JPH02118521A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To display white display parts whiter and to improve the lightness over the entire part by constituting one block of 4 kinds of red, green, blue and white color filters and disposing plural pieces of such blocks in the form of matrix. CONSTITUTION:The plural color filters are constituted of the four filters; the red filter 161, the green filter 162 and the glue filter 163 plus the white filter 164 as one block. The plural blocks are disposed in the form of the matrix. The white filters 164 are formed of the transparent parts as the white filters 164 in order to solve the problem of a failure in the production of the beautiful white color when the transmittance of the light to the filters is low. These blocks are controlled by the brightness signal of video signals, by which the lightness is improved and the reproducibility of the white color is improved. The lightness over the entire part is thus improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a color liquid crystal display suitable for color image display and color graphic display.

Conventionally, it has been impossible to realize multicolor display in a liquid crystal display due to the following points.

One is that the number of dots or lines of the liquid crystal panel itself could not be increased. The limit of the normally used dynamic drive is 1/16 duty, and at most 16
The most important thing is to realize the line. On the other hand, a color display is meaningless unless it has at least 100 lines, and for this purpose it is necessary to realize a liquid crystal drive with a duty of 1/100.Secondly, the multicolor color display means of the liquid crystal itself There was nothing better. There is a method of creating color by mixing pigments in the guest-host liquid crystal, but this method is extremely difficult to generate multiple colors within a single substrate. There is also a method of overlapping panels of several colors, but this method is extremely expensive, and it is impossible to produce vivid colors because of the multiple layers.

For the reasons mentioned above, it has been difficult to realize a liquid crystal multicolor display panel.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for easily realizing a multicolor display panel by improving the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The present invention employs three methods as means for increasing the duty. One is unprecedented high duty, i.e. 1/60.
It is a dynamic drive system that is ~1/200 times smaller, and is realized not only by improving the LCD panel but also by using advanced assembly technology for the LCD panel.

One is the panel? T! 44 gap compared to the conventional 10
The thickness is controlled to be 5 to 7 μm. One is an active matrix using transistor switching, and the third is a method using nonlinear elements such as MiM elements and diodes. In addition, as a colorization technology, dots with mosaic or stripe-like color filters are opened and closed using a negative type liquid crystal micro-shutter to produce multicolor images, making it possible to produce vivid color images and color graphic liquid crystal displays. It is something that will be realized.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the basic configuration of the present invention. First, color filters are formed on the glass plate 1 (plate 1).For example, a red filter 8, a green filter 9, and a helmet filter 10 are formed in a mosaic or stripe shape.
A protective film 6 such as Z is formed, and a transparent electrode 5 serving as a liquid crystal driving electrode is formed on the protective film 6. This protective film may be omitted in some cases. On the opposite side, a facing type layer (e) is formed on a glass substrate 2, and the drawing shows a simple layer 3 in which active matrix switching elements and nonlinear elements are arranged. On the second part, a transparent drive electrode layer 4 corresponding to each dot of the color filter is formed.First, these two glass substrates 1 and 2 are faced to each other, and the periphery is sealed to encapsulate the crystal 7. Make this display panel transparent“
(When used in As a result, the part of the liquid crystal that appears black (the part where the liquid crystal is 0FFL) does not transmit any light, and corresponds to the part where the liquid crystal is transparent (the part that is ON). By combining the three primary colors, seven colors can be displayed as a graphic display.In addition, the liquid crystal drive is not completely ON/OFF, but the intermediate tone, that is, the state where the liquid crystal becomes translucent, can be displayed. Control KMiA
By adding a display device (IF), all colors can be displayed at various brightness levels, making it possible to display color images.

The above is one example of the present invention, and the structure of each part will be explained.

Figure 2 shows an example of the configuration of an optical color filter.A water-soluble resin layer such as polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin is formed on a transparent glass substrate 20, and a pattern is formed on this to form a predetermined filter arrangement. Red, blue, and green dyes are printed to dye the organic resin layer. As a result, each color filter of the red part 22, front part 23, and edge part 24 is formed corresponding to the shutter part of the liquid crystal, and at the same time, each color filter is The border is dyed with black thread to form a black frame 21. This black frame 21 is unnecessary if the dyed layer such as gelatin is etched off.

