JPH01293394A - Timing correcting device for play information on automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To represent a delicate nuance such as 'before-touch' and 'after- touch' which can not be represented on a score by correcting only timing which deviates exceeding a range time shorter than beat time length. CONSTITUTION:A play information storage means 1 is stored with play information on the timing of a change of play, a beat storage means 2 is stored with beat data for correcting the timing of the change of play into timing of every specific time length, and a range storage means 3 is stored with range data of shorter time length than the beat data. A decision means 4 decides whether or not the timing of the change of play deviates from the timing of the closest beat data by more than the range data as to play information from the play information storage means 1 and a correcting means 5 corrects the timing with large deviation. Consequently, the deviation in timing which is smaller than the range data is left and then timing which deviates by more than the range data can be held at a slight deviation position, thereby representing a delicate nuance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a device that performs automatic performance based on timings of changes in performance that are stored in advance, and particularly relates to a device that automatically performs musical performances based on timings of changes in performance that are stored in advance. The present invention relates to a timing correction device for performance information that corrects the timing of performance information.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention provides a timing correction device for performance information in an automatic performance device that corrects changes in performance at specific beat time intervals, and corrects large deviations that exceed a range time shorter than the beat time length. By doing this, we leave some small deviations and express subtle nuances such as "r" and "r" that cannot be expressed on musical scores.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, such a timing correction device for performance information, for example, corrects the timing at intervals of the time length of an eighth note as shown in FIG. 1 (1). In the case of 48 clock pulse times (hereinafter abbreviated as CK) (ICK is the unit time that is the standard for processing timing of performance information), the timing at the beginning of the measure is set to 1, and from this timing 1, the eighth note length is sequentially set. 2.3.4 Timing after hours
..., and the intermediate timing of each of these 1.2.3.4... is 1-2.2-3.3-4.4-5
..., the timing of the performance information change from 1 to 1-2 is 1, and from 1-2 to 2-3.
The change timing of the performance information at the timing up to is 2, the change timing of the performance information at the timing 2-3 to 3-4 is 3, and the change timing of the performance information at the timing 3-4 to 4-5. The timing of information changes is corrected to 4, respectively, and all are corrected accurately to the timing of the nearest eighth note length.

[The problem that the invention tries to solve! ! ! ] However, although this kind of correction is convenient for more accurate performance, in actual performance, it is not possible to play exactly according to the score, and there are differences between the original score, such as "first part" and "last part". There is a problem in that a slight deviation from the timing may produce subtle differences in nuance in the performance, and making complete correction would instead make the performance content inorganic.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the problem U mentioned above, and when correcting the timing of performance information, it automatically leaves a state slightly shifted from the original performance timing of the musical score such as "forward play" and "backward play". The purpose is to make the performance by the performance device highly artistic by being able to express subtle timing deviations.

[Means for Solving the Problem] In order to achieve the above object, the data output device of the present invention has the following features:
It was configured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the performance information storage means 1 stores performance information that stores the timing of changes in performance, and the beat storage means 2 stores performance information that stores the timing of changes in performance at specific time intervals. Beat data indicating the time length to be corrected to the timing of is stored, and the range storage means 3 stores range data having a time length shorter than the beat data. beat storage means 2 for the performance information of
Based on the beat data from and the range data from the range storage means 3, it is determined whether the timing of the change in performance deviates from the timing of every nearest beat data by more than the range data. Depending on this determination result,
A correction means 5 corrects the timing of change in performance even if the deviation is large. This correction is performed only at a position that is shifted by the amount of range data from the exact timing of every beat data, and normally, no correction is made for the range data that is not shifted. However, the correction position does not have to match the range data, and even if the deviation is less than the range data, it may be corrected toward a more accurate timing position, and the key point is to correct the deviation to a more accurate timing position. That's fine.

