JPH01516A - liquid crystal element - Google Patents
liquid crystal elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01516A JPH01516A JP62-57841A JP5784187A JPH01516A JP H01516 A JPH01516 A JP H01516A JP 5784187 A JP5784187 A JP 5784187A JP H01516 A JPH01516 A JP H01516A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- film
- crystal element
- formula
- element according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005262 ferroelectric liquid crystals (FLCs) Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2-naphthalen-1-ylethylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCNC(=O)CCC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 CMSGUKVDXXTJDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101100008044 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、液晶表示素子、液晶シャッタ等の液晶素子
に関するもので、特にその配向膜に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to liquid crystal elements such as liquid crystal display elements and liquid crystal shutters, and particularly relates to alignment films thereof.
この発明は、液晶素子の構成要素である液晶配向膜にお
いて、液晶素子の一方の基板上の配向膜として、一般式
％式％）
で表される有機化合物を、水面上に展開して膜を形成後
、基板上に親木基あるいは疎水基が表面に現れる形で、
−ａ以上付着した膜（ラングミュア・プロジェット膜、
以下ＬＢ膜という）を用い、もう一方の基板上の配向膜
として、高分子膜を用いることにより、強誘電液晶等の
新しい液晶材料を用いた液晶素子の良好な配向膜が得ら
れるようにしたものである。This invention relates to a liquid crystal alignment film, which is a component of a liquid crystal element, by spreading an organic compound represented by the general formula % on a water surface as an alignment film on one substrate of the liquid crystal element. After formation, parent wood groups or hydrophobic groups appear on the surface of the substrate.
-A film that adheres more than a (Langmuir-Prodgett film,
By using a polymer film as an alignment film on the other substrate (hereinafter referred to as LB film), it was possible to obtain a good alignment film for liquid crystal elements using new liquid crystal materials such as ferroelectric liquid crystal. It is something.
強誘電液晶としては、カイラルスメクティソクＣ液晶が
あり、高速応答性やメモリー効果を有するため、大画面
表示素子用の液晶材料として、実用化のための研究開発
が行われている。Chiral Smectisoc C liquid crystal is an example of ferroelectric liquid crystal, and because it has high-speed response and a memory effect, research and development is being carried out to put it into practical use as a liquid crystal material for large-screen display elements.
そして、強誘電液晶用の配向膜としては、従来ＴＮ（ツ
イストネマティック）表示素子で広く実用されている配
向膜を用いてきた。すなわち、＋ａ＋酸化ケイ素等の斜
方蒸着膜と、
ｆｂｌポリイミド等の高分子ｌ模
である。As an alignment film for a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an alignment film that has been widely used in conventional TN (twisted nematic) display elements has been used. That is, an obliquely deposited film such as +a+ silicon oxide, and a polymer l model such as fbl polyimide.
しかし、上記の配向膜はいずれも強誘電液晶を充分に配
向できず、多くのドメイン構造と、不均一なメモリー特
性が生じるため、液晶表示素子として、コントラストが
不十分でかつ、表示むらが発生していた。又、応答特性
にも速いドメインと遅いドメインがあり、不均一であっ
た。However, none of the above alignment films can sufficiently align the ferroelectric liquid crystal, resulting in many domain structures and uneven memory characteristics, resulting in insufficient contrast and uneven display when used as a liquid crystal display element. Was. Furthermore, the response characteristics were non-uniform, with fast domains and slow domains.
上記問題点を解決するために、この発明は基板間の対向
面上の配向膜の一方をＬＢ膜、他方を高分子膜で構成す
ることとした。・
ＬＢ膜は、一般式
％式％）
で表される有機化合物（ただし、ＸはＣ００Ｉ＋等の親
水基である。）を、水面上に展開して膜を形成後、基板
上に親水基が表面に現れる形で一層以上付着した水平付
着法によるＬＢＩＩＩ、あるいは前記有機化合物を、水
面上に展開して膜を形成後、基板上に疎水基が表面に現
れる形で一層以上付着したＬＢ膜を用いた。In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, one of the alignment films on the opposing surfaces between the substrates is composed of an LB film, and the other is composed of a polymer film.・The LB film is made by spreading an organic compound represented by the general formula % (where X is a hydrophilic group such as C00I+) on the water surface to form a film, and then depositing the hydrophilic group on the substrate. After forming a film by spreading LBIII by the horizontal adhesion method or the above-mentioned organic compound on the water surface with one or more layers attached with the hydrophobic groups appearing on the surface, the LB film with one or more layers attached with the hydrophobic groups appearing on the surface is formed on the substrate. Using.