Further, in the case of a negative type liquid crystal, if the degree of staining of the dye in the horizontal direction is strong, the black frame 2I may contain a substance that prevents dyeing instead of the black dye. Further, a transparent protective liquid 1I225 is applied to the upper part, and a conductive transparent film 26 which will become a liquid crystal driving electrode is formed thereon, and the lower electrode is completed by etching into a required pattern. Furthermore, even if the transparent film 26 is directly attached without using the protective film 25, the transparent film 26 may also serve as a protective film. Although FIG. 2 shows an example of a structure using dyeing, it goes without saying that the structure may be formed by pasting each color filter.

Furthermore, the dye used in the filter may fade or be damaged during the formation of the transparent conductive film.

At this time, the filter film 3 is placed on the glass substrate 30 as shown in FIG.
A protective film 34 is applied to 1. Alternatively, a transparent conductive film 33 may be separately formed on the thin glass or plastic film 32 and bonded to the glass substrate 30.

FIG. 4 shows an example of the structure of an active matrix formed on the upper substrate used in the present invention. The characteristics of this method are that a driving duty of 100 or more can be easily achieved and that gradation display can be easily achieved. In this example, 81
This method is used to create thin film transistors using ordinary Si.
The feature is that it can be constructed relatively easily on a transparent substrate compared to an active matrix on a single crystal wafer. FIG. 4B) is a plan view showing one pixel (one dot) cell 41 of the matrix. Gate line (Y selection line)
44 is connected to the gate of the transistor 49, the data line (X line) 43 is connected to the source of the transistor 49 through the contact hole 47, and the liquid crystal drive electrode 42 is connected to the drain of the transistor 47 through the contact hole 46. Further, the ground line 45 forms a charge holding capacitor 48 between the ground line 45 and the liquid crystal drive electrode 42 . FIG. 4(b) is an equivalent circuit of this cell 41, in which the transistor 49 is
When the voltage is N, the voltage input through the data line 43 is applied to the charge holding capacitor! 48 or is held as an electric charge by the capacitance between the liquid crystal drive electrode 42 and the counter electrode. Therefore, since the leakage current of transistors and liquid crystals is small, the charge is retained for quite a long time, so in principle the duty is (retention time) / (time required to write the charge), which is actually 10,000.
It becomes '2. Furthermore, if the area of the liquid crystal drive electrode is large, the storage capacitor 48 is not necessary. Figure 4 (c) is A in (b)
-B is a cross-sectional view. A first layer of Si thin film that will become a channel is formed on the transparent substrate 40 by low pressure CVD method and plasma CVD method.
5iJW on the surface after buttering.
After that, the second layer of 5iJli is formed.
The gate line and GND line are patterned, and the oxide film is further etched using the pattern as a mask to form the gate insulating film 51 and the gate electrode 50. Then, using the gate electrode 50 as a mask, P ions are applied to the entire surface. Enter N
'ff/ffl and the source 53 of the transistor
, channel 55, and drain 54 are formed. Thereafter, an oxide film 52 is formed, a contact hole is made, a transparent conductive film is applied, and the data line 43 and the drive electrode 42 are formed by patterning. As a result, the liquid crystal drive electrode acts as a light shutter, and the color of the filter corresponding to this electrode position is transmitted or blocked. In addition, the light transmittance of the liquid crystal can be changed continuously depending on the level of the voltage input to the data line, making so-called gradation display possible.
It has the great advantage of being able to reproduce all colors because it can add weight to the primary colors and perform additive mixing. In addition, the drive duty can be made as high as possible even with the point sequential method, so 5
A complete color image with 00x500 dots can be realized.

In the present invention, the liquid crystal is further driven through a nonlinear element as a means for improving the driving duty of the liquid crystal. FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are examples of configurations of nonlinear elements.

