JPH0130601B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improved molding device for molding a large plate-shaped concrete product using concrete with a slump value of zero using an immediate demolding method.

Conventionally, large-sized concrete products are generally formed using the pour-in method. This pouring method prepares a large number of formworks, pours concrete with sufficient fluidity into each formwork, arranges the formworks in a large curing field, and after the poured concrete hardens, each mold The product is removed from the mold by folding down the four side plates or surrounding frames to open the form.

This invention reduces the equipment cost and labor,
The purpose is to change this to an immediate demolding method.
However, the instant demolding method was originally developed for the mass production of relatively small concrete blocks. The formwork is the center of an automatic forming device, concrete with a slump value of zero is poured into it, vibration and pressing are applied, and the concrete product that has just been solidified is turned over or dropped, or the formwork is not turned over.
It projects the product upward or to the side.

In theory, even if the product changes to a concrete plate, the automatic molding equipment for immediate demolding can be used as before.
It can be said that the design should be designed accordingly. However, for example, even with a concrete plate of about 1 m square, the equipment becomes huge, and in particular, the reversal of the formwork for demolding, the ejection, and the transportation equipment become spatially difficult. For this reason, some methods have been adopted in which the formwork filled with concrete is taken out of the molding machine, sent to a curing area, and then laid face down on the ground, and the formwork is pulled out manually, leaving the product on the ground. Immediate demolding is a difficult and non-modern method.

The instant demolding method is based on the same principle as a child's game of filling a bowl with snow, inverting it, and dropping it to form hemispheres of snow one after another. On the other hand, the pour molding method
Fill the box with water, leave it overnight to freeze, and the next day,
It's like flipping down the side of a box and taking out a block of ice. It was common knowledge or a fixed concept in concrete product forming technology that slightly larger concrete plates should be made using the latter method. In this invention, the formwork for the concrete plate corresponding to the upper box is composed of a side plate or a surrounding frame with both upper and lower sides open, and a bottom plate on which this surrounding frame is placed, and concrete with a slump value of zero that will hit the snow is pre-measured onto this. However, it is hardened by vibration, press, and horizontal reciprocating motion of the press plate.
With this, even when filled with concrete with a slump value of zero, which has a higher porosity than fluid concrete, a reliable product with a constant weight, which indicates product quality, can be obtained.

In addition, unlike conventional instant demolding, the mold is not literally demolded immediately using a mold built into the molding machine.
The formwork can be moved in and out of the forming machine (concrete loading area), the formwork filled with concrete with a slump value of zero is transferred to the demolding area, and the product is removed from the bottom plate of the formwork by mechanically lifting the side plates or surrounding frames. The machine is designed to remove the mold from the top, and is used as a large-sized plate-shaped concrete product forming apparatus, consisting of a peripheral frame with both upper and lower sides open, and a bottom plate that is placed on the upper surface of the peripheral frame to prevent it from moving laterally. A formwork for immediate demolding with handles protruding outward from both sides of the surrounding frame and bottom plate, a preparation area where the formwork is assembled by placing the surrounding frame on the bottom plate, a shaking table, and a top of the shaking table. a concrete supply field equipped with a charging device for charging hard mixed concrete to be formed into a product into the formwork placed on the mold; a demolding table for placing the mold into which the hard mixed concrete has been charged; A lifting device is provided for lifting the surrounding frame with a hand protruding from the surrounding frame of the form placed on the mold table, the lifting device lifts the surrounding frame and demolds the product onto the bottom plate, and the product is removed from the bottom plate. a demolding area for transporting the entire formwork to the curing area; a concrete supply area for suspending the formwork from the preparation area using handles protruding from the bottom plate of the formwork;
Lowering the formwork from the concrete supply area to the demolding area, suspending the surrounding frame from the surrounding frame of the formwork with a handle protruding outward, and lowering the surrounding frame from the demolding area to the preparation area. The present invention is characterized in that the concrete supply field is provided with a vibrator above a vibrating table, and a press device that horizontally reciprocates and is movable up and down.

This will be explained below using the drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show concrete loading site 1 of this invention.
This is an example of a 00 machine, similar to a conventional instant demolding molding machine, but without any demolding equipment. That is, a shaking table 11, a concrete charging device 1 with a slump value of zero
2. There is only a press device 13.

3 and 4 show the mechanical equipment of the demolding station 200 unique to this invention. Figure 5 shows the mold being removed by pushing up the side plate of the mold. Figure 6 shows the product.

