JP4110447B2 - Highly moisture-absorbing / releasing polyester fiber and fabric comprising the same - Google Patents

Description

(nは１〜６の整数)であり、ZはH又はCH3を示し、a及びbはa＋bが０〜５０となるような正の整数、X及びyはX＋yが０〜３０となるような０又は正の整数であり、a＋b＋X＋y≧１０を満足し、Phはフェニレン基を示すものである。
【００１４】
単量体Ａの具体例としては、例えば下記(2)〜(5)の化合物が挙げられる。
【化２】

【００１５】
単量体Ｂとしては、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、スチレンスルホン酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、ビニルスルホン酸、２−アリルオキシ−２−ヒドロキシプロパンスルホン酸、２−アクリルアミド−２−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、２−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、ヒドロキシプロピルメタクリレート等が例示出来る。
【００１６】
単量体Ｃとしては、アジリジン基を１個含む単量体のみでなく２個以上含む単量体も含まれる。
【００１７】
本発明の高吸放湿性ポリエステル繊維の断面形状は特に限定を加えるものではなく、中実断面、中空断面何れも包含され、丸断面糸や三角断面、偏平断面、その他異型断面糸など何れであっても構わない。特に複合紡糸法等により繊維側面に横溝、縦溝を形成させた異型断面糸を使用すると、毛細管現象により水分拡散能がより向上するため好ましい。
更に本発明の高吸放湿性ポリエステル繊維は、短繊維、長繊維或いは長短複合繊維の何れであってもよく、特に異収縮成分を複合させた繊維束とし低熱収縮率繊維を上記の異型断面糸とすると、より本発明の効果が期待出来、好ましい。
【００１８】
また総繊度、単糸繊度、構成単糸本数も特に限定を加えるものではない。異繊度混、異収縮混、異断面混も含有される他、長繊維の場合は、糸長手方向に太細斑を有するシックアンドシン糸を構成原糸の一部に含まれていてもよい。総繊度については衣料用途を考慮した場合、大略３０〜６００デシテックスの範囲が必要に応じて選択される。更に長繊維の場合は、必要に応じて仮撚加工や常温高圧空気流を使用した流体撹乱処理など各種嵩高加工や交絡処理（インターレース）を施すことも可能である。
【００１９】
本発明の高吸放湿性ポリエステル繊維は、上記混合モノマー水溶液を重合開始剤の共存下で加熱処理し、重合を促進させるものであり、得られる共重合ポリマーが布帛を構成するポリエステル繊維表面と、繊維束間に繊維軸に沿った薄被膜を形成する。共重合ポリマーからなる被膜が、繊維軸に沿って形成されている為に、風合い硬化抑制、共重合ポリマー被膜の洗濯耐久性向上、制電性能の発現が可能となる。混合モノマー中には、必要に応じて高吸水性樹脂、顔料、金属酸化物など微粒子状固形物を分散させて処方してもよい。
【００２０】
繊維表面に上記混合モノマーを作用させて、共重合樹脂被膜を形成させる方法として、パッドドライキュア法、パッドスチームキュア法、コーティング法等を採用することが出来、マイクロ波処理の併用等で重合を更に促進させることが可能である。風合いが樹脂被膜の効果により硬化され過ぎる場合には、必要に応じて該樹脂加工以降の任意の工程で、カムフィットやエアータンブラー、冷カレンダー等により単繊維間、組織点に生じた樹脂被膜を細かく分散しソフト化することも好ましく実施される。仕上げセット条件は、特に限定されるものではないが、過度に滞留時間を長くしたり、処理温度を向上させ過ぎると、染料のブリード（色泣き）が生じ、各種染色堅牢度を低下させてしまうため、１６０〜１７０℃近傍のチャンバー温度で０.５〜１分程度の処理を行うことが好ましい。
【００２１】
上記混合モノマーを布帛表面に固着し、共重合樹脂被膜を形成させる工程としては染色、乾燥後であることが望ましく、特に分散染料を使用した染色を実施する場合には、十分な還元洗浄（ＲＣ）を実施し、余分な未吸着染料分子を除去することが、染色堅牢度を向上させる意味で有効である。上記共重合樹脂被膜を形成させる工程が染色前であると、該樹脂被膜にも染料分子が吸着、拡散されてしまい、染色堅牢度を著しく損ねてしまい好ましくない。
【００２２】