FIG. 5 is a 474 example of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) device. The matrix cell 61 has a configuration in which the drive f!1457 is driven from the X drive line 58 through the IM7: child 62. A Ta film 58 is formed, and its surface is anodized by 300 to 500 A. Thereafter, the Ta film that will become the upper electrode is sputtered and buttered to form a Ta layer 60, and further a transparent drive electrode 57 is formed.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which two diodes are connected in series with each other facing each other.
P(N) Sanctuary 68. It is connected to the liquid crystal drive electrode 65 via the N(P) sanctuary 69 . (B) is a cross-sectional view of (A), in which an island of Si layer is formed on a transparent substrate 63, and then Nu (P) regions 67, 69 and P type (N) regions 68 are formed by ion implantation, and then transparent conductive A transparent film is formed to form an X drive line 66 and a liquid crystal drive electrode 65.

The nonlinear element thus formed has a VI characteristic as shown in FIG. 7, and the current suddenly increases from a certain voltage. When a liquid crystal cell is driven through this nonlinear element, an equivalent circuit as shown in FIG. 8 is obtained. The nonlinear element 80 can be expressed by a nonlinear resistance RM and a capacitance fficM, and the liquid crystal 81 can be expressed by an equivalent resistance RL and a capacitance J3tCL. When a voltage higher than VTH is applied to make the liquid crystal dot, RM becomes an illuminating resistance, VM becomes almost equal to VD, and most of the applied voltage is applied to the liquid crystal. After that, when the voltage drops below VTR, RM becomes very high, and VM is held at the ON voltage set by capacitor ff1cL and discharged with the time constant of CL and RL. Further, when the liquid crystal is not lit, only a potential lower than that of the VTR is applied, so VM is almost at the 0 position. Therefore, like the active matrix in Figure 4, the voltage for lighting is VM
The duty can be increased because the data is held in the capacity fiCL as follows.

In this case as well, the liquid crystal driving electrodes shown in FIG. 557 and FIG. 6 65 correspond to the color filters and function as shutters for light. Also, the feature of this nonlinear element is that its structure is
In fact, the driving method is the conventional simple 1/8 or 1/8 drive method.
This method may be the same as the dynamic drive method of No. 16, and although this method is suitable for graphic display, gradation display is also possible. One method is to set the voltage level applied from the X line continuously, similar to the active matrix, and the other method is to drive by dividing in time.

There are roughly two driving methods for gradation display. 1
The first method is an active matrix method using thin film transistors (TF'r'), and as shown in Figure 4, continuous gradation is obtained by applying a voltage corresponding to the gradation, that is, the contrast, to the data line. It is. A voltage signal corresponding to this gradation is obtained by sampling/holding the image signal, and is performed in a dot-sequential manner. The other method is used for high duty ratio dynamic driving, and the gray scale is obtained by the width of the driving pulse.
If the selection period is divided into, for example, 16 periods, and one period is defined as one gradation, 16 gradations are obtained. This pulse width modulation method is a sequential drive U1 method. When another liquid crystal panel, that is, a nonlinear element is used in the present invention, it can be driven in two ways: line sequential driving and dot sequential driving. This driving method will be explained again.

The switching elements and nonlinear elements used in the present invention are constructed on a glass substrate and serve as the upper liquid crystal drive electrode.
The other glass substrate on which the filter is formed constitutes the lower liquid crystal drive electrode.

This is due to 911 in FIG. 2. Forming elements directly on the filter not only deteriorates the filter characteristics, but also
This is because it becomes a factor that lowers the yield. In order to avoid this, there are two methods: constructing an element on the electrode glass 32 as shown in Fig. 3 and bonding it to the filter section below to form a lower electrode, or first constructing a switching element or a nonlinear element on the glass substrate. There is a method of structuring and then forming a filter layer.

FIG. 9 shows an example of the structure of the display panel of the present invention.