水面上に展開後、基板上に一層以上付着して得られた膜
は、均一な膜であり、強誘電液晶の単一ドメイン形成及
び均一なメモリー特性を発現させる作用がある。また、
高分子膜は、一方向にラビング処理を施すことにより、
液晶分子をラビング方向に配向させる作用がある。この
２種の配向膜を対向配置することにより、単一ドメイン
及び均一メモリー特性が発現でき、液晶分子の長袖方向
の制御が可能であり、均一なコントラストと均一な応答
特性が得られ、大画面表示素子が実現できる。After spreading on the water surface, the film obtained by depositing one or more layers on the substrate is a uniform film, which has the effect of forming a single domain of ferroelectric liquid crystal and exhibiting uniform memory characteristics. Also,
By applying a unidirectional rubbing treatment to the polymer membrane,
It has the effect of aligning liquid crystal molecules in the rubbing direction. By arranging these two types of alignment films facing each other, single domain and uniform memory characteristics can be expressed, the long sleeve direction of liquid crystal molecules can be controlled, uniform contrast and uniform response characteristics can be obtained, and a large screen A display element can be realized.
以下に、この発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.
実施例１
第１図は、液晶素子の断面図である。ガラス基板１に透
明電極（ネサパターン）２を形成後、酸化ケイ素３を蒸
着した後、高分子膜４とＬＢ膜５をそれぞれ形成し、シ
ール材６を用いて液晶セルに組み、強誘電液晶７を注入
口を封止したものである。Example 1 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal element. After forming a transparent electrode (nesa pattern) 2 on a glass substrate 1, and depositing silicon oxide 3, a polymer film 4 and an LB film 5 are formed, respectively, and assembled into a liquid crystal cell using a sealing material 6, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal 7 is formed. The injection port is sealed.
第１図のＬＢ膜を形成するために以下のようにした。The following steps were taken to form the LB film shown in FIG.
アラキシン酸
ＣＨ２（Ｃｌｌ□） 、 、ＣＯＯ１＋をベンゼンに溶
解し、水面上に滴下展開して膜を形成した。Araxic acid CH2(Cll□), , COO1+ was dissolved in benzene and spread dropwise on the water surface to form a film.
第２図は、この水面上の膜を製作する方法を示したもの
である。水面上８に展開したアラキシン酸を、浮子１）
とおもり１０で圧縮して、膜９を形成した。FIG. 2 shows a method of fabricating this membrane on the water surface. Araxic acid spread on the water surface 8, float 1)
It was compressed with a weight 10 to form a film 9.
第３図は、ＬＢ膜を製作する方法を示したものである。FIG. 3 shows a method for manufacturing an LB film.
浮子１）で圧縮したＩＩ＊９をネサパターン形成後、疎
水性処理した基板１２を水面の上方から下降させ膜９を
密着させ、次に基板１２を上昇させることで、親水基が
液晶側に現れるようなＬＢｌｌ１５を形成した。After forming a NESA pattern on II*9 compressed with the float 1), the hydrophobically treated substrate 12 is lowered from above the water surface to bring the film 9 into close contact with it, and then the substrate 12 is raised so that hydrophilic groups appear on the liquid crystal side. LBll15 was formed.
一方、高分子膜４を形成するために、ネサパターン形成
ガラス基板上に、酸化ケイ素３を蒸着した後、ボリアミ
ンク酸溶液をスピンナーでコート後、３００℃で焼成し
、ポリイミド膜を形成した後、ラビング処理を行った。On the other hand, in order to form a polymer film 4, silicon oxide 3 was vapor-deposited on a glass substrate on which a NESA pattern was formed, and then a polyamine chloride solution was coated with a spinner and baked at 300°C to form a polyimide film, followed by rubbing. processed.
