JPH0213062B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention involves lowering a filling basket into a water-permeable counterpart, thereby substantially closing the open bottom of the filling basket from below; By charging the wet material into the filling basket from above, then closing the filling basket by lowering the diaphragm lid from above, and applying pressure to the movable working diaphragm during the squeezing process in the pre-squeezing process and on the movable working diaphragm during the post-squeezing process. The present invention relates to a method for squeezing liquid from woven or knitted fabrics, fleeces, felts, leather products and other absorbent materials by squeezing under a diaphragm lid, and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

[Prior Art] Methods and devices of this type are already known (German Patent Application No. 2852923).
In this device, the filling basket, which can be filled from above, is not placed on a counter-receptacle, but the counter-receptacle is gripped by the closed side wall of the filling basket and, during the squeezing of the water-absorbed material, is pushed downwards. It acts as a press ram that is pushed up from the top and enters the filling chamber of the filling basket. During the squeezing process, the filling basket moves together with the diaphragm lid located above it.
In such methods, the material being pressed may be seriously damaged. Furthermore, the disadvantage arises that the pressed mass (hereinafter referred to as press cake) is located in the upper part of the filling basket at the end of the pressing process and completely disintegrates during extrusion.

In any case, the press cake extruded from the filling basket suffers from some disadvantages: 1. The edges of the press cake are damaged.

2. Significant friction occurs between the press cake and the walls on the inner wall of the filling basket, and over the entire height of the filling basket.

3. Due to the height of fall, the effect of friction and the pressure load from above applied during extrusion of the press cake, the press cake completely breaks apart.

By the way, if a partially collapsed press cake is placed on the receiving tray, which has a limited size due to the need to be pushed inside the filling basket, loose laundry items may enter the annular gap and cause the next The press cake is broken during the working cycle, ie when the counter-receptacle is withdrawn. Therefore, it is necessary for workers to constantly monitor the work process.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of pre-squeezing and post-squeezing of the processed material that has absorbed water by lifting the filling basket after squeezing the processed material, and at that time. The objective was to construct the press cake so that it would not interfere with its lifting, or the press cake itself would not be lifted or moved.

[Means for solving the problem] This problem is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the outset by: (a) loading the filling basket immovably with its side walls onto a conveying device configured as a counter; and (b) (c) The liquid during pre- and post-squeezing is carried out directly on the surface of the conveying device in a fixed position, and (c) the filling basket alone is lifted vertically without the compressed material. (d) This is then resolved by removing the press cake from the pressing position after lifting the filling basket.

According to the method of the invention, the filling basket and the corresponding receptacle act like a container for the water-filled material to be treated, and during the squeezing process, in particular during the pre-squeezing process and the post-squeezing process, It is achieved that their relative positions are fixed and immovable. The movements during the pre- and post-squeezing processes take place only in the diaphragm cover or the working diaphragm, and the material to be processed is directly pressed into a press cake on the conveyor or on the corresponding receiver of the conveyor, in which case the press cake is teeth,
When the filling basket is lifted vertically after all working steps have been completely completed, it still exhibits only a small height and only a slight frictional connection to the inner wall surface of the filling basket. After the filling basket has been lifted, the press cake can be transported in the desired direction without movement, ie with absolutely maintaining its shape, and in a perfectly resting state. The press cake can therefore be removed from the machine area without being destroyed.

Another advantage of this method of operation is that there is no need to limit the size of the transfer device and the counter to match the inner diameter of the filling basket, so the configuration of the transfer device and the transfer device is completely free. be.

Furthermore, one of the important advantages of the present invention is that there is no need to monitor the entire process, since the source of trouble is as if it did not exist.

Another object of the invention is an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, in which a filling basket arranged vertically can be fixedly loaded with its lower edge onto a receiving receptacle for the squeezing pressure. A conveying device is provided as a support surface for the corresponding receiver and the filling basket, the filling basket in the loading position can be filled from above, and the diaphragm lid is shaped like the inner peripheral surface of the filling basket. It is characterized in that it is identical and laterally guided so that it can be slid into and out of the filling basket and that it can be inflated for the post-squeezing process. The device of the invention has the same advantages that the method of the invention has.