(A) is a cross-sectional view in which a switching element or a nonlinear element is formed on a glass substrate 90 as an upper electrode to form a drive electrode 97. Also, a glass substrate 91 is used as a lower electrode.
Second, color filter 92. 93. 94, and a liquid crystal drive electrode 96 is formed with a protective film 95 interposed therebetween. Thereafter, the liquid crystal layer 98 is sandwiched between the two glass substrates 90.degree. 91, a polarizing plate 99 is attached above or below, and light is irradiated from above or below. At this time, the problem is the gap between the filters or between the drive electrodes, and if light gets around to these areas, the reproducibility of beautiful colors will be poor. For example, if the light is transmitted from below, if the liquid crystal When the shutter is closed, light that has passed through the gap in the filter leaks through the gap in the drive electrode. One way to prevent this is to use a negative type liquid crystal (a type that does not transmit pupil light to which no voltage is applied). Therefore, in this method, light is always blocked from the gap between the drive electrodes 97. Another method is to provide a black frame in the gap between the filters as shown in FIG.

Moreover, if both are used together, the effect will be further doubled. Light smearing occurs when the shutter opens and light passes through. For example, when only the shutter on the red filter 92 is open,
Light from the edges of the directional filter 94 and the green filter 93 on both sides of the red filter wraps around and leaks from the shutter on the red filter, which also reduces color reproducibility. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to form the color filter larger than the effective shutter section of the liquid crystal. For example, for a mosaic filter as shown in FIG. 9(b), the active matrix drive electrode 97 is made small. In addition, (c) No. 14 <In the example of a nonlinear element, the intersection of the lower liquid crystal drive electrode 96 and the upper liquid crystal drive electrode 97 becomes the effective shutter part, but the size of this effective shutter part is determined by the color of the stripe type. Make it smaller than the filter.

The same is true for mosaic filters.

The display method of such a color liquid crystal display requires a large ratio of transmittance when the liquid crystal shutter is open and when it is closed. In the case of a normal TN display, two polarizing plates are arranged above and below the display panel, and the planes of polarization are aligned so that it becomes a positive type. In this case, the transmittance ratio of the shutter is determined by the polarizing plates, which is the ratio between when the polarization directions of the two polarizing plates are in the v-line and when the polarization directions are perpendicular. Actually, this ratio is about 10 to 50 in this polarizing plate. Alternatively, if you use a gate-host liquid crystal, you only need one polarizing plate, so first
The brightness is twice as bright as that of liquid crystal, and at the same time, the transmittance ratio is determined by the liquid crystal material, so it can be made larger. For example, a guest-host liquid crystal containing a black dye normally blocks light well and is also quite transparent when a voltage is applied, with a transmittance ratio exceeding 50. Furthermore, a positive type guest-host liquid crystal has better stability and reliability than a negative type, and also has a lower driving voltage, and at the same time, a positive type has a better transmittance ratio, which is necessary for the present invention. Positive-type liquid crystals are better at eliminating wraparound, bleeding, and leakage of light, and in this respect, guest-host positive-type liquid crystals are most suitable for the color display of the present invention. In particular, panels with black pigments have the best reproducibility of the three primary colors.

FIG. 10 shows an example of the filter arrangement and driving method of the color liquid crystal display of the present invention using the dot sequential method. The three primary color filters 106 are arranged in a stripe shape in the Y direction, and the driving electrodes on the filter side are It exists in a line or solid form in the same direction as the filter. Further, some of the electrodes 105 are separated for each pixel in the X direction (the drawings are simplified and shown as connected). The shift register 101 outputs Sn from Sl by the clock input φ5, and the transistor 1
This is a point-sequential method in which video signal VS is sequentially sent to X1 to X0 by sequentially turning on 04. Also, shift register 102
sequentially selects Y1 to Y by clock φ4.

The three color signals VSR, VSB, and VSG are clocked from φ1 to
It is switched for each line of Y by φ3, and φ1.
φ2. φ3 has the same pulse width as φine, and the pulse period is three times that of φ4. The feature of this method is that the color filter is striped in the Y direction, so the switching frequency of the color signal can be slow, so the number of lines in the Y direction can be increased, the display resolution is good, and high quality color images can be reproduced. .

FIG. 11 shows an example in which striped color filters 116 are arranged in the X direction using the dot sequential method as in FIG. It feels natural.

The shift register 112 sequentially selects the drive electrodes 115 based on the signals Y1 to Y. While any one of the drive electrodes 115 is selected, the shift register 111 sequentially selects filter groups R, G, and B as one unit.

