JP2020185775A - Concrete block molding device and method for molding the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a block molding device producing a decorative block having a dense and uniform composition, also having excellent strength properties, and further having a beautiful finish, and a method for molding the same.SOLUTION: A molding mold 1 comprises an advanceable decorative face formation board 6. A molding actuation apparatus 8 is composed of: a pressure actuation body 10 supported by a bearing body 9, having a tip connected to the decorative face formation board 6 and advanced or retreated; and a pushing air bag 11 and a return air bag expanded by the air fed from air feed means 13 and pushing and retreating the decorative face formation board 6. A pressure striking apparatus 18 pressurizing concrete for instant demolding filled into the molding mold 1 and striking the same is composed of a pressure striking board 20 rollable in elevating and horizontal directions; and a hydraulic cylinder 23 for rolling the pressure striking board 20, and the molding mold 1 and the molding actuation apparatus 8 are inverted up and down by an inversion apparatus 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

In the present invention, the front surface of a concrete block used for a revetment, a retaining wall, etc. is formed on a decorative surface to increase the strength, and the excess concrete for immediate demolding is scraped off at the time of molding to form a concrete block with a beautiful finish. The present invention relates to a concrete block forming apparatus and a forming method thereof.

The front surface of the concrete blocks that make up the revetment and retaining wall is formed on a decorative surface such as a pattern of natural stones lined up or a stone wall pattern to enhance the landscape and improve the appearance quality of the structure. .. The concrete block having a decorative surface on the front surface (hereinafter referred to as a decorative block) has a problem that it cannot be easily removed from the molding die because the decorative surface has an uneven shape. For this reason, conventionally, a method has been used in which the decorative surface forming plate is separated from the mold together with the decorative block each time the mold is removed from the mold. Further, a method of retracting the decorative surface-molded plate at the time of demolding by a drive source such as hydraulic, pneumatic or electric is adopted, but improvement in molding efficiency is desired.

Therefore, in the molding form including the front plate 1, the back plate 2, the side surface plates 3, 3 and the vertical pressing plate 4, at least the front plate 1 is used as a molding mold for imparting an uneven pattern to the concrete block of the molded body. A concrete block forming formwork device having a configuration in which a front plate 1 is provided with advancing / retreating means 8 that is movable in the front-rear direction beyond a distance that allows the concrete block to be removed has been proposed (Patent Document 1).

Further, using the formwork 1 in which the concave portion 1a for molding is formed and the upper surface is open, the ready-mixed concrete c is put into the concave portion 1a with the mold 1 facing upward, and a pattern is formed on the upper surface of the ready-mixed concrete c. With the protective plate 8 fixed on the upper surface of the mold 1 from which the mold 5 has been removed, the mold 1 is turned upside down, and the protective plate 8 is laid on the cradle 9. A method for producing a concrete block has been proposed in which the ready-mixed concrete c is reprinted, the pedestal 9 is lowered, the uncured concrete product is extracted from the formwork 1, and the concrete block is cured (Patent Document 2).

JP-A-2002-67023 Japanese Patent No. 5216202

The prior art of Patent Document 1 has a structure in which an advancing / retreating means 8 is arranged in front of the molding die, a punching die 12 is arranged in the rear, a product elevating means 7 is arranged in the lower part, and a vertical pressing plate 4 is arranged in the upper part. It is complicated, and there is a problem that through holes 13 and 14 are formed in the molded body block 15 by providing through holes 9 and 10 for inserting a die in the molding die, and a means for dealing with vibration by a vibrating means. There is a problem that it is not clear.

Further, the prior art of Patent Document 2 is a method of manufacturing a concrete block in which a pair of legs f and f are projected from the back surface of a quadrangular main body b having an appropriate thickness, and the shape of the block is also relatively simple. It is a simple method such as pressing the template from above with a simple shape, and since it does not use a vibration device, it is not suitable for forming blocks with uneven pattern surfaces and strong blocks. There is a problem that it is.