液晶セルに組み、強誘電液晶を注入した。均一なコント
ラスト、応答特性が得られた。It was assembled into a liquid crystal cell and ferroelectric liquid crystal was injected into it. Uniform contrast and response characteristics were obtained.
この実施例では酸化ケイ素を蒸着した後に配向膜を形成
したが、酸化ケイ素の蒸着は必ずしも必要でない、又、
ＬＢ膜は親水基が液晶側に現れるようにすれば、単分子
膜を何層か重ねた累積膜でもよい。In this example, the alignment film was formed after depositing silicon oxide, but the deposition of silicon oxide is not necessarily necessary.
The LB film may be a cumulative film of several monomolecular films, as long as the hydrophilic groups appear on the liquid crystal side.
実施例２
ネサパターン形成後、アラキシン酸ＬＢ膜を付着形成し
たガラス基板と、ネサパターン形成後、ポリビニルアル
コールを形成したガラス基板を用いて、液晶セルを製作
、強誘電液晶を注入したところ、均一なコントラスト、
応答特性が得られた。Example 2 A liquid crystal cell was manufactured using a glass substrate on which a LB film of alaxic acid was deposited after forming a NESA pattern, and a glass substrate on which polyvinyl alcohol was formed after forming a NESA pattern. When ferroelectric liquid crystal was injected, a uniform contrast was obtained. ,
Response characteristics were obtained.
実施例３
第４図は、液晶素子の断面図であり、この液晶は以下の
ようにして作製する。ガラス基板１に、透明電極２、酸
化ケイ素膜３を形成後、高分子膜４とＬＢＢｉ１２形成
する０次に、シール材６を用いて液晶セルに組み、強誘
電液晶７を注入して、注入口を封止したものである。Example 3 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal element, and this liquid crystal is manufactured as follows. After forming a transparent electrode 2 and a silicon oxide film 3 on a glass substrate 1, a polymer film 4 and LBBi 12 are formed.Next, a liquid crystal cell is assembled using a sealing material 6, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal 7 is injected. The entrance is sealed.
ＬＢＩＩ１）３は、実施例１と同様に、アラキシン酸Ｃ
１）３（Ｃｕｔ１） ＋ ＊ＣＯＯ１ｌをベンゼンに溶
解し、水面上に滴下展開し、第２図に示した方法で膜を
形成した。LBII1)3 is araxic acid C as in Example 1.
1) 1 liter of 3(Cut1) + *COO was dissolved in benzene, and the solution was dropped onto the water surface to form a film by the method shown in FIG.
第５図は、この膜を基板上に移し取ってＬＢ膜を形成す
る方法を示したものである。これは水中８に、透明電極
を形成した基板１２を浸漬した後、浮子１０で圧縮した
ｌＩ！９を、基板１２を引上げることで、疎水基である
長鎖アルキル基（Ｃ１）３（ＣＨｘ） ＋ ａ基）が液
晶層７側に現れるようにアラキシン酸の単分子膜を一層
付着形成した。FIG. 5 shows a method of transferring this film onto a substrate to form an LB film. This is done by immersing a substrate 12 on which transparent electrodes are formed in water 8 and then compressing it with a float 10! 9, by pulling up the substrate 12, a single layer of a monomolecular film of araxic acid was deposited so that the long-chain alkyl group (C1)3(CHx) + a group, which is a hydrophobic group, appeared on the liquid crystal layer 7 side. .
高分子膜４としては、ポリアミック酸をスピンコードし
、３００℃で焼成したポリイミド膜を、布でラビングし
たものを用いた。液晶セルに組み、強誘電液晶を注入し
た。均一なコントラスト、均一な応答特性が得られた。As the polymer film 4, a polyimide film prepared by spin-coding polyamic acid and firing at 300° C. was rubbed with a cloth. It was assembled into a liquid crystal cell and ferroelectric liquid crystal was injected into it. Uniform contrast and uniform response characteristics were obtained.
