JPH0157188B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a method for producing a fabric with good transparency and suitable for producing various covers and clothing. (Prior technology) Until now, polyvinyl chloride and polyolefin films have been mainly used for covers and clothing that require transparency, but while these are highly transparent, they need to be thick to maintain strength. It had the drawbacks of being heavy and stiff, and having a rough and hard texture. Furthermore, these films have low thermal stability and low dimensional stability, which limits the way they can be used. On the other hand, highly transparent woven and knitted fabrics have coarse structures and have low covering effects. Also, when used for clothing, it is too breathable, so it can be used for ball gowns,
It could only be used for very special purposes, such as wedding dresses. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In view of the above points, the present invention is lightweight, has high strength and dimensional stability, and has excellent transparency that can be set to appropriate flexibility and breathability (windproofness). The present invention provides a textile and a method for manufacturing the same. (Means for Solving the Problems) The transparent fabric according to the present invention is woven using transparent multifilaments made of a high molecular weight polymer and having an aspect ratio of 2 or more.
% or more is filled with transparent resin, which increases the light transmittance.
60% or more, and such transparent fabrics are made by weaving transparent multifilaments made of high-molecular polymers with an aspect ratio of 2 or more, and then by impregnating or coating the fabric with a transparent resin. It is produced by depositing 1% by weight or more and subjecting it to heat treatment. The high molecular weight polymer used in the present invention may include polyamide polymers, polyester polymers, polyolefin polymers, acrylic polymers containing acrylonitrile as a main component, etc., but from the viewpoint of ease of obtaining strength and dimensional stability, Preferred are polyamide polymers such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, and polyester polymers typified by polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. In addition, titanium oxide is generally added to the polymer to suppress the gloss, but it impairs transparency, so 0.5% titanium oxide is added to the polymer.
It is preferably 0.1% or less, and good results can be obtained. In the present invention, the oblateness refers to the long axis L and the short axis L of the cross section of the flat filament, as shown in FIG.
It refers to the ratio of L/l. When the thickness is uneven as shown in FIG. 2, the short axis substantially takes the maximum value (as shown in FIG. 2). Such a filament can be easily obtained by extruding a high molecular weight polymer through a slit-like orifice and winding it up. The flatter the filament used in the present invention is, the better, but the desired result is achieved only when the flatness ratio is 2.
or more, preferably three or more filaments. However, too flat filaments are difficult to industrially produce and difficult to weave, so the flatness ratio is preferably 6 or less. Such a filament is used as a multifilament in order to obtain flexibility, and its denier is generally from 30 to 200 denier, and the denier of the monofilament constituting the multifilament is generally from 1 denier to 10 denier. If the single yarn denier is too thin, light scattering will increase, so it is preferable that the single yarn denier is relatively thick, but if it is too thick, the fabric will become coarse and hard, so it is preferably 2 denier or more and 7 denier or less. In the present invention, when weaving a textile, twisting of the flat filaments should be avoided since this will impair the parallelism between the plane of the textile and the flat plane of the flat filament and cause loss of transparency, but it should be avoided in a moderate amount. Twisting improves the weavability of the fabric. Therefore, if necessary, 150T/
It is best to add a twist of M or less. Transparent resins suitable for applying to textiles and filling the gaps between filaments include polyurethane resins, acrylic resins, fluorine-based resins, silicone resins, vinyl polymer aminoplast resins, polyolefin resins, and the like. Such resins should be used depending on the purpose, but polyurethane resins and certain acrylic resins as described below have excellent film-forming properties, are easy to produce effects even in small amounts, and are highly flexible. It is suitable because it does not easily devitrify even if the surface is rubbed or rubbed. Any of the polyurethane resins normally used as polyurethane elastomers can be used, but in general, a prepolymer is made by reacting an organic diisocyanate with a polyalkylene ether glycol or a polyester having a hydroxyl group at the end, and diamine Those produced by known methods using chain extenders such as , diols and polyols are used. Organic diisocyanates include aromatic, aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon diisocyanates or mixtures thereof, such as tolylene 2,4 diisocyanate, diphenylmethane 4,4' diisocyanate, 1,5
Examples include naphthalene diisocyanate and paraxylene diisocyanate. Examples of polyalkylene ether glycols include polyethylene ether glycol, polypropylene ether glycol, polytetramethylene ether glycol, polyhexamethylene ether glycol, and mixtures and copolymers thereof; examples of polyesters include ethylene glycol, 1,4
Glycols such as aliphatic polyalkylene glycols such as butylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, and hexamethylene glycol, aromatic glycols such as cyclohexanediol, and organic acids such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, and terephthalic acid. A typical example is a polycondensate. As a chain extender, ethylene glycol, 1,4
Butylene glycol, hydrazine, ethylenediamine, methylenedi-o-chloroaniline, etc. are used as polymerization reaction catalysts; triethylamine, triethylenediamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, dibutyltin dilaurate, cobalt naphthenate, etc. are used as necessary. Sometimes it happens. In the case of polyurethane resin, whether the solvent is water or a non-aqueous solvent, it is preferable to dry it with hot air after adhering it to the fabric.So-called wet regeneration not only causes the adhering resin to become porous and does not improve light transmittance. This is not preferable since it may even decrease. Polybutyl acrylate as acrylic resin,