尚、本発明布帛の染色については、高圧液流染色機、ジッカー染色機、ウインス染色機等を使用した浸染法の他、フラットスクリーン、ロータリースクリーン、インクジェット等を含めた捺染法やサーモゾル法等の既存の染色方法を用いて実施することが出来、特に限定を加えるものではない。
分散染料による捺染の場合は、染料のブリード（色泣き）に留意した調色を実施するとともに、樹脂加工前には十分な還元洗浄を実施することが望ましい。
【００２３】
使用する重合開始剤については、特に限定を加えるものでないが、水に可溶且つ分散性の良い物質、更には比較的安価な薬剤を採用することが適当である。例えば過硫酸アンモニウム、過硫酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム等の無機系重合開始剤、２，２'−アゾビス（２−アミジノプロパン）ジハイドロクロライド、２，２'−アゾビス（Ｎ，Ｎ'−ジメチレンイソブチルアミジン）ジハイドロクロライド、２−（カルバモイルアゾ）イソブチロニトリル等の有機系重合開始剤が例示される。好ましくは比較的安価で水分散性能がよく、保管にも適した過硫酸アンモニウムが好適に使用される。
【００２４】
本発明の高吸放湿性ポリエステル布帛には、織物、編物、不織布等のシート状物の他、三次元やその他多次元織編物、多層布帛絡合体等も含まれるものであるが、加工工程等を考慮すると好適であるのは、織編物、不織布等のシート状物である。上記混合モノマー及び重合開始剤、その他助剤を含む樹脂溶液の布帛ピックアップ量についても、特に規定を加えるものでないが、乾燥重量として、加工後の布帛重量に対して５〜８０重量％が好適である。パッダーマングル圧や樹脂溶液濃度等の条件は、布帛の構成・形態に応じ適宜調整することが望ましい。
【００２５】
【実施例】
以下、実施例に基づき本発明を更に詳細に説明する。尚、本文及び実施例中の特性値は、以下の測定方法によるものである。また本発明は下記実施例に何等限定されるものではない。
【００２６】
（力学的損失正接・Ｔａｎδ）
東洋ボールドウィン社製レオバイブロンＤＤＶ−１１ｃ型 動的粘弾性測定装置を使用し、試料長４０mmの試料に対して、初荷重０.１８g／dtexで−１５０〜２００℃の測定温度領域（乾燥空気中）にて昇温速度１℃／分、加振モード＝単一波形（正弦波）、加振振幅＝８０μｍで測定周波数１１０Hzの動的粘弾性曲線（Ｔａｎδ）を描き、チャートより数値を直読した。
【００２７】
（比重）
ＡＳＴＭ Ｄ１５０５−６３Ｔ記載の如く臭化ナトリウム水溶液による密度勾配管によって２５℃にて測定を実施した。測定回数５回の平均値を以って比重とした。
【００２８】
（繊維表面に付与された重合物の全繊維に対する重量比（重量％））
[(処理後の重量−処理前の重量)／処理後の重量]×１００ (%)
但し、上記の各重量は、２０℃×６５%ＲＨ環境にて２４時間放置した後の試料について、電子天秤を用いて秤量したものである。測定回数５回の平均値を以ってその測定値とした。
尚、上記処理前とは、繊維表面に樹脂被膜が形成されていない状態であり、処理後とは、繊維表面に各種モノマーからなる水溶液を付与し、樹脂被膜が形成された状態を示すものである。
【００２９】
（吸放湿度ΔＷ）
布帛の２０℃、６５％ＲＨ環境下と３０℃、９０％ＲＨ環境下での吸湿量の差で示されるものであり、下記式にて算出する。尚、測定回数５回の平均値を以ってその測定値とした。
ΔＷ＝（３０℃、９０％ＲＨ環境下に試料を２４時間放置した時の重量増加率）−（２０℃、６５％ＲＨ環境下に試料を２４時間放置した時の重量増加率）
【００３０】
（吸湿率Ｈ）
下記式にて吸湿率Ｈを求める。
Ｈ＝｛（H1−H0）／H0｝×１００（％）
ここでH0は試料の絶乾重量であり、試料を１２０℃で３時間乾燥した後の重量である。またH1 は試料の吸湿重量であり、上記乾燥後に所定の温湿度雰囲気下に６時間放置して調湿した後の重量である。温湿度雰囲気は衣服内気候に相当する３０℃、９０％ＲＨと外気に相当する２０℃、６５％ＲＨとの２種類に設定した。
【００３１】
（洗濯試験）
ＪＩＳ Ｌ−０２１７ １０３法に準じ、洗濯４０℃、１２分、すすぎ４０℃、２．５分の３回繰り返しで洗濯を実施した
【００３２】
〔実施例１〕
公知の溶融紡糸法により、ポリエチレンテレフタレートセミダル丸断面２５０デシテックス９６フィラメント未延伸糸を得た後、三菱重工業社製ＬＳ−６型延伸仮撚機を使用し、延伸倍率１．５０倍、第一ヒーター温度１９５℃、加工速度１００m／min.の条件で延伸仮撚加工を実施し、１６７デシテックス９６フィラメントの仮撚加工糸を得た。