Further, when a concrete block is molded by a molding die, the concrete material may not be filled without gaps and voids may be formed depending on the internal shape of the molding die, and bubbles may be formed during filling of the concrete material. Therefore, vibration is usually applied by a vibration exciter to prevent the formation of cavities and bubbles.
However, there is a limit to forming a concrete block having a dense and uniform composition without cavities or bubbles only by vibration, and there is also a problem that a product lacking in strength is manufactured because the composition is not uniform.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems of the prior art, and the composition is formed by surely removing voids in the molding mold and air bubbles in the concrete which cannot be removed only by vibration when molding the concrete block. An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete block forming apparatus and a forming method thereof, which are excellent in strength because they are dense and uniform, and can produce a decorative block with a beautiful finish by scraping off excess concrete for immediate demolding. And.

(1) The means for constituting the invention according to claim 1 for solving the above-mentioned problems is that the molding mold for molding the concrete block has a bottom plate, three side plates rising from the bottom plate, and an inner surface having a decorative surface. The molding operation device is composed of a decorative surface forming plate formed on the forming surface and capable of advancing and retreating on the bottom plate, and the molding operation device is supported by the support body provided on the bottom plate and the tip of the decorative surface forming plate. A pressure-acting body that moves forward and backward while being connected to the support body, and is arranged in the pressure-acting body located in front of and behind the support body, and is expanded by the fluid supplied from the fluid supply means to push the decorative surface forming plate. The pressure scraping device is composed of an elastic pusher and an elastic return body that retracts the pressure actuating body and retracts the decorative surface forming plate, and pressurizes and scrapes the concrete for immediate demolding filled in the molding die. A pressure scraping plate that is pivotally supported by an elevating mechanism above the molding die and can rotate in the horizontal direction, and is connected to the elevating mechanism and the pressure sliding plate to rotate the pressure scraping plate. It is composed of a driving means, and the molding die and the molding operating device are configured to be inverted up and down by an inversion device.
(2) Then, the molding die may have a core that stands up from the bottom plate.
(3) Further, the molding die may be vibrated by a vibration exciter.
(4) Further, the driving means may be composed of a hydraulic cylinder provided in the elevating mechanism and a piston which is inserted into the hydraulic cylinder so as to be able to advance and retreat and whose tip side is connected to the pressure scraping plate.
(5) Further, the fluid supplied from the fluid supply means to the elastic pusher and the elastic return body, respectively, may be air.
(6) Further, the means for constituting the invention according to claim 6 is that a molding die formed of a decorative surface forming plate capable of advancing and retreating one side surface by a molding operating device is immediately vibrated by a vibrating device. By filling a heap of concrete for demolding and lowering the pressure scraping plate from above the molding die to pressurize, voids in the molding die and air bubbles in the concrete for immediate demolding are removed and the concrete is densely filled. After that, the pressure scraping plate was rotated to scrape off the excess concrete for immediate demolding along the filling port of the molding die.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the voids and air bubbles formed when the molding mold is filled with concrete for immediate demolding are removed by applying pressure in addition to vibration, the composition is dense and uniform, so that the strength is high. Can manufacture excellent concrete blocks.
(2) The excess concrete for immediate demolding that overflows the filling port of the molding die due to the pressurizing process is scraped off with a pressure scraping plate to eliminate the excess that protrudes from the filling port of the molding die, resulting in a block with a good finish. Can be molded.
(3) Since the pressurizing step and the scraping step are continuously performed by one pressurized sliding plate, the efficiency of the block forming work is excellent and the mechanism can be made simple.
(4) Since the molding operation device is configured to use an elastic pusher and an elastic return body that expand with a fluid to absorb vibrations caused by the vibration exciter, a mechanism that uses an oil / pneumatic cylinder as the molding operation means is used. Since the necessary anti-vibration means can be eliminated, the durability of the molding operation device, the simplification of the mechanism, and the reduction of the manufacturing cost can be achieved.