Acrylic acid ester polymers and copolymers containing polyethyl acrylate, polymethyl acrylate, etc. as main components are preferred because of their high flexibility. In addition, methacrylic acid ester polymers and copolymers such as polytertiary butyl methacrylate, polyisobutyl methacrylate, poly n-propyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, and polybutyl methacrylate are effective when a hard texture is desired. . Furthermore, salts with consideration given to hydrophilicity and water solubility, such as copolymers of acrylic esters and methacrylic esters, metal salts, and ammonium salts, may also be used. Aminoplast resin is suitable when it is desired to have as much dimensional stability and hardness as possible. Examples of the aminoplast resin include melamine formaldehyde resin, dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea resin, triazone formaldehyde resin, urea formaldehyde resin, glyoxal resin, and mixtures thereof. Examples of methods for applying resin to textiles include padding methods, dipping methods, coating methods, printing methods, and spraying methods. The dipping method and the padding method are advantageous because they can fill the gaps between the flat filaments on both sides of the fabric with resin. On the other hand, the coating method is also extremely effective in filling the gaps between filaments, since the resin liquid can be used at a high concentration. However, in the case of the coating method (the same applies to other methods of applying resin from one side), the gap between the filaments on only one side of the fabric is filled with resin, so at least the coated side faces the opposite eye side. It is preferable to arrange them as follows. Further, if necessary, different types of resins may be mixed or coating may be applied on top of padding in advance, but it is preferable to take care not to separate during drying and lose transparency. In the case of the present invention, the fixation drying treatment after applying the resin, which causes bubbles in the resin by rapid drying, and the wet regeneration method of polyurethane are not appropriate in the case of the present invention, and relatively mild conditions are used to prevent devitrification. It should be fixed and dried. The thus obtained transparent fabric has the gaps between the single filaments and multifilaments filled with transparent resin, and has a light transmittance of 60% or more, preferably 70%.
% or more. Here, when we say that the gaps between the single filaments are filled with transparent resin, we mean that the gaps between the single filaments are filled with transparent resin to the extent that it is clearly observed that resin is attached to each gap of the single filaments when observed with a scanning electron microscope. Refers to resin being found in the interstices of the filament. Figure 3 is a scanning electron microscope observation photograph of a perspective cross section of the fabric before resin is attached (untreated);
Figure 5 is an observation photograph of 1% and 4% polyurethane resin adhered to a fabric by the padding method, respectively. Comparing FIGS. 4 and 5 with FIG. 3, it is clear that the polyurethane resin fills the gaps between the filaments. In both Figures 4 and 5, there is a part of the filament gap where no adhesion is observed and the shadow of the filament gap is clearly visible, but in the present invention, filling the filament gap means that the filament The shadow of the gap is effectively 50
This refers to a state in which the fabric is filled with resin at a weight ratio of 1% or more, preferably 2% or more.
% or more, such a state is obtained. In order to enhance the design of the fabric of the present invention, the fabric may be dyed in a light color or printed.Fibers other than flat filaments may be interwoven to obtain striped or lattice patterns. You may.
Further, there is no hindrance to applying ordinary finishing treatments to fibers, such as water repellent finishing, antistatic finishing, and softening finishing, to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. (Function) The reason why the fabric of the present invention has a high degree of transparency is considered to be as follows. The woven fabric used in the present invention is made of flat filaments. When the flat filaments are made into a woven fabric, the filaments are pressed by the weave, so naturally the flat surface of the flat filaments is attached to the surface of the woven fabric as shown in Figure 3. As you can see, they are easy to line up in parallel. Therefore, since the light passing through the fabric tends to be directed in a fixed direction, the fabric made of flat filaments has excellent transparency. Furthermore, even if a flat filament is used, light is diffusely reflected at both end portions of the flat filament (portions a in FIG. 1), reducing and disturbing the transmission of light. However, in the case of the present invention, as a result of filling the gap formed by both ends of the flat filament with a transparent resin, diffused reflection is reduced and light transmittance is improved, and at the same time, the irritation of the fabric due to the diffused reflection at both ends of the flat filament is reduced. However, when the gap between the filaments is filled with a transparent resin, the light transmittance improves, but when it increases by 5% or more, the desired effect becomes clear, and when it increases by 7% or more, the effect becomes even more remarkable. (Example) Examples will be described below, and the evaluation and measurements in the examples were performed as follows. Observation by Scanning Electron Microscope As in the photograph in FIG. 5, the resin almost completely filled the gaps between the filaments. Or it is buried and adhered more than that. ◎ The resin fills the gap between the filaments about halfway between Figures 4 and 5. 〇 As shown in Figure 4, the gap between the filaments is filled with resin. × There is no difference from Fig. 3, and not much resin adhesion is observed. Light transmittance: Measuring device: Hitachi, Ltd. 2-wavelength spectrophotometer model 557, light source: halogen lamp 50W (visible range), detector: head-on electron multiplier R375, spectrometer: Zzerny Turner type diffraction grating spectrometer 2 pieces, diffraction grating 600 lines/mm, blaze wavelength 2500Å Measurement method: Measure by attaching the sample directly to one side of the front half of the detector (cylindrical). Calculation method: The amount of light that passed through the sample L _S , the amount of light measured without a sample (only air) L _O for comparison at wavelengths of 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, and 700 nm
The light transmittance of each wave was determined using the following formula and expressed as the average value. Light transmittance (%) = L _S / L _O ×100 Incidentally, when we measured the light transmittance of a JIS standard sieve, it was 5 mesh, opening 4000μ, and void ratio 62.
The value of % was 61.6%. Transparency: Each transparent fabric was pressed against a page of a dictionary and judged by how well the characters (6 points) were legible. 〓 Even the strokes of kanji with many strokes were clearly visible. ◎ I could not clearly see the strokes of kanji with many strokes, but I was able to decipher all the kanji. 〇 Some kanji with many strokes were difficult to decipher, but most of them were legible. × Most of the kana are legible, but there are quite a few kanji that are not. Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate having a titanium oxide content of 0.018% was melt-spun and drawn through a slit-shaped orifice to obtain various flat filaments of 50 d/12 f. Each filament obtained was used for the warp and weft, and was woven without twisting (however, it was twisted at 10T/M during drawing) at a warp density of 106 threads/inch and a weft thread density of 95 threads/inch, and then scouring and heat setting. Various fabrics W ₁ to _{W 4} as shown in Table 1 were obtained.

