JPH02125052A - Binder for gravel press and waterproofing work executing method using same binder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To high-efficiently form a gravel layer being effective to protection and press of a waterproof layer by a method wherein a binder for gravel press prepared by a rubber asphalt emulsion is kneaded with gravel and the mixture is laid over the waterproof layer. CONSTITUTION:A rubber asphalt emulsion is prepared by mixing and emulsifying asphalt and rubber. The rubber asphalt emulsion is prepared such that 30-10 wt. pts, based on 100 wt. pts. asphalt, a binder for gravel press is kneaded with gravel, and a kneaded substance is laid in a thickness of 1-10cm to form a gravel layer. After gravel is laid over a water-proof layer to form a gravel layer, a binder is sprayed to harden it. During kneading and spraying, a hardener and a hardening assistant are added to the binder where occasion demands. This method enables shortening of a term of works.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a binder for holding down gravel and a waterproofing method using the binder. In the invention, these are collectively referred to as "waterproof layer") for the purpose of protecting and holding down.
The present invention relates to a gravel holding binder used for fixing a gravel layer provided on the waterproof layer, and a waterproofing method for fixing the gravel layer on the waterproof layer using the binder.

(Conventional technology) Protection of waterproof layers installed on the roofs of concrete buildings, etc.
A gravel layer is provided on top of this waterproofing layer for holding down. To form and fix this gravel layer, in addition to the gravel spreading method, which simply lays out gravel in layers, it is also possible to apply or spray an adhesive paint made of asphalt dissolved in an organic solvent on the waterproof layer, and then spread the gravel. Known methods include injecting an aqueous asphalt emulsion or an aqueous synthetic resin emulsion into a pre-formed gravel layer and then drying to fix the gravel layer. However, all of these methods have problems in practical application, and as a solution to this problem, a preparation solution consisting of an asphalt emulsion and bituminous powder, or a mixture of 3 to 20 g of rubber latex is added to a pre-formed gravel layer.
Method of spraying a prepared liquid containing % by weight
No. 6058) has been proposed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the method described in the above-mentioned publication has two problems: (1) Since an excess preparation liquid is used, a part of the preparation liquid may flow into the roof drain; In order to prevent water from flowing into the water, drains are plugged and cured, but when it rains, the area around the drain becomes like a pool and the waterproof layer lifts up. (3) There are problems with the stability of the asphalt emulsion, and quality The variation is severe, and the workability is also poor.
There were also problems such as poor economic efficiency.

The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a binder suitable for holding down gravel and a method for fixing a gravel layer using this binder for holding down gravel.

(Means for Solving the Problem) According to the research of the present inventors, a rubber asphalt emulsion obtained by adding only a specific amount of rubber latex to asphalt and emulsifying it without using bituminous powder It is effective as a binder for presser foot, and by simply mixing this binder for gravel presser with gravel and laying it on the waterproof layer, it is possible to efficiently form a gravel layer that is effective for protecting the waterproof layer and for presser foot. The inventors found that the binder can be cured in a desired time by using a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid together with this binder, and based on this knowledge, the present invention was completed.

That is, the present invention provides a rubber asphalt emulsion obtained by mixing and emulsifying asphalt and rubber, in which the amount of the rubber blended is 30 to 100 parts by weight of asphalt.
100 parts by weight of a binder for gravel pressing (hereinafter simply referred to as a "binder", but also sometimes referred to as a "rubber asphalt emulsion").

Furthermore, the present invention has the purpose of protecting and holding down the waterproof layer.
In providing a gravel layer on the waterproof layer, the binder and gravel are kneaded and the resulting kneaded product is applied to a desired thickness of 1 to 10 cm on the waterproof layer to form a gravel layer. Determine the waterproofing method.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a waterproofing construction method, which comprises: forming a gravel layer by laying gravel on the waterproof layer, then dispersing the binder onto the gravel layer, and then solidifying the binder.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a waterproof construction method characterized by adding and kneading the above-mentioned binder, hardening agent, and hardening aid as necessary to gravel, spreading the obtained kneaded material on a waterproof layer, and then solidifying it. Regarding the method.