Where above and below references are made to the entry of the diaphragm lid into the filling basket or its penetration into the filling basket, this should not be understood as limiting the invention. . Depending on the size of the respective diaphragm lid, the lid may only partially penetrate into the filling basket. Components on the diaphragm lid,
The retaining device or the like may extend upwardly beyond the edge of the filling basket, and is important such that the diaphragm lid is capable of a piston-like movement within the filling basket and that its direction of action is This is suitable for direct handling or transportation equipment.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to practical examples.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the device according to the invention has four main components: 1. A main frame 123, which is preferably constructed as a quadrangular prismatic main frame with a square cross-section. 2 a filling basket 20 which is of essentially hollow cylindrical design and which is preferably conically enlarged at least in its lower part; 3 a diaphragm lid 25 consisting of a diaphragm support 125 and a working diaphragm 27; It consists of a conveying device 12 which is supported on a side or which itself constitutes a counter.

In the main frame 123 there are arranged vertically disposed columns or pedestals 1 at respective corner positions, the pedestals being connected in their upper parts to cross beams 2 forming a frame. The four pedestals 1 are interconnected in their lower part by transversely connecting beams 3.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, the pedestal 1 rests on a platform frame 45 with its end extending beyond the transversely joining beam 3. The platform frame 45 consists of two mutually parallel and horizontally arranged platform frame supports 4, which extend over the entire width of the device. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, this platform frame support 4 supports a corresponding support 5 consisting of support members 55 extending laterally and placed close together and having a small distance from each other. In its upper part, the support member forms a corresponding receptacle 5 with its upper surface 50.

On the upper surface 50 runs the conveying device 12, in particular the upper side of the conveyor belt mentioned by way of example. The conveying device is water permeable and water can flow down due to the openings 7 between the upper surfaces 50 of the support members 55 being open. Support member 5
5 has a T-shaped construction in the illustrated embodiment and is generally located only in the central part of the device.

This construction of the main frame 123 with a platform frame 45 whose parts are fixedly connected to one another ensures a twist-free absorption of the forces that occur.

The connection point between the platform frame 45 and the main frame 123 forms a square image. Therefore, the platform frame together with its conveyor belt is connected to the filling basket 20.
Due to the further extension in the axial direction or the 90 DEG turn, depending on the filling position, there is now also the possibility of an extension perpendicular to the filling direction, but also in one direction as well as in both directions. Therefore,
The conveying device 12 may advantageously be selectively movable in the filling direction or in the opposite direction, or alternatively also advantageously selectively movable in a direction perpendicular to the filling direction and in a variable running direction. good. In this case, the fourth main component of the invention, the water-permeable counter-receptacle 5 and the conveying device 12, should be selectively pivotable, for example by 90°, within the four-post main frame.

On the support member 55, perpendicular to the support member 55,
Furthermore, a plurality of slide rails 6 are arranged at slight intervals from each other in the running direction of the conveyor belt 12. Via the through cross section 7 thus formed, the squeezed water or squeezed liquid flows out. This is collected in a container 8 surrounding the platform frame and is led out through an optional opening 9.

Furthermore, tension rolls 10 and drive rolls 11 are installed within the platform frame 45 to transport a water-permeable conveyor belt serving as the transport device 12. The drive roll 11 can be driven selectively based on which direction the press cake is to be conveyed, changing the running direction as described above.

Parallel to the running direction of the conveying device 12, side walls 112 are arranged for protection on the sides of the belt.

In the beam 3 joining laterally on the lower side of the main frame 123, eight locking elements 13 are provided on the beam 3, which in the illustrated embodiment are arranged in pairs and mutually intersecting. This mode of action will be explained below. These locking elements 13 are shown exclusively as pivot levers in the illustrated embodiment. Other locking mechanisms may also be used. These locking members 13 are pivotable about an axis 113.