[Table] Next, a polyurethane aqueous solution prepared as below was applied to the fabrics W-1 to W-4 (squeezing ratio of about 20%).
After drying at 100°C for 3 minutes, curing was performed at 170°C for 2 minutes to obtain various transparent fabrics as shown in Table 2. The amount of polyurethane deposited, the observation results using a scanning electron microscope, and the judgment results of light transmittance and transparency were determined in the second step.
Also shown in the table. Preparation of polyurethane aqueous solution: 60 parts of Elastron D1016 manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., 6 parts of Elastron Catalyst 32, 3 parts of a 5% sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, and 31 parts of water were mixed with stirring.

[Table] As shown above, it can be seen that the fabric of the present invention has excellent transparency. Example 2 Fabric W-4 in Example 1 was padded with various polyurethane solutions prepared at the following ratios, and dried and cured in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain various samples. Table 3 shows the observation results for each sample. It can be seen that the woven fabric of the present invention has excellent transparency.

【table】

【table】

[Table] As shown in Table 3, it can be seen that the samples according to the present invention have excellent transparency. Samples 6, 7, and 8 were softened by passing them through a spiral brake, and the resulting samples were highly flexible and suitable for sports jacket coats. Example 3 77 parts of Elastron D1016, 7.7 parts of Elastron Catalis, sodium bicarbonate (5% aqueous solution)
Polyurethane solution 5 was obtained by stirring and mixing 3.8 parts and 11.5 parts of water. The viscosity of polyurethane solution 5 was 14,000 centipoise at 25°C. Coating polyurethane solution 5 on one side of fabric W-4 using a rotary screen 110
After drying at 160°C for 3 minutes, sample 9 of the present invention was obtained. The polyurethane adhesion rate of Sample 9 was 6%, the light transmittance (when light was applied from the coated side of the sample) was 77.3%, and the transparency was 77.3% when observed using a scanning electron microscope. The light transmittance of Sample 9 measured from the uncoated surface was 74.3%, and the transparency was ◎. Example 4 Acrylic resin solution 1 was prepared by diluting 60 parts of acrylic resin Rikensol TY-4 (manufactured by Miki Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd.) with 40 parts of water, and acrylic resin solution 2 was prepared by diluting 20 parts of the same with 80 parts of water on textile W-4. Samples 10 and 11 of the present invention were obtained by padding at a squeezing rate of about 20%, drying at 100°C for 3 minutes, and curing at 170°C for 2 minutes. Table 4 shows the observation results for samples 10 and 11. It can be seen that samples 10 and 11 have excellent transparency.