Furthermore, the present invention includes the step of spreading gravel on the waterproof layer to form a gravel layer, and then spraying the mixture consisting of the binder, hardening agent, and if necessary hardening aid onto the gravel layer, and then solidifying the mixture. Regarding the characteristic waterproofing construction method.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for forming a gravel layer by laying gravel on the waterproof layer, and then spraying the binder on the gravel layer, and subsequently spraying a hardening agent and, if necessary, a hardening aid, to solidify the gravel layer. The waterproof construction method is characterized by:

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

Specific examples of asphalt used in the present invention include natural asphalt, straight asphalt, and blown asphalt.

Specific examples of the rubber used in the present invention include natural rubber, styrene-butadiene copolymers (random and block copolymers), isobutylene polymers, butadiene polymers,
Synthetic rubbers such as styrene-isoprene copolymers, random and block copolymers), chloroprene polymers, acrylic ester copolymers, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers can be mentioned.

Among these, styrene-butadiene (random) copolymers are preferred, with a styrene portion of 10 to 70% by weight, preferably 15 to 50% by weight, and a gel content of 0 to 50% by weight.
% by weight, preferably 0-30% by weight, Mooney viscosity (M
L I-a 100) is 70-20o, good: lLz<
Those with a C of 100 to 200 are preferably used.

It is preferable to use latex produced by emulsion polymerization as it is, but rubber obtained by dissolving rubber in a solvent and then emulsifying and dispersing it in water can also be used.

The amount of rubber mixed in asphalt is 1
30 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 00 parts by weight
It is 3 to 50 parts by weight. If the amount of rubber blended is less than 30 parts by weight, the softening point of the solidified rubber asphalt emulsion will be low, and it may become sticky and sometimes flow at high temperatures, and it will not have elasticity at low temperatures and will be prone to cracking. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, it becomes unfavorable economically.

Rubber asphalt emulsion is made by adding an emulsifier to rubber latex (or emulsion) and heating it at 10 to 70°C.
Asphalt in a molten state (80 to 130℃) was heated under stirring at
) and emulsify it uniformly. The emulsifiers used here include fatty acid salts, alkyl sulfate salts,
Examples include ionic surfactants such as alkylbenzene sulfonates and alkylnaphthalene sulfonates, and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ethers, polyoxyethylene derivatives, and sorbitan fatty acid esters. can. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

The amount of emulsifier used varies depending on the type of emulsifier, but usually
It is about 3 to 15% by weight of asphalt.

The gravel pressing binder of the present invention obtained in this way contains other additives,
For example, resins, anti-aging agents, thickeners, etc. can be added. The amount of these additives used is usually between 1 and 5% by weight of the asphalt.

The binder of the present invention can be used in various ways, such as by spreading and fixing it on a pre-formed gravel layer. For example, it can be mixed directly with gravel and applied to the waterproofing layer.

According to this kneading method, a binder and gravel are kneaded,
The obtained kneaded material is applied to a waterproof layer to a desired thickness to form a gravel layer, and then this gravel layer is dried and solidified. As a result, the gravel layer is fixed on the waterproof layer, and the waterproof layer is protected and held down.

There are no particular restrictions on the equipment and method used for kneading the binder and gravel and applying the resulting kneaded product onto the waterproof layer, and the kneading can be carried out using commonly used mixing machines and methods.

For example, a binder and gravel are put into a mixing machine and kneaded, and the resulting kneaded material is laid out on a waterproof layer and pressed down with a trowel. In particular, pressing with a trowel will result in a cleaner finished surface.

In the above-mentioned kneading method, the amount of the binder used is 2.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 6% by weight of the gravel as a solid content.

The thickness of the gravel layer to be formed is not particularly limited and can be determined as appropriate, but is usually 1 to 10 cm, preferably 2 to 5 cm.