Furthermore, R, G, B selection clock manual operation, φ2. φ3 is a signal obtained by further dividing the clock φ5 into three phases, and in synchronization with this selection clock, each color signal VSR, VSG, and VSB is selected one by one and guided to the X drive line. In this method, the video signal line is connected to the sample-and-hold switch 113 in 3x parallel according to each color, so the frequency of the transfer lock φ5 of the shift register 111 can be 1/3 the frequency for the same number of dots. This has the advantage that the power consumption of the shift register can be reduced and that the shift register can be used within a margin of operating speed.

Figure 12 is an example of a color filter in which the colors R, G, and B are arranged in a mosaic manner, and each pixel has R, G.

Three colors, B, are assigned, and in this example, R, G, and B are shifted one pitch to the left in each row so as to form a downward-left pattern.

Each pixel shown here is driven by X and Y line wiring on the glass surface, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, for example. The Y-side shift register 122 outputs a signal for sequentially selecting Y lines Y + -Y- in response to a clock YCL. On the other hand, the shift register 121 on the X side turns on the gate of the sample hold transistor 123 by sequentially outputting S L "S n within the selection period of one line on the Y side.
Then, the output of the video signal Vs is sequentially sampled and held on the X lines X1 to XI. In this way, a video signal is transmitted to each pixel to form an image. video signal V
Since s is the original signals VSR, VSB, and V3G of each color that are multiplexed by 1 using clocks φ1 to φ3,
These clocks φ1 to φ3 must always correspond to the color of the color filter placed in each pixel. For example, when the Yl line is selected, the S+ signal is output at the same time as φ1, but the Y2 line When selecting φ2, it must be done at the same time as φ2. This means that R pixels have 12VSR,
This is because the data of the VSG video signal is used for the pixels. FIG. 13 shows this operation, and includes a circuit that shifts the phase of the color signal multiplex clocks φ1 to φ3 line by line. FIG. 14 shows a specific example of a circuit for shifting this phase, and FIG. 15 shows its operating waveform.

The 1/3 frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V, and the 1/3 frequency divider 143 is reset by the vertical synchronizing signal V.

Output Q2. The 1/3 frequency divider 142 performs a 1/3 frequency division based on the X line clock XCL, but each time the horizontal synchronization signal is input, the values of Q and Q are loaded (preset) into the counter, so the values of Q, , Q4 are shifted in phase every YCL I clock, and as a result, the circuit shown in FIG. 12 can correctly apply each color video signal to each R, C, and B pixel.

FIG. 16 shows an example in which filters are arranged in a mosaic pattern.

Red filter 161, green filter 162, blue filter 16
3, an own filter 164 is added to form one block, and a plurality of blocks are arranged in a matrix. This white filter uses a red filter and a green filter to solve the problem that when the transmittance of light to the filter is low, the light passes through all three filters (red, green, and blue), that is, the white color does not come out clearly. In addition to the three types of color filters (blue filter), if the transparent part is configured as a white filter and controlled by the brightness signal SW of the video signal, the brightness will improve, the white reproducibility will be good, and the overall Brightness is improved. In this case, the driving method in the χ direction is selected by a shift register in units of filter blocks, and operates in the same manner as in FIG. 11. Further, the Y direction is selected by the shift register 166, and half frequency φ1 synchronized with clock φ3 and (62i, m J
: ') V S R to V S B, V S G
and V SW are connected alternately.

FIG. 17 is a detailed explanation of the above-mentioned method of using voltage amplitude to obtain gradations.
Apply to the line. On the other hand, as a characteristic of liquid crystal, the applied voltage-contrast C curve is as shown in (b), so if it is used within the range of ΔV, it is possible to drive with gradation. Of course, even better gradations can be reproduced by performing gamma correction and voltage correction according to the liquid crystal material.

The method of obtaining gradation based on voltage levels shown here is mainly applied to matrix drive methods using thin film transistors and nonlinear elements, while the drive time, or pulse width modulation method, is applicable to high duty multiplex methods, Used to drive a matrix using nonlinear elements.