It is an overall block diagram of the concrete block molding apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the pressure scraping apparatus. It is the schematic of the other side mechanism part of a reversing device. It is explanatory drawing of the state in which the molding mold was filled with concrete for immediate demolding. It is explanatory drawing which shows the pressurization and scraping process of concrete for immediate demolding filled in a block molding die. It is explanatory drawing of the state in which the pressure sliding plate is pulled up. It is explanatory drawing of the state in which the receiving pallet is placed on the molding die after filling. It is explanatory drawing of the state which the receiving pallet was turned upside down. It is explanatory drawing of the state of removing a concrete block from a molding die.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a molding die for molding a concrete decorative block A, which is made of a steel plate and a steel material, and the upper end opening is a filling port 1A. Reference numeral 2 denotes a bottom plate constituting the molding die 1, and the bottom plate 2 is made of a rectangular steel plate having flat upper and lower surfaces. Reference numeral 3 denotes a rear side plate erected on the edge side of one side of the bottom plate 2, and 4 and 4 indicate left and right plates erected on the other edge side of the bottom plate 2 connected to both ends of the rear side plate 3. The side plates 3 and the left and right plates 4 and 4 are made of rectangular steel plates set in consideration of the height of the decorative block A to be formed.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a core projecting from the upper surface 2A of the bottom plate 2, and a filling space B for immediate demolding concrete is formed between the core 5 and the side plates 3, 4, and 4 on the three surfaces. The core 5 is formed in a hollow box shape by four vertical plates 5A, 5A, ... Made of steel plates, and a top plate 5B connected to the upper end of the vertical plates 5A.
Here, the concrete for immediate demolding used in the present embodiment is also referred to as hard-kneaded concrete, which has zero slump and has a lower water content than high slump concrete and is suitable for immediate demolding. Is.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a decorative surface forming plate for forming the uneven decorative surface a of the decorative block A, and the decorative surface forming plate 6 includes a substrate portion 6A made of a steel plate set to have the same size as the rear side plate 3 and the decorative surface forming plate 6. It is composed of a decorative surface forming portion 6B made of synthetic resin formed on the inner surface facing the core 5 of the substrate portion 6A.
The decorative surface forming plate 6 is supported by a molding operation device 8 described later in a state of facing the core 5, and moves back and forth on the bottom plate 2 in the directions (a) and (b).

Thus, the molding die 1 is erected on the bottom plate 2, the three side plates 3, 4, 4 erected on the bottom plate 2, and the side plates 3, 4, 4, and forms a filling space B between the side plates 3, 4, and 4. It is composed of a core 5 to be formed and a decorative surface forming plate 6 having a decorative surface forming surface 6B facing the core 5 and advancing and retreating. An electric vibration exciter 7 is provided on the lower surface 2B of the bottom plate 2.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a molding operation device for advancing and retreating the decorative surface forming plate 6 in the directions a and b. Reference numeral 9 denotes a support plate having a substantially U-shape in a plan view, which constitutes the molding operation device 8 and is erected on the bottom plate 2. The support plates 9 are separated from each other at the top and bottom to form sliding contact holes 9A and 9A. There is. Reference numeral 10 denotes a pressure actuating body supported by the support plate 9 and displaceable in the front-rear direction in the directions a and b. The pressure actuating body 10 is a movable receiving plate 10A and the movable receiving plate 10A from the front surface to the front. The decorative surface forming plate 6 is projected and fixed to the tip, and is composed of lower sliding arms 10B and 10B.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a pushing airbag as an elastic pushing body that advances the pressure operating body 10 in the direction indicated by the arrow. The push airbag 11 is made of a rubber bag that can be expanded and contracted, and is sandwiched between the support plate 9 and the substrate portion 6A of the decorative surface forming plate 6. On the other hand, reference numeral 12 denotes a return airbag as an elastic return body that retracts the pressure actuating body 10 in the direction shown by the arrow. The return airbag 12 is also made of a rubber bag that can be expanded and contracted, and is sandwiched between the support plate 9 and the movable receiving plate 10A of the pressure actuator 10.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an air supply means for expanding / contracting the pushing airbag 11 and the returning airbag 12. The air supply means 13 is connected to an air pump 13A for supplying expansion air to the push airbag 11 and the return airbag 12, and one end side is connected to the air discharge port of the air pump, and the push air branches in the middle. A supply pipe 13B connected to the bag 11 and the return airbag 12 and a supply pipe 13B provided in the supply pipe 13B are provided to selectively switch the supply of air to the push airbag 11 and the return airbag 12, and push air. It is composed of a switching control valve 13C having exhaust ports 13C1 and 13C2 that selectively discharge the air discharged from the bag 11 and the return airbag 12 to the outside.

Next, reference numeral 14 denotes a reversing device for reversing the molding die 1 and the molding operating device 8 upside down. Reference numeral 15 denotes a one-side mechanism portion constituting the reversing device 14, and the one-side mechanism portion 15 has a left support 15A standing on the floor, a fixed slide board 15B fixed to the upper end side of the left support 15A, and the fixing. A rotary slide board 15C facing the slide board 15B and fixed to the side plate 4 of the molding die 1, and a drive motor 15D mounted on the left strut 15A and having the rotary shaft 15D ₁ inserted into the rotary slide board 15C. It is composed of.