The gravel layer obtained as described above will last for about 0.1 to 3 hours at room temperature if a curing agent is used, and for about 3 to 3 hours if no curing agent is used.
It dries and solidifies in a relatively short period of time, about 24 hours, and then becomes a solid layer that does not deform even if you walk on it or place something on it.

By the way, the assimilation of the gravel-pressing binder in the above method proceeds as the water in the rubber asphalt emulsion evaporates, so it takes time to solidify.
Alternatively, if the emulsion encounters rain during assimilation, there is a risk that the emulsion will flow out, but such a problem can be solved by using the above-mentioned binder together with a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid. That is, by using a binder, a curing agent, and, if necessary, a curing aid in combination, solidification can be achieved in a desired time.

Examples of the hardening agent include oxalic acid, magnesium oxalate, iron oxalate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, aluminum sulfate,
Iron, ammonium formate, sodium silicofluoride, potassium silicofluoride, magnesium silicofluoride, iron alum, potassium alum, and the like can be used singly or in combination of two or more.

The curing agent may be added as an aqueous solution, but in order to suppress the increase in water content of the mixture, it may be added directly in the form of a powder, or a fine powder of the curing agent and an oily substance, such as an aliphatic, alicyclic or It is also possible to add a mixture of aromatic mineral oils and/or animal and vegetable oils in advance.

In the present invention, if necessary, a curing aid, such as ethyl chloride-formaldehyde, which functions as a retardant to prevent rapid solidification of the curing agent or a regulator to uniformly assimilate the curing agent in combination with the curing agent, is used. - Reaction products of ammonia, quaternary ammonium salts, amine compounds,
Betaine compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specifically, the reaction product of ethyl chloride-formaldehyde-ammonia is, for example, "Trimenbase" (trade name, UIJ ROY
(manufactured by AL).

The solidification time can be freely adjusted by appropriately selecting the type and amount of the curing agent and, if necessary, the curing aid used.

The amount of curing agent used in the present invention varies somewhat depending on the type and amount of the emulsifier contained in the rubber asphalt emulsion, but it is appropriate to use a hardening agent of 0.5 to 15 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the rubber asphalt emulsion. 1 to 10 parts by weight is particularly preferred.

If the amount of the curing agent used is less than 0.5 parts by weight, the curing rate will be significantly reduced, while if it exceeds 15 parts by weight, the curing agent will be non-uniformly cured immediately after addition.

The amount of the curing aid used varies somewhat depending on the type and amount of the emulsifier contained in the rubber asphalt emulsion, but it is preferably less than 5 parts by weight, particularly 0.2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight (solid content) of the rubber asphalt emulsion. ~3
Parts by weight ranges are preferred.

If the amount of the curing aid used is 5 parts by weight or more, the effect of delaying curing will be excessive.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

"Part" and "1%" in the examples mean "part by weight" and "% by weight."

Example I An aqueous solution containing 4 parts of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether surfactant was added to about 35 parts (solids basis) of styrene-butadiene rubber latex containing 23% bound styrene and 69% solid content, and the softening temperature was further increased. 100 parts of straight asphalt at 34° C. was heated to 95° C., melted and added, and then stirred and emulsified to produce a rubber asphalt emulsion with a solid content concentration of 55%.

5 parts of this rubber asphalt emulsion (based on solid content)
and 100 parts of gravel having a particle size of about 5 to 10+ am were put into a kneader and kneaded for 1 minute at room temperature. This kneading property, and the drying properties, bending strength (normal state, water resistance, after freeze-thaw) and compressive strength (normal state, water resistance, after freeze-thaw) of the kneaded product were evaluated. When this kneaded material was left to stand at room temperature in a thickness of 3 cm, it solidified to the extent that it could be walked on in about 12 hours.

Note that the above physical properties were measured by the following method.

(1) Bending strength (normal state) The kneaded material was filled into a metal formwork with a length of 80IIIm, a width of 80mm, and a thickness of 110l1, and after curing for 7 days, the mold was removed to create a test piece, which was used to meet JIS standards. Measured according to -^1172.