実施例４
ステアリルアミン
ＣＨ２（ＣＨｇ） ｒ Ｊｌｈ
をベンゼンに溶解し、水面上に滴下展開して膜を形成後
、実施例３と同じ方法を用いて、疎水基（Ｃｌｌｓ（Ｃ
ｕｔ）＋を基）が液晶層側に現れるような単分子膜であ
るＬＢ膜で液晶配向膜を構成した。Example 4 Stearylamine CH2 (CHg)
The liquid crystal alignment film was composed of an LB film, which is a monomolecular film in which ut)+ (based on ut)+ appears on the liquid crystal layer side.
液晶セルに組み、強誘電液晶を注入して素子を構成した
ところ、均一なコントラスト、応答特性が得られた。When assembled into a liquid crystal cell and injected with ferroelectric liquid crystal to form a device, uniform contrast and response characteristics were obtained.
この発明は、以上説明したように、透明電極上に液晶配
向膜が形成された一対の基板に挟持された液晶層を有す
る液晶素子の配向膜の一方をＬＢ膜、他方を高分子膜と
することにより、従来の素子では困難であった強誘電液
晶の単一ドメイン形成と、均一な応答特性が得られ、大
容量大画面の表示素子製造を可能にした。As explained above, the present invention uses a liquid crystal element having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed on transparent electrodes, in which one of the alignment films is an LB film and the other is a polymer film. This made it possible to form a single domain of ferroelectric liquid crystal, which was difficult with conventional devices, and to achieve uniform response characteristics, making it possible to manufacture large-capacity, large-screen display devices.
第１図は液晶表示素子の断面図、第２図は水面上の膜製
作法を示す説明図、第３図はＬＢ膜形成法を示した説明
図、第４図は本発明の他の実施例を示した液晶表示素子
の断面図、第５図はＬＢ膜形成法を示した説明図である
。
１・・・・ガラス基板 ２・・・・透明電極３・・・
・酸化ケイ素膜 ４・・・・高分子膜５．１３ ・・Ｌ
Ｂ膜 ６・・・・シール材７・・・・液晶層
８・・・・水９・・・・＠ １０・・
・・おもりｌｌ・・・・浮子 １２・・・・基
板以上
−波晶爪子の曲面図
３１図
水面上のＨ健製１’ｌ−４六乞斤、Ｔ占地日月図第２図
ＬＢ膜製咋ｉｉΣ示す説明図
第３０
？
液晶系千の断面図
弔４図
ＬＢ順製作方う六を示″ｔｔ兇明図
第５図FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display element, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for manufacturing a film on the water surface, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for forming an LB film, and FIG. 4 is another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display element showing an example, and is an explanatory view showing a method for forming an LB film. 1...Glass substrate 2...Transparent electrode 3...
・Silicon oxide film 4...Polymer film 5.13...L
B film 6...Seal material 7...Liquid crystal layer
8...Wed 9...@10...
・・Weight ll・・・Float 12・・・・Board or above - Curved surface diagram of wave crystal claws Figure 31 Hken 1'l-4 six-pointed loaf on the water surface, T sun and moon diagram Figure 2 LB Explanatory diagram No. 30 showing membrane production iiΣ? A cross-sectional diagram of the liquid crystal system. Figure 4 shows how to make the LB order. Figure 5.