On the other hand, reference numeral 16 denotes a other side mechanism portion constituting the reversing device 14, and the other side mechanism portion 16 includes a right support column 16A erected on the ground, a fixed slide board 16B fixed to the upper end side of the right support column 16A, and a flat surface. A rolling support piece 16C formed in a substantially U-shape visually, arranged so as to surround the movable receiving plate 10A of the pressure actuating body 10 and having the tip fixed to the support plate 9, and the rolling support piece 16C and a fixed slide. It is composed of a support shaft 16D inserted in the board 16B.

Thus, the molding die 1 and the molding actuating device 8 can be inverted up and down by the reversing device 14 including the one-side mechanism portion 15 and the other-side mechanism portion 16, and the molded decorative block A can be removed from the molding die 1. It is set to.

Next, reference numeral 17 denotes a support frame for supporting the molding die 1, the molding operating device 8, and the pressure scraping device 18 described later. The support frame 17 has four vertical frame members 17A, 17A, ... Arranged in a quadrangle in a plan view, and four horizontal frame members 17B, 17B erected at the upper ends of the vertical frame members 17A, 17A, ... , ..., An intermediate support member 17C laid horizontally at a position substantially intermediate in the height direction of a pair of vertical frame members 17A and 17A facing each other, and standing between each of the intermediate support members 17C and the horizontal frame member 17B. It is composed of two guide materials 17D and 17D in the front and rear.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a pressure scraping device provided on the support frame 17. Reference numeral 19 denotes an elevating mechanism that constitutes the pressure scraping device 18, and the elevating mechanism 19 is erected on both ends of the elevating member 19A and the elevating member 19A that is guided by the guide materials 17D and 17D to elevate and elevate. left to move up and down the timber 19A, a pair of right lifting hydraulic cylinder 19B, Yes constructed from a 19B, respective lifting hydraulic cylinder 19B to the cylinder tube 19B _1, is挿装in the cylinder tube 19B _1, the upper end Is composed of a piston rod 19B ₂ connected to a lifting member 19A.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a pressure scraping plate arranged under the elevating member 19A. The pressure scraping plate 20 is made of a steel plate having a size that covers the filling port 1A of the molding die 1, and the connecting plate 21 is fixed to the upper surface. The connecting plate 21 is rotatably attached to the lower side of the elevating member 19A by a support shaft 22, so that the pressure scraping plate 20 is pivotally supported in a state of being rotatable in two directions. There is.
Reference numerals 23 and 23 indicate a pair of rotating hydraulic cylinders that rotate the pressure scraping plate 20 to the left and right within a range of about 25 degrees, respectively. The pair of rotating hydraulic cylinders 23, 23 are arranged at positions symmetrical about 180 degrees to the left and right with respect to the support shaft 22, and the cylinder tube 23A is connected to the elevating member 19A via a bracket, and the piston rod 23B. Is axially attached to the connecting plate 22. As a result, the pressure scraping plate 20 rotates about the support shaft 22 by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 23.
Thus, the pressure scraping device 18 is configured to move the pressure scraping plate 20 up and down in two directions by the elevating mechanism 19 and pressurize the pressure scraping plate 20 at a pressure of about 1 to 1,5 tons.

The present embodiment has the above-described configuration, but next, a step of forming the decorative block A will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, the molding die 1 is in a state where the filling port 1A is directed upward, the pressure scraping plate 20 is raised and separated, and the filling port is vibrated by the vibrating device 7. From 1A, the filling space B is filled with concrete for immediate demolding by a conveyor device (not shown). During the filling operation of the concrete for immediate demolding, the vibrating device 7 vibrates the molding die 1, so that the concrete for immediate demolding is sequentially filled in the molding die 1, but the bulk is reduced by pressurization. Therefore, it is filled to a state where it is raised from the filling port 1A.

When the filling work of the concrete for immediate demolding is completed, the pressure scraping plate 20 is lowered in the direction indicated by the arrow, and about 1 to 1.5 tons of the concrete for immediate demolding rising from the filling port 1A of the molding die 1 is applied. Pressurize with the force of, and push it into the molding die 1 with a strong force. As a result, the composition is formed by crushing the voids formed between the molding die 1 and the concrete for immediate demolding at the time of filling and a large number of bubbles formed in the concrete for immediate demolding but not removed by vibration. Since it is molded into a dense and uniform state, it is possible to mold the decorative block A having excellent strength.

Even after pressurization, the concrete for immediate demolding is in a state of being raised from the filling port 1A, so this excess portion operates the rotating hydraulic cylinders 23 and 23 to move the pressurized scraping plate 20 clockwise and counterclockwise. Rotate within a range of about 25 degrees to scrape off the excess. By this step, the concrete for immediate demolding is formed on the same plane as the filling port 1A, so that the decorative block A with a beautiful finish can be formed.

When the pressurization and scraping of the concrete for immediate demolding filled in the molding die 1 are completed as shown in FIG. 6, the receiving pallet 24 is placed on the molding die 1 so as to close the filling port 1A as shown in FIG. The decorative block A is removed from the molding die 1 by inverting the molding die 1 and the molding actuating device 8 upside down by the reversing mechanism 14. After the mold is removed, it is cured while being placed on the receiving pallet 24.

In the present embodiment, the molding die 1 having the core 5 is used, but the present invention can also be used for a molding apparatus using a molding die without a core.

Further, in the present embodiment, the vibrating device 7 is arranged under the bottom plate 2 of the molding die 1, but the vibrating device 7 may be arranged on the rear side plate 3 or the side plate 4 of the molding die 1.

Further, in the present embodiment, the pressure scraping plate 20 is configured to be rotated by a pair of hydraulic cylinders 23, 23, but may be rotated by an electric or hydraulic motor.

Further, the reversing device 14 is not limited to the configuration of the present embodiment, and a known reversing device may be used.

1 Molding mold 2 Bottom plate 3, 4 Side plate 5 Core 6 Decorative surface forming plate 7 Vibration device 8 Molding operating device 9 Bearing 10 Pressure operating body 11 Pushing airbag (elastic pushing body)
12 Return airbag (elastic return body)
14 Reversing device 18 Pressurized sliding device 19 Elevating mechanism 20 Pressurized sliding plate 23 Hydraulic cylinder for rotation (drive source)

Claims (6)

A molding die for molding a concrete block is composed of a bottom plate, three side plates rising from the bottom plate, and a decorative surface forming plate whose inner surface is formed on the decorative surface forming surface and which can move forward and backward on the bottom plate. The actuating device includes a support body provided on the bottom plate, a pressure actuating body supported by the support body and advancing and retreating with the tip connected to the decorative surface forming plate, and the pressure located in front of and behind the support body. An elastic pusher that is disposed in the operating body and expands by the fluid supplied from the fluid supply means to push the decorative surface forming plate, and an elastic return body that retracts the pressure operating body to retract the decorative surface forming plate. The pressure scraping device, which is composed of the above and pressurizes and scrapes the concrete for immediate demolding filled in the molding die, is pivotally supported by an elevating mechanism above the molding die and can rotate in the horizontal direction. It is composed of a plate, an elevating mechanism and a driving means for rotating the pressure scraping plate, and the molding die and the molding operation device are inverted up and down by the reversing device. A molding device for concrete blocks made up of. The concrete block molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the molding die has a core that stands up from the bottom plate. The concrete block molding device according to claim 1, wherein the molding die is vibrated by a vibration device. The concrete block according to claim 1, wherein the drive means is composed of a hydraulic cylinder provided in the elevating mechanism and a piston that is movably inserted into the hydraulic cylinder and whose tip side is connected to the pressure scraping plate. Molding equipment. The concrete block molding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fluids supplied from the fluid supply means to the elastic pusher and the elastic return body are air, respectively. The molding die, which is composed of a decorative surface forming plate whose one side surface can be moved forward and backward by the molding actuating device, is filled with concrete for immediate demolding in a state of being vibrated by the exciting device, and pressed from above the molding die. By lowering and pressurizing the scraping plate, voids in the molding die and air bubbles in the concrete for immediate demolding are removed and the concrete is densely filled, and then the pressure scraping plate is rotated to form the molding die. A method of forming a concrete block in which excess concrete for immediate demolding is scraped off along the filling port.

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