FIG. 8 shows a plan view of the entire equipment of this invention.
The above-mentioned concrete input field 100 and demolding field 200
In addition to this, there is a preparation area 300 where formwork 1 etc. are placed, a preparation area 300 where the formwork 1 is placed, and a concrete input area 10.
0. Hanging equipment conveyance equipment 40 for circulation to demolding place 200
0. In this example, there is a hoist (not shown) running on a ceiling rail, and a conveyance path 500 for delivering demolded products to a curing area. Figure 8 shows the bottom plate 1 of the formwork, which will be described later.
Since the bottom plate 1a separates from the side plate and goes to the curing area instead of a pallet for transportation, only the bottom plate 1a is moved one after another to the preparation area 3.
It is designed to be supplied onto the roller conveyor 31 of 00.

In the forming process of the present invention, first, a plate form 1 with an open top located in a preparation area 300 is selected using, in this case, a hoist 401 and a hanging tool 104, and placed on a vibration table 11 in a concrete charging area 100. 1st, 2nd
The figure shows the situation. To formwork 1 on this shaking table,
Concrete having a slump value of zero is charged into the formwork 1 by a pre-measured required weight from a concrete charging device 12. The raised ivy portion is roughly leveled by hand or by a machine. Before or after that, the vibration table 11 is started and the formwork 1 is vibrated.

Feed conveyor 12 of concrete charging device 12
Since a moves backward after concrete is poured, the press plate 13a of the press device 13 is lowered to press down the upper surface of the poured concrete, and at the same time, the press plate 13a is horizontally reciprocated. This press plate 13
By the rolling down and rotational movement of a, the upper surface of the concrete is pushed out to a flat surface along the upper edge of the formwork 1, and the press plate 13a is stopped and pulled up. This means that an accurate amount of concrete has been formed into a fixed shape.

This completes the process at the concrete input site 100, and the formwork 1 is taken out from the shaking table 11 and transferred onto the demolding table 21 of the demolding site 200. In this example, a fluid pressure cylinder 15 is provided to push out the formwork 1 on the vibration table 11 once onto the pedestal 14, and the formwork 1 is attached to the hoist of the lifting tool conveyance equipment 400 on the pedestal 14. There is.

The demolding table 21 removes the mold mechanically, unlike a mold demolding station using a cast molding method. In this embodiment, only the side plates of the formwork 1 are pushed up as shown in FIG. 5 by lifting devices 22 such as two hydraulic cylinders on the left and right sides.
Product M is left on the bottom plate 1a. If the product concrete is difficult to fall off simply by pushing up the side plates, it is sufficient to apply vibration to the formwork, as developed earlier by the present inventor. If a portable vibrator is hung from the ceiling of the demolding area, it can be used as needed.

The demolded product M is transferred to a transfer path 500 for a curing area, and the pushed-up side plate 1b is returned to the preparation area 300 by a transfer facility 400. In this embodiment, only the side plates of the formwork 1 are returned, so they are lowered onto the bottom plate prepared in the preparation area 300 and joined there.

The above process is repeated, and each time the formwork 1 rotates, one product is sent to the curing area.

Next, the above-mentioned concrete plate forming equipment will be explained in detail with reference to the same drawing.

First, the formwork 1 to be used consists of a bottom plate 1a for forming the surface side _M0 of the product M, which is a concrete plate, and a side plate 1b which is removably attached to this bottom plate 1a and has a core rod 17 with a pull-out handle 16 passed therethrough. There is. In this case, the bottom plate 1a and the side plate 1b are connected by simply placing the lower edge of the side plate 1b on the periphery of the bottom plate 1a, and using the positioning piece 1.
8. Due to the large number of people, just restraining and tightening bolts,
It is simple and does not require clamp connection. When transporting them in a combined state, they can be hung by hanging wire ropes of a hoist on hanging rods 19 protruding from both sides of the bottom plate 1a.

The formwork 1 is transported from the preparation area 300 and, in this example, is first lowered onto the pedestal 14 and placed on the hydraulic cylinder 15.
Transfer it onto the shaking table 11 by using the following steps. Concrete charging device 1 having a base frame 101 with its cylinder 15 attached
2 is a belt conveyor 12 of a feeding device below a hopper 12b containing concrete with a slump value of zero.
A is attached, and its supply end is placed on wheels running on the horizontal part of the machine frame 101 so as to advance the top of the formwork 1 on the shaking table 11 and retreat. Its forward movement is
When the press device 13 moving on the same horizontal part of the machine frame 101 is pulled to the right in FIG. 103 drives the rack rod on the concrete charging device 12 side. In other words, one cylinder 102 is used to connect the concrete charging device 12 and the press device 1.
3 move in conjunction with each other in the opposite direction. When the concrete supply end advances onto the formwork 1, the press device 13 is moved back to prevent the head of the worker who is leveling the concrete poured into the formwork 1 from hitting the press plate. When the concrete charging device 12 retreats, the press device 13 returns to the top of the formwork 1 and immediately begins the rolling process.