FIG. 18 shows the JfJ configuration of a color image display panel using the pulse width modulation method, and FIG. 19 shows its operating waveform. The color filters 186 are arranged in a mosaic pattern downward to the right. The drive electrode is, for example, a high-duty multiplex system, and if there is an X line on the lower glass substrate,
The Y lines are arranged on the upper glass substrate in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 9(C), and the color filters are present on either the X or Y electrode side. Video signal of each color V
3R.

VSG and VSB are clocks φ that play the same role as in Figure 12.
It is multiplexed by φ3 and the 4-bit A
/D converter 187, and its conversion output Dθ~D3
is shifted by the shift register 180 during one selection on the Y side, and is taken into the latch 181 by the latch pulse LP. Then, this 4-bit data selects time bases TBo to TB3, forms pulses according to the signals, and is outputted to X lines X1 to Xn by the driver 183. - side Y side is 1 by shift register 184
The lines are sequentially selected and a selection signal is output by the driver 185. In FIG. 19, one frame consists of a positive A field and a negative B field, and one selection period TSE
The width of the drive pulse is chosen to be within L. For example, when the gradation is 0, Xi (0), when the gradation is 7, it is Xl (7), and when the gradation is 15, it is X
It becomes like l(15).

In a high-duty multiplex system or a matrix drive system using nonlinear elements, the Y-side lines are formed by separating drive electrodes from each line, but in a matrix drive system using thin film transistors (TPT), Y-side lines are formed by separating the drive electrodes. The lines are also formed on the same substrate as the X side, so the liquid crystal drive electrode on the opposite side is made of ITO, and a transparent drive electrode film such as a Nesa film is present in a solid manner over the entire surface. Therefore, when a TPT panel is configured as shown in FIG. 9, a transparent film covers the entire surface of the color filter layer without any gaps. As a result, the dyed layer of the color filter and the liquid crystal layer do not interact and reduce the reliability of both.

This is because this transparent film completely shields both from each other, and this is a great advantage for TPT panels to form a transparent conductive film that also serves as a passivation film on the color filter layer.

In actual color display, resolution can be a big problem, but we will discuss a means to improve the resolution by arranging color filters in a mosaic pattern.

FIG. 20 is a basic conceptual diagram showing the pixel arrangement of the present invention.

(a) is a method of shifting every other step by half a pitch in the X direction, and (b) is a method of shifting every other step by a half pitch in the Y direction. Since the resolution of pixels in this arrangement improves in diagonal directions, diagonal lines do not appear unnatural in graphics even in monochrome, and a considerable visual resolution can be obtained even with the smallest number of pixels.

Also, when making multicolors, considering that R, G, and B color filters are arranged in a plane, R, G.

Since B is repeatedly arranged at each vertex of the triangle, even in color graphics, a fairly satisfactory vine decomposition fji can be realized with a small number of pixels.

FIG. 21 is an application example of the multiplex driving method of the present invention. To achieve the arrangement shown in FIG. 20(a), wire the X electrodes by shifting them by half a pitch every other row. Here, the X electrode and the Y electrode are usually made of transparent conductive electrodes, and if necessary, a wiring material of a minute width made of a metal thin film may be arranged in order to lower the wiring resistance.

FIG. 22(A) shows an arrangement method for improving resolution according to the present invention using TPT. Data lines 213-21
5. Consisting of gate lines 210 to 212, odd-numbered columns have a normal arrangement of transistors 216 and pixel electrodes 217, while even-numbered columns have data lines 214, transistors 219, 222, and pixel electrodes 221. , 223, and are substantially shifted by half a pitch. In this example, the wiring material of the data lines 213 to 215 and the drive electrode 217°2
20. When 221 and 223 are formed in the same layer or on the same layer, if the structure allows the data line and the drive electrode to overlap, the transistor 225 is formed as shown in FIG. 22 (b). Even though it is shifted by half a pitch as a single,
The pixel electrode 224 may also be shifted as it is.

