JPS59206088A - Thermal decomposition apparatus of organic waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent discharge of malodor and harmful gas and to improve safety by operating an emergency blowout control valve to blow out generated gas into external atmosphere when abnormally elevated pressure generated in the produced gas line can not be coped with a pressure controlling device. CONSTITUTION:Industrial wastes are charged to an internal kettle 19 in an air- tight chamber 1 and burnt by hating with a primary burner using the fuel supplied from an oil tank 6 or an auxiliary fuel tank 18, etc. The wastes are decomposed and the generated gas flows through a pipe 1a to the bottom of a condenser 2 for water contg. oil. The condensate is then transferred to a settling tank 15 for separating oil from water, and the oil is separated from water while the condensate passes a water sealing tank and a precipitation tank. Separated oil alone is transferred to an oil tank 16. The gas unliquefied by the cooling at ordinary temp. passes through a gas/liquid separator 3, and the gas alone flows into a packed neutralizing scrubber 4, where the gas is washed by contacting with neutralization washing liquid and then supplied to a primary burner 8 via a mist separator 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating organic industrial waste by thermal decomposition, and its details are as follows: This relates to a decomposition device.

Conventionally, in the treatment of polymer-based industrial waste such as plastics and rubber, the waste is generally put into an incinerator and burned in the primary burner, and the generated smoke is burned in the secondary burner to blacken the waste. Smoke and bad odors are removed, dust is collected and neutralized using an exhaust gas treatment device, and a large amount of fuel is required, and since the incineration is performed at high temperatures, the refractories in the furnace body are extremely damaged, and the incineration process results in small pieces. Nodame has drawbacks such as the inability to remove any by-products.

In order to improve this problem, it is known that the waste is thermally decomposed using soft parts to extract the combustible substances contained in the treated material, decomposed into oil and gas, and used as fuel. That is, there are methods for treating waste by thermal decomposition, such as a rotary kiln method, an agitation flow method, and a retort method, but all of these methods require large-scale equipment.

Unexploded 8J-IIf'i provides a new pyrolysis equipment for organic waste that is relatively small-scale and takes into account safety in terms of system, structure, and minor operations. The purpose is to do something.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The drawing is a system diagram of the present invention, and the airtight pot ILL has an inner pot (19) that can be put in and taken out, and has a structure that can be freely sealed.

(2) is an oil-water condensing cooler, in which cooling water circulates from the lower part of the outer periphery to the upper part, and the cooler (2)
The lower part of the airtight pot III is a pipe (1a) containing a flexible tube.
A water seal valve (9) for mechanically releasing high-pressure gas is attached near the outlet of the airtight pot. Note that (2a) is a cooling water inlet, and (2b) is a cooling water outlet.

The bottom surface of the oil-water condensing cooler (2)
1 is in communication with the settling tank (15), and the oil-water mixture that has been condensed and separated in the cooler (2) flows therein, while the lower side of the cooler (2) is connected to the gas-liquid mixture. It communicates with the lower stage of the packed neutralization washing tower (4) through the parallel vessel (3), and the cooler (
2) The oil and water in the generated gas, which contains some oil and water, is completely separated in the gas-liquid separator (3), and only the gas component directly flows into the neutralization and cleaning tower (4). There is.

Inside the combustion chamber, the airtight pot is filled with filler materials such as (3) stainless steel, porcelain, and plastic.
After the separated gas is efficiently washed by a shower of washing liquid sent from the neutralizing liquid supply tank (14) via the pump (P), water is separated by a mist separator provided at the upper stage, Neutralization cleaning is performed while the separated gas passes through a neutralization cleaning tower (4).

(6) is a gas separator, one of which communicates with the neutralization washing tower (4) and completely separates the separated gas sent from the washing liquid, and the other of which communicates with the neutralization washing tower (4) and completely separates the sent separation gas from the washing liquid, and the other is connected to the surging tank (7) described later. a primary burner (8) opening into the combustion chamber through
The separated gas is combusted within the combustion chamber.