The main frame 123 is stabilized in the location of the cross beam 2 by a triangular reinforcement 14 and in the location of the transverse connecting beam 3 by a reinforcement 15 of the same type as the reinforcement 14 described above. The triangular reinforcing members 14 and 15 are connected to the power cylinders 16 and 1.
It serves as a base plate for 7. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3, two opposite ones of the power cylinders are always operated together. A diagonally opposed power cylinder pair 16 acts on the filling basket 20 and causes it to move, and a diagonally opposed power cylinder pair 17 likewise acts on the diaphragm lid and causes it to move.

Each cylinder has a fixed cylinder rod 116.
The members moving on and 117 are fixedly connected. The pressure medium supply and control of the cylinders is a known method and will not be described here.

Therefore, these power cylinder pairs 16 and 17
The device is inside the main frame 123.

In the illustrated embodiment, for filling a filling basket 20 which has the form of a simple open cylinder, a filling device 18, which is arranged between two vertical pillars 1, is preferably used. Shoot is helpful. A conveyor belt or other feeding device may be located at this location. However, the filling basket is preferably conically enlarged downwardly, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, to facilitate opening of the press cake.

In order to adjust for possible unevenness of the bottom, the platform frame 45 is equipped with legs 19 that are adjustable in height. When the base frame 45 is accurately adjusted, the main frame 1 connected to the base frame 45
23 is similarly adjusted.

As the second main component of the device according to the invention, the filling basket 20 described above is to be understood. As already mentioned, this filling basket 20 consists of a cylindrical or downwardly enlarged, in particular conically enlarged, hollow body, the upper open edge of which is surrounded by a reinforcing strip 21. It's okay.

The filling basket 20 is provided with two pairs of connecting plates 22 facing each other, which are connected to a power cylinder 16 provided for this purpose.

In order to ensure problem-free insertion of the diaphragm lid 25 into the filling basket, the upper inner edge 120 of the filling basket 20 is ground tapered.

Near the lower opening, in particular at the storage location of the contents to be dewatered, the filling basket 20 is completely surrounded by a projecting ring 23. This protruding ring serves to absorb the forces occurring on the cylindrical wall of the filling basket 20 during the dewatering process.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the filling basket 20 may be surrounded by a rubber lip 24 in its lower portion. This rubber lip 24 is attached to the filling basket 2.
0 may protrude slightly beyond the lower opening edge and thus its wall. Thereby, although the power cylinder is controllable, the filling basket 20 is moved onto the corresponding receiver 5 or onto the intervening conveyor belt 12.
Loading is carried out without damaging the materials. Such an arrangement can be applied even if the filling basket is of cylindrical construction and also if its lower part is of conical construction.

6 and 7 show different embodiments of a diaphragm lid 25, which is the third main component of the present invention.

The diaphragm lid has a cylindrical wall and an inner, e.g. grid-like reinforcement 26, for example made of metal or the like, to prevent the material from twisting due to the forces generated during the dewatering process. It has a pot-shaped diaphragm support 125 made of a stable material.

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the underside of the lid has the same diameter as the diaphragm support 125.
A working diaphragm 27 made of rubber or rubber-elastic material is flanged. Suitable openings 29 are provided in the bottom of the diaphragm support in order to charge the resulting hollow spaces 28 with a corresponding pressure medium in the manner described below. The hollow space 28 is filled by a pressure medium pump 32 from a pressure medium reservoir 33 via a line 132 (this is only schematically shown in FIG. 1).

Furthermore, a bolt 30 is shown in FIG.
The diaphragm lid 25 is fixed to the beam pair 31 connecting the power cylinder 17 with the bolts.