[Operation] In the above configuration, if the timing deviation is less than the range data, the deviation can be left as is, and if the deviation is more than the range data, the correction position may be slightly more than the correct timing for each beat data. It can be kept in a shifted position.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 shows an overall circuit diagram of a MIDI type automatic performance device, in which a key input section 11 is provided with an edit key 12, a cursor key 13, a note key 14, an incrementer 15, and a liquid crystal display section 16. It is being The edit key 12 is a key for selecting an edit mode that corrects the timing of changes in performance. When this mode is selected, each parameter is changed so that the parameters necessary for editing can be set, as shown in Figure 3. It is displayed on the liquid crystal display section 16. The incrementer 15 is used to set and change data such as each parameter, and when turned clockwise, the value is incremented, and when turned counterclockwise, the value is decremented. For each data such as displayed parameters,
This key moves the cursor and sequentially selects the values to be set or changed. The parameters displayed on the liquid crystal display section 16 include track number, note number, measure range, beat data, previous clock range, and subsequent clock range.

As shown in FIG. 4, the track number indicates the number of the track to be edited among tracks 1 to 32 of the floppy disk 17, which will be described later.Performance data for one song is stored in one track. The note number indicates either the melody, accompaniment, or rhythm in the performance data, but it can be more detailed, such as each octave in the melody, the pitch, only the bass in the accompaniment, only the backing, or in the rhythm. It is also possible to specify only the cymbals or only the bibutt. This designation is also selected by rotating the incrementer 15 to sequentially change the contents displayed on the cursor, and by stopping at a desired position. The measure range indicates the range of measures to be edited. For example, if it is "l~dan", it will be from the second measure to the eighth measure.
Indicates a range of measures.

The previous range data A indicates a range in which, when correcting the performance data to the timing of every beat data b, if the shift forward with respect to this correction timing is equal to or less than the previous range data A, the correction is not performed. ing. If the previous range data A is exceeded and the beat data b is shifted forward by half, the timing correction remains at the previous range data A. The rear range data B indicates the range in which, when the performance data is corrected to the timing of every beat data b, if the deviation to the rear with respect to the correction timing is 28 minutes or less on the subsequent range day, no correction is performed. There is. After this, if the range data B is exceeded and the timing is shifted backward by half of the beat data b, the timing correction remains at the range data B after this. The size of the range data A and B is selected and set by the number of CK (tallock pulses) by the incrementer 15, and is set to "12" if the time length is a 32nd note, for example.

The beat data b is data indicating the time length when the performance data is corrected to the timing at intervals of a specific time length,
The size of the beat data b is set by operating the note key 14 instead of using the incrementer 15. note? r-14 is a half note, a quarter note, an eighth note,
16th note, 32nd note, 64th note, half triplet, quarter triplet, eighth triplet, 16th triplet, 32nd triplet, 6
Consists of 16 types of keys: 43 stray notes, quarter quintuplets, eighth quintuplets, quarter septuplets, and eighth septuplets, and beat data b is set according to the note length of each key. .

The parameter data set by this key human power section 11 is
is stored in the parameter memory 18 by the CPU 19,
Edit processing is performed according to this parameter. C
Based on the program stored in the program memory 20, the PU 19 stores performance information stored in the floppy disk 17 to be edited in the data memory 2.
1 and edit it.

The floppy disk 17 has 32 disks as shown in FIG.
It has a storage capacity for tracks, and each track stores performance information for one song. Performance information for one song on each track is composed of a plurality of bar data, and each bar data is composed of one time signature data and a plurality of performance data.

There are two types of performance data: note data and other data, and note data consists of 1-byte data each for note number, step time, gate time, and velocity. The note number indicates the pitch, the step time indicates the time from the beginning of the measure to the key-on, the gate time indicates the time from the key-on to the key-off, and the velocity indicates the volume. Gate time of note data in Figure 4 Mark and gate time 2.3.4 are data areas used when the gate time is equal to or more than one byte.

Other data stores the contents of effect data such as pengu and aftertouch, and the data structure is as follows.
It consists of data type, step time, and value. The data type indicates the type of effect, the step time indicates the time from the beginning of the measure until the content of the effect changes, and the value indicates the magnitude of the change.