The surging tank (7) contains 1 from the neutralization washing tower (4).
A lower limit pressure switch (lO) is provided to detect the pressure of the generated gas line communicating with the secondary burner (8), and the secondary burner (12) and surging tank (7) installed outside the combustion chamber are connected. The secondary burner is opened and closed in the filling type neutralization washing tower (4), and the solenoid valve (12a) is connected to the upper limit pressure switch ( 10) When the solenoid valve (
12a) is activated and excess gas is sent to the secondary burner (+2)
It automatically ignites and burns, and when the pressure in the generated gas line drops, a lower limit pressure switch is activated to extinguish the fire.

Furthermore, an emergency release control valve (11) consisting of a pressure switch, a solenoid valve, etc. is installed in a location near the neutralization cleaning tower (5) in the generated gas line to prevent abnormal pressure from occurring in the generated gas line.
When a pressure that makes it impossible to burn excess gas in the secondary burner occurs, a pressure switch detects the abnormal pressure and opens a solenoid valve to release the gas to the atmosphere, keeping the pressure in the generated gas line below a certain pressure. , so as not to interrupt the combustion of the primary and secondary burners.

In the above, the water seal valve (9) operates mechanically when the line pressure exceeds, and works reliably even at low pressure, and does not need to be changed due to sudden pressure changes, so the surging tank (9) is operated mechanically. 7) can be activated when the pressure switch (10) or emergency release control valve (11) does not operate due to a power outage, etc., or when a failure occurs, and there is no failure due to single-acting, and the airtight pot 11 ) than the mist separator (
When some kind of blockage occurs in the line leading to step 5), and abnormal pressure occurs on the higher pressure side than the point of blockage, that is, on the airtight pot (1) side, the generated gas is released from the water seal valve (9). be.

When the internal pressure in the generated gas sump line rises below the design pressure, the pressure switch of the surging tank (7) is activated as a primary safety device.
Excess gas is burned in the secondary burner (12), and abnormal pressure is generated in the generated gas line, which causes the old emergency release control that cannot be completely extinguished by the primary pressure switch (10) in the surging tank. The valve (11) acts as a secondary safety device and releases the amount exceeding the limit into the atmosphere, and the water seal valve (9)
As mentioned above, the pressure switch (10) is comprised of the pressure switch (10) and the emergency release control valve.

The airtight pot (1) is equipped with a pre-purge and after-purge device (13) consisting of an upper and lower limit pressure switch, a solenoid valve, a buzzer (not shown), etc.
A non-flammable gas such as gas is sealed in the line to check for gas leakage from the airtight line, and after the work has been completed, the same gas is sealed in the line to check for flammable gas emissions from the airtight line. It is now possible to do so.

On the other hand, the separation sedimentation tank (15) consists of a first-stage water-sealing tank, a second-stage settling tank, and an attached oil tank (16).The first-stage water-sealing tank is filled with water in advance and sealed with water. Then, the mixture of oil and water condensed in the oil-water condensing cooler (2) flows from the first-stage water sealing tank to the second-stage settling tank through an overflow port, and oil and water are naturally separated in the settling tank. After precipitation and separation, separated oil alone, sedimentation tank, and heavy oil (7) can be selected and put into the oil tank (16) by operating a valve attached to the oil tank. There is a drain valve at the bottom of the side to release water. This oil tank (16) and a separately provided auxiliary fuel tank (18) are connected to an oil pump (P) and an oil-water separator or emulsion device (17) that separates oil and water to prevent incomplete combustion. ) to the primary burner (8). The primary burner (8) and the secondary burner (12) are connected to air pipes from a combustion blower (20) via butterfly valves, respectively.

The present invention is configured as described above, and the treated material such as industrial waste such as plastics and rubber is put into the inner pot (19) of the airtight chamber (1), the airtight pot is sealed, and the oil tank is closed. (6
), the fuel from the auxiliary fuel tank (18), etc. is used, and the air is sent from the Akatsuki blower (20) to combust and heat the primary burner, and the processed material begins to decompose, and the generated gas is transferred to the pipe ( 1a) through the oil-water condensate cooler (2)
The oil and water in the cooling barrel 8) are liquefied and sent from the bottom of the oil-water condensing cooler (2) to the oil-water separation and precipitation tank (15) as a mixture of oil and water, where they are separated and precipitated. Oil and water are separated in the settling tank while passing through the water sealing tank and settling tank of the tank, and after separation, only the separated oil is transferred to the oil tank (1
6) to be separated. In this case, as described above, heavy oil or light oil can be selected and put into the oil tank (16) by operating the valve.