No. 23 is another specific example of the present invention using TPT,
This is a method in which the data lines 230 to 232 are arranged in a zigzag pattern and shifted by half a pitch. The purpose of this method is that the pixel configurations of the areas shifted by half a pitch and those not shifted by a half pitch are completely the same, and the unnaturalness caused by shifting by half a pitch is eliminated.

In Fig. 24, gate lines 263 to 265 are arranged in a zigzag pattern.
This is a method of shifting the drive electrodes by half a pitch.

FIG. 25 shows yet another example of arrangement using TPT. Drivers 270-273 are data lines 277°279.281
, 283, and the data lines 278, 2
80 and 282 are alternately connected to the right or left for each line of the Y-side scan by switches 274 to 276. For example, gate line 284 turns on TPT, switch 274
~276 is pixel 289 and 290,29 when falling to the left
The same data is written in pairs of 1 and 292, respectively. Next, the gate line 284 turns the TPT OFF, the gate line 285 turns the TPT ON, and the switches 274 to 276 fall to the right.
The same data is written in each pair of 98 and 299,
The method shown in FIG. 20 (a) can be realized.

Figure 26 shows data lines (X lines) 311, 312.31
3 is wired in a zigzag pattern, so it is still the 20th
The configuration is shown in Figure (a).

As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed thereon, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and a plurality of color filters. The plurality of color filters consisted of four types of color filters: a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter, and an own filter, and the 4111 lfi color filter constituted one block, and a plurality of the blocks were arranged in a matrix. As a result, in video display, the white display area becomes whiter and the screen becomes brighter. Furthermore, in the case of a multiplex-driven binary display, ′
Three conventional red filters, green filters, and blue filters
While a combination of different types of color filters can only display 8 colors, the 14-position liquid crystal display of the present invention can easily display 18 colors by combining a white filter, a red filter, a green filter, and a blue 0 filter. This has the special effect of being made possible by the configuration of the external drive circuit.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of the present invention. 1.2... Substrate 3... Element section 4.5... Liquid crystal drive electrode 6... Protective film 7... Liquid crystal body 8, 9. 10...Color filter FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a color filter used in the present invention. 20.30... Substrate 21... Black frame 22.23, 24.31... Filter section 25.34.
. . . Protective film 26. 33 . . . Transparent conductive film 32 . . . Thin substrate FIGS. 49...S i M membrane transistor Figure 5 (a),
(B), FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing examples of nonlinear elements used in the present invention. 62...MIN element 67.68.69...Si thin film diode box Figure 7 shows the V-I characteristic of the nonlinear element, and Figure 8 is its driving equivalent circuit diagram. FIGS. 9A, 9B, and 9C are diagrams showing an example of the configuration of a color display device of the present invention. 90.91...Substrate 92, 93.94...Filter 95...Protection 96.97...if product drive ff1I] Electrode 98...
Liquid crystal 99...polarizing plate FIGS. 10, 11, 12, 16, and 18 are diagrams showing examples of arrangement and driving of color filters in the color display device of the present invention. 13 is an operation waveform diagram of FIG. 12, and FIG. 14 is a diagram of clocks φI, φ2 . FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of a generating circuit for φ3, and FIG. 15 is an operating waveform diagram thereof, and FIG. 19 is an operating waveform diagram of FIG. 18. 101.102,111,112,121°122,
180. 184...Shift register VSR...Red video signal V2O...Green video signal VSB...Blue video signal VSW...Brightness signal Figure 17 (a) and (b) show the relationship between the liquid crystal display and the applied voltage level. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between contrast characteristics and a sample-and-hold operation of a video signal. FIGS. 20A and 20B are diagrams showing the basic configuration of a high-resolution pixel (drive electrode) of the present invention. FIG. 25 is a side view of realizing a high-resolution pixel of the present invention using the thin film transistor. FIG. 26 shows an aspect of realizing a high-resolution pixel of the present invention using a nonlinear element. that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates each having an electrode formed thereon, a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, and a plurality of color filters, the plurality of color filters include a red filter, a green filter, A liquid crystal display device comprising four types of color filters, a blue filter and a white filter, each of which constitutes one block, and a plurality of blocks arranged in a matrix.