JPH0157246B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating organic industrial waste through pyrolysis, and more particularly to a pyrolysis apparatus that takes into consideration system, structural, and operational safety. It is.

Conventionally, in the treatment of polymer-based industrial waste such as plastics and rubber, the waste is generally put into an incinerator and burned in the primary burner, and the generated smoke is burned in the secondary burner to blacken the waste. Smoke and odors are removed, and dust is collected and neutralized using an exhaust gas treatment device before being released into the atmosphere. These devices require a large amount of fuel for incineration and are incinerated at high temperatures, which causes significant damage to the refractories in the furnace body, and also has disadvantages such as the inability to produce any by-products.

In order to improve this, the waste is thermally decomposed by dry distillation to extract the combustible substances contained in the treated material, and oil,
It is known to decompose it into gas and use it as fuel. That is, rotary kiln method,
There are methods for treating waste by thermal decomposition, such as the agitation flow method and the retort method, but both require large-scale equipment.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel pyrolysis device for organic waste that is relatively small-scale and takes into account safety in terms of system, structure, and operation. shall be.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The drawing is a system diagram of the present invention, in which an airtight pot 1 is installed inside a combustion chamber, and an inner pot 19 for taking in and taking out waste is placed inside the airtight pot, so that it has a structure that can be freely sealed. .

2 is an oil-water condensing cooler, in which cooling water circulates from the lower part of the outer periphery to the upper part, and the lower part of the cooler 2 and the airtight pot 1 are communicated by a pipe 1a including a flexible tube. , near the outlet of the airtight pot,
A water seal valve 9 is provided for mechanically discharging high pressure gas. Note that 2a is the cooling water inlet, 2b
is the cooling water outlet.

The lower surface of the oil-water condensing cooler 2 communicates with an oil-water separation and settling tank 15, which will be described later, so that the oil-water mixture condensed and separated within the cooler 2 flows therein.
On the other hand, the lower side of the cooler 2 communicates with the lower stage of the packed neutralization washing tower 4 through the gas-liquid separator 3, and the oil and water contained in the generated gas that is separated in the cooler 2 and contains some oil and water. is completely separated by the gas-liquid separator 3, and only the gas component flows into the neutralization washing tower 4.

The packed neutralization washing tower 4 is filled with a filling material such as stainless steel, porcelain, or plastic in the middle lower part thereof, and the separated gas is efficiently washed by showering the washing liquid sent from the neutralization liquid supply tank 14 via the pump P. After being thoroughly washed, water is separated by a mist separator provided at the upper stage, and neutralization cleaning is performed while the separated gas passes through the neutralization washing tower 4.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a gas separator, one of which communicates with the neutralization washing tower 4 to completely separate the separated gas sent from the washing liquid, and the other of which opens into the combustion chamber via a surging tank 7, which will be described later. The separated gas is combusted within the combustion chamber.

The surging tank 7 includes neutralization washing towers 4 to 1.
An upper and lower limit pressure switch 10 is provided to detect the pressure of the generated gas line communicating with the secondary burner 8, and the secondary burner 12 and surging tank 7 provided outside the combustion chamber are equipped with a solenoid valve that opens and closes the secondary burner. 12a is communicated with the flow rate regulating valve 7a, and the solenoid valve 12a is connected to the solenoid valve 1 when the pressure of the generated gas line increases and the upper limit pressure switch 10 is activated.
2a is activated, excess gas is automatically ignited and burned in the secondary burner 12, and when the pressure in the generated gas line drops, a lower limit pressure switch is activated to extinguish the fire.

Furthermore, an emergency release control valve 11 consisting of a pressure switch, a solenoid valve, etc. is installed in the generated gas line near the neutralization washing tower 5, so that when abnormal pressure is generated in the generated gas line, excess gas is combusted in the secondary burner. When a pressure that cannot be handled is generated, the pressure switch detects the abnormal pressure and opens the solenoid valve to release the gas to the atmosphere, keeping the pressure in the generated gas line below a certain pressure, and turning on the primary and secondary burners. It is designed not to interrupt combustion.