FIG. 7 shows another type of fastening of the working diaphragm 27 to the diaphragm support 125. In this embodiment, the diaphragm support 125 and also the working diaphragm 27 have cylindrical sides, and the diaphragm grips and is fixed to the diaphragm support 125 with its sides. Due to this concentric gripping, the clamping buckle 22, which is advantageously only partially shown,
5, it is thus possible to fix the diaphragm to the side surface of the diaphragm support 125 in a friction-locking manner, for example via a buckle consisting of a flexible band whose ends are interconnected by means of a tightening mechanism. The tightening mechanism may have a turnbuckle, which is known per se.

6 and 7 show that in both embodiments, the diaphragm wall is thinned immediately from the fixed part or from a predetermined position, and after the predetermined wall thickness has been reached, the diaphragm is folded back towards the concave shape. As a result, the bottom of the pot-shaped recess following the folded portion has a flat shape and a uniform material thickness. This is important for uniform deformation and pressing of the diaphragm onto the object to be washed or the like to extract liquid.

Diaphragm lid 2 that can be configured arbitrarily
5 is suspended from the bolt 30 and connected to the beam pair 31 via the bolt, as described above.
These beam ends are connected to diagonally opposite power cylinders 17. Other arrangements of the drive cylinders may also be envisaged, for example a central arrangement of the drive cylinders due to the diaphragm lid 25 being held centrally within the main frame 123.

Optionally, it is also possible to arrange the necessary locking mechanisms already mentioned in the description of the main frame 123 on the diaphragm lid 25 itself. In this case, the locking member 13 must fit outward from the center of the lid into a beam 3 that encloses the filling basket 20 and extends laterally or connects it laterally. However, this is also only one variation of the simple locking member 13 shown.

8 to 14 schematically illustrate different working positions.

In FIG. 8, an empty filling basket 20 is placed on the conveying device 12 to be filled with 100 items to be washed. The filling basket is fixed by means of a power cylinder 16 on a corresponding receiver 5 supporting the conveying device and is therefore fully loaded in the illustrated embodiment above the endlessly circulating conveyor belt. If the transport device is configured in another format,
For example, if it consists of a running dewatering sheave, this sheave is also always guided on the counter holder 5.
As soon as the filling basket 20 is loaded, the entire lower side of the basket is essentially closed, and the material filled in this position, even if very thin, is placed between the filling basket 20 and the corresponding receiver 5. It never gets into.
It is advantageous to use a somewhat flexible conveyor belt as the conveying device 12 in order to achieve a uniform seal over the entire periphery.

The diaphragm lid 25 is at a suitable height so as not to interfere with the subsequent filling process.

FIG. 9 shows a state in which the filling basket 20 is filled with laundry items 100 to be dehydrated.
8 and 9 correspond to the position of the device shown in FIG. 1, with the filling basket 20 lowered and the diaphragm lid 25 raised.

FIG. 10 shows that the diaphragm lid 25 is connected to the filling basket 2.
Indicates the position that has descended to within 0. The diaphragm lid is
It is advantageous if its upper edge is flush with the upper edge of the filling basket 20, so that it is lowered until the pre-squeezing or pre-draining has already begun. After this,
The thus closed filling basket 20 is frictionally locked from the outside. This state is not yet shown in FIG. The first dehydration process ends at the end of this movement. FIG. 2 shows this working position. FIG. 2 also clearly shows the type of clamping and coupling by means of diagonally opposite holding devices, in which case the filling basket 20 is connected via a holding element 116 to the power cylinder 16 located below. The diaphragm lid 25 is connected to a power cylinder located above via a holding member 117. Also shown is the locking position of the locking member 13, which, as already mentioned, may be a simple pivot lock. These locking members face each other in pairs. These may be operated by hand, but a mechanism may be provided to rotate them all evenly. The locking member 13 thus rests on the upper edge of the diaphragm support 125.

The pressure-tight chamber formed by the locking of the diaphragm lid 25 extends only on its lower side over water-permeable transverse reinforcing elements, such as support beams 55 as counter-receptacles 5 and slide rails 6. , is closed by a conveyor belt 12 provided with holes.