The data format of these note data and other data is converted when editing, but in this case, the note number, velocity, gate time, data type, and value remain the same, and the step time starts from the beginning of the track instead of from the beginning of the measure. is converted into data indicating the time of

The register memory 22 includes a T register, a "register", and a m register.
A register and an n register are provided.

Step time data for timing correction is set in the T register, count data indicating whether the step time is equal to beat data b@ is set in the Lujistar, and performance data read address data is set in the m register. is set, and read address data for measure data is set in the n register. Note that the CPU 19 receives MIDI data sent via the MIDI input terminal (MIDI IN) and stores it in the parameter memory 18.
, the data memory 21 or the floppy disk 17, and the data in these storage devices 17, 18, and 21 are sent to the MIDI output terminal (MIDI) by the CPU 19.
OUT> or input to the MIDI input terminal (MIDI IN) is sent directly to other MIDI instruments via the MIDI pass terminal (MIDI THRU).

The operation and effects of the automatic performance device having the above configuration will be described below.

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a program related to edit processing. This process sequentially reads the performance data in the measure data whose timing is to be corrected (steps 81 to 59) (step S1 below is simply referred to as 81, and the same applies to other steps), and the step time of the performance data is the beat data. Find out whether there is enough bWIA (this value becomes 1) (SIO~313). If this remainder exceeds the rear range data B and reaches half of the beat data b, correct it to the timing position bXj+B of the rear range data, and add the beat data. If it exceeds half b and does not reach the previous range data A, the timing position of the previous range data bx (J +1
)-A, and do not correct if the deviation is less than both range data (814-517) 0 Then sort the corrected data to the corresponding position (818-523), edit these processes and perform all specified performances. This is performed for the data and all measures (S24-527).

After setting the editing parameters using the cursor key 13, note key 14, and incrementer 15, when the display screen of the liquid crystal display section 16 switches to other display contents, the CPU 19 returns to the flowchart of FIG. CK of one measure of the song of the track to be edited.
(Clock pulse) The number P is calculated based on the time signature data (Sl), in this case CKl! kP indicates a unit time that is the standard for processing timing of performance information, and in this example, the eighth note length is 48CK, and the C for one measure is set as 48CK.
K number P is 96X4=384CK if it is 4/4 time
, if it is 6/8 time, it becomes 48 x 6 = 2880 0
Next, calculate the total number of clock pulses from the beginning of the track to the first measure of the measure range to be edited (S2).
In this case, if the first bar is "5", the number of tarok pulses for one bar is Px (n-1)=px4. Then, the performance data of that measure is converted into edit data and loaded from the floppy disk 17 into the data memory 21 (S3). At this time, the step time is Px(n
-1) is added and converted to represent the time from the beginning of the track.

Next, the CPU 19 sets the read address data m of the performance data as "IJ" (34) and reads out the note number of this first performance data (S5). If the parameter does not specify the note to be edited (36), the CPU 19 directly returns the note number to S5.
Proceed to step 6. If a note to be edited is specified, the read address data m is sequentially incremented by 1 and the note numbers of the performance data are read out one after another until the note number matching this note is read out (S5~ S8).

If a matching note is read here, the process advances to S9.

In S9, the CPU 19 stores the step time of the note number thus read in the T register, clears the register (310), and reads beat data b from the step time until the step time in the T register becomes less than beat data 5. Subtract many times and store the number of subtractions in Lujistar (811 to 313). If the step time becomes less than beat data 5 due to this subtraction, this data is larger than the subsequent range data B, and 1/2 beat data b/
2 or less (314), 1/2 beat data b/2
It is determined whether it is larger than the previous range data A and smaller than the previous range data A (S16).

To explain this determination using FIG. 1 (2) as an example, when the beat data b is 48 CK eighth notes, if the timing is between "1" and "2", "IB" ~ rl-2
J (S14) or “1-2” to “2A” (S16). If B<T≦b/
If it enters "IB" ~ rl-2J in 2, the data T is bXj
It is corrected to the timing of 10B, that is, "IB" and stored in the t register (S15), while b/2<T<b-A, rl-
If it enters 2J ~ "2A", the data T is b x (j + 1) -
A, that is, the timing of "2A" is corrected and stored in the t register (317), which is "2" to "3", "3" to "
4" is corrected in exactly the same way.

