JPH01260934A - Communication method for mobile body communication - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain smooth outgoing and incoming call processing even if the mobile speed of a mobile radio equipment is relatively large in small zone constitution by providing an ID identification storage section respectively to each radio base station and a gate exchange, and registering the location of the mobile radio equipment in parallel based on the data of each radio base station. CONSTITUTION:With a location registration signal from a mobile radio equipment sent to a radio base station 34, the signal is stored in an ID identification storage section 34 of each radio base station receiving it with a prescribed quality, the event of location registration is reported to the gate exchange 20, which stores the result in an 18 identification section 24, all other radio base stations existing inbetween the plural radio base stations applying location registration are registered while they are regarded as the fact of location registration and identification information of the mobile radio equipment is sent to the radio base stations to allow them to register the location. If there is a channel whose communication quality is deteriorated below a prescribed value amidst of the plural radio base stations and the mobile radio equipment for the communication of same content of communication in parallel through plural channels, the channel is switched to other channel with a radio base station satisfying a prescribed communication quality.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a communication method for mobile communication. In general, the present invention relates to a communication method that satisfies the communication quality when the communication quality deteriorates due to movement of a mobile terminal during communication in mobile communication using a small zone configuration.

More specifically, it is necessary to provide a communication method with excellent frequency efficiency, communication quality, wireless line control ability, etc.

[Prior art] Generally, when performing mobile communication within a wide service area, one wireless base station covers the entire area and provides services.
The method for communicating with mobile objects within an area is called the large zone method. In contrast, the small zone method
An area is divided into multiple small areas, one wireless base station is installed in each divided area, and mobile wireless devices within each area communicate with these wireless base stations. It is.

The conventional small zone system is employed, for example, in the car telephone system of NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation), which is currently in commercial service. In this case, the mobile radio installed in the car moves away from the wireless base station of the other party's phone call as the car moves, and for example, if it becomes 5 to 7 KIn or more from the wireless base station, the received electric field value of the radio wave decreases. , deterioration of call quality may occur. Therefore, in a small zone configuration, radio base stations are installed at intervals of 10 to 12 meters from each other within the service area, and therefore in the above case there is always another radio base station near the current location of the vehicle (within 5 to 6 square meters). A new radio base station exists, and a separate radio channel is used to continue the call between this new radio base station and the mobile radio.In the NTT system, control such as setting up and canceling calls on the radio line is performed. A radio line control station is installed to control a large number of radio base stations and mobile radios, and the radio line control station is connected to the general telephone network via a barrier switch that serves as an interface. In the line i!+ control station, when the quality of the call deteriorates, multiple radio base stations around the mobile radio receive the radio waves transmitted by the mobile radio, and a specific radio base station among them is sent to the mobile radio. When it is determined that the desired speech quality can be maintained by setting a new radio channel between the mobile radio and the mobile radio, the new channel is set between the mobile radio and the radio base station.

FIG. 9 shows a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a conventional system that operates as described above, and will be described using this diagram.

In Figure 9, the radius surrounded by four circles is 5 to 7 KIn.
Zones 14A, 14B, and 140.14D in the zone 14A, 14B, and 140.14D are the service areas for car telephones, and the mobile radio device 15 currently installed in the car is connected to the radio base station 13 in zone 14A.
Suppose that you are communicating with A.

Since the automobile is traveling from zone 14A to zone 14C, the relative distance between radio base station 13A and mobile radio 15 is increasing.

Assuming that the communication is continuing and the car moves from zone 14A to zone 14C, the distance between the wireless base station 13A and the mobile wireless device 15 will be 5 to 7 meters or more, and the input electric fields of mutually received radio waves will be The value decreases until the transmission quality falls below a certain level. This state of quality deterioration is constantly monitored by the radio network control station 12, and when the quality drops below a certain standard, the radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D in the vicinity of the radio base station 13A are Station 13A
and the mobile radio device 15 to measure the quality of the radio channel (assumed to be channel CH1) in use. The radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D that received this request each tune their own radio channel search receivers (not shown) to the channel CH1, receive the signal, and report the status to the radio network control station 12. Report to. Upon receiving this report, the radio network control station 12 sends the radio base station 13
B, 13C, and 13D receiving input electric field E8°EC1
and ED values are compared, and Eo>E8. E. >E, and when the EC confirms that a certain level of quality is ensured from the perspective of transmission quality, the radio network control station 12 considers the transition from zone 14A to zone 14C, and The wireless channel CH1 that was being used was disconnected, and the wireless base station 13C in zone 14C was used instead.
Among the available wireless channels, unused channels (
The procedure for using channel CH10 (assuming channel CH10), ie, channel switching during a call, is started.

The following is a reference: Yoshiyuki et al. “Car telephone radio line control system Research and practical application report, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Telecommunications Research Institute, Vo 1.26
．． No. 7 18B5fj ヲRefer to A.I will explain.

(1) The channel switching signal uses a control line included in each transmission path 16 between the radio network control station 12 and each radio base station 13, and between each radio base station 13 and mobile radio device 15. This is a wireless communication channel.

(2) A channel switching signal is sent to the mobile radio 15 from the radio base station 13A with which communication was previously performed, and a radio continuity test tone is sent from the radio base station 13C, which is currently communicating with the mobile radio. It is sent to the mobile radio device 15.

(3) When the mobile radio 15 cannot receive the radio continuity test tone, it returns to the old communication channel set with the radio base station 13A and continues the communication.

The above (1) to (3) are the channel switching methods currently used by NTT during a call, but as is clear from these explanations, the caller, i.e., the car phone user, is subject to the following noises: It will be mixed into the call. That is, (a) a signal for switching according to (1) above (in this case, a 300 bits/second digital signal) is inserted into the channel in progress after the other party's signal is disconnected; Since it appears in the output of the receiver, it mixes into the call as an audible sound of about 300 to 11, and the call is interrupted during this time.

(b) During the call test described in (2) above, there is no noise, but there is no sound, and during this period, the other party's voice is not transmitted to you, and your own voice is not transmitted to the other party (call disconnection).

The duration of call disconnection due to (a>, (b) above is 0.7
It is said to be ~0.8 seconds. On the other hand, the radio network control station 12
Then, the wireless base station 13C is instructed to start a conversation with the mobile wireless device 15 using, for example, channel CH10 through the transmission path 16C between the two. Since this instruction is also carried out at the same time as the continuity test described above, from this moment on, the radio base station 13A ends communication with the mobile radio device 15, and the radio base station 13C instead communicates with the mobile radio device 15. start communication. In addition, the wireless line 1 and the control station 12 are connected to the telephone network 1.
The communication path switch SW in the barrier switch 19 for connecting each wireless base station 13 to the telephone network 10 is connected to the wireless base station 13A.
13C. That is,
Using the communication path switch SW in FIG. 9, turn off the A-4 switch (indicated by a blank triangle) and turn on the C-4 switch (indicated by a black triangle).

- Through the above operations, the mobile radio 15 can be used in the car to continue talking to any telephone in the telephone network 10, no matter where the car moves in the zones 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D. become.

In this way, the user (caller) is given a technical guarantee that he or she can make a call anywhere and anytime while the car is in the service area, and in actual service, this technology is not used. Services are being provided to the fullest.

Mobile communications that employ such a small zone configuration have become able to exhibit the following features that are not found in large zone systems.

(a) Effective use of frequencies through a so-called small zone configuration, in which the radio waves from one wireless base station are used only in a narrow area, and many wireless base stations are placed in the service area and the same frequency is used repeatedly. became possible.

(b) With the advent of digital synthesizers, it has become possible to switch between hundreds of radio channels on mobile radios, and the radio Since the technology for setting and controlling lines has been established, it has become possible to contribute to the effective use of frequencies in (a).

(C) The radio channel control technology necessary to efficiently control the settings of radio channels for making and receiving calls for a large number of mobile radio devices has been established. It is now possible to switch wireless channels during communication when changing zones during wireless communication.

Furthermore, in the following 9 Fuji literature, the size of the small zone is as follows:
A system using an extremely small zone with a zone radius of 257n has been proposed (Reference: 9 Fuji, "Proposal of a mobile phone system - An approach to ultimate communication" IEICE technical report (S86-88, November 1986) Month).

According to the above literature, the output of radio waves sent from a mobile phone (mobile radio device) or a mobile phone parent device (wireless base station) is 10rrlW, which is equivalent to the low-power cordless phone recently released for private use by the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. In this case, the service area of a wireless base station with a transmission power of 10 mW is the same as the transmission power of
According to the report (January 27, 1999), it is estimated to be 200 m.

To summarize the above matters, in a mobile radio system such as a mobile phone that uses an extremely small zone, there is a small circle concentric with the large circle shown in Fig. 11, and the radio base station 30 is located in the center of the small circle.
-1 is installed and within a radius of 25m is this wireless base station 30-
However, when the transmission power is about 10 mW, the effective 4 novice area is very large, and the area within a large circle with a radius of 200 m is included in this area. Therefore, within a large circle there are other radio base stations 30-2, 30-3, 30-4. ..., etc., and these are in contact with each other in a circle with a radius of 25 yrt. Therefore, the total number of wireless base stations existing within a radius of 200 m is (200/25>2=64, or approximately 60
There will be individuals. And each of these wireless base stations 3
No. 0 is waiting for a location registration signal or a call signal from a nearby mobile radio device 11. For example, a location registration signal from a certain mobile radio device depends on the propagation of radio waves within the novice area. If the situation is extremely good, approximately 60 wireless base stations will accept location registrations. If there is an influence of topography or features within the large circle in FIG. 11, the wireless base stations 30 that accept location registration will not be combined into one block, but will be divided into five discrete wireless base stations as shown in FIG. 11, for example. 30-1.30-2.31-
3. Multiple wireless base stations 3 including 30-4 and 30-5
A situation will occur in which location registration is accepted at o.