[Table] Example 5 Fabric W-4 was immersed in a treatment bath of Asahi Guard AG730 (a fluorine-based water and oil repellent manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) with a solid content of 5%, squeezed to 30% by pick-up, and heated at 120°C for 1 minute. After drying in a tenter dryer, it was passed through a calender heated to 170°C. Next, acrylic ester processing agent (EA20%,
100 parts of per-Crene solution containing 12% acrylic acid ester resin consisting of 68.5% BA, 10% AN and 1.5% 2HEMA) and 5 parts of silicone-based processing agent (liquid consisting of 15% hydrodiene polysiloxane and 85% Per-Crene) A perchlorine solution (viscosity 20,000 cp) containing 2 parts of butylated melamine and 1 part of metal salt catalyst was applied using a floating knife coater at a solid content of 2 g/m ² and dried in a tenter for 1 minute at 120°C.
Heat-treated the sample in a tenter dryer for 1 minute at ℃.
Got 12. The solid content adhesion rate in sample 12 is
It was 3.9%. The observation of sample 12 using a scanning electron microscope is: The light transmittance (light passing through from the coated side) is
The transparency was 75.4%. Example 6 Fabric W-4 was padded with solutions of the following various transparent resins, dried at 100°C for 3 minutes, and then cured at 170°C for 2 minutes to obtain samples 13, 14, and 14 of the present invention.
Got 15, 16. The observation results are shown in Table 5, and it can be seen that all of them have excellent transparency. Silicone resin liquid: A mixed solution of 50 parts of Deitsku Silicone KN Conc (manufactured by Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 50 parts of Catalyst SC100 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink Chemical Co., Ltd.) Fluorine resin liquid: Asahi Guard AG730 (manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) Used without diluting Polyolefin resin liquid: Yodosol PE400 (polyethylene emulsion; manufactured by Kanebo NSC Co., Ltd.) used without dilution Aminoplast resin liquid: Sumitekus Resin M
-6 (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) 45 copies, Sumitex Accelerator ACX (manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
7.5 parts, Emar O (manufactured by Kao Corporation) 0.2 parts, water
Stir and mix 47.8 parts.

[Table] (Effects of the invention) I believe that the usefulness of the present invention has been made clear by the above description, but to summarize once again, the fabric of the present invention has excellent strength and dimensional stability, is lightweight, and has excellent transparency. It is a material suitable for various covers and clothing. Depending on the resin selection and application method, flexibility,
Physical properties such as air permeability can be easily controlled and the range of applications is wide.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of the flat filament, L and l are the major and minor axes for determining the oblateness, and a is the end portion of the flat filament.
Figure 3 shows a woven fabric (cross section) made of flat filaments.
This is a perspective observation photograph taken using a scanning electron microscope.
FIGS. 4 and 5 are similar photographs of the fabric according to the invention, each showing the shape of the fibers.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It is woven using transparent multifilaments made of a high molecular weight polymer and has an aspect ratio of 2 or more, and substantially 50% or more of the gaps between each filament are filled with a transparent resin, so that light can be transmitted. Transparent fabric with a ratio of 60% or more. 2. The woven fabric according to claim 1, which has an aspect ratio of 3 to 6. 3. The textile according to claim 1, wherein the transparent resin is any one of polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, fluorine resin, silicone resin, aminoplast resin vinyl polymer, and polyolefin resin. 4. The fabric according to claim 1, wherein the transparent resin is attached in an amount of 2% by weight or more based on the weight of the fabric. 5. The fabric according to claim 1, which has a light transmittance of 70% or more. 6 After weaving a fabric with a transparent multifilament made of a polymer and having an aspect ratio of 2 or more, a transparent resin is applied to the fabric by a padding method, a printing method, a spraying method,
1. A method for producing a transparent fabric, which comprises adhering the fabric in an amount of 1% by weight or more based on the weight of the fabric by an impregnating method or a coating method, and subjecting the fabric to a fixation drying treatment. 7. The manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the transparent resin is deposited in an amount of 2% by weight or more.