The press device 13 includes a press plate 13a that flattens the poured concrete, and a drive device that horizontally reciprocates the press plate 13a, that is, a hydraulic cylinder 13b that reciprocates a vertical bar 13d standing on a support plate 13c. A vibration motor 13e is attached to the upper surface of the press plate 13a to directly apply vibration to the upper surface of the concrete. Concrete with a slump value of zero does not flow like concrete for pouring, and moves little in the lateral direction even when rolled down from above. It is only through the cooperation of the vibration, reduction, and horizontal rotation of the press plate that a homogeneous concrete plate can be obtained as a whole.

When the concrete has been poured and rolled down, the cylinder 15 described above pushes the formwork 1 onto the pedestal 14, and a wire rope is tied to the hanging rod 19 on the bottom plate of the formwork 1, which is transferred to the conveyor 40.
0 to take it out from the cradle 14. The demolding table 21 on which the formwork 1 is placed has the function of pushing up the handle 24 of the side plate 1b via the V-groove piece 23 by the lifting device 22 consisting of four fluid pressure cylinders as described above. , the formwork 1 is placed so that the handles 24 are located directly above each of the V-groove pieces 23. It is preferable that the demolding table 21 is provided with a mold bottom plate guide and positioning material.

Figures 3 and 4 show the formwork 1 being lowered onto the demolding table 21, the wire rope of the hanging tool 104 hung on the hanging rod 19 being changed to the handle 24, and then the side plate 1
Only b can be transported. Also, core rod 17
Turn the handle 16 and pull it out. After removing the mold, it is attached to the side plate and returned to the preparation area.

The side plate 1 is lifted by the lifting device 22 as shown in FIG.
After pushing up the side plate 1b, the side plate 1b is transported to the preparation area 300, and after oiling, mortar application, spraying, etc., is lowered so as to fit onto the waiting bottom plate 1a. On the other hand, the product M on the bottom plate 1a remaining on the demolding table 21 is transferred to the conveyance path 500 toward the curing field. The side plate 1b placed on the bottom plate 1a at the preparation area 300 is transferred to the concrete loading area 10 by the conveyance equipment 400 as shown by the arrow in FIG.
It is circulated from the shaking table 11 at No. 0 to the demolding table 21 at the demolding station 200, and then back to the preparation station 300.

As shown in FIG. 7, the side plate 1b of the formwork 1 is connected to the bottom plate 1.
It is a device that can slide up and down against a, and when a fixed amount of concrete is poured into the formwork, the press plate 13a is lowered to close the open surface of the side plate 1b, and while pressing down the upper edge of the side plate 1b supported by the spring 105. The concrete inside is rolled down and rotated horizontally. Therefore, there is no waste of concrete compared to the conventional method of pouring excess concrete and rolling it down while shaking off a portion of the concrete so that the upper surface of the concrete is aligned with the upper edge of the formwork.
Although the handles and hanging rods of the formwork in FIG. 7 are omitted, they can be handled in the same manner as those of the previous embodiment.

Further, FIG. 7 shows the inside of the hopper 12b and the measuring section 12c below it. A well-known impeller 25 is attached to the concrete dropping opening of the hopper 12b, and concrete is dropped only when the impeller 25 is rotated by a motor (not shown) on the side of the hopper. The weighing section 12c below is suspended below the hopper 12b, and its weight is measured by a weighing device 2.
By measuring at 6, the weight of the concrete inside can be determined. When the amount of concrete that has fallen into the metering section 12c reaches the amount that can be fed into the formwork at one time, the fluid pressure cylinder 27 is actuated by an electric signal or manually to open the bottom plate of the metering section 12c. At the same time, the conveyor 12a is started to feed concrete to the formwork 1 as shown in the figure.

In addition to preliminarily weighing each batch as described above, concrete can also be supplied quantitatively using a well-known integrating weight meter that measures and integrates the flow rate while passing through the conveyor 12a or falling from the conveyor 12a.

The conveyance means is also an important element of this invention, and the one most suitable for the factory conditions, such as a hoist, crane, or various conveyor, is selected.

The product was a concrete board, but this is roughly as follows.
The term refers to concrete products produced in a factory that are plate-shaped, and the target products of this invention include those that are difficult to call plates, such as the example product shown in FIG.

This invention enables concrete plates to be made with the same size and shape as those conventionally made by casting.
The original purpose of switching to an immediate demolding method was achieved in the simplest way without compromising quality. The factors that made this successful, that is, the technical effects of this invention, are listed below.