該仮撚加工糸に、Ｚ撚２００回／mの実撚を挿入し、経糸及び緯糸として使用、３／２（左上り２飛び）組織に製織した。織上時の経、緯密度は、それぞれ９４ends／2.54cm、８４picks／2.54cmである。
【００３３】
得られた生機をニッセン社製連続拡布型リラクサー（ソフサー）で精練リラックス処理した後、分散染料による１３０℃高圧染色を実施し十分な還元洗浄処理を施し、チャンバー温度１６０℃のヒートセッターで熱処理した。
得られた染色加工布の仕上密度は、１１１ends／2.54cm 、１０４picks／2.54cm
である。
【００３４】
上記染色加工布をパッダーマングルに乾燥状態で導入し、下記に示す樹脂剤処方の水溶液をパディング（含浸率７５％）した後に、１２０℃スチーム処理で樹脂剤を固着させその後、未反応の樹脂剤を洗浄除去し、雰囲気温度１５０℃の拡布型ドライヤーに無緊張下で導入し、チャンバー温度１６０℃のヒートセッターを用いて仕上げセットを施した。
【００３５】
（樹脂剤処方）
単量体Ａ；前記式(4)の化合物 １５重量部
単量体Ｂ；メタクリル酸 ３重量部
単量体Ｃ；アジリジン基を３個有する単量体
（日本触媒株式会社製 ＰＡＺ−３３） ２重量部
ラジカル重合開始剤；過硫酸アンモニウム １重量部
【００３６】
得られた加工布の特性値、及びポリエステル繊維の粘弾性特性値を表１に纏めた。該加工布を用いてワーキングウエア（作業着）を縫製した。着用時の蒸れ感やべとつき感等の不快感を感じることがなく、適度の吸放湿性を有する為に着用時の静電気の発生も極小さいものに留まり、作業着として良好なものに仕上った。また洗濯時の性能劣化もごく小さいものに留まり、耐久性のあることが確認された。
【００３７】
〔比較例１〕
実施例１で得た染色加工布をパッダーマングルにウェット状態で導入し、下記に示す樹脂剤水溶液をパディング（含浸率７５％）した後に、表面温度１２０℃のシリンダードライヤーで固着乾燥させ、雰囲気温度１５０℃の拡布型ドライヤーに無緊張下で導入し、チャンバー温度１６０℃のヒートセッターを用いて仕上げセットを実施した。
（樹脂剤処方）
帯電防止剤；日華化学社製 ナイスポール ＮＦ−２０ １重量部
柔軟仕上剤；日華化学社製 ニッカシリコン Ｎ−１５４ ０．５重量部
【００３８】
得られた加工布の特性値、及びポリエステル繊維の粘弾性特性値を表１に纏めた。該加工布を用いてワーキングウエア（作業着）を縫製した。着用時は蒸れ感やベトツキを感じるものとなった他、制電性がやや劣る為に、繰り返し洗濯後の着用では、静電気による不快感を感じるものとなった。
【００３９】
〔比較例２〕
樹脂剤処理（パッドスチーム）のスチーム処理を９０℃とした他は、実施例１同様の方法で加工した。得られた加工布の特性値、及びポリエステル繊維の粘弾性特性値を表１に纏めた。該加工布を用いてワーキングウエア（作業着）を縫製した。着用時の蒸れ感、ベトツキ感は少々感じるが実施例１と比較すると明らかに劣っており、着用時の静電気による不快感も繰り返し洗濯により強く感じられるものになり、ワーキングウエアとして良好なものにはならなかった。
【００４０】
本発明の実施例、比較例の各特性値を表１に示した。
【表１】

【００４１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の高吸放湿性ポリエステル繊維及びそれを用いてなる布帛は、従来のポリエステル繊維では実現が困難であった高い吸放湿特性を有する為、繊維表面に吸着した水分を素早く系外に排除し、湿気が衣服内に留まらず蒸れ感を感じさせない、快適な衣服とすることが可能である。また、適度な吸湿特性を有する為に静電気滞留による不快感を伴うことがない快適衣料を得ることが可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明のポリエステル繊維及び従来ポリエステル繊維の１１０Hzにおける力学的損失正接（Ｔａｎδ）曲線の模式図である。
【符号の説明】
Ａ：本発明の繊維
Ｂ：従来の繊維
ａ：主分散ピーク
ｂ：副分散ピーク[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a moisture-absorbing / releasing polyester fiber having a durable moisture-absorbing / releasing property and antistatic performance and having a soft texture, and a fabric using the same.