In the above, the water seal valve 9 operates mechanically when the line pressure exceeds, and works reliably even at low pressure, and has a structure that allows it to cope with sudden pressure changes. The pressure switch 10 of the surging tank 7 does not require energization.
It can be activated when the emergency release control valve 11 does not operate due to a power outage, etc., or when a failure occurs.
If there is no failure due to corrosion, etc., and if some kind of blockage occurs in the line from the airtight pot 1 to the mist separator 5, and abnormal pressure is generated on the higher pressure side than the blockage position, that is, on the side of the airtight pot 1, the generated gas will be It is released from the water seal valve 9.

In other words, as a whole system, when the internal pressure in the line rises above the design pressure due to generated gas, the pressure switch 10 of the surging tank 7 operates as a primary safety device, and the excess gas is burned in the secondary burner 12. When abnormal pressure occurs in the generated gas line and cannot be completely extinguished by the primary pressure switch 10 of the surging tank, the emergency release control valve 11 acts as a secondary safety device and releases the excess pressure into the atmosphere. As mentioned above, the water seal valve 9 is configured to act as a tertiary safety device when there is an accident with the pressure switch 10 or the emergency release control valve.

Further, the airtight pot 1 is equipped with a pre-purge device/after-purge device 13 consisting of an upper and lower limit pressure switch, a solenoid valve, a buzzer (not shown), etc.
Before work, fill the line with nonflammable gas such as _N2 gas to check for gas leaks from the airtight line, and after work, fill the same gas into the line to check for flammable gas from the airtight line. It is now possible to check gas emissions.

On the other hand, the separation sedimentation tank 15 is a first stage water seal tank and a second stage water seal tank.
It consists of a stage sedimentation tank and an attached oil tank 16,
Fill the first stage water seal tank with water and seal it.
The mixture of oil and water condensed in the oil-water condensing cooler 2 is
Overflow from the first stage water sealing tank flows into the second stage settling tank, where the oil and water are naturally separated and settled. After separation, only the separated oil is removed, the settling tank, and the valve attached to the oil tank are operated. Accordingly, heavy oil or light oil can be selected and put into the oil tank 16, and a drain valve for discharging water is provided at the bottom of the tank. This oil tank 16 and
The separately provided auxiliary fuel tank 18 includes an oil pump P and an oil/water separator or emulsion device 17 that separates oil and water to prevent incomplete combustion.
It is communicated with the primary burner 8 via. Note that air pipes from the combustion blower 20 communicate with the primary burner 8 and the secondary burner 12 through respective valves.

The present invention is constructed as described above, and the treated materials such as industrial waste such as plastics and rubber are put into the inner pot 19 of the airtight pot 1, the airtight pot is sealed, and the oil tank 6 and the auxiliary fuel are Using the fuel from the tank 18 etc., air is sent from the combustion blower 20 to combust and heat the primary burner, and the processed material begins to decompose, and the generated gas passes through the pipe 1a to the lower part of the oil-water condensing cooler 2. The oil and water in the gas flow through the cooler while being cooled, and during that time the oil and water in the gas are liquefied and become a mixture of oil and water from the bottom surface of the oil-water condensing cooler 2, and enter the oil-water separation and precipitation tank 15. While the oil is fed and passes through the water seal tank of the separation sedimentation tank and the sedimentation tank, oil and water are separated in the sedimentation tank, and after separation, only the separated oil is sent to the oil tank 16. In this case, as described above, heavy oil or light oil can be selected and put into the oil tank 16 by operating the valve. On the other hand, while the gas that does not liquefy when cooled at room temperature passes through the gas-liquid separator 3, any remaining oil and water in the gas is completely separated, and the separated oil and water are introduced into the oil-water separation and precipitation tank 15. , only the gas component flows into the packed neutralization washing tower 4. While the inflowing gas passes through the neutralization washing tower 4, it comes into contact with the alkaline neutralization washing solution by the filling material and is washed, and is washed into the mist separator 5.
After the atomized moisture is removed, the separated gas passes through a gas separator 6, where it is completely separated from the cleaning liquid, passes through a surging tank 7, reaches a primary burner 8, and is burned in a combustion chamber. In this case, the gas has been cleaned to remove toxicity and odors.
The risk of pollution can be prevented. Further, the separated oil can be used in the primary burner from the oil tank 16 at any time, but since it is burned through an oil-water separator or the like, it is possible to prevent bad odors caused by black smoke or incomplete combustion.

As mentioned in the description of the structure, a remarkable feature of the present invention is that it is equipped with a three-stage safety device. In other words, when waste is thermally decomposed to extract the combustible substances it contains, separated into gas and oil, and used as fuel, a safety device is activated when the internal pressure in the generated gas line rises above a specified pressure during work. First, the pressure switch 10 of the surging tank operates to burn excess gas in the secondary burner, and as a secondary safety device when abnormal pressure occurs in the generated gas line and cannot be handled by the pressure switch 10. The emergency release control valve 11 operates to release the amount exceeding the limit into the atmosphere to prevent accidents such as explosions. Therefore, when there is a sudden pressure change inside the device, when the primary and secondary safety devices do not operate due to a power outage, or when something happens in the line from the airtight pot 1 to the mist separator 5. When such blockage occurs and abnormal pressure occurs, the mechanically operated water seal valve 9 is activated to prevent accidents such as explosions.

As is clear from the above description, the apparatus of the present invention effectively utilizes the combustible substances contained in the organic waste as a heat source to prevent pollution such as bad odors and harmful gas emissions. Well, also,
Three stages of safety devices are systemically incorporated into the equipment to function in sequence, taking structural safety into consideration, and pre-purge and after-purge devices are also incorporated to ensure operational safety. This provides a useful pyrolysis device with reasonable safety features.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a system diagram of the device of the present invention. 1... Airtight pot, 2... Oil-water condensing cooler, 3...
Gas-liquid separator, 4... Packed neutralization washing tower, 5... Mist separator, 6... Gas separator, 7
... Surging tank, 8 ... Primary burner, 9
... Water seal valve, 10 ... Surging tank pressure switch, 11 ... Emergency release control valve, 12 ... Secondary burner, 12a ... Secondary burner solenoid valve, 1
3... Pre-purge and after-purge device, 14...
... Neutralization liquid supply tank, 15 ... Oil-water separation sedimentation tank, 16
... Oil tank, 17 ... Oil-water separator or emulsion device, 18 ... Auxiliary fuel tank.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An airtight pot installed in the combustion chamber and having an inner pot for taking in and taking out waste is connected to an oil-water condensing cooler, and a water seal valve is attached to the outlet of the air-tight pot, and the oil-water condensing cooler is connected to an oil-water separation sedimentation tank. At the same time, the neutralization washing tower is connected to a neutralization washing tower containing a mist separator via a gas-liquid separator, and the neutralization washing tower is connected to a neutralization washing tower which has a mist separator built in therein. It is equipped with a pressure switch that detects overpressure in the gas communication pipe to the secondary burner and operates a solenoid valve of the secondary burner outside the combustion chamber, and communicates with the primary burner via a surging tank that communicates with the solenoid valve, An emergency release control valve is installed in the gas communication pipe near the neutralization washing tower to discharge excess pressure when abnormal pressure occurs in the gas communication pipe. The auxiliary oil tank is connected to the primary burner via a pump and oil/water separator, and is equipped with a pre-purge and after-purge device consisting of an upper and lower limit pressure switch and a solenoid valve in an airtight chamber, and is connected to the primary burner and secondary burner. This organic waste pyrolysis equipment consists of a combustion blower that uses separated gas and separated oil as a heat source for combustion.