(a) The top surface of the poured concrete is directly pressed down with a press plate without using the conventional product surface forming pallet, etc., and the press plate is moved horizontally back and forth while the vibration table is vibrating, thereby reducing the problem of poor fluidity. Concrete with a slump value of zero must be firmly and evenly pushed into a horizontally wide formwork and will not collapse even if it is immediately demolded.

(b) The press plate presses down the required weight of concrete to the upper edge of the formwork with a certain volume;
To ensure that a constant product weight and density can be obtained even with concrete with a slump value of zero, which tends to create voids and change density. This is extremely important when strength and reliability are important, such as in concrete plates for civil engineering.

(c) The formwork filled with concrete is taken out from the shaking table and mechanically demolded at a different location, so even the same mechanical demolding is done with no technical difficulty compared to doing it inside a conventional molding machine. There isn't.

(d) Since the vibration table, demolding table, and preparation area are connected by transport equipment and the formwork is circulated, the transport time seems to be extra, but in reality, the conventional instant demolding molding machine is space-efficient. Just as it has spread, it has retained its strengths and eliminated its weaknesses.

(e) In the case of a formwork using a core rod, the core rod can be easily removed in the demolding station of the present invention, which was troublesome in conventional instant demolding.

(f) In the formwork for large concrete slabs, both the side plates and the bottom plate must be moved by a crane, but with the equipment of this invention, both sides are equipped with hanging rods and handles that are easy to hang, and both can be simply fitted together. Since it can be assembled into a formwork, it is easy to assemble using hanging tools, and it is easy to transport either as a formwork or alone.

(g) Concrete loading, demolding, and preparation work, which were performed at the same location in the conventional instant demolding method, are performed simultaneously at three locations in this invention, and heavy side plates can be easily circulated and reused using lifting equipment. Because the bottom plate also serves as a transport pallet and is sent to the curing area, extremely high productivity was achieved as a large product. Due to the above factors, we were able to immediately demold large concrete plates. Just to be sure, compared to pour molding, this invention does not require a large number of formworks to be left in a curing field as in the past, so only a small number of formworks are required, the site area can be reduced, and the concrete Since the mold is removed before it sticks to the frame, it takes full advantage of all the advantages of instant demolding, such as greatly simplifying the difficult process of demolding.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are a side view and a front view of a concrete loading field machine, which is one embodiment of the present invention, and Figures 3 and 2 are
Figure 4 is a front and side view of the demolding table in the demolding shop, Figure 5 is a front view of the side plate of the formwork in Figure 3 that has been pushed up and demolded, and Figure 6 is an example of a concrete plate as a product. A perspective view, FIG. 7 is a cross-section of another embodiment of the formwork and an explanatory diagram showing its usage state, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of the entire equipment of the above embodiment. 1... Formwork, 11... Shaking table, 12... Concrete charging device, 13... Press device, 21...
Demolding table, 400...Hanging tool conveyance equipment.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Consists of a surrounding frame 1b with both upper and lower sides open, and a bottom plate 1a placed on the upper surface of the surrounding frame so as not to move laterally, and handles 19, 24 are provided from both sides of the surrounding frame and the bottom plate, respectively. Formwork 1 for immediate demolding with protruding outwards
, a preparation area 300 for assembling the formwork 1 by placing the surrounding frame 1b on the bottom plate 1a, a vibration table 11, and the formwork 1 placed on the vibration table.
a concrete supply field 100 equipped with a charging device 12 for charging hard-mixed concrete to be formed into a product; a demolding table 21 on which the formwork 1 loaded with the hard-mixed concrete is placed; and the demolding table. A lifting device 22 is provided for lifting the surrounding frame with a handle 24 projecting outward from the surrounding frame 1b of the formwork placed above, and the lifting device lifts the surrounding frame and demolds the product M onto the bottom plate 1a. A demolding station 200 for transporting the product M together with the bottom plate 1a to a curing area; and a handle 19 protruding outward from the bottom plate 1a of the formwork.
The formwork 1 is suspended from the preparation area 300 to the concrete supply area 100 and the concrete supply area 1
At the same time, the formwork 1 is lowered from the demolding area 200 to the demolding area 200, and the surrounding frame is suspended from the surrounding frame 1b of the formwork by the handles 24 protruding outward, and the surrounding frame is lowered from the demolding area 200 to the preparation area 300. The concrete supply field 100 is equipped with a movable hanging device 400 for lowering the frame 1b.
1. A large-sized plate-shaped concrete product forming apparatus characterized in that a vibrator 13e is provided above the press apparatus 13, and a press apparatus 13 that can horizontally reciprocate and move up and down is provided.