[0002]
Synthetic fibers such as polyester, polyamide, and polyolefin are widely used because they are superior in terms of the strength of yarns and fabrics and are less expensive than natural fibers. Among them, polyester is excellent in dyeability, hardly wrinkles, has excellent wash and wear properties, and is widely used.
However, most of the synthetic fibers are hydrophobic fibers and poorly hygroscopic, so they are very stuffy when worn, especially when the side of the skin is dewed and feels uncomfortable, such as stickiness of the skin surface. In the casual wear field, which is widely recognized as a street wear, it is not preferable because it is insufficient in function.
[0003]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, many surface modification of hydrophobic synthetic fibers has been proposed.
For example, as disclosed in JP-B-60-34979, a method of surface graft polymerization of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid on the surface of a synthetic fiber has been disclosed. In terms of surface quality, it was difficult to say that it was suitable for clothing use.
Furthermore, as described in JP-A-56-159363, JP-A-57-106774, etc., methods for polymerizing after applying a hydrophilic monomer to the surface of a synthetic fiber fabric have been proposed. Although it is a surface modification of the fiber, it is intended to provide anti-static property, dirt removal property (SR property), and water absorption performance, and it cannot obtain sufficient moisture absorption and desorption, and it is difficult to become comfortable wearing clothing. there were.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the background of such prior art, the present invention has sufficiently durable moisture absorption and antistatic properties, yet has a soft texture and sufficiently maintains the fiber physical properties that can withstand dyeing fastness and consumption. It is an object to obtain a possible moisture-absorbing / releasing polyester fiber and a fabric using the same.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has the following configuration.
1. High moisture absorption and desorption properties formed by polymerizing an aqueous solution containing vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer, polymerization initiator and monomer containing aziridine group on the fiber surface. It is a polyester fiber, and the main dispersion peak in the mechanical loss tangent (Tanδ) curve at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz exists between 125 and 140 ° C., and the minor dispersion peak exists between −37 and −30 ° C. Characteristic high moisture absorption / release polyester fiber.
2. The specific gravity determined by the density gradient tube method, wherein the weight of the resin applied to the fiber surface, consisting of vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer, occupies 5 to 30% by weight with respect to the total fiber weight. A highly hygroscopic polyester fiber characterized in that ρ and the resin weight ratio (m% by weight) applied to the fiber surface with respect to the total fiber weight satisfy the following requirements.
{(1.396-ρ) / m} × 100 ≦ 0.060
3. Above 1. Or 2. A fabric formed by using at least part of the highly hygroscopic polyester fiber described in 1.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inventors focused on the mobility of the molecular chain of the polymer material, particularly the polymer composite material, and when the film composed of the highly moisture-absorbing and releasing resin prescribed on the fiber surface and the polyester fiber are regarded as one composite material The viscoelasticity of the polyester fiber was evaluated, and the moisture absorption / release performance of the resulting highly moisture-absorbing / releasing polyester fiber was compared with various performances such as the appearance, texture, and consumption performance of the fabric, and the appropriate region was successfully derived.
[0007]
The high moisture absorption / release polyester fiber of the present invention is abundant in melt spinning / drawing treatment, yarn processing heat treatment such as false twisting, weaving / knitting preparation process such as twisted yarn set, scouring relaxation and presetting, alkali weight loss, dyeing and final set. As the process proceeds, the crystallinity increases and the strength of the main dispersion (α transition) decreases, but the peak shifts to the high temperature side.