(2) Bending strength (water resistance) The test piece obtained in (1) was further immersed in water for 7 days, and then measured in the same manner as in (2).

(3) Bending strength (after freezing and thawing) The test piece obtained in (1) was heated at -20°C for 16 hours at 20°C.
After repeating the freezing and thawing operation for 8 hours 7 times at (+
) was measured in the same manner.

(4) Compressive strength (normal state) The kneaded material was placed in a metal formwork of 40 m long, 40 m wide, H
After filling with a thickness of 10 mm and curing for 7 days, the mold was removed to prepare a test piece, which was used for measurement according to JIS-A1172.

(5) Compressive strength (water resistance) The test piece obtained in (4) was treated in the same manner as in (2) above, and then measured in the same manner as in (4).

(6) Compressive strength (after freezing and thawing) The test piece obtained in (4) was treated in the same manner as in (3) above, and then measured in the same manner as in (5).

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 A kneaded product was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of rubber asphalt emulsion was changed from 5 parts to 3.5 parts. It was evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1.2 In Example 1, asphalt emulsion ``P'' specified in JIS-2208 was used instead of rubber asphalt emulsion.
A kneaded product was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that Ni-IJ (Comparative Example 1) or "H-2" (Comparative Example 2) was used. evaluated.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 The rubber asphalt emulsion obtained in Example 1 was added to gravel having a particle size of about 5 to 10 mm at a ratio of 3.0%, and thoroughly kneaded with a mixer.

A foamed polystyrene insulation material with a thickness of 30n+m is pasted with double-sided tape on top of the hot asphalt waterproof layer, and the above-mentioned mixture is spread on top of it to a thickness of 35mra, and then troweled and graveled. formed a layer.

The gravel layer dried and solidified in about 12 hours at room temperature, achieving good protection and retention of the waterproof layer.

Examples 4 to 11 Same as Example 3 except that the amount of rubber asphalt emulsion added to gravel, the coating thickness of the kneaded product, and the thickness of the heat insulating material were changed as shown in Table 2. When a gravel layer was constructed using the same method as in Example 3, a good gravel layer was obtained as in Example 3.

(Margin below) Table 2 Example 12 Gravel with a grain size of about 5 to 10 mm was spread on the waterproof layer to a thickness of 301 mm, and then the same rubber asphalt emulsion used in Example 1 was sprinkled at 4 kg per Is''. It was injected into the voids between the gravel.The rubber asphalt emulsion has good permeability into the gravel and does not flow into the drain.
It dried and solidified in about 12 hours at room temperature, forming a protective gravel layer with a good waterproof layer.

Example 13 Rubber asphalt emulsion 10 used in Example 1
0 parts (solid content), 2 parts of sodium fluorosilicide powder as a hardening agent, 0.0 parts of diethylenetriamine as a hardening aid.
5 parts and 2,000 parts of pea gravel with a particle size of 5 to 15 non were put into a kneader and kneaded for 3 minutes at room temperature.

This kneaded material is spread on the waterproof layer to a thickness of 30 mm,
When the assimilation state was observed, it solidified uniformly in about 90 minutes.

In addition, solidification could be promoted for 10 hours or more compared to the case where no curing agent or curing aid was used.

Example 14 A gravel layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 13, except that 3 parts of sodium fluorosilicate powder was used as a hardening agent. This gravel layer was uniformly solidified in about 60 minutes.

Example 15 A gravel layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 13, except that 2 parts of sodium silicofluoride powder was used as a hardening agent and 1 part of lauryl betaine was used as a hardening aid. This gravel layer was uniformly solidified in about 50 minutes.

Example 16 In Example 13, 2 parts of magnesium oxalate powder was used as a hardening agent, and 0.0 parts of diethylenetriamine was used as a hardening aid.
A gravel layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 13 except that 3 parts were used. This gravel layer was uniformly solidified in about 70 minutes.