After the pre-squeezing process shown in FIG. 10, the post-squeezing process shown in FIG. 11 begins. The hollow space 28 between the diaphragm support 125 and the working diaphragm 27 is supplied with pressure by a pressure medium, for example water or oil, which is supplied from a storage container 33, ie hydraulically, or alternatively pneumatically. The volume change caused by this dehydrates the laundry items 100 or the like located in the filling basket. The water or the like thus expressed flows into the bottom container 8 and exits via the opening 9 provided for this purpose (see FIG. 1). In the post-squeezing process, after this squeezing process has ended (time and pressure can be controlled), the pressure built up in the hollow chamber 28 is slightly relieved.

Figure 12 shows the next step. After the post-squeezing process, the filling basket 20 and the diaphragm lid 25 are unlocked and the filling basket 20 is lifted slightly, as shown in FIG. Press cake 101 on a conveyor belt or other conveying device 12
is held by the pressure that still remains in the hollow between diaphragm support 125 and diaphragm 27. This is clearly shown in FIG. Therefore, press cake 1 from filling basket 20
01 is automatically ejected.

Figure 13 shows the next stage. The diaphragm pressure is released. At the same time, the diaphragm lid 25 is transported to its standby position. At the same time, the filling basket 20
A press cake 101 consisting of a wash item 100 or the like is moved to a position where it can be removed. Now, for the first time, the conveying device starts conveying, possibly by means of a special switch.

The unloading position is shown in FIG. The press cake 101, which previously remained stationary and completely unbroken on the conveyor belt or other conveying device 12, can now be fed in a free state to the next processing position. In this case, depending on how the conveying device is arranged in the device, the press cake can be selectively delivered to the right, to the left or to the rear or to the front.

Since the main frame 123 has a four-column structure, the conveying device can be selectively rotated through 90 degrees and can be conveyed to both sides each time.

Of course, the inventive idea is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. It is important that the items to be washed or the like remain stationary in the filling basket and remain so throughout the pressing process, especially if the filling basket is lifted but the press cake is still held. The press cake is held fixed until it is transported out.

The detailed components of the device may vary. The diameters of the diaphragm support 125 and the working diaphragm 27 are such that a close and smooth guidance along the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical filling basket 20 is guaranteed and that at least some of the pressure remains within the hollow space 28 of the working diaphragm 27. They should be of approximately the same size so that the filling basket 20 can be lifted while it is in the position shown in FIG. 12 and thus assume the position shown in FIG.

However, if the lower part of the filling basket 20 is of conical construction, the position of FIG. 12 can be easily achieved. In this case, the filling basket is slightly lifted off the press cake 101. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the diaphragm has an annular cutout 325 behind its fixed position so that the conical opening can expand downwardly.
, so that when pressure is applied in the hollow chamber 28, the diaphragm can expand outwards depending on the conicity of the cage.

It is also not necessary to switch the conveying device 12 at 90 degrees.
Other angles are possible in other frame configurations. What is important is that selective switching is possible.

Of course, it is also possible to keep the transport device 12 stationary until the filling basket and diaphragm lid are completely lifted and to move it only thereafter.

The individual features or combinations thereof disclosed above are to be considered as part of the subject matter of the invention insofar as they are novel with respect to the state of the art.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a partially schematic longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention; FIG. 2 is taken along the - line of FIG. 1, except that the diaphragm lid is lowered and its locking member 3 is a sectional view from the filling side but without the filling basket and diaphragm lid; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the filling basket; FIG. 5 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the filling basket; FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of the filling basket in the filling position according to the embodiment; FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the diaphragm lid; FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the diaphragm lid; FIG. Figure 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13 and Figure 1
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing different working positions of the device according to the invention. 1... Pillar, 5... Corresponding receiver, 12... Conveying device (conveyor belt), 16, 17... Power cylinder, 18... Filling device, 20... Filling basket, 2
5...Diaphragm lid, 27...Working diaphragm, 45...Base frame, 123...Main frame, 125...Diaphragm support.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A filling basket is lowered to the position of a water-permeable counterpart, thereby substantially closing the open bottom of the filling basket from below, and then moist material is introduced into the filling basket from above. , then the diaphragm lid is lowered from above to close the filling basket, and the squeezing process in the pre-squeezing process and the squeezing process on the underside of the diaphragm cover by applying pressure to the movable working diaphragm in the post-squeezing process are carried out. In a method for expressing liquid from woven or knitted fabrics, fleeces, felts, leather goods and other water-absorbing materials, (a) the filling basket is immobilized with its side walls on a conveying device configured as a counter-receptacle; (b) the expression of the liquid during the pre- and post-squeezing takes place directly on the surface of the conveying device in a fixed position; and (c) the filling is subsequently carried out without the compressed material. A woven or knitted fabric, a fleece, characterized in that only the basket is lifted vertically; (d) the press cake is then removed from the pressing position after lifting the filled basket;
A method of expressing liquid from felt, leather products and other absorbent materials. 2. The method according to claim 1, in which the filling basket is slightly lifted in order to extrude the press cake before the final lifting of the filling basket from the counter receiver and before the final release of the working diaphragm. . 3. lowering the filling basket into the position of a water-permeable counterpart, thereby substantially closing the open bottom of the filling basket from below, then introducing the wet material into the filling basket from above, and subsequently lowering the diaphragm lid from above. The woven or knitted fabric is then lowered from the diaphragm lid to close the filling basket and to carry out the squeezing process in the pre-squeezing process and the underside of the diaphragm lid by applying pressure to the movable working diaphragm in the post-squeezing process. In an apparatus for carrying out a process for expressing liquids from wool, fleece, felt, leather goods and other water-absorbing materials, a vertically movable filling basket 20 has a lower edge adapted to receive the squeezing pressure. A transport device 12 is provided as a supporting surface for the corresponding receiver and the filling basket 20, and the filling basket 20 in the loading position can be filled from above, and is provided with a diaphragm lid 25. is equivalent to the shape of the inner circumferential surface of the filling basket 20, and is guided laterally to the filling basket 2.
Expression of liquid from woven or knitted fabrics, fleeces, felts, leather products and other water-absorbing materials, characterized in that they can be slid in and out of the container and can be inflated for a post-squeezing process. device to do. 4 As conveying device 12, a surface-supported, water-permeable conveyor belt is provided, which conveyor belt by itself and together with a water-permeable surface support device forming its corresponding receptacle 5, Device according to claim 3, which serves as a support surface for the pressure of the cage 20 as well as the diaphragm lid 25. 5. The filling basket 20 and also the diaphragm lid 25 are vertically slidably guided in the pressure-absorbing main frame 123, and the main frame 1
In the lower position of 23 there is provided a platform frame 45 which is configured as a counter-receiving receptacle 5 or which receives a counter-receiving receptacle 5 and which provides a surface support for the conveying device 12, which forms a support surface for the filling basket. Device according to claim 3, which acts as a device. 6. The device according to claim 3, in which the filling device 18 is assigned to the side of the filling basket 20. 7. Device according to claim 3, wherein the running direction of the conveying device 12 can be selectively changed transversely to the filling direction. 8. Device according to claim 3, in which the conveying device 12 is selectively movable in the filling direction or in the opposite direction. 9. The diaphragm lid 25 can be locked together with the filling basket 20, in which case the diaphragm lid 25 and the filling basket 20 are held fixed in the working position within the main frame 123 by means of bolts, locking devices, pressure devices, etc. 4. Device according to claim 3, wherein both parts are vertically movable independently of each other. 10. Device according to claim 3, wherein the transport device 12 is selectively switchable within the main frame 123. 11. The device according to claim 3, wherein the filling basket 20 has a cross section that is evenly enlarged at least in its lower part towards the loading surface. 12 The diaphragm lid 25 consists of a diaphragm support 125 and a working diaphragm 27, the diaphragm support 125 and also the working diaphragm 27 having cylindrical sides and the diaphragm concentrically gripping the diaphragm support with its sides. The device according to claim 3, wherein: