JPH01281015A - Method for planting using packed cylindrical unit of obsidian based perlite - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent soil from being anaerobic by installing Packed cylindrical units filled with a specific obsidian based perlite in a vertical set state from the bottom to the ground surface of a planting hole and regulating the moisture content of soil in a proper state. CONSTITUTION:An obsidian based perlite having >=10.6 expansion ratio, >=66.8% opening porosity and 751.6-1083.9 product of both and a fertilizer sustaining for a prescribed period are filled in cylindrical units, having a suitable length and constituted of a material provided with dispersing holes, such as net. The packed cylindrical units (A) are raised up from the bottom to the ground surface and installed in a planting hole 6. The cylindrical units (A), together with roots of trees and plants, are embedded in the planting hole with soil and the top ends of the packed cylindrical units (A) are communicated to the air to prevent root rot of the trees and plants.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention is directed to the use of obsidian, which enables plants to take root and grow well when planting plants on a soil structure with poor drainage. This invention relates to a completely new planting method using perlite tubes.

[Conventional techniques, techniques and problems to be solved by inventions]

Clay ground, reclaimed ground, soft ground, sludge ground.

The soil that has been compacted by heavy machinery has poor water drainage, so even if plants are planted, the roots will have difficulty growing and the plant will wither and die.
Therefore, as a means of planting plants in such soil with poor drainage, several methods such as those described below have been conventionally used.

First, there is a method to improve the soil structure as a whole by excavating the soil over a wide area, paving the lower layer with cracked stones, crushed stones, etc. as a drainage aid, and then refilling the soil with the soil that has been used for planting. This method not only requires large construction costs and time, but also has the drawback that over time, the voids in the lower layer become clogged with clay and silt, resulting in poor water drainage.

In addition, drain pipes are buried underground to connect each planting hole and drain excess water from the soil.3 However, as with the above, this method only results in major losses in the construction work. Construction is impossible depending on the undulation of the land, surrounding buildings, underground objects, etc.In addition, even if accidents such as clogging or breakage of pipes occur underground, there are appropriate measures in place to deal with such accidents. I don't really like it because I don't have the means.

Furthermore, a method has been adopted in which the soil is improved only in the area where plants are planted. That is, a slightly wider planting hole is excavated in the area where planting is planned, and the inside of the hole is filled with soil for planting. This construction method requires less construction work than the previous method, so the construction cost is 2 hours less.
However, in the case of this planting method, the planting hole is dug in soil with poor drainage, so when there is a large amount of rainfall, water will accumulate in the planting hole. If the introduced soil were rich in organic matter, root rot would be accelerated and the plants would die. This will cause the process to be accelerated.

[Failure to solve the problem]

In view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention improves workability.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a planting method which is highly economical and which ensures the establishment and growth of plants even when planted in soil with poor drainage.

The planting method according to the present invention is characterized by excavating a planting hole in a planned planting area in bad soil with poor drainage, filling the bottom of the planting hole with obsidian-based perlite, and using a dispersion hole arrangement material such as a net. The foaming ratio is 10.6 or more, the open porosity is 66.8% or more, and the synergistic product of both is 751.6 to 1 in a cylinder of an appropriate length.
After installing a compact body made of obsidian pearlite in the range of 083°9 and fertilizer that will last for a predetermined period of time in the planting hole so as to rise from the bottom to the ground surface, The method is to bury the tubed body in an appropriate type of soil together with the roots of the plants to be planted, and to communicate the upper end of the tubed body with the atmosphere.

The expansion ratio referred to herein is the ratio of the specific gravity of obsidian before foaming to the bulk specific gravity of pearlite after foaming treatment, and corresponds to the increase in open pore volume in obsidian-based pearlite. Moreover, the open porosity is the ratio of the open pore volume per unit volume of pearlite. Therefore, the multiplicative product of the expansion ratio and the open porosity serves as an index indicating the total volume within all open pores of a unit pearlite.

[Effect]

Obsidian-based pearlite is a foam having many open pores on its surface, and when it comes into contact with water, water infiltrates into these open pores. By the way, open pores include independent pores and continuous pores. When independent pores come into contact with water, if the openings are below a certain size, water will not penetrate inside due to surface tension; in other words, water will trap air within each pore. Become. The air sealed within the closed pores has the effect of supplying dissolved oxygen to the water and preventing or delaying the water from becoming anaerobic.

On the other hand, in the case of continuous pores, water penetrates into the pores due to capillary action. Therefore, open pores do not contribute to the supply of dissolved oxygen to the contacting water, even for closed pores with openings larger than a certain size.