If the main dispersion peak is less than 125 ° C, the disperse dye migration sublimation fastness and wet friction fastness are lowered, which is undesirable in terms of consumption performance. In the range exceeding 140 ° C, the texture becomes too stiff and is used for clothing. It is not finished in a suitable one.
[0008]
Further, the sub-dispersion peak needs to be present between −37 to −30 ° C. In the range where the sub-dispersion peak is less than −37 ° C., a resin film sufficient for moisture absorption / release of the polyester fiber is not formed on the fiber surface, and the polyester fiber has only a single-phase performance. turn into. When the sub-dispersion peak exceeds -30 ° C, a thick resin film is formed on the surface of the polyester fiber and exhibits sufficient moisture absorption and desorption. However, rubbing and attrition are likely to occur, and the fabric tear strength is increased. Is also not preferable. Further, the dyeing fastness of the polyester fabric is remarkably deteriorated, and the general consumption performance cannot be satisfied particularly in the deep colors of red and blue.
[0009]
The weight of the polymer composed of vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer fixed on the surface of the highly hygroscopic polyester fiber of the present invention is 5 to 30% by weight based on the total fiber weight. It is desirable that If it stays below 5% by weight, it does not show sufficient moisture absorption / release performance, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, it shows sufficient moisture absorption / release performance, but fastness to wet friction, fastness to washing, fastness to sublimation, etc. In addition to the remarkable reduction in various fastnesses of dyeing, the surface becomes more brownish and a clear color cannot be obtained. Absent.
[0010]
Moreover, the high moisture absorption / release polyester fiber of the present invention satisfies the following requirements in the specific gravity ρ determined by the density gradient tube method and the ratio (m% by weight) of the polymer (resin) applied to the fiber surface with respect to the total fiber weight. It is desirable to do.
{(1.396-ρ) / m} × 100 ≦ 0.060
If the above numerical value exceeds 0.060, does the ratio of the polymer composed of vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer fixed to the polyester fiber surface remain small? Or the ratio of the polymer becomes too large, while the former cannot give sufficient moisture absorption / release performance to the polyester fiber and fabric, while the latter can provide high moisture absorption / release performance. None of the satisfactory performances can be maintained, such as a reduction in various fastnesses, induction of rubbing and attrition, and a decrease in the tear strength of the fabric. By adjusting the above numerical value to 0.060 or less, more preferably 0.055 or less, and still more preferably 0.050 or less, a fiber and a fabric excellent in moisture absorption and desorption and satisfying general consumption performance such as dyeing fastness are obtained. Is possible.
[0011]
Examples of the polyester used in the present invention include homopolymers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polytrimethylene terephthalate, and copolymer polymers and blend polymers based on these, which hinder spinnability in melt spinning. To the extent that there is no such, polyalkylene oxide, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, and ethylene oxide derivatives thereof may be added. The dispersion state of the blend polymer and other monomers does not necessarily have to be substantially uniform. For example, even if they are mixed in a non-uniform shape using a static kneading element, they are within a range that does not hinder the spinnability. This is also included.
If necessary, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, kaolinite, carbon black, talc, and other pigments can be added, and an antistatic agent, a smoothing agent, or the like may be added.
[0012]
In obtaining the highly hygroscopic polyester fiber of the present invention, as a vinyl carboxylic acid monomer, vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and other additives to be used, a single unit having two or more double bonds containing a polyoxyalkylene group and capable of radical polymerization In order to further promote the reaction, the monomer B containing a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, a sulfonic acid group or a phosphoric acid group, a monomer C containing an aziridine group, and a radical polymerization initiator were prepared. To the fabric. Components such as arbitrary highly hygroscopic fine particles and highly water-absorbent fine particles may be added and dispersed in the aqueous solution.
[0013]
As the monomer A, those represented by the general formula (1) are preferably used.
[Chemical 1]

(n is an integer from 1 to 6), Z represents H or CH3, a and b are positive integers such that a + b is 0 to 50, and X and y are such that X + y is 0 to 30 It is 0 or a positive integer, satisfies a + b + X + y ≧ 10, and Ph represents a phenylene group.
[0014]
Specific examples of the monomer A include the following compounds (2) to (5).
[Chemical formula 2]

[0015]
As the monomer B, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, 2-allyloxy-2-hydroxypropane sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, 2 -Hydroxyethyl methacrylate, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, etc. can be illustrated.
[0016]
The monomer C includes not only a monomer containing one aziridine group but also a monomer containing two or more.
[0017]
The cross-sectional shape of the highly hygroscopic polyester fiber of the present invention is not particularly limited, and includes any solid cross-section and hollow cross-section, such as round cross-section yarn, triangular cross-section, flat cross-section, and other irregular cross-section yarn. It doesn't matter. In particular, it is preferable to use a modified cross-sectional yarn in which a lateral groove and a longitudinal groove are formed on the side surface of the fiber by a composite spinning method or the like because the water diffusing ability is further improved by a capillary phenomenon.
Furthermore, the high moisture absorption / release polyester fiber of the present invention may be any of short fibers, long fibers, and long / short composite fibers, and in particular, a fiber bundle in which different shrinkage components are combined into a low-heat-shrinkage fiber as described above. Then, the effect of this invention can be anticipated more and is preferable.
[0018]
Further, the total fineness, single yarn fineness, and the number of constituent single yarns are not particularly limited. In addition to containing different fineness blends, different shrinkage blends, and different cross-section blends, in the case of long fibers, thick and thin yarns having thick and thin spots in the longitudinal direction of the yarn may be included as part of the constituent yarns. . As for the total fineness, when considering the use of clothing, a range of about 30 to 600 dtex is selected as necessary. Further, in the case of long fibers, various bulky processes such as false twisting and fluid disturbance processing using room temperature and high pressure air flow, and entanglement processing (interlacing) can be performed as necessary.
[0019]
The highly hygroscopic polyester fiber of the present invention is a heat treatment of the above mixed monomer aqueous solution in the presence of a polymerization initiator to promote polymerization, and the surface of the polyester fiber in which the obtained copolymer polymer constitutes the fabric; A thin film is formed between the fiber bundles along the fiber axis. Since the film made of the copolymer is formed along the fiber axis, it is possible to suppress the texture hardening, improve the washing durability of the copolymer film and develop antistatic performance. In the mixed monomer, a fine solid material such as a highly water-absorbent resin, a pigment, or a metal oxide may be dispersed as necessary.
[0020]
As a method of forming the copolymer resin film by allowing the above-mentioned mixed monomer to act on the fiber surface, a pad dry cure method, a pad steam cure method, a coating method, etc. can be adopted, and polymerization is performed by using a microwave treatment in combination. Further promotion is possible. If the texture is too hard due to the effect of the resin film, the resin film formed between the single fibers and at the tissue point by cam fit, air tumbler, cold calender, etc. in any step after the resin processing if necessary. Finely dispersing and softening is also preferably performed. The finishing set conditions are not particularly limited, but if the residence time is excessively increased or the processing temperature is increased too much, dye bleeding occurs and the color fastness is reduced. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the treatment for about 0.5 to 1 minute at a chamber temperature near 160 to 170 ° C.
[0021]
The step of fixing the mixed monomer to the fabric surface and forming the copolymer resin film is preferably after dyeing and drying. In particular, when carrying out dyeing using a disperse dye, sufficient reduction cleaning (RC ) And removing excess unadsorbed dye molecules is effective in terms of improving dyeing fastness. If the step of forming the copolymer resin film is before dyeing, dye molecules are adsorbed and diffused in the resin film, which is not preferable because the dyeing fastness is remarkably impaired.
[0022]
For dyeing the fabric of the present invention, in addition to the dip dyeing method using a high-pressure liquid dyeing machine, a zicker dyeing machine, a wins dyeing machine, etc., a printing method including a flat screen, a rotary screen, an ink jet, etc., a thermosol method, etc. It can be carried out using existing dyeing methods and is not particularly limited.
In the case of printing with disperse dyes, it is desirable to perform toning while paying attention to bleed of dyes and to carry out sufficient reduction cleaning before resin processing.
[0023]
The polymerization initiator to be used is not particularly limited, but it is appropriate to employ a substance that is soluble in water and has good dispersibility, and a relatively inexpensive agent. For example, inorganic polymerization initiators such as ammonium persulfate, potassium persulfate, ammonium sulfate, 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2,2′-azobis (N, N′-dimethyleneisobutylamidine) Examples thereof include organic polymerization initiators such as dihydrochloride and 2- (carbamoylazo) isobutyronitrile. Preferably, ammonium persulfate that is relatively inexpensive, has good water dispersion performance, and is suitable for storage is preferably used.
[0024]
The highly hygroscopic polyester fabric of the present invention includes three-dimensional and other multi-dimensional woven and knitted fabrics, multilayer fabric entanglements, etc. in addition to sheet-like materials such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and nonwoven fabrics. Considering the above, sheet-like materials such as woven and knitted fabrics and nonwoven fabrics are suitable. The amount of fabric pick-up of the resin solution containing the above-mentioned mixed monomer, polymerization initiator and other auxiliaries is not particularly specified. However, the dry weight is preferably 5 to 80% by weight with respect to the fabric weight after processing. is there. It is desirable to appropriately adjust conditions such as padder mangle pressure and resin solution concentration according to the configuration and form of the fabric.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. The characteristic values in the text and the examples are based on the following measurement methods. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0026]
(Mechanical loss tangent / Tanδ)
Using a Leo Vibron DDV-11c type dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device manufactured by Toyo Baldwin, measuring temperature range of -150 to 200 ° C. (in dry air) with initial load of 0.18 g / dtex for a sample length of 40 mm A dynamic viscoelasticity curve (Tan δ) with a measurement frequency of 110 Hz was drawn at a heating rate of 1 ° C./min, excitation mode = single waveform (sine wave), excitation amplitude = 80 μm, and the values were directly read from the chart.
[0027]
(specific gravity)
Measurements were performed at 25 ° C. with a density gradient tube with aqueous sodium bromide as described in ASTM D1505-63T. The specific value was determined by the average value of 5 measurements.
[0028]
(Weight ratio (% by weight) of the polymer applied to the fiber surface to the total fiber)
[(Weight after treatment−weight before treatment) / weight after treatment] × 100 (%)
However, each of the above weights is obtained by weighing a sample after being left for 24 hours in a 20 ° C. × 65% RH environment using an electronic balance. The measured value was determined by taking an average value of five measurements.
In addition, the above-mentioned before treatment is a state in which a resin film is not formed on the fiber surface, and after the treatment is a state in which an aqueous solution composed of various monomers is applied to the fiber surface and a resin film is formed. is there.
[0029]
(Absorption humidity ΔW)
This is indicated by the difference in moisture absorption between 20 ° C. and 65% RH environment and 30 ° C. and 90% RH environment, and is calculated by the following formula. In addition, it was set as the measured value with the average value of the frequency | count of measurement 5 times.
ΔW = (weight increase rate when the sample is left for 24 hours in an environment of 30 ° C. and 90% RH) − (weight increase rate when the sample is left for 24 hours in an environment of 20 ° C. and 65% RH)
[0030]
(Hygroscopic rate H)
The moisture absorption rate H is obtained by the following formula.
H = {(H1−H0) / H0} × 100 (%)
Here, H0 is the absolute dry weight of the sample, and is the weight after the sample is dried at 120 ° C. for 3 hours. Further, H1 is the moisture absorption weight of the sample, and is the weight after conditioning for 6 hours after drying in a predetermined temperature and humidity atmosphere. The temperature and humidity atmosphere was set to two types of 30 ° C. and 90% RH corresponding to the climate in the clothes and 20 ° C. and 65% RH corresponding to the outside air.
[0031]
(Laundry test)
In accordance with JIS L-0217 103 method, washing was carried out by repeating washing three times at 40 ° C. for 12 minutes, rinsing at 40 ° C. for 2.5 minutes.
[Example 1]
After obtaining a polyethylene terephthalate semidal round section 250 dtex 96 filament unstretched yarn by a known melt spinning method, using a LS-6 type stretching false twister manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Stretch false twisting was performed under the conditions of a heater temperature of 195 ° C. and a processing speed of 100 m / min. To obtain false twisted yarn of 167 dtex 96 filaments.
A real twist with a Z twist of 200 times / m was inserted into the false twisted yarn, used as a warp and a weft, and woven into a 3/2 (left-up 2 jump) structure. The warp and weft densities during weaving are 94 ends / 2.54 cm and 84 picks / 2.54 cm, respectively.
[0033]
The resulting raw machine was subjected to a scouring relaxation treatment with a continuous expansion relaxer (softener) manufactured by Nissen, followed by a high-pressure dyeing at 130 ° C. with a disperse dye, sufficient reduction cleaning treatment, and heat treatment with a heat setter at a chamber temperature of 160 ° C. .
The finished density of the dyed fabric is 111ends / 2.54cm, 104picks / 2.54cm
It is.
[0034]
After the dyed fabric is introduced into the padder mangle in a dry state and padded with an aqueous solution of the resin formulation shown below (impregnation rate: 75%), the resin agent is fixed by steam treatment at 120 ° C. and then unreacted resin The agent was washed and removed, introduced into a spread dryer having an atmospheric temperature of 150 ° C. without tension, and finished using a heat setter having a chamber temperature of 160 ° C.
[0035]
(Resin formulation)
Monomer A; Compound of formula (4) 15 parts by weight Monomer B; Methacrylic acid 3 parts by weight Monomer C; Monomer having three aziridine groups (PAZ-33 manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) 2 Part by weight radical polymerization initiator; 1 part by weight of ammonium persulfate
Table 1 summarizes the characteristic values of the obtained processed cloth and the viscoelastic characteristic values of the polyester fibers. Working wear (work clothes) was sewn using the work cloth. There was no discomfort such as a feeling of stuffiness or stickiness when worn, and since it had moderate moisture absorption and release, the generation of static electricity during wearing remained extremely small, and it was finished as a good work clothes. In addition, the performance degradation during washing remained very small, and it was confirmed to be durable.
[0037]
[Comparative Example 1]
The dyed fabric obtained in Example 1 was introduced into the padder mangle in a wet state, and after padding the resin agent aqueous solution shown below (impregnation rate 75%), it was fixed and dried with a cylinder dryer having a surface temperature of 120 ° C. It introduced into the expansion type dryer of temperature 150 degreeC under no tension, and the finishing set was implemented using the heat setter of chamber temperature 160 degreeC.
(Resin formulation)
Antistatic agent: Nisca Chemical Co., Ltd. Nicepol NF-20 1 part by weight Softening agent; Nikka Chemical Co., Ltd. Nikka Silicon N-154 0.5 part by weight
Table 1 summarizes the characteristic values of the obtained processed cloth and the viscoelastic characteristic values of the polyester fibers. Working wear (work clothes) was sewn using the work cloth. In addition to the feeling of stuffiness and stickiness when worn, the antistatic property was slightly inferior.
[0039]
[Comparative Example 2]
It processed by the method similar to Example 1 except the steam process of the resin agent process (pad steam) having been 90 degreeC. Table 1 summarizes the characteristic values of the obtained processed cloth and the viscoelastic characteristic values of the polyester fibers. Working wear (work clothes) was sewn using the work cloth. Although it feels a little stuffy and sticky when worn, it is clearly inferior to that of Example 1, and the discomfort caused by static electricity when worn is also felt strongly by repeated washing. did not become.
[0040]
The characteristic values of the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples are shown in Table 1.
[Table 1]

[0041]
【The invention's effect】
The highly hygroscopic polyester fiber of the present invention and the fabric using the same have high moisture absorption and desorption characteristics that were difficult to realize with conventional polyester fibers, so that moisture adsorbed on the fiber surface can be quickly removed from the system. However, it is possible to provide a comfortable garment in which moisture does not stay in the garment and does not cause a sense of stuffiness. Moreover, since it has a suitable moisture absorption characteristic, it is possible to obtain comfortable clothing that does not cause discomfort due to static electricity retention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical loss tangent (Tan δ) curve at 110 Hz of a polyester fiber of the present invention and a conventional polyester fiber.
[Explanation of symbols]
A: Fiber of the present invention B: Conventional fiber a: Main dispersion peak b: Sub-dispersion peak

Claims (3)

High moisture absorption and desorption properties formed by polymerizing an aqueous solution containing vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer, polymerization initiator and monomer containing aziridine group on the fiber surface. It is a polyester fiber, and the main dispersion peak in the mechanical loss tangent (Tanδ) curve at a measurement frequency of 110 Hz exists between 125 and 140 ° C., and the minor dispersion peak exists between −37 and −30 ° C. Characteristic high moisture absorption / release polyester fiber. The specific gravity determined by the density gradient tube method, wherein the weight of the resin fixed to the fiber surface is 5 to 30% by weight with respect to the total fiber weight, comprising vinyl carboxylic acid and / or vinyl sulfonic acid monomer and divinyl monomer or trivinyl monomer. 2. The highly hygroscopic polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio (m% by weight) of resin fixed to the fiber surface with respect to the total fiber weight satisfies the following requirements.
{(1.396-ρ) / m} × 100 ≦ 0.060 A fabric formed by using at least part of the highly hygroscopic polyester fiber according to claim 1 or 2.

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