Thus, the position Ω green signal from one mobile radio is
It will be received by a plurality of adjacent or discrete radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, 30-3, etc. at the same time. figure.

As shown in FIG. 108, FIG. 10C, and FIG. 10D, there is a wide range of possibilities.

In FIG. 10A, wireless base stations 30-1.30-2.3O-3 (30-1.30-2 only in the case of FIG. 10A (a>)) that simultaneously receive location registration signals are adjacent to each other. FIG. 108 shows the case where

10C and 10D show discrete radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2 that simultaneously receive location registration signals, with one or more shaded radio base stations intervening between them. are doing.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the conventional method as illustrated in FIG.
The problem is that technical measures are insufficient or no measures have been taken, making users feel inconvenienced and unable to provide satisfactory services. It was necessary to promote effective use and improve service quality.

These problems will be explained below.

i) In order to make effective use of frequencies, it is necessary to reduce the zone radius of the 1g zone in the small zone configuration, but if this becomes too small, the mobile radio will
The probability of passing through one zone and transitioning to another increases. As a result, it is often necessary to change the wireless channel assigned to each zone during zone transition, and at this time, it is necessary to change the old wireless channel to the new wireless channel for both the wireless base station and the mobile wireless device. . Conventionally, this change was made at the radio network control station 12 (Fig. 9), but
This channel change caused temporary interruptions in communication, resulting in deterioration in communication quality.

ii) There was an example in which mobile radio devices with different transmission powers were introduced into the same system and operated as devices within one system. This is, for example, a mobile radio installed in a car (in the case of an NTT car phone, the transmission output is 5W).
and a mobile phone (in the case of NTT, transmission output IW) that accesses a wireless base station for a car phone that the user can carry outdoors are housed in the same system; It is possible to share the wireless equipment that is provided, making it possible to construct an economical system.

However, from the point of view of effective frequency use, it complicates the creation of rules for reusing the same frequency, which reduces the effectiveness of effective use, and the difference in transmission power levels The possibility of interference between other mobile radios is increased. In order to prevent this, costs have increased and the effective use of frequencies has been compromised.

Reuse of the same frequency can be dealt with by improving control capabilities, but there are limitations to this as well.
If the small zoning progresses beyond a certain point, it may become uncontrollable.
This results in a system that is not cost-effective at all.

Interference has not been solved by conventional methods and has been a major problem in conventional systems.

Therefore, from the standpoint of effective use of frequencies, there is a limit to the effective use of frequencies, and it has not been possible to meet the requirements in terms of utilization of limited radio wave resources.

iii) As the number of small zones progresses, there are many situations in which within a small zone served by one wireless base station, small zones served by an adjacent or the next adjacent wireless base station overlap, and conventional technology as a wireless line control technology When using
It could have gotten out of control.

This is because radio wave propagation characteristics are greatly affected (propagation loss) by topography and structures within one small zone. This effect becomes relatively large as the number of zones becomes smaller in order to effectively utilize frequencies, and the range of one small zone becomes smaller (radius of one candy or less). Additionally, the radio base stations and mobile radios used will use a relatively high level of pre-transmission to ensure good communication even in areas affected by terrain or structures. This means that in areas where there is no influence from terrain or structures, it becomes possible for a wireless base station located far away to communicate with a mobile wireless device located within the zone.

Furthermore, if we use the minimal zone as shown in the literature of 9 Fuji, which was explained in the section of the prior art, Figs.
As explained in Figure 0D and Figure 11, multiple adjacent or discrete wireless base stations can simultaneously communicate with one mobile wireless device, and multiple wireless base stations can also receive location registration signals. This means that the situation occurs frequently.

Therefore, the original concept that one small zone is managed by one wireless base station and that a wide plane that is the service area is covered by many small zones disappears, and many small zones are superimposed and one It was decided to form a service area.

As a result, in order to smoothly operate a small zone system in such a state, with the conventional technology, it is necessary to frequently set up, change, and cancel the wireless communication path, which reduces the capability of the wireless line control device. The result will be significantly higher. Therefore, it is practically impossible to secure a smooth communication path, and on the contrary, consideration has been given to the system configuration in order to avoid such a situation.

iv) In mobile communications, the communication quality changes significantly due to the influence of radio wave propagation characteristics as the mobile body moves, and in places where radio waves propagate poorly, communication quality is required for the system. Problems such as falling below the value were rare. In order to solve this problem, various measures such as diversity technology have been taken, but all of them have problems such as not only increasing the cost of the equipment but also impairing the effective use of frequencies.

Additionally, call interruptions caused by transitions between zones during a call are considered to be a type of communication crystal purchasing problem, and a solution was needed from the standpoint of quality assurance.

V> No measures were taken to deal with fluctuations in communication traffic within the system.

Communication traffic fluctuations within the system, for example, are usually extremely low in public communications late at night or early in the morning, during the day around 10 a.m. and between 2 to 3 p.m., and in car telephones.
A large pile of traffic can be seen between 5 and 6 o'clock, but if the system is not designed to function satisfactorily even during the peak traffic hours, the system components will be idle during off-peak hours, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, if a system was constructed that was suitable for off-peak hours, the cost would be extremely low, but it would become unusable during peak hours, and a decline in serviceability could not be avoided.

In addition, when communication traffic is slow, idle facilities within the system are effectively used to provide high-quality services, and as traffic increases, the system is configured to switch to a single novice. There was a lack of concept of effective use of One reason for this is considered to be that the system cost would rise sharply if attempts were made to solve this problem using conventional techniques.

Furthermore, when all the transceivers of a radio base station are in use, conventional systems do not have the processing capacity to process even extremely short and regular signals such as device registration signals made up of mobile radios. This was a technical constraint on the progress of smaller zones.

vi) Conventionally, location registration of mobile units communicating was done by registering and processing only the data received at one wireless base station at the same time. In systems that are subject to frequent changes, or in systems where there are restrictions on the location registration method due to the effective use of frequencies, it may be impossible to receive a call to a mobile unit due to a defect in location registration.

If the radio transmitter/receiver installed in the radio base station has only one channel, it must be used separately for control and telephone calls (Il and 'i), and while communicating with the mobile radio There was a significant negative impact when there was a location registration request from another mobile radio in the same zone.

vii) The technology for providing mobile communication services using broadband signals was insufficiently mature and incomplete, causing inconvenience to users.

Conventionally, many mobile communications services have been used mainly for telephone calls, and those that cover a wide frequency band, such as high-speed data signals, have rarely been used. This is because in mobile communication, the radio wave propagation characteristics change greatly as the mobile body moves, so there has been a lack of technology to properly receive wideband signals.

vii) Wireless line control ability and reliability were insufficient. Conventionally, wireless line settings, cancellations, and channel switching during a call were performed by a wireless line control station or wireless system control device that was installed to centralize control in one area within a certain area. Ta. Although this is effective in terms of unified management of line control through centralization, if a failure occurs in this system, it will cause a fatal accident in which the entire system will go down. Therefore, countermeasures such as hardware duplication have been taken, but they are costly and
As a result, satisfactory results could not be obtained. In addition, signals must be sent and received from mobile radio equipment or radio base stations via transmission lines to a radio line control station that is centrally installed in one location, which causes signal delay time and control capacity. This was a major constraint.

ix) In conventional mobile communication on land, except in special cases, estimating the moving direction of a mobile object during communication has not been carried out due to technical difficulties. Therefore, it was not possible to obtain effective information such as the wireless line traffic situation in the area in the direction of movement, and problems remained in terms of effective frequency use and traffic management.

x) Momentary interruptions occurred when switching channels during calls between zones or within a zone, and this was also a major obstacle to creating smaller zones.

In the call channel switching method implemented by NT-r, which was explained using Figure 9, in addition to temporarily disconnecting calls (for 0.7 to 0.8 seconds) when switching wireless channels, The disadvantage is that a part of the control signal (300 bits/sec) is mixed in and is audible. If there is a temporary interruption in the call line or noise, it is not a major problem because it can be compensated for by re-listening to the voice of the call. When a facsimile terminal is mounted on a machine and used for sending and receiving, if the channel is changed during operation, for example, for a one-minute facsimile, 0.8/60 of the page becomes a black line (or white line). However, there was a drawback that the received image quality deteriorated significantly. In the case of data communication, for example, 1
In a 200-port data signal, approximately 1000 bits of the signal are lost, so procedures such as retransmission are required.

In order to eliminate the annoying noise, there are methods such as silencing the channel while changing channels or using out-of-band signals, but although the purpose of eliminating the annoying noise can be achieved, it will reduce the amount of time the line is disconnected. still exists, so the problem remained that it was completely ineffective in eliminating the negative effects on facsimile and data signals.

[Means for solving the problem] A plurality of radio base stations each having a radio transceiver and an ID identification storage unit, a group of switches that connect the plurality of radio base stations and a telephone network, and a communication path control that controls the switch group. and an ID identification storage unit, and a plurality of channels simultaneously for communicating with a plurality of radio base stations while moving within one service area covered by the plurality of radio base stations. A system is constructed that includes a mobile radio including a radio receiving circuit for receiving data and a radio transmitting circuit for simultaneously transmitting a plurality of channels.

[Operation] When a mobile radio transmits a location registration signal to nearby radio base stations, all radio base stations that receive this signal with a certain quality perform location registration with their own radio base station. It is assumed that the ID has been registered, and is stored in the ID identification storage unit installed in its own wireless base station, and it is reported to each gateway switch that the location has been registered. If there are multiple wireless base stations that have performed the location registration and are stored in the ID identification storage section provided in the mobile phone, and these are not adjacent to each other and are separated via other wireless base stations, According to a certain algorithm, the gateway switch assumes that the location has been registered for all other radio base stations that exist between the plurality of radio base stations, and this barrier switch also performs location registration. At the same time, it was decided to transmit the identification information of the mobile radio to the other radio base stations and have each of them perform location registration.

In addition, when multiple radio base stations and mobile radio devices are communicating the same communication content in parallel using multiple channels, the channel (old channel ) occurs, the communication is switched to another channel (new channel) with another wireless base station that satisfies a certain communication quality, and communication on the old channel is terminated, including the new channel. By using multiple channels, the same communication content can be communicated without momentary interruption. As a result, we were able to achieve 1q of the following actions and effects.

i) The reliability of location registration has been improved because each radio base station and barrier switch is equipped with an ID identification storage unit, and the location of mobile radio equipment is registered in parallel based on the data of each radio base station. .

ii) In addition to i), the gateway switch treats the call as having registered its location to a radio base station that is located between multiple radio base stations that have registered its location, so that incoming calls to mobile radios are When a call signal is transmitted, it becomes possible to send an incoming call signal from a radio base station intervening between all of these, improving reliability when transmitting an incoming call signal.

1ii) Since one channel among a plurality of channels whose communication quality has deteriorated is switched to a new channel, it is possible to achieve seamless channel switching during a call between zones or within a zone.

iv) Ensuring good communication quality by employing economical transmitting/receiving diversity, reducing interference, and making new services using broadband signals technically possible.

■) When traffic is slow, many channels are used for parallel communication, which improves communication quality by making effective use of radio equipment.

vi) Since each wireless base station is equipped with an ID identification storage unit and a function that enables simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple wireless channels through high-speed switching, it is possible to process location registration signals from mobile wireless devices even during peak traffic times. It became.

vii) Parallel communication of multiple channels improves the transmission characteristics of broadband signals, resulting in improved line quality.

viii) It became possible to estimate the direction and speed of movement of a mobile radio, thereby making it possible to ensure communication in the destination zone and to carry out advance allocation of channels to be used in the mobile prospect zone.

ix) By distributing the functions of wireless line control from a centralized system like the conventional system to a mobile radio device or a wireless base station, control processing ability and system reliability have been improved17.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1C show an example of a system configuration for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1A, 10 is a general telephone network, which includes an exchange 11 for general telephones.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a gateway exchange for connecting the general telephone exchange 11 included in the telephone network 10 and the wireless system. The gateway switch 20 has a plurality of wireless base stations 30-1.
30-2. −． 3O-nf+ connects many mobile radio devices and telephones accommodated in the general telephone network 10, and transmits and receives control signals between each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n. A communication path control unit 21 that controls communication path setting cancellation, etc., and a connection between each radio base station 30-1 to 30-n and the gateway switch 20 and the exchange 11 under the control of the communication path control unit 21. It also includes a switch group 23 necessary for switching the communication paths for the purpose of communication.

FIG. 1B shows a mobile radio 50 communicating with each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. The received signal received by the antenna section enters a radio receiving circuit 68 that includes a receiving microphone υ 63 and a receiving section 53, and the output communication signal is inputted to a control section 58 and a telephone section 59. A communication signal output from the telephone section 59 is applied to a wireless transmission circuit 66 including a transmission mixer 61 and a transmission section 51, and the transmission signal is sent out from the antenna section and received by the wireless base station 30. Additionally, there is a communication quality monitoring unit 57 that constantly monitors the call quality during communication and reports it to the control unit 58 when it deteriorates, and a communication quality monitoring unit 57 that monitors the presence or absence of interference during communication and detects interference that exceeds a certain amount. If the interference occurs, the interference detector 62 reports it to the control unit 58.
An ID/roam/area information collation storage unit 54 for storing the ID of the a50 and for identifying and storing the zone in which the user is located is provided with connections as shown in the figure.

This mobile radio 150 further includes a synthesizer 55-1.
．． 55-2. ..., 55-n and 56-1.56-
2. ..., 56-n, and selector switch 64-1.64
-2, and a reception switching controller 65C and a transmission switching controller 67C that generate signals for switching and controlling the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, respectively.
Synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n and 56-1 to 55-
n, and the controllers 65C and 67G for both cutting tables are the controller 5.
8. Each synthesizer 55-1~
A reference frequency is supplied from a reference crystal oscillator 71 to 55-n and 56-1 to 56-n.

FIG. 1C shows a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, and has almost the same configuration as the mobile radio 1150 shown in FIG. 1B, with some differences. There is a transmitting and receiving switching controller 55-1.
~55-n, 56-1~55-n, there is no changeover switch 64-1, 64-2 for switching the synthesizer,
There is no ID/roam area information collation storage section 54 (Fig. 1B), and the synthesizer is also used for reception and transmission 35-1.3.
6-1, and an ID identification storage section 3 for identifying and storing ID numbers of the user and the called party.
4, there is no telephone section 59 (FIG. 1B), and an interface 39 to the gateway exchange 20, which takes the place of the telephone section 59, is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1C and FIG. 1B will be listed below, and description of each function will be omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the corresponding components in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51) Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizer 35-1 (55-1 to 55-n) Synthesizer 36-1 (56-1 to 56-n>Communication quality monitoring section 3
7 (57) Control unit 38 (58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference detector 42 (62) Reception mixer + J43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68 ) FIG. 1D shows another embodiment 30B of a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, and the configuration of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. The difference is that there is no ID/roam/area information collation storage section 54 (Fig. 1B), and there is no ID identification storage section 34 for identifying and storing ID numbers of the user and the called party. The difference is that there is no telephone section 59 (FIG. 1B), and that an interface 39 to the gateway exchange 20, which takes the place of the telephone section 59, is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1D and FIG. 1B is listed below, and description of each function is omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are
1B is the number of each corresponding component in FIG. 1B.

Transmitter 31 (51>Receiver 33 (53) Synthesizer 1 Noizer 35-1 to 35-n (55-1 to 55-n) Synthesizer 36-1 to 36-n (56-1 to 56-n> Communication quality Monitoring section 37 (57) Control section 38B (58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 4'l (61) Interference disturbance detector 42 (62) Reception mixer + J43 (63) Wireless transmission circuit 46 (66) Wireless Receiving circuit 48 (68) FIG. 1E shows another embodiment of the radio base station 30, in which a radio base station 30C including a plurality of transceivers shares the antenna sharing device 96 and the radio base station control device 32. MG communication quality monitoring receiver having the functions of both the radio receiving circuit 48 and the communication quality monitoring unit 37 shown in FIG. 1D. Machine 93
-1 to 93-m and a control transceiver 94 dedicated to a control channel for control signals, which are connected to the telephone network 10 via a barrier switch 20.

The configuration of one transmitter/receiver 690 of the transmitter/receivers 90-1 to 90-m used in FIG. 1E is shown in FIG. The connection relationship between the control section 38C and the reference crystal oscillator 40C is shown.

The transceiver 90 shown in FIG. 1F has almost the same configuration as the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. The oscillator 40C is shared.

Since the transmitter/receivers 90-1 to 90-fil in FIG. 1E have such a configuration, the changeover switch 44-
1.44-2, synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n
and each specific one on the back of 36-1 to 36-n.
If one synthesizer is selected, the wireless base station 30C shown in FIG. 1E can transmit and receive one channel simultaneously.

In addition, a changeover switch 44-1゜44- for transmitting and receiving 190
2 and chops the synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n at high speed and repeatedly switches them, then one transmit/receive v190 can simultaneously transmit and receive r) channels. It is possible. Therefore, the radio base station 300 in FIG. 1E can simultaneously transmit and receive up to rnxn channels.

Another embodiment of the mobile radio 50 is shown in FIG. 1G.

The difference between the mobile radio device 50B shown in FIG. 1G and the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG.
In addition to the radio receiving circuit 68 including 3, a receiving mixer 73 and a C/N measuring receiving section 52 are provided, and both receiving mixers υ 63 and 73 have switching controlled by a receiving switching controller 65C and a controlling section 58B, respectively. Switches 64-1 and 6
The outputs of the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are applied to the transmitter mixer 61 via the transmitter 4-3.
The point is that the outputs of the synthesizerizers 56-1 to 56-n are applied through the changeover switch 64-2 controlled by C.

The mobile radio device 50B shown in FIG. 1G has a function of having a particularly remarkable reception diversity effect. A part of the reception signal received by the antenna unit 50 of the mobile radio is added to this reception microphone υ73. Receive mixer 7
The outputs from the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are applied as local oscillation frequencies to the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n via the changeover switch 64-3.

This changeover switch 64-3 is different from other changeover switches 64-
It is not necessary to switch at a high speed such as 1 or 64-2, and a low switching speed of, for example, 101-lz is sufficient. When the selector switch 64-3 is in the position where the output of the synthesizer 55-1 is set to 17, the C/N value (carrier-to-noise ratio) of channel value) is transmitted to the control unit 58B. Next, when the selector switch 64-3 is in the position where the output of the synthesizer 55-2 is 1q, the C/N value of channel C+-12 is measured. When the output of the synthesizer 55-n is turned on in the following cases, the C/N value of C11n is measured and transmitted to the control section 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to set the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67C, for example, to C, respectively.
/N value is controlled to operate at a speed inversely proportional to the value.

Next, a system for further increasing the receiving diversity effect will be described. FIG. 1F1 shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50C in this case.

In FIG. 11-1, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio 150C is divided into n equal parts at the antenna input section, and each of the radio waves 68-1, 68-2, . ....

68-n. Each radio receiving circuit 68-1 to 68-
n, respectively receive Miku+, L63-1.63-2.・
..., 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-2°...,
53-n, and reception mixers 63-1 to 63-n are provided.
63-n each have a synthesizer 55-1.55-
2. ..., the local oscillation frequency from 55-n is input. Therefore, in the configuration shown in the figure, there is no reception changeover switch 64-1 shown in FIG. . In addition, these receiving sections 53-1 to
A part of the output signal of 53-n is sent to the control unit 58C, and another part is added to the mixing circuit 69 and processed in the same way as in a normal diversity receiver (in this case, synthesis after detection). and sent to the telephone section 59. Further, a part of the output from each of the receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n is sent to the communication quality monitoring sections 57-1 to 57, respectively, and the outputs are applied to the control section 58C, respectively.

FIG. 11 shows the mobile radio ttj'i shown in FIG. 1H.
A mobile radio 50D different from 50C is shown, and the difference is that n transmitting microphones +J 61-1 to 61-n,
Wireless transmitter circuit 66-1 including transmitters 51-1 to 51-n
to 66-n, a signal to be transmitted is commonly connected and applied to each transmitter 51-1 to 51-n, and a control unit 5
8D, the outputs from synthesizers 56-1 to 55-n, which respectively generate designated frequencies, are applied to transmission mixers 61-1 to 61-n.

This mobile radio device 50D has a switch 64-2 for switching a plurality of radio channels like the mobile radio device 50C (FIG. 1H).
Can be sent continuously without chopping.

By adopting the circuit configuration shown in FIGS. 1H and 1I, it is possible to achieve a large diversity effect (q).

Mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D) and radio base station 30 (
B, C), the control signal between Kanmon communication@R20 is used in two cases: a control channel dedicated to control signals, and a call (talk)
There are cases where signals outside the band are used.

In order to transmit this control signal outside the communication (speech) signal band, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, a second
As shown in figure (a), the communication channel band is 0.3 to 3.
．． Low frequencies fDo outside 0KHz (e.g. about 100t
-1z) or higher frequency f[)1. f[)2. ID3
”・f[)B (for example, from 3.8KH2 to 0.1+-
8 waves up to 4.5 KHz at 1 z intervals) are used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, many control data, the control frequency f. The wave number of 0" ID8 may be increased roughly, or it is also possible to adopt a subcarrier format. In this case, for example, frequency modulation may be applied to one or more waves behind fDO" ID8, or By applying amplitude modulation, more control data can be transmitted.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted.
Shown in Figure (b).

FIG. 2(b) shows the digital encoding circuit 91 for converting the audio signal.
This is an example of a case where the data signal is digitized by the converter circuit 92, multiplex-converted with the data signal by the multiplex converter circuit 92, and applied to the modulator circuit of the transmitter 31.

Below, the functions of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the radio base station 30 (B, C), and the gateway exchange 200 will be sequentially explained.

(A>Mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> First, among the functions provided by the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>), the functions of the control unit 58 (B, C, D) will be explained. Control Part 5
8 (B, C, D>) has the following basic functions.

i) Commanding the wireless transmission circuit 66 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) to emit or stop transmitting radio waves and controlling the transmission power level.

ii) Instruct the radio receiving circuit 68 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Instructing the telephone unit 59 whether or not to send a dial signal and instructing the transmission/reception of voice.

iv) Synthesizer groups 55-1 to 55-n and 56-
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, oscillation command and stop command for 1 to 56-n.

V) Control commands to the reception and transmission switching controllers 65C and 67C.

vi) Determining whether or not to change one or more channels to be used based on information from the communication quality monitoring unit 57.

vii) Determining whether or not to change the channel to be used based on information from the interference detector 62.

viii) Confirm the ID of the other party to communicate with and determine the channel to be used based on the information from the ID/roam area information verification storage unit 54.

ix) Transfer of a communication channel to a mobile radio device with a higher service type.

×) For the reception (transmission) switching controller 650.67C,
Determination of on/off duty conditions.

xi) being higher than the radio base station 30 in terms of control decisions; This means that when there is a disagreement with the radio base station 30 regarding control decisions, it is possible to exercise initiative over the radio base station 30.

xii) Estimation of moving direction and moving speed of mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D>).

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions can be provided.

1) The ID roam area information collation storage unit 54 checks the radio channels used by other mobile radios and other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own mobile radio 50 (B, C, D).
It is stored in the memory and used when making a call or switching communication channels.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when the call traffic is steep, the number of channels used for communication at the same time is eliminated, calls are suppressed, and channels in use are disconnected or a recommendation for early termination is implemented. 5 3) Using the functions i), vi), and vii), set the optimum transmission level for the own mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>).

4) As one application of the function 3>, determining the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax data, etc.).

In addition, the control functions associated with the transition to the Black zone are as follows: 6) Selection of a new wireless base station 30 after switching channels during communication.

At this time, the new radio base station 30 is selected taking into consideration the moving direction of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).

7) Requests are made to the gateway exchange 20 via the radio base station 30 to open and close the switch group 23 of the communication path and to use the communication path in parallel.

To express the above control function in one word, it means that a part of the function of the radio network control station 12 in FIG. 9 used in the prior art is accommodated in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>). This becomes possible only by using VLSI technology, which has recently made remarkable progress, and can be described as making mobile radio equipment intelligent.

However, even if mobile radios are made intelligent using conventional technology, there are limits to their effectiveness.
In particular, it has no effect on improving radio line control ability or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call, and it is only through the use of the method of the present invention that it becomes intelligent in both name and reality.

(B) Wireless base station 30 (B, C) Devices each having the following functions are set in the wireless base station 30.

a) Each radio base station has a dedicated radio transceiver for transmitting and receiving a small number (usually one) of control channels, and a number of dedicated communication channels corresponding to the number of communication channels assigned to that radio base station. A wireless transmitter/receiver is installed.

For example, assume the wireless base station 30C in FIG. 1E. 1
The number of communication channels to be assigned to one radio base 830C is the number of communication channels that should be allocated to one radio base 830C.
(B.

The optimum value is given by the call traffic in C).

If the area of the zone is large and there are many mobile radios in the area, the call traffic will inevitably increase, so at least one control channel and multiple call channels are required, and the transmitter/receiver 90 (Figure 1F)
Naturally, a plurality of numbers are required. NTT's car phone system provides two control channels and up to six
There is an example in which about 0 communication channels are allocated.

However, the size of the zone gradually became smaller, and finally, the above-mentioned document 9 Fuji, "Proposal of Mobile Telephone System, Communication Society of Japan, Communication System Study Group Material C5-86-88, 1986, 1
As shown in January, when it comes to a very small zone with a radius of about 25 meters, the wireless base station that handles this area as a service area has to decide whether to install a wireless channel there in terms of call traffic, method, and cost. In some cases, control and telephone calls are each handled as one function, and the radio equipment that covers these functions has one transmission and reception function.

In other words, one transmitter/receiver is used for both control and communication (see Figure 1D). What's more, this dual-purpose system initially responds to calls from mobile radios using the control channel, and after specifying an available communication channel, it also changes to the communication channel and repeats the same call. It is not a simple method of communicating with a mobile radio, but as will be explained later, it uses a communication channel with one mobile radio and does not interfere with the radio frequency signals being transmitted and received even during communication, as will be explained later. By repeatedly switching between the communication channel and the control channel at such a switching speed, the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) to which new calls are desired can receive and receive calls, and can also make and receive calls. A feature of the present invention is that it has 41 functions.

As explained above, there are various possible configurations of the radio base station 30 (8, C), and the present invention can be applied to all of them.

However, in the wireless base station 30 of FIG. 1Δ, only one set of transmitter/receiver is shown, and the rest are omitted.

b) The transmitter/receiver dedicated to communication channels installed in each radio base station 30 (B, C) is capable of receiving one channel out of a plurality of radio channels among the radio channels assigned to that radio base station. Of course, there are
In zones with severe traffic fluctuations, one transmitter/receiver t19 installed in the wireless base station 30C (Fig. 1E)
0 has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1F. That is, the configuration of the portion that transmits and receives radio signals is substantially the same as that of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. As a result, the call traffic in this zone increases, and even in the wireless base station 30C, where m transmitting/receiving units 190 are installed to normally provide m-channel communication, communication of m or more channels is required due to the increase in call traffic. In this case, one transceiver 90 configuring the wireless base station 30C
The synthesizer #f35-1.36- currently in operation is controlled by a control signal sent from the control unit 38G in the same base station.
In addition to 11, there are 35-2.35-3. ... + 3 J
n and 36-2.36-3. ..., 36-n and changeover switches 44-1 and 44-2 are operated. As a result, what was previously possible to send and receive using m channels has now increased to m channels.
Transmission and reception of xn channels becomes possible.

The number of channels that can be used simultaneously will increase dramatically.

However, the transmission power of each channel will decrease depending on the number of switchings unless a power amplifier is installed at the output of the transmitter MIG1/61, so it is necessary to pay attention to this point. The number of channels will be the upper limit. Or if you are interfering with channels that are communicating in other zones,
The limit is reached when the number of channels is less than that.

The radio base station 30B in FIG.
Even when communicating with 0 (B, C, D) using the communication channel, the communication channel and control channel are repeatedly switched at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitting/receiving radio frequency as described above. By doing so, it is possible to accept the call operation and make it possible to make and receive a call even for the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) that newly requests to make and receive a call.

Hereinafter, a rough explanation will be given using FIG. 1F.

The control unit 38C has the following basic functions.

i) Commanding the transmitter 31 of the transceiver 90 included in the own wireless base station 30C to emit or stop transmitting radio waves and controlling the transmission power level.

11) Instructing the receiving unit 33 of the own wireless base station 30C to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Notify the gateway exchange 20 whether dial signals can be sent or not, and whether voice transmission and reception can be done or not.

iv) Synthesizer groups 35-1 to 35-n and 36-
Specify the oscillation frequency vl (channel) for 1 to 36-n,
Oscillation command and stop command.

■) Control commands to the reception and transmission switching controllers 45 and 47.

vi) Determining whether or not to change the channel in use based on information from the communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 to 93-m, and whether or not the quality information can be transmitted to the opposing mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D). judgment.

vii) Determining whether or not to change the used channel based on information from the interference detector 42.

viii) Based on the information from the ID identification storage unit 34C,
Confirm the ID of the other party to communicate with and determine the channel to be used.

1x) (Based on a request from a mobile radio with a higher rank in the J-bis type, mobile radio 50 (B, C, D
> to end communications early. Or terminate immediately.

X) Determination of on/off duty conditions for the reception and transmission switching controllers 45 and 47.

xi) Regarding control decisions, mobile radio 50 (B.

be lower than C and D). This relates to control decisions for mobile radio t150 (B, C.

D), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
It means transferring control over the government. However, xi)
This is determined for convenience of explanation, and in an actual system, there is no problem even if the wireless base station 30 takes the initiative.

xii) As already explained in a) and b), in the case of a radio that serves both a communication channel and a control channel, (A>
Similar to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C) described in
As shown in the figure, a plurality of synthesizers 35-1 to 35-
A mobile radio device 50 that desires to make and receive new calls by repeatedly switching between a communication channel and a control channel at a switching speed that does not interfere with the radio frequencies for transmitting and receiving signals. (It must also have the function of accepting calls to and from B, C, and D> and making it possible to make calls.)

xiii) In response to a request from the gateway exchange 20, register the location of the mobile radio device 50 that the radio base station 30 itself has not received.

Next, by using functions i) to xiii) in combination, the following applied functions are provided.

1) The ID identification storage unit 34C stores the radio channels used by other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own radio base station 30 (B, C) or other mobile radio equipment, and makes a call or Used when switching channels during communication.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when call traffic is congested, suppressing calls, disconnecting channels in use, or recommending early termination.

3) Using the functions of i), vi), and vii), setting the optimum transmission level in the own radio base station 30.

4) One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax, data, etc.).

In addition, the control functions associated with transition to another zone include: 6) Mobile radio device 50 (B, C
, D>, communication of reception quality data and new wireless base station 30 (B.

If selected as C), start communication.

7) For the barrier switch 20, the mobile radio 150 (B,
Based on the request from C, D), switch group 2 of the communication path
3 opening/closing and request for parallel use of communication paths.

8) After channel switching during a call, for a certain period of time, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

D)'s ID and call channel number are stored.

9) Mobile radio Ia50 (B, C, D>, J:su (1)
Based on the report from each wireless base station 30 (B, C) that has received a location registration signal (using a control channel), the ID (self-identification information) of the mobile wireless device 50 (B, C, D>) is transmitted to the gateway exchange 20. I via the communication path control unit 21 included in
D is stored in the identification storage section 24. In this case, in the present invention, since location registration requests are made from a plurality of radio base stations 30 (B, C), the mobile radio tff 150 (B, C.

The quality of the signal received in D) (decibel values such as S/N and C/N) is also stored.

10) Each radio base station 30 (which has received a calling signal (using a control channel) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>)
Based on the report from 8, C), the direction of movement of the wireless base station with the best received signal quality or the next best wireless base station 30 (B, C) or mobile wireless device 50 (B, C, D). A wireless base station 30 (B, C) in a new zone is selected in anticipation of the destination zone by detecting speed, speed, etc. Specify a call channel number that is not being used at that time and is to be used for communication with the radio device 50 ('B, C, D). A command signal is sent to the radio base station whose communication quality has deteriorated to stop communication with the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D).

To express the above control function in one word, some of the functions of the radio network control station 12 in FIG.
(B, C), it is possible to accommodate all the functions of the radio network control station 12, and the radio network control station 12 can be abolished.

However, even if the wireless base station 30 is made intelligent using conventional technology, there is a limit to its effectiveness, especially when it comes to improving the ability of wireless line control or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call. This means that it is not effective, and that it becomes intelligent in both name and reality only by using the method according to the present invention.

(C) Gateway Switch 20 The barrier switch 20 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1A is a mobile radio device 50 in the mobile communication system according to the present invention.
ID identification storage unit 2 to store location information of (B, C)
4), establishes a communication path between the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C), opens and closes the switch group 23 under the control of the communication path control unit 21, and transfers the communication line Fj150 within the mobile communication system. (B, C) and the telephone network 10 outside the system, the communication route control unit 2
1 is in charge of opening and closing the switch group 23 under the control of the controller 1.

Hereinafter, the 20 functions of the barrier exchange will be explained in detail.

a) In the gateway exchange 20 that has received the location registration request signal sent from the wireless base station 30 that has successfully received the location@registration signal sent from the mobile radio t150, the ID identification storage section 24 provided therein There are a plurality of wireless base stations 30 that have stored the location information and performed the location registration,
In addition, if these are not adjacent to each other and are separated with other radio base stations 30 interposed between them, according to a certain algorithm, the other radio base stations 30 located between the plurality of radio base stations 30 are It is assumed that the location has been registered at the gateway exchange 20, and the location is registered at the gateway exchange 20, and information on the mobile radio 50 is transmitted to the other radio base station 30. Have each person register their location.

b> Execution of the operation of the switch group 23 to be opened and closed in connection with the call originating from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>, and when the called party is included in the telephone network 10, Transmission of information necessary for setting up a call with the called party addressed to the exchange 20.

C〉 Mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> from the calling party whose incoming call signal is included in the telephone mlo
When the communication is transmitted via the communication path control section 21, the switch group 23 to be opened and closed is operated, and the I/O
The called mobile radio device 50 (
Confirm the current location of B, C, D).

d> In connection with an incoming call to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the radio base station 30 ( B,
An instruction to send a call signal to C). First, this paging signal is sent to all the radio base stations 30 (B, C>) whose current locations are registered for the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>, and each radio base station 30 ( In B, C), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
Sends an incoming call signal to the destination at the same time. However, this sending time does not necessarily have to be the same time, and each unmanned base 830
(B, C) may be transmitted sequentially in chronological order.

In other words, it is only necessary to take measures to avoid interference caused by signal time differences.

e) After the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) starts a call,
If the communication traffic situation within the system allows, determine whether to implement transmitting/receiving dypasity and instruct the execution of the operation.

f) Mobile radio device 50 performing transmitting/receiving diversity
(Regarding B, C, and D>, if there is a traffic congestion, an important subscriber calls, or a person requesting broadband signal service appears at that time, the multiplicity of transmitting and receiving diversity (number of used channels) Determination and execution of reduction or termination of diaperity.

g) According to items a) to f), the mobile radio device 50 in communication
(B, C, D) may be located within the same zone or when the wireless base station 30 moves from one zone to another.
If the communication quality with (B, C) deteriorates, it is determined whether to switch the channel during communication (busy) for that channel. Note that in order to perform this operation, it is necessary to send a control signal to the opposing wireless base station 30 (B, C), but this instruction (control signal) is transmitted through a telephone call as shown in FIG. 2(a). This is done using a frequency band above or below the frequency band of the communication signal.

1)) By moving the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, 'D>, each radio base station 30 communicating with the other
The measurement results of reception quality changes in (B, C) are sent to the mobile radio device 50.
(by having mobile radio 1
50 (B, C, D>'s moving direction and moving speed were estimated, and on the other hand, the traffic state at the wireless base station 30 ([3°C) in the moving direction of the mobile radio equipment ([3, C, D>'s moving direction, which was separately investigated) (the usage status of communication channels), and if necessary, determine the multiplicity of transmitting and receiving diversity of the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>) that is communicating with these radio base stations 30 (B, C). Decrease or increase the amount.

Next, the operation of the entire system will be explained in the order of the following items.

(1) Location registration (2) Call origination operation (3) Call reception operation (4) Application of diversity during times of low traffic (5) Explanation and rationale for channel switching during a call and the diversity effect.

(6) Estimation of moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and communication channel allocation method for traffic congestion countermeasures.

(1) In the home area, which is the permanent location of the location-registering mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), or in the roam area, which is an area within the service other than the home area, the location registration mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) is already located in the gateway exchange 20 and surrounding areas. Radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n
is operating, the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D
When the power switch of > is turned on and the operation starts, the first thing that is performed is the location registration operation. The flow of this location registration operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

When the power switch of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is turned on, a signal to start an operation for registering the current location is transmitted to nearby radio base stations, for example, using an uplink control channel (CH). 30-1 to 30-n (S201, FIG. 4A).
, D), (8202>,
The wireless base station 30 confirms that the mobile wireless devices 50 (B, C, D) have started operating (S203Y).
ES), if the downlink control channel is off, it is turned on and permission to send a location registration signal is sent out using the downlink control channel (S204).

Upon receiving permission to send a location registration signal (3205), the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> uses an uplink control channel, multiplies its own ID (identification number), and sends out a location registration signal. (3206>. Communication using this control channel is possible even in the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. Even when used between devices, multiple channels can be skipped at high speed and sent and received to the same U,1.
Always secured.

Upon receiving the location registration signal (5207>, wireless base station 3
0 (In [3, C), the reception quality is inspected and the ID is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 (3208>. If the result of inspecting the reception quality is above a certain value, (S209YES)
, FIG. 4B), and sends a location registration request signal to the gateway exchange 20 (3210). Upon receiving this registration request signal (3211>, the gateway exchange 20 registers that the reception quality and location are stored in the plurality of wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-n (3212>). This registration work is completed. Then, a registration completion signal is sent out (S213).The radio base stations 30 (B, C) that have received this registration completion signal use the downlink control channel to transmit the registration completion signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C).
, D).

Mobile radio 0150 that received the registration completion signal (3215)
(B, C, D> inspects the received content and inputs the ID (identification number) of each registered wireless base station 30 (B, C).
Store in the D-Roam area information collation storage unit 54 (32
16>.

The above operation completes the position registration operation and enters a standby state for the arrival μP.

However, in the barrier switch 20, one more task remains. As mentioned above, in a plurality of radio base stations 30 that have registered the location of a mobile radio device 50, if these are not adjacent to each other but are separated by intervening radio base stations 30, a certain According to the rhythm, it is assumed that the location has been registered in the barrier exchange 1m20 for all other radio base stations 30 that exist between the plurality of radio base stations 30, and the location is registered in this barrier exchange 120. , to transmit the identification information of the mobile radio device 50 to the other radio base stations 30, and have each of them perform location registration.

This will be explained below using FIGS. 10A to 10D.

In FIG. 10A, adjacent radio base stations 30-1.
A case is shown in which the locations are registered in 30-2 and 30-3. In the figure, each hexagon is one small zone, and it is assumed that the wireless base station 30 is located at the center of the hexagon.

In the location registration state as shown in FIG. 10A, the gateway exchange 20 does not perform any work such as having other radio base stations 30 register their locations.

However, as shown in FIGS. 108 to 10D, the wireless base station 30-1. and 30-2 are not adjacent to each other, and other wireless base stations 30 are shown with diagonal lines in the middle.
In this case, depending on the relative relationship between the positions of the wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2, various cases can be considered as the wireless base station 30 whose location is to be registered among the intermediate wireless base stations 30.

That is, FIGS. 10B to 10D show various examples in which two wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2 perform location registration and are not in contact with each other. 1st
0 [In FIG. 3(a), wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-
The wireless base station whose service area is the shaded area between 2 and 2 is the target of location registration from the gateway exchange 20. In FIG. 10B (b), two wireless base stations located between the wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2 are targeted for location registration from the barrier exchange 1ff 120, and FIGS. 10B (C) and (b) ), the wireless base station 30
The four wireless base stations indicated by diagonal lines between -1 and 30-2 are subject to location registration.

Radio base station 30 in FIGS. 10B (b) and (d)
Although the relative positions of -1 and 30-2 are the same, depending on the algorithm performed by the barrier switch 20, all of the four wireless base stations indicated by diagonal lines may register their positions as shown in (d). is. As for which algorithm to use, it is necessary to determine the method that is most suitable for each individual system.

FIG. 10C and FIG. 10D show a case where the relative distance between wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2, which have completed location registration, is roughly apart. As shown in the figure, there are several ways to determine which of the many wireless base stations intervening in the middle performs location registration, and these are based on algorithms that are optimized for each system. need to be determined.

Now, in an actual wireless service area, wireless base stations are arranged in an orderly manner like the geometric pattern explained above, and the shape of the service area is also a perfect circle or a regular hexagon. , would be rather rare. That is, the positions of the radio base stations 30 are irregularly arranged, and the service area cannot be represented on a plane, but may be distorted due to the influence of buildings and topographic features. Therefore, in an actual system, radio transmission w1 is
Based on the results of the investigation, a map (diagram of the service area of each wireless base station 30) similar to that already explained in FIGS.
It is necessary to have an algorithm stored in the D identification storage unit 24 to obtain the above-mentioned effect. The wireless base station 30 that has completed the location registration moves to 3 as shown in FIG.
In the case of more than one wireless base station, the gateway exchange 20 may request location registration from a much larger number of wireless base stations than those mentioned above, but an algorithm similar to the above can be applied. .

The flow of the above operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 4C to 41.

Gateway switch 20, wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30
-3 and the mobile radio device 50 have started operation, and the radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2 have successfully received the location registration request signal from the mobile radio device 50 and are performing location registration. . The operations from stitch blocks 5151 to 5174 are the same as the operations from steps 3201 to 5216 described in FIG. 4A J3 and FIG. 4B.

Next, the barrier exchange 120 checks whether there is another radio base station intervening between these two radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2 (3175, FIG. 4F). As a result,
If the wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2 whose locations have already been registered are adjacent to each other, there is no intervening wireless base station between them, so the registration operation ends (Sl 75).
YES).

When it is determined that the wireless base station 30-3 is located between the wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-2 and not adjacent to each other (3175NO, 5176), the wireless base station 30-3 On the other hand, the gateway exchange 20 sends out a location registration request signal for the mobile radio device 50 (S177).

When the radio base station 30-3 receives this signal, it stores it in its own ID identification storage unit 34 (8178), and when this is completed, it sends a registration completion signal to the gateway exchange 1120 (S179).

When the gateway exchange 20 receives this signal, it
The wireless base station 30-3 is stored in the D identification storage unit 24 as the mobile wireless device 5.
0's location registration information is stored (3180).

With the above steps, all location registration operations are completed.

Note that, as is clear from the above description, the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C) of the mobile communication system according to the present invention.

D) Location registration differs from conventional systems in that registration is performed at multiple locations (in units of wireless base stations).

This represents one feature of the present invention.

In addition, when storing location registration information, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) and the barrier switch 20 measure the quality of the location registration signal sent from the mobile radio [50 (B, C, D)]. Therefore, for example, in barrier exchange R20, the mobile radio device 30 (B, C
.

Table 1 Wireless base station Mobile radio device Asagura Presentation Day 11 Year Month Date ID 10 S/N (C/N)
hours minutes seconds 30-1 50 50 1987
．． 8,1113,24.56 30-2 50 45 1987
．． 8,1113. 24. 56 30-3 50 35 1987
．． 8,1113, 24. 56 30-4 50 30 1987
．． 8,1113, 24. 56 30-5 50 25 1987
．． 8,1113, 24. 56 30-Ci 50-198
7.8,1113, 24. 56 30-7 50-1987.
8,1113, 24. 56 In Table 1, the radio base stations 30-6 and 30-7 themselves do not receive the location registration signal from the mobile radio 50 well, and therefore do not send the location registration request signal to the gateway exchange 20. However, in the barrier switch 20, the location @σ record was performed because the wireless base station 30-6 and 30-7 were located between the wireless base stations that had completed the location registration. It shows. Therefore, the first
As shown in the table, reception quality S/N (C/N> column is blank,
or displayed as insufficient.

Similarly, each radio base station also stores not only information received by the radio base stations 30 (B, C), but also information received from surrounding radio base stations as shown in Table 1.

This occurs when a communication path is established between the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) and the mobile radio 1150 (B, C.

D) Not only is this information useful when switching channels during calls as the mobile radio 50 moves, but also
(This is because it is necessary to estimate the moving direction, speed, etc. of B, C, D>.

For the same reason as above, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C,
The ID roam area information collation storage unit 54 in D> also stores information in the same manner as in Table 1.

Depending on the system, in order to store completely the same information as shown in Table 1, each wireless base station 30-1 to 30-5 may be sent to the wireless base station 30-6 using a downlink control channel.
and 30-7 to notify that the mobile radio device 50 has registered its location, or the radio base station 30-6.3
0-7, information about the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-5, etc. may be notified. Roughly speaking, information similar to the above may be communicated to the mobile radio device 50 from the radio base station 30-1 using a downlink control channel.

Next, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> moves from the zone where the location was registered while it is in the handset (not talking) state,
Suppose that it has moved to an adjacent zone. For example, in a system where control signals are constantly sent from the wireless base stations 30 (B, C), recognition of this movement is performed by changing the ID of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) included in the received control signal. Radio 50
(B, C, D> can be identified by comparing it with the stored ID.

In a system in which control signals are not always sent from the radio base stations 30 (B, C, D>), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
0 (B, C) using the uplink control channel, and in response, each wireless base station 30
Wireless base station 30 (B, C) sent from (B, C)
) is made possible by comparing the ID information stored in the mobile radio 1m50 (B, C, D>).

In any of the above systems, among the ID information of the radio base stations 30 (B, C) obtained as a result, the base station ID information previously stored in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is If it is discovered that there is at least one new base station ID information that is different, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> are judged to have moved to the new zone,
The control unit 58 (B, C) (see FIG. 1B) updates the location registration in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54. In other words, the mobile radio device 5 uses the uplink control channel.
0 (B, C, D> ID information is sent to the surrounding wireless base station 30
Send to (B, C).

A plurality of wireless base stations 30 (B
, C), perform the same procedure as already explained,
Sends the location registration signal of the mobile radio Ia50 (B, C, D>) to the gateway exchange 20.The barrier exchange F that receives this signal
In M20, the ID identification storage section 24 in the own device is operated to register the location registration information of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).
Replace old information with new information. As a result, the location registration of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) is updated.

The above update work is necessary because the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>) is the standby I4, and if you move to a new zone during communication (talking), update the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>) to the gateway exchange assigns new call channels to new wireless base stations (B, C
) and mobile radio 50 (B.

C, D>, the location registration is updated at the same time, so no special operation is required.

In addition, in a system in which the number of wireless devices connected to the wireless base stations 30 (B, C) is small and the wireless devices for control channels are diverted to communication channels, the wireless base stations 30 (
When B, C) is communicating with another mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>), if the conventional technology is used, there is no other radio on standby, so even if another mobile radio Even if a location registration request was issued, the call was invalid.

However, as a configuration of a mobile radio device, for example, a plurality of synthesizer 1 noisers 55-1 to 55-n as shown in FIG. 1B,
56-1 to 56-n and changeover switch 64-1.64-2
By equipping the mobile radio with a control channel, it is possible to communicate with a newly called mobile radio using the control channel even if the mobile radio is already communicating with another mobile radio by chopping and repeatedly switching the transmitting and receiving channels. be. Therefore, it becomes possible to accept location registration.

(2) Calling operation The calling operation from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) will be explained.

It is assumed that the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> is powered on and the location registration explained in section (1) has been completed. From the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D) The calling operation when calling another mobile radio in the same system or a telephone included in the telephone network 10 shown in FIG. 1A is similar to calling from a currently used car telephone. dial operation is performed.

Now, the user performs a hang-off operation of the telephone section 59 of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. In this state, the mobile radio 150 controls the timing at which the calling signal sent from the mobile radio 50 should be sent to the uplink control channel (from the mobile radio 50 to the radio base station 30 (B, C)). Part 58 knows. During a samurai call before a calling state, the downlink control channel (from the radio base station 30 (B, C) to the mobile radio 1
This is because the mobile radio device 50 has captured the control signal 50) and recognizes the timing when the control signal included therein allows the call to be made.

Also, in mobile radio t450, all functions shown in FIG. 1B are active. Especially the synth → Neu1A55-1.
55-2. ..., 55-n is made to prepare for local oscillation frequency oscillation, but the selector switch 64-1 is kept fixed at the position where the synthesizer 55-1 is selected. Further, the control section 58 sends a control signal to the synchronizer 55-1 to oscillate a local oscillation frequency for receiving the downlink control channel. On the other hand, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3
In Or), if there is only one radio in the radio base station, the uplink control signal from the mobile radio 50 is transmitted in the next operation depending on whether or not it is communicating with another mobile radio. We are working hard to receive the following.

First, at the wireless base station 30 (B, C) that is communicating with another mobile wireless device at that time, the wireless base station 30 (B, C)
) reception and transmission switching controllers 65C, 67C1
and Shinjo 1 Noia 55-1゜55-2.56-1
．． 56-2 or eJ is currently in production, of which 55-1.56
-1 outputs a local oscillation frequency necessary for communication with other mobile radios, and synthesizers 55-2 and 56-2 output local oscillation frequencies necessary for communication on the control channel. Therefore, calls from mobile radios 50 located in the vicinity of radio base stations 30 (B, C) can be answered immediately.

Next, at that time, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) that are not communicating with other mobile radios and are on standby on the control channel can receive the reception state of the radio reception circuit 68 on the control channel. This is how it is fixed. Therefore, the wireless transmitting circuit 66 and the like are inactive, and the wireless receiving circuit 68,
Only the synthesizer noiser 55-1 is in operation.

Now, under the above conditions, the mobile radio device 50 transmits a call request signal. ID of this moving heat lj1 machine 50
A call request signal containing the above is generated by the control unit 58 in FIG. 1B and sent to the wireless transmission circuit 66. The radio transmitting circuit 66 adds modulation and amplifies it to an appropriate level, then sends it to the transmitting microphone 4.
The signal is added to the antenna from Noro 1 and sent to the wireless base station 30-1 and the like.

The radio base station 30-1, etc. that has successfully received this signal inspects the content of the received signal and sends the radio base station 30-1
It is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 of the mobile radio 50 that has completed location registration, and the reception quality value and empty channel number received at the radio base station 30-1 are confirmed. In addition, a reply is sent to the mobile radio device 50 that made the call, requesting the mobile radio device 50 to determine the communication channel number to be used. If the mobile radio is not stored in the storage unit 34 of the radio base station 30-1, it is stored at this point and the added information is returned to the mobile radio 50. However, in this case, the timing of the reply is related to the reception quality as described above so as not to interfere with replies from other radio base stations.

On the other hand, these surrounding radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.・
..., the mobile radio device 5 that received the response signal from 30-n.
0, the number of radio base stations to which diversity transmission and reception should be performed is determined by considering the call traffic state at that time. That is, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.・、３
The contents of the response signals from 0-n are inspected, and mobile radios 50 are selected from among those whose call quality satisfies a certain standard.
The radio base station 30-1. 30-2 or 3 Q
Suppose that it is decided to communicate with -n. In this case, the mobile radio device 50 uses the uplink control channel to
0-1, 30-2°, . . . , 30-n are notified of the communication channel number to be used, and requested to wait on the channel with the same number.

These radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ...,...
3Q-n, each of the wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-n reports that it is on standby in the designated communication channel at the timing designated by the control signal.

Above) Reports (transmissions) from the plurality of small radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 may be sent at the same time. However, in this case, it is necessary to set different occupied frequency bands outside the band and to allow the mobile radio device 50 to identify which radio base station 30 has transmitted the signal.

The flow of the above calling operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 5A and 5B. However, only one radio base station 30 (30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50 is shown as a representative.The barrier switch 20 and the radio base station 30-1 have already started operation, and the mobile radio device 50b The operation has started, and the location registration work explained in FIGS. 4A, 4B, or 4C to 4F has been completed.The handset is lifted (
off-hook), using the uplink control channel (CH),
This off-hook signal and an ID (identification number) of 50 are sent to the mobile radio (3231, FIG. 5A).

The radio base station 30-1 that received this transmits the mobile radio 1m5.
It detects ID 0 and confirms that it is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 (S232).

Therefore, the radio base station 30-1 adds the reception quality value received from the mobile radio device 50 and the current empty channel number, and sends it as a call response signal using the downlink control channel (S233>.

The mobile radio device 50 that has received such call response signals from the plurality of radio base stations 30 examines the value of reception quality from each radio base station 30, and selects a radio base station 30-, which is capable of diversity transmission and reception, for example. 1 to 30-n, check the empty channel 3234>, and send a signal specifying the communication channel to be used (3235>.Here, the radio base station 3
For 0-1, transmit channel CH1. The radio base station 30-1 confirms that the communication channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free, switches to that channel (3236>, and sends a channel switching completion report using the downlink control channel. (S237). Upon receiving this switching completion report (3238>, the mobile radio R50 waits for dialing on the specified communication channel (32).
39>.

On the other hand, the radio base station 30-1 sends a calling signal to the gateway exchange 20 (3240>. Upon receiving this, the gateway exchange 20 inputs the ID of the mobile radio 50 and the communication quality.
The D identification is stored in the storage unit 24, and the switch group 23, for example 5W1-1, is turned on under the control of the communication path control unit 21 to connect the wireless base station 30-1 to the exchange 11 of the telephone network 10 (S241).

Therefore, a dial tone is sent from the exchange 111 side via the switch group 23 of the barrier exchange 20 (S24
2, Figure 5B).

This dial tone is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 through channel CH1 (downlink) (S243) and received by the mobile radio 50, confirming that the call has been set up (S244). The wireless FA 50 sends out the dial signal of the destination using the channel C111 (upstream) 5245>, and the wireless base station 30-1 transfers it (3
246>, the exchange 11 operates and a call path to the destination on the telephone network 10 is set up (S247>. After that, a call is made (3248>).

When the call is completed, the handset goes on-hook (3
249>, the on-hook signal and end call number 13 are sent from the mobile radio 50 using channel CH1 (upstream) (
3250>. As a result, the radio base station 30-1 confirms the end of the call (3251>) and notifies the gateway exchange 20 of the end of the call. Therefore, in the barrier switch 20, the switch S of the switch group 23 is
W1-1 is turned off and the call ends (S252>).

(3) Call Receiving Operation The present invention has been described above regarding the origination of a call from the mobile radio device 50, but the flow of the operation of receiving a call to the mobile radio device 50 will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B. . Here, one of the many wireless base stations 30, 30-1, is shown as a representative.

For example, a mobile radio device 50 or the like existing in the vicinity of radio base station 30-1 or the like is on standby on a control channel that is commonly used by all radio base stations 30.

In FIG. 1A, it is assumed that an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio 50 enters the barrier switch 20 from the telephone network 10. Checkpoint exchange F
It is assumed that the ID identification storage unit 24 in the M20 inspects incoming call signals and searches for the called party's ID@, and finds the wireless base station 30 (plurality) whose current location is registered.

Then, the mobile radio device 50 simultaneously sends an incoming call signal to all the radio base stations 30 whose locations are registered via the communication control unit 21 (3271, FIG. 6A).

Each wireless base station 30 that received this signal (including
Some gateway exchanges perform location registration from the mobile radio device 50 at the request of the mobile radio device 50, but the operation is exactly the same). When the radio confirms that ID 50 is stored there, it uses the downlink control channel to send a signal requesting an incoming call and a call channel designation to the mobile radio 50, adding the ID of the radio base station 30-1. and send it. The mobile radio device 50 is called to other radio base stations 30 in a similar manner at substantially the same time <3272>.

On the other hand, this incoming call signal is received by the mobile radio Fj150 that is on standby on the control channel, and after searching the crystal quality and signal content of the received signal and confirming that it is an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio 150, (S273>, the mobile radio device 50 connects to each radio base station 30-1 in consideration of the nearby call traffic state.
．． 30-2. ..., 30-n, and uses the uplink 11 control channel to communicate with the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. −． Send to 30-n (S
274>.

At the same time, mobile radio [55-1.55-2 and 56-1.56-
2. ..., 56-n and selector switch 64-1.64-
2 and the reception and transmission switching controllers 65C and 67C, for example, communication channel C)-11 (for radio base station 3O-1J), communication channel Cl-12 (for radio base station 30-2), etc.・・・・・・．

The communication channel n (for wireless base station 30-n) is brought into a state in which transmission and reception are possible. Each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n that received the uplink control channel from the mobile radio 50 inspects the quality of the received signal, confirms the ID of the mobile radio 50 that transmitted the signal (3275), and transmits the received signal. A call response signal is sent to the barrier switch 20 (S276).

This incoming call response signal to the gateway exchange 20 also includes a signal to the switch group 23 for setting a communication path. Then, upon receiving this incoming call response signal, the barrier switch 20 will:
It is checked whether the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is recorded in the ID identification storage unit 24, and if it is not stored, the ID identification is recorded together with the quality inspection data of the radio base station 30-1. It registers in the storage unit 24 (3277>), and sends a response confirmation signal including the stored ID etc. to the wireless base station 30-1 etc. (3278>).

Upon receiving this response 1i1f acknowledgment signal, the radio base station 301 confirms that the ID of the mobile radio 50 has been correctly registered (5279) and checks whether the channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free. 5280, Fig. 6B), and sends a signal indicating whether or not the switching is acceptable via the downlink control channel to the mobile radio device 50 (Fig. 6B).
S281>.

If this switching approval/disapproval signal is received (S282), the mobile radio 50 does not approve switching of the specified channel because there are no free channels (8283NO>
, returns to step 5274 and specifies another call channel (3274>, if the specified channel is an empty channel and switching is approved (S283 YES)
>, switches to that channel and sends a channel incision completion report using the uplink control channel (S284).

Confirmed that the channel was switched to a free channel (3285
>The wireless base station 30-1 switches to this channel and
A channel switching completion signal is sent to the barrier switch 20 (3286).

When the gateway switch 20 receives the channel switching completion signal, it operates the call path control unit 21 and switches the switch group 2 in order to set up a call path to the telephone network 10 via the switch 11.
For example, 5W1-1 of 3 is turned on, and the wireless base station 30
-1 and the telephone network 10 (3287>. Then, a calling signal is sent from the telephone network 10 side via the barrier exchange 120 (3288, FIG. 6C), and this is transmitted to the wireless base station 30.
-1 (3289>).Then, a calling bell signal is sent out on the set communication channel CH1, and the mobile radio 50
to generate a ring tone (3291>).

When the handset on the mobile radio Bi 50 side is lifted up (off-hook) due to this ringing tone (S292>, an off-hook signal is sent out on channel C1-th, and transferred by the radio base station 30-1. (3293>, the barrier exchange is received by 20 (S294>, the telephone network 10 and the mobile radio 50
A call is started with (8295>).

When the call ends, the handset is put down and the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the wireless base station 3 via channel C1]1.
0-1 (S296), and the radio base station 30-1, which has confirmed the end of the call, transfers this signal (S297>). , activate the call path control unit 21 and turn off 5W1-1 of switch u23 to end the call (3298)
.

In the above, even in a system in which the control transceiver installed in the radio base station 30-1 is diverted to a communication channel, the transmission and reception channels as explained in the configuration of the mobile radio device are repeated over time. By the switching method, it is possible to communicate with a newly incoming mobile radio using the control channel even if it is already communicating with a third mobile radio (see FIG. 1D).

In the system exemplified in (2) call operation and (3) call reception operation described above, it is clear that there are wireless channels dedicated to control and wireless channels dedicated to calls.
(C) However, in some actual systems, this distinction is not clear. In such systems, a specific communication channel is treated as the control channel explained above, and an equivalent It is possible to cause the action to take place.

(4) Traffic slowdown: application of diversity in 5 Due to the calling/receiving operations explained in sections (2) and (3), zero
Suppose that communication has started between two mobile radios (or between two mobile radios in the system).

In this case, the number of radio base stations 30 with which the mobile radio device 50 communicates is 1.
And the communication traffic state within the system, at least for mobile radio, the traffic state in the vicinity of 50 is as follows:
It is assumed that it is not the busy hour, that is, the busiest time (the same implementation is possible even when the number of wireless base stations 30 is two or more).

Then, the mobile radio@50 starts preparing to perform diversity transmission and reception. Therefore, the control unit 58 in the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. Noiri 5
In addition to 5-1 and 56-1, frequency oscillation is requested to synthesizers 55-n and 55-n so that control channel CH50 can be transmitted and received. At the same time, the control unit 58
Then, sending out a control signal to the wireless transmission circuit 66 is started. In this control signal, the mobile radio checks the ID of 50, the type of communication (type of voice, data, etc.), and the channel number currently in use. request to start the diversity transmission/reception operation. However, the above conditions for the radio base station 30 are such that if the radio base station 30 is
If the configuration is as shown in Figures E and 1F, it is possible to communicate with a new mobile wireless device even if the mobile wireless device of a third party is currently communicating, so this condition must be met. It is possible to alleviate this.

As a result of the above operation, the output of the transmission mixer 61 of the mobile radio R50 is transmitted by the control channel C)-150 in addition to the currently communicating channel C1'1. In addition to receiving the communication channel Cl-11 during a call, it is also possible to receive the control channel. this is(
This is explained in detail in section 5), ``Operation of channel switching during a call''.

The control signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 is sent to a plurality of nearby radio base stations 30-2, 30-3.・
..., 30-n. Then, the radio base station 30-2, which is one of them, inspects the content of the crystal quality signal of the received signal and finds that the quality of the signal received from the mobile radio device 50 is above a certain value and that the signal is fixed. There will be no deterioration in communication quality and there is no possibility of interference occurring.
When the transmitting mobile radio 50 is disconnected, the mobile radio 150 transmits a control signal containing the ID of its own radio base station 30-2 and an available radio channel number (for example, CI-12>, etc.). , reports whether diversity transmission/reception is possible.

This signal is received by the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 and transmitted to the control section 58. The control unit 5 that received this
8, after examining the signal sent from the wireless base station 30-2, it was determined that it was appropriate to perform diversity transmission and reception, and the synthesizer "55-2 and 56-2
In contrast, the radio base station 30- communicates on channel C)-12.
2, requires the generation of a local oscillator frequency.

In addition, to the wireless base station 30-2, the call path control unit 21 in the barrier exchange 20 operates the switch group 23 to send the currently communicating call signal to the wireless base station 30-2 in parallel. request.

In response to this request, the gateway exchange 20 is performed by the wireless base station 30.
In accordance with the request of -2, audio signals from general telephones, such as voice signal 1, are transmitted not only to wireless base station 30-1 but also to wireless base station 30-1.
Start sending the same signal to -2.

The radio base station 30-2 that has received this audio signal adds the ID of the radio base station 30-2 and the like to the mobile radio device 50, and sends it out on the radio channel C112. On the other hand, since the mobile radio device 50