On the other hand, gases that cannot be liquefied by cooling at room temperature are sent to the gas-liquid separator (3).
While passing through the gas, the oil and water remaining in the gas are completely separated, and the separated oil and water are transferred to an oil and water separation sedimentation tank (15).
Only the gas content is introduced into the neutralization washing tower (4).
flows into. While passing through the neutralization washing tower (4), the inflowing gas is thoroughly contacted with the alkaline neutralization washing solution by the filling material and washed, and the mist water is removed by the mist separator (5). After that, the gas parator (6
), the separated gas is completely separated from the cleaning liquid, passed through the surging tank (7), and is then sent to the primary burner (8), where it is heated to -67 V (- and bad odor. This can prevent the risk of pollution.The strained and separated oil can be used in the primary burner from the oil tank (1G) at any time, or it can be burned through an oil-water molecule LFT device, so it can be burned in black. It can prevent bad odors caused by smoke and incomplete combustion.

As mentioned in the description of the structure, a remarkable feature of the present invention is that it is equipped with a three-stage safety device. In other words, waste is thermally decomposed to extract the combustible substances contained therein and separated into gas and oil.

When using gas as fuel, when the internal pressure in the generated gas line goes below the specified pressure during work, the first thing to do as a safety device is to turn on the pressure switch (
10) works and burns the excess gas in the secondary burner,
Abnormal pressure occurs in the generated gas line, and the two-pressure switch (
When 10) cannot be taken care of, the emergency release control valve (in) operates as a secondary safety device to release the amount exceeding the limit into the atmosphere and prevent accidents such as explosions. Therefore, when there is a sudden pressure change inside the device, a power outage, etc.
A water seal valve that mechanically operates when the next or second safety device fails to operate, or when some kind of blockage occurs in the line from the airtight pot 11) to the mist separator (5) and abnormal pressure occurs. (9) works to prevent accidents such as explosions.

As is clear from the above description, the apparatus of the present invention effectively utilizes the flammable substances contained in organic waste as a heat source and prevents pollution such as bad odors and harmful gas emissions. In addition, the system incorporates three stages of safety devices into the equipment so that they function sequentially, and takes structural safety into consideration, and also incorporates pre-purge and after-purge devices to make it easier to operate. Also, safety is taken into consideration.
It provides a useful pyrolysis device with reasonable safety features.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The drawing is a system diagram of the apparatus of the present invention. 1])・Airtight pot, (2)・・Oil water condensing cooler, (3)・
・Gas-liquid parator-1 (6)...Gas separator-1 (
7) Surging tank, (8) Primary burner, (9) Water seal valve, (]O) Surging tank pressure inch, j++) Emergency release control valve ,
(+2) Secondary burner, (+2a)...Secondary burner solenoid valve, (+3) Pre-purge and after-purge device, (14)...Neutralization liquid supply tank, (15)...Oil-water fraction precipitation Tank, (1G) oil 4s 1, (17)...oil/water separator or emulsion device, (18)...auxiliary fuel tank. Patent applicant: Yamabishi Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An airtight pot installed in the combustion chamber and having an inner pot for taking in and taking out waste is connected to an oil-water condensing cooler, and a water seal valve is attached to the outlet of the airtight pot. , communicates with the settling tank, and also communicates with a neutralization washing tower containing a built-in mist separator via a gas-liquid separator, and the neutralization washing tower
a gas separator, and a pressure switch that detects overpressure in the gas communication pipe from the neutralization washing tower to the primary burner and operates the solenoid valve of the secondary burner outside the combustion chamber before the water seal is activated. The electromagnetic valve is connected to the primary burner via a surging tank, and an abnormal pressure is generated in the gas communication pipe at a position close to the neutralization washing tower. A valve is provided, and the oil tank of the oil-water separation sedimentation tank and the auxiliary oil tank at startup are communicated with the primary burner via a pump and oil-water separator, etc., and the airtight chamber is equipped with an upper and lower limit pressure switch and a solenoid valve. An organic waste pyrolysis device that is equipped with a pre-purge and after-purge device, has a combustion blower communicating with a primary burner and a secondary burner, and uses separated gas and separated oil as a heat source for combustion.