Example 17 A gravel layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 13, except that 3 parts of aluminum sulfate powder was used as a hardening agent and 0.2 parts of diethylenetriamine was used as a hardening aid. This gravel layer was uniformly solidified in about 60 minutes.

Example 18 Pea gravel with a particle size of 5 to 15 am was spread on the waterproof layer to a thickness of 30 mm, and then sodium silicofluoride was added as a hardening agent to 100 parts (solid content) of the same rubber asphalt emulsion used in Example 13. The mixture obtained by adding and mixing 2.5 parts of powder and 0.5 parts of diethylenetriamine as a hardening agent was sprinkled on 5 to 8 parts per 11112 and injected into the gaps between gravel, and the hardening state was observed. It solidified uniformly in 70 minutes.

Example 19 Pea gravel with a particle size of 5 to 15 mm was spread on the waterproof layer to a thickness of 30 mm, and then the same rubber asphalt emulsion used in Example 13 was sprinkled at 5 kg per 1v12 into the gaps between the gravel. After the injection, a 5x aqueous solution of a 1:1 mixture of magnesium fluorosilicide powder as a hardening agent and triethylamine as a hardening aid was sprinkled at a rate of 1/m2, and the state of assimilation was observed, and it solidified immediately after being sprayed.

In addition, when only the rubber asphalt emulsion was sprayed without using a curing agent or curing aid, it took about 12 hours for assimilation.

(Effect of the invention) The main effects of the present invention are listed below.

(1) Since the gravel layer obtained by the method of the present invention dries and solidifies in a relatively short time, the construction period can be shortened.

(2) The solidified gravel layer obtained by the method of the present invention has excellent physical properties such as high strength.

Also, there is no stickiness or flow at high temperatures. Furthermore, there is no frost damage, and the gravel layer does not push up or crack.

(3) The binder of the present invention not only adheres the gravel and the waterproof layer, but also strongly binds the gravel to each other, so there is no scattering of gravel during strong winds, and there is no run-off of fine earth and sand in the gravel due to rainwater, thereby clogging drains. Never.

(4) In the method of the present invention, no extra binder is used, so troubles such as binder flowing into the dosing area do not occur.

(5) In the method of the present invention, since a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid are used, it is possible to solidify the gravel layer in a desired time, and the assimilation time can be adjusted to be optimal depending on the situation. Can be done.

(6) In the method of the present invention, since a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid are used, it is possible to shorten the assimilation time of the gravel layer, and it is possible to prevent the rubber asphalt emulsion from flowing out due to rain during assimilation. problems can be prevented.

Patent applicant: Japan Waterproofing Sogyo Co., Ltd. Japan Latex Processing Co., Ltd. Agent: Patent Attorney Yuzo Nakai

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A rubber asphalt emulsion obtained by mixing and emulsifying asphalt and rubber, characterized in that the amount of the rubber blended is 30 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of asphalt, for use in pressing gravel. binder. (2) When providing a gravel layer on the waterproof layer for the purpose of protecting and holding down the waterproof layer, the binder of claim (1) and gravel are kneaded, and the resulting kneaded product is placed on the waterproof layer. 10
A waterproofing construction method characterized by forming a gravel layer with a thickness of cm. (3) A waterproofing construction method, which comprises: forming a gravel layer by laying gravel on the waterproof layer, then spraying the binder of claim (1) on the gravel layer, and then solidifying the binder. (4) The binder of claim (1), a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid are added to gravel and kneaded, the resulting kneaded product is laid out on a waterproof layer, and then solidified. Waterproofing construction method. (5) After laying gravel on the waterproof layer to form a gravel layer, the mixture consisting of the binder of claim (1), a curing agent and, if necessary, a curing aid is sprinkled onto the gravel layer, and then solidified. A waterproof construction method characterized by: (6) After laying gravel on the waterproof layer to form a gravel layer, the binder of claim (1) is sprinkled on the gravel layer, followed by a hardening agent and, if necessary, a hardening aid, to solidify it. A waterproofing construction method characterized by: