JPH0126229B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a video special effect signal generator used as a control signal when combining a plurality of video signals to form a specific wipe waveform. By using a writable memory element as a memory for the waveform data used to generate the waveform, a wide variety of horizontal and vertical fundamental waves can be easily obtained.

An example of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a main part of a generator according to the present invention, in which a memory 1H is a writable waveform memory (PROM, RAM, etc.) in which waveform data for forming a horizontal fundamental wave is stored; Similarly, the memory 1V is a writable waveform memory in which a waveform memory for forming a vertical fundamental wave is stored. The typical wipe waveforms shown in Figures 2A to 2F use the waveforms shown in the figure as the horizontal fundamental wave and vertical fundamental wave, and these fundamental waves are appropriately synthesized to produce a video special effect signal. Therefore, each waveform memory 1H, 1
Waveform data corresponding to the wipe waveform is stored in V.

In FIG. 2, P _A indicates an image based on the video signal S _A , and P _B indicates an image based on the video signal S _B.

The waveform data for forming the horizontal fundamental wave is generated by the central control unit (including CPU and various memory elements) 1
0, the waveform data is created according to the program chart shown in FIG. 3, and the created waveform data is written into the waveform memory 1H using the vertical retrace period. Waveform data is stored for each picture element of one horizontal line, and therefore, the data is sequentially read out for each picture element in synchronization with the picture element clock during the horizontal scanning period.

The waveform data for the horizontal fundamental wave stored in the waveform memory 1H is only the data corresponding to one wipe waveform, and the waveform data for the horizontal fundamental wave to obtain another wipe waveform is created by a separate program. is stored.

2H is an address counter for supplying address data to the waveform memory 1H, which is reset by the horizontal period pulse P _H and counted up by the picture element clock _CP . 3H is waveform memory 1H
This is a control circuit for.

The waveform memory 1V for the vertical fundamental wave has a memory capacity for one frame, and the waveform data for forming the vertical fundamental wave is stored in units of horizontal lines.
Address data for writing and reading is supplied from the address counter 2V to this via the memory control circuit 3V. The address counter 2V is reset by the pulse P _F of the frame period, and counted up by the clock P _H of the horizontal period.

The waveform data read from the waveform memory 1H is supplied to the subtracter 20H, where subtraction processing is performed with data x set by the fader lever 21H. For example, when obtaining a vertical wipe waveform, the waveform data is formed using the waveform data. The resulting analog waveform is shown in Figure 2A.
If the slice bell L _x based on the data set by the fader lever 21H is A in the same figure, a subtraction output (slice output) with different polarities centered on the slice point P is obtained, which is further The signal is supplied to a limiter 22H to limit the waveform and control the falling and rising edges of the waveform.

As is well known, the fader lever 21H is used to adjust the boundary line of the wipe waveform, that is, the size of the images to be combined.

The waveform data read from the other waveform memory 1V is also supplied to the subtracter 20V, where subtraction processing is performed with the data set by the fader lever 21V, and the output of this subtraction is sent to the limiter 2.
After the waveform is limited and shaped by 2V, it is supplied to a comparison and selection circuit 23 which compares the levels of the two limiter outputs together with the above-mentioned limit output in the horizontal direction and outputs one of them.
From this, the video special effect signal S _S to be finally obtained is formed.

Therefore, in the switcher 25, the video signals S _A and S _B are switched using this signal S _S to form a composite video signal S _p having a desired wipe waveform.

The switch _SW installed after the waveform memory 1V is a switch used to obtain a specific wipe waveform.
By adding horizontal and vertical waveform data and subjecting it to appropriate waveform processing, various wipe waveforms such as a diagonal wipe, a diamond wipe, and a circular wipe can be obtained.

By the way, the waveform memories 1H and 1V use writable memory elements as described above, in which the waveform data created by the central controller 10 is stored as new waveform data, and the stored waveform The data can be modulated appropriately. Modulation to waveform data is
This is done for the read addresses of waveform memories 1H and 1V.

This will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 again. 30H is a modulation address data forming circuit, which includes a writable memory (PROM,
RAM, etc.) 31H, an address counter 32H that provides address information to the memory 31H, and a memory control circuit 33H. 41
indicates a memory control circuit.

The modulation address data stored in the memory 31H is start information indicating from which position on the horizontal line the horizontal fundamental wave generated for each horizontal line starts, so the modulation address data is Data is stored.
Therefore, the address counter 32H is reset by the frame period pulse _PF , and is counted up by the horizontal period pulse _PH .

The modulated address data is added to the regular address data output from the address counter 2H by an adder 34H, and the address data for reading after this addition, that is, modulated as desired, is added to the waveform memory 1H.

Therefore, waveform data as shown in FIG. 4A is stored in the waveform memory 1H, and the slice level L _x
When is at an intermediate position of the waveform data as shown in the figure, a wipe waveform whose boundary is the dashed line shown in figure B is formed. In this state, when the address data from the address counter 2H is modulated by the modulated address data for forming a sinusoidal horizontal modulation wave as shown in C in the same figure, for each horizontal line,
Since the read address of the waveform memory 1H is modulated with the value of the sine wave, the vertical wipe waveform is eventually modulated with this horizontal modulation wave, resulting in a modified vertical wipe waveform as shown by the solid line in FIG. If the initial phase of the horizontal modulation wave is changed, for example, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4, the modified vertical wipe waveform will become as shown by the broken line in FIG. 4B.

Modulation is also performed on the waveform data for the vertical fundamental wave. Therefore, the modulated address data forming circuit 30V includes a writable memory 31V that stores modulated address data, an address counter 32V that provides address information to this memory 31V, and
It is composed of a memory control circuit 33V.

The modulation address data stored in the memory 31V is start information indicating from which position (which horizontal line) the vertical fundamental wave starts for each vertical line corresponding to each picture element. Also, the address counter 32V is reset by the pulse P _H ,
It is counted up with the picture element clock C _P. The modulated address data is added by the adder 34V to the regular address data obtained from the address counter 2V, thereby modulating the address data in the waveform memory 1V.

Therefore, for the horizontal wipe waveform (its boundary is shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 5), the regular address data is
If modulated with modulation address data to form a sinusoidal vertical modulation waveform as shown in Figure C,
The read address of the waveform memory 1V is modulated for each pixel by the value of this sine wave, resulting in a modified horizontal wipe waveform as shown by the solid line in FIG.

Horizontal and vertical modulation address data are created in the central controller 10 according to the program chart shown in FIG. To explain a part of Fig. 6 regarding the case where the waveform data for the horizontal fundamental wave is modulated by a sine wave, in this case, the frequency of the sine wave is
Input the HF and amplitude HA data to calculate the initial phase Hα of the modulation waveform, the phase angle ΔHF per raster, and the phase angle T at each horizontal line (VL is the number of rasters), and calculate the The start position data HM() including the amplitude data of is calculated, and the start position data for all horizontal lines is calculated.
Once HM( ) is obtained, the data is stored as modulation address data in the memory 31H using the vertical retrace period.

Figure 7 is an example of forming a heart-shaped deformed wipe waveform from a circular wipe waveform.
SW is switched to the contact H side, and the data shown in FIG. 7A is stored in the waveform memory 1H, and the data shown in FIG. 7B is stored in the other waveform memory 1V. If V-shaped modulation address data as shown in the figure C is stored in the memory 31V, the vertical waveform data will be modulated with this modulation address data, and the circular wipe waveform will become the solid line in the figure C. The waveform is transformed into the heart-shaped wipe waveform shown.

If the adders 34H and 34V shown in FIG. 1 are replaced with ones that allow addition and subtraction to be switched externally, a modified wipe waveform in which the polarity of the wipe waveform on one side of the screen is inverted can also be formed.

FIG. 8 shows an example of this, in which 50H and 50V are polarity reverse rotation paths, and adders and subtracters 51H and 51V and their control circuits 52H and 52V are provided. controlled.

Therefore, if the adders/subtractors 51H and 51V are switched to the addition side and the modulation address data as shown in FIG. 9D is stored in the horizontal memory 31H, the circular wipe waveform shown by the broken line in C in the same figure can be changed from the circular wipe waveform shown by the broken line to the solid line. However, if only the polarity reversing circuit 50H is operated in this state and the adder/subtractor 51H is switched from the center position of the screen to the subtraction side, the polarity of the wipe waveform on the right side of the screen will be changed as shown in Figure 10. is inverted, and a modified wipe waveform as shown by the solid line is obtained. Interface 4 determines where on the screen the polarity should be reversed.
0 output.

As explained above, according to the present invention, writable memory elements are used as the waveform memories 1H and 1V for storing waveform data for obtaining horizontal and vertical fundamental waves, and the waveform data created by the central controller 10 is stored in the waveform memories 1H and 1V. Since it is designed to be able to be stored, a large number of horizontal fundamental waves and vertical fundamental waves can be easily obtained. Furthermore, since the waveform memories 1H and 1V are digital memories, there is an advantage that an ideal fundamental wave can be easily created in a stable state.

A memory 31 provided for forming modulated waves
Since a writable memory element is similarly used for H and 31V, it is possible to easily create many types of modulated waves. Therefore, with this modulated wave (modulated address data), waveform memory 1H, 1
By modulating the read address for V, various types of wipe waveforms can be formed.

That is, first, since the waveform memories 1H, 1V and modulation address memories 31H, 31V are digital memories as described above, by appropriately changing the contents of the memory data, the amplitude, frequency, and amplitude of the modulated wave and the modulated wave can be changed. The phase angle etc. can be easily changed, and therefore the desired modulated wave can be easily formed. The change can be made slow or fast, and it can be modulated independently in the horizontal and vertical directions, so after forming the horizontal and vertical fundamental waves,
With respect to this analog waveform, it is possible to form a much larger number of modified wipe waveforms than when modulation is applied.

Of course, the memories 31H and 31V are readable and writable memory elements, so as mentioned above, data in which the initial phase of the sinusoidal modulated wave shifts sequentially over time can be handled sequentially using the vertical retrace period. In this way, it is possible to give further movement to the modulated wipe waveform, and by sequentially changing the frequency and amplitude of the modulated wave, it is possible to create a wipe with a wide variety of variations. Waveforms can be formed.

Furthermore, if you change the polarity of the modulated address data,
Since different wipe waveforms can be obtained even if the modulation address data stored in the memory is the same, a wide variety of wipe waveforms can be formed according to the present invention.

Furthermore, since both the horizontal and vertical fundamental wave generation circuits and the modulation wave generation circuit use digital memory, ideal waveforms can be generated more stably than when generating fundamental waves and modulation waves using analog methods. can be formed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of essential parts showing an example of a video special effect signal generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing horizontal fundamental waves and vertical fundamental waves necessary to form a typical wipe waveform. , FIG. 3 is a flowchart for obtaining a wipe waveform, FIGS. 4, 5, and 7 are diagrams showing examples of modified wipe waveforms, and FIG. 6 is a flowchart for obtaining modulated address data. , FIG. 8 is a system diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing another example of the present invention, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing examples of modified wipe waveforms for explaining the operation of FIG. 8. 1H, 1V are waveform memories, 2H, 2V are address counters, 30H, 30V are modulation address data forming circuits, 31H, 31V are memories for modulation address data, 10 is a central control unit, 50H,
50V is a polarity inversion circuit, and 51H and 51V are adders and subtracters.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A first waveform memory that stores horizontal fundamental wave data, a second waveform memory that stores vertical fundamental wave data, and the horizontal fundamental wave data from the first and second waveform memories. and a read address signal generating means for generating a read address signal for respectively reading the vertical fundamental wave data; a fundamental wave data generating means for generating the horizontal fundamental wave data and the vertical fundamental wave data; and a fundamental wave data generating means for generating the horizontal fundamental wave data and the vertical fundamental wave data. means for writing the horizontal fundamental wave data and the vertical fundamental wave data created by the means into the first waveform memory and the second waveform memory, respectively, during a vertical retrace period, The horizontal fundamental wave data read from the second waveform memory and the vertical fundamental wave data are synthesized to form a video special effect signal that serves as a switching control signal for switching between the first and second video signals. Video special effects signal generator.