The present inventor has experimentally found that the ability of obsidian-based pearlite to supply dissolved oxygen to water has a positive correlation with the multiplicative product of expansion ratio and open porosity. As a result of several experiments, when the expansion ratio of obsidian pearlite is 10.6 or more, the open porosity is 66.8% or more, and the synergistic product of both is in the range of 751°6 to 1083.9, dissolved We have obtained the knowledge that the oxygen supply capacity is maximized. When limited as above, dissolved #i in water:
The reason why the element supply capacity is maximized is that among the open pores formed on the surface of obsidian-based pearlite, the ratio of closed pores that can form a sealed air chamber when it comes in contact with water is the highest, Junbuchi said. be done.

When plants are planted in poorly drained soil based on the method of the present invention, the obsidian-based pearlite tubes of the present invention rise up from the bottom of the planting hole to the ground surface and are buried together with the roots of the plants. The bottom of the planting hole is lined with obsidian pearlite, and the upper end of the tube is communicated with the atmosphere. Planting holes dug in soil with poor drainage become flooded with water, such as immediately after rainfall, resulting in water storage. If this condition persists, the soil becomes deficient in oxygen and root rot occurs. However, the obsidian-based pearlite according to the present invention has a large number of independent pores on its surface, and dissolved oxygen is supplied to the water in the soil from the air sealed in each independent pore. This prevents or delays the inside of the soil from becoming anaerobic, thereby preventing planted plants from developing root rot.

In addition, since the upper end of the tube-filled body communicates with the atmosphere, the obsidian-based pearlite absorbs the water stored in the planting hole and evaporates it into the atmosphere.In the past, excess water would not evaporate. , was limited to the soil surface in contact with the atmosphere. Therefore, it takes a considerable amount of time for the excess water at the bottom of the pile to drain out, which causes the soil to rot and cause root rot.

In contrast, according to the present invention, the cylindrical body connects the obsidian-based pearlite layer at the bottom of the planting hole with the ground surface, and the obsidian-based pearlite layer is spread over the bottom of the pile.
Water at the bottom of the soil can also be sucked up and dissipated into the atmosphere, thereby quickly removing excess water from the soil.

Furthermore, since obsidian-based pearlite is a foam, water is retained within its many open pores. In other words, it has excellent water retention, so after draining excess water, it maintains the soil in the planting hole at an appropriate moisture content. For reference, when comparing the water retention capacity for 24 hours when immersed in water, the limited obsidian pearlite described above has about 6.3 times that of ordinary crushed stone.

The tube body forms a conduit that connects the ground surface and the bottom of the pile, so when water is supplied to the soil surface as necessary,
Water travels efficiently through the tube from the ground surface to the bottom of the pile. Therefore, even a small amount of water can be reliably distributed to the tips of roots, which are important for the growth of plants.

Moreover, the obsidian-based pearlite filled in the tube-filled body gradually becomes integrated over time, so the water conduit formed by the tube-filled body remains stable in the soil for a long period of time. The effects of the present invention described above also persist for a long period of time.

The tube according to the present invention is filled with fertilizer, and the fertilizer remains for a predetermined period of time until the planted plants take root and grow to a certain extent. Therefore, each time water is supplied to the soil, nutrients necessary for the growth of plants are eluted from the tube and efficiently supplied to the roots.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained based on drawings showing embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a tube-packed body A used in the method of the present invention. The cylindrical body A is composed of a cylindrical body I, and obsidian-based pearlite grains 3 and fertilizer grains 4 filled in the cylindrical body I.

The cylindrical body 1 is a cylindrical mesh made of polyethylene fibers having a thickness of about 350 denier formed by a medium-low pressure method or the like. The dimensions of the cylinder l are 100 to 5000 mm in length and 10 to 500 mm in diameter.
The mesh has 9 holes for water passage and 1a for ventilation. The size of each dispersion hole 1a is smaller than the particle size of the obsidian pearlite particles 3 and fertilizer particles 4 to be filled.

Both ends lb, lb of the cylindrical body 1 are tied with a string 5 made of vinyl, hemp, etc., a metal wire, etc., and the whole body has a sausage-like appearance.

In addition to the above-mentioned polyethylene mesh tube, the cylinder body is
A large number of pores are drilled into a tube-shaped object made of resin or metal.
Both ends may be closed with lids made of the same material. A cylinder with such a configuration will exist semi-permanently in the soil. Alternatively, if the tube only needs to exist for a certain period of time until the roots take root and grow to a certain extent, the cylinder can be made of material that can change over time, such as woven paper or wood. be. In short, the material of the cylindrical body is not particularly limited as long as it has a large number of dispersion holes 1a whose pore diameter is smaller than that of the obsidian-based pearlite grains 3 and the fertilizer grains 4.

As a raw material for the obsidian-based pearlite grains 3 in this embodiment, for example, obsidian from Nagano Prefecture is used.

Then, from this obsidian that is fired at about soo-1ooo°C and foamed to look like baked gluten, particles of a size that can pass through a sieve of about 4 or more and 25 or less are selected.

The obsidian-based pearlite grains selected in this way are specified to have an expansion ratio of 10.6 or more, an open porosity of 66.8% or more, and a multiplicative product of both within the range of 751.6 to 1083.9. This applies to the following. That is, it is an obsidian pearlite grain that has a large number of independent pores on its surface and exhibits the maximum ability to supply dissolved oxygen.

The fertilizer grains 4 are commonly used compost.

Chemical slurry, excrement, etc. are solidified to a particle size that does not leak out from the dispersion hole 1a of the cylinder 1. (b) It is also possible to use a liquid fertilizer that has been impregnated with obsidian pearlite grains 3 in advance and dried. After planting, this fertilizer can be used as needed for the establishment and growth of plants. period of,
It is sufficient as long as it lasts, and its period is appropriately set based on the planting conditions.

Next, a planting method using the tube filler A constructed as described above will be explained using FIG. 2.

First, a planting hole 6 of an appropriate size is excavated in poorly drained soil 10 where plants are to be planted. The diameter and depth of this planting hole 6 are determined as appropriate depending on the type and size of plants, etc.
Next, the bottom of the planting hole 6 is filled with unpacked obsidian pearlite to form the lower layer 7. Subsequently, the tube filling body A is placed against the inner wall surface 6a of the planting hole 6, its lower end is sunk into the lower layer 7, and its upper end is exposed slightly above the surface of the soil 10. Thereafter, the roots of the plant to be planted are inserted into the planting hole 6, and buried together with the tube filler A in soil appropriately selected according to the type of plant. In this way, the canister A is installed rising from the bottom of the planting hole 6 to the ground surface, and thus the lower layer 7 and the atmosphere are communicated via the canister A. In addition, if desired, a protective cap may be fitted to the upper end of the cylindrical body A exposed to the ground surface.

The method of the present invention is not limited to the above, but can be modified as appropriate depending on the soil structure, planting environment, etc.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the planting method of the present invention, the tube filled with a specific type of obsidian-based pearlite is installed standing up from the bottom of the planting hole to the ground surface, so that the bottom of the planting hole and the atmosphere are connected to each other.
This will be communicated via the tube. Therefore, inside the planting hole, not only the part near the ground surface but also the lowest part.
Based on the action of X1 stone pearlite filled in the cylinder,
Soil moisture content is properly adjusted. Furthermore, wA
Dissolved #i elements are supplied by the large number of independent pores present on the surface of the Akebono-mangoku pearlite, thereby preventing the soil from becoming anaerobic. Therefore, even if plants are planted in poor soil with poor drainage, there is no risk of root rot in the plants. It takes about 2 to 4 years for this to occur, during which time the obsidian-based pearlite is integrated and a stable waterway is formed.

Therefore, since the root rot prevention effect is maintained over a long period of time, the plants will not wither and die, and good growth will be ensured.

In addition, the cylindrical body buried in the soil not only functions as a conduit that communicates the bottom of the planting hole with the atmosphere, but also effectively functions as an exhaust path for gases harmful to plants generated in the soil.

Moreover, since the tube is filled with fertilizer along with obsidian perlite, the labor of cleaning after planting is omitted.

Furthermore, the roots of plants have the habit of cautiously approaching sources of water, RL & elements, nutrients, etc., so as they grow, the roots wrap around the tube and build a solid foundation. Become.

In addition, the cylindrical body according to the present invention is extremely lightweight because the obsidian pearlite and the material are filled together in the cylindrical body, and is easy to transport, store, and handle. In addition, the method of the present invention involves small-scale improvement of only the planting holes, unlike full-scale improvement of the soil structure, so the construction cost is 9 hours less, and it also has the advantage that no special technology is required for construction. There is.

As described above, the present invention provides a planting method that exhibits many excellent effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an embodiment of the tube filler used in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a soil to be planted showing an intermediate stage of implementing the planting method of the present invention. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for planting plants in bad soil with poor drainage, in which a planting hole is excavated at the planned planting site in the bad soil, the bottom of the planting hole is covered with obsidian-based perlite, and a net etc. Obsidian-based material with a foaming ratio of 10.6 or more, an open porosity of 66.8% or more, and a synergistic product of the two in the range of 751.6 to 1083.9 in a cylinder of an appropriate length made of a material with dispersed pores. A cylinder filled with perlite and a fertilizer that will last for a predetermined period of time is placed in the planting hole so as to stand up from the bottom to the ground surface, and then the tube is inserted into the planting hole together with the roots of the plants to be planted. 1. A method of planting using an obsidian pearlite tube, which comprises burying the tube in an appropriate type of soil and communicating the upper end of the tube with the atmosphere.