In this way, when correcting the timing of performance data, 8
"1", "2", "3" for each b unit of beat data of diacritic length
"It is not the exact timing of "4", but is corrected to a position that is shifted forward or backward by range data A and B, and the "front position" is corrected.
It is possible to preserve delicate timing expressions such as "r back paste".

In addition, "1" to "IB", r2AJ to "2" other than the above
The data at the timing when it enters is not corrected at all, and this is
The same is true for 2J to "3" and "3" to "4".

In this way, for small deviations that are less than the range data A and B, the deviations can be left as they are, and the delicate timing expressions of "forward" and "backward" can still be preserved.

At this time, if the corrected step time data exceeds the time of one measure, it will have to be reset for the next measure or later, so convert the corresponding measure data to editing data as in S3. The step time is loaded into the parameter memory 18 while converting the step time into time data from the beginning of the track (S18.319).

In this way, after timing correction is completed, CPU1
9 adds the corrected step time, gate time, note number, velocity, etc. to the end of the measure data to which the performance data should belong (S20), and adds the above-mentioned corrected performance data before correction to the measure data. 821), sort the corrected performance data added to the end of the measure in S20 above to the position in order of step time size)L (322), and transfer this sorted measure data back to the original. The data is converted into data and stored on the floppy disk 17 (323).

This kind of edit processing (35 to 523) is performed by the CPU1.
Step 9 is performed for all performance data of the measure data currently being processed (324) while sequentially incrementing the m register by 1 (
325), when the editing process for one measure is completed, the editing is performed for the entire specified measure range (826) while sequentially incrementing the n register by 1 (327).

In this embodiment, you can freely select the target for timing correction by selecting the note number.
Timing correction can be performed only on specific notes or musical tones, so that the performance content is not uniformly corrected.In particular, it is better not to perform timing correction on effect data such as bender or aftertouch, as it will improve performance and data. This is rather desirable in order to smoothen the processing, and this embodiment makes it possible.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but
For example, the value of the previous range data A and the value of the subsequent range data B do not need to match, and may be different values from each other.
The timing correction position may be different from the range data A and B by 1, and in this case, the position is 10B, -A in S15.317.
In addition, if the deviation is less than the range data, it may be completely corrected at the correct timing.
B, performs determination processing of T≧A−b, and converts data T into BxJ
), bx(J+1). Furthermore, the range data may be set using the note keys 14 instead of the incrementer 15.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, according to the present invention, if the timing shift is less than the range data, the shift can be left, and if the timing shift is greater than the range data, the correction position can be set. Since it is possible to keep the beat data at a position that is slightly off from the timing of the exact beat data, the automatic performance device can play the music by leaving a state that is slightly off from the original timing of the musical score, such as "first step" or "last step". can be made into something highly musical that can express subtle timing deviations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show embodiments of a timing correction device for performance information in an automatic performance device according to the present invention.
The figure shows the range of timing correction, Fig. 2 shows an overview of the present invention, and Fig. 3 shows an automatic performance bag! The fourth tooth is a diagram showing the storage format of the performance information on the floppy disk 17, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a program related to U19 edit processing. 12... Edit key, 14... Note key, 15
... Incrementer, 17... Floppy disk, 18... Parameter memory, 19... CPU, 2
1...Data memory, 22...Register memory.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Performance information storage means for storing the timing of changes in the performance, and beat data indicating the time length for correcting the timing of the change in the performance to be at intervals of a specific time length. a beat storage means for storing range data having a shorter time length than the beat data; and a range storage means for storing range data having a shorter time length than the beat data; 1. A timing correction device for performance information in an automatic performance device, comprising: a discriminating means for discriminating; and a compensating means for correcting the timing of a change in a performance with a large deviation according to the discriminating result of the discriminating means. .