange connection part 35. 8 The shaft connection parts 39, 41, 43 are connected to the outside and/or
or with internal splines 39a, 41a,
The joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is preferably a cold-pressed sliding piece. 9. The joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shaft connection portion is a pin 43 having a male thread 44. 10. The joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the shaft connection portion is a tightening piece 45. 11 Fork bodies 21, 22 and flange connection part, shaft connection part - slide piece, shaft connection part - pin, or shaft connection part - tightening piece 35, 39, 41, 4
3 and 45 are welded together. A joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 12 The welded seam is a circumferential joint along the inner peripheral surface of the central opening of the joint half, or the central opening of the flange connection, shaft connection-slide piece, shaft connection-pin, or shaft connection-tightening piece. , a joint half according to claim 11. 13 Welded seams, flange connection, shaft connection -
12. The joint half according to claim 11, which is a circumferential seam along the outer ring surface in contact with the slide piece, the shaft connection part-pin, or the shaft connection part-tightening piece. 14. The joint half according to claim 11, wherein the fork body and the connecting piece are connected to each other by welding. 15. A joint half according to any one of claims 1 to 12, in which at least two individual parts are glued together.