Claims (1)
に挟持された液晶層を有する液晶素子において、前記基
板間の対向面上の配向膜の一方が、ＬＢ膜で、他方が高
分子膜であることを特徴とする液晶素子。 （２）ＬＢ膜が、下記〔１〕で示される有機化合物を一
層以上積層した膜である特許請求の範囲第１項記載の液
晶素子。 ＣＨ＿３（ＣＨ＿２）＿ｎ−Ｘ〔１〕 （ただし式〔１〕中、ｎはｎ＝５〜３０、Ｘは、ＯＣＨ
＿３，ＣＯＣＨ＿３，ＯＣ＿２Ｈ＿５，ＣＯＯＨ，ＣＯ
Ｃ＿２Ｈ＿５，ＣＯＯＣＨ＿３，ＣＯＯＣ＿２Ｈ＿５，
ＮＨ＿２，ＯＨ，ＣＮ，ＳＨ，ＳＯ＿３Ｈ，ＯＳＯ＿３
Ｈ，ＣＯＮＨ＿２，ＮＯ＿２，ＯＮＯ＿２，ＮＨＣＯＮ
Ｈ＿２，ＮＨＣＯＣＨ＿３，ＮＨＣＯＣ＿２Ｈ＿５のう
ちから選ばれた１種類の基を示す。） （３）特許請求の範囲第２項において、〔１〕で示され
る式のＸが液晶層側に現れている液晶素子。 （４）特許請求の範囲第２項において、有機化合物がＣ
Ｈ＿３（ＣＨ＿２）＿ｍ−ＣＯＯＨ である液晶素子。 （ただし、式中のｍは、ｍ＝１０〜２０である。）（５
）特許請求の範囲第２項において、有機化合物がＣＨ＿
３（ＣＨ＿２）＿ｍ−ＮＨ＿２ である液晶素子。 （ただし、式中のｍは、ｍ＝１０〜２０である。）（６
）高分子膜が、ポリイミドである特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の液晶素子。 （７）特許請求の範囲第２項において、〔１〕式で示さ
れる式のＣＨ＿３（ＣＨ＿２）＿ｎが液晶層側に現れて
いる液晶素子。Scope of Claims: (1) In a liquid crystal element having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of substrates in which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed on transparent electrodes, one of the alignment films on the opposing surface between the substrates is LB. A liquid crystal element characterized in that the other film is a polymer film. (2) The liquid crystal element according to claim 1, wherein the LB film is a film formed by laminating one or more layers of organic compounds represented by the following [1]. CH_3(CH_2)_n-X [1] (However, in formula [1], n = 5 to 30, X is OCH
_3, COCH_3, OC_2H_5, COOH, CO
C_2H_5, COOCH_3, COOC_2H_5,
NH_2, OH, CN, SH, SO_3H, OSO_3
H, CONH_2, NO_2, ONO_2, NHCON
Indicates one type of group selected from H_2, NHCOCH_3, and NHCOC_2H_5. (3) A liquid crystal element according to claim 2, in which X in the formula [1] appears on the liquid crystal layer side. (4) In claim 2, the organic compound is C
A liquid crystal element that is H_3(CH_2)_m-COOH. (However, m in the formula is m = 10 to 20.) (5
) In claim 2, the organic compound is CH_
3(CH_2)_m-NH_2. (However, m in the formula is m = 10 to 20.) (6
) The liquid crystal element according to claim 1, wherein the polymer film is polyimide. (7) A liquid crystal element according to claim 2, in which CH_3(CH_2)_n of the formula [1] appears on the liquid crystal layer side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5784187A JPS64516A (en) | 1987-02-16 | 1987-03-12 | Liquid crystal element |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3268587 | 1987-02-16 | ||
| JP62-32685 | 1987-02-16 | ||
| JP5784187A JPS64516A (en) | 1987-02-16 | 1987-03-12 | Liquid crystal element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01516A true JPH01516A (en) | 1989-01-05 |
| JPS64516A JPS64516A (en) | 1989-01-05 |
Family
ID=26371265
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5784187A Pending JPS64516A (en) | 1987-02-16 | 1987-03-12 | Liquid crystal element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS64516A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0441401A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-02-12 | Sakai Mieko | Resin-sealed pressed flower and preparation thereof |
| JP2928406B2 (en) * | 1991-05-13 | 1999-08-03 | 三枝子 酒井 | Manufacturing method of dried pressed flowers |
| JP5514850B2 (en) | 2012-03-08 | 2014-06-04 | あおい精機株式会社 | Conveying apparatus and conveying method |
-
1987
- 1987-03-12 JP JP5784187A patent/JPS64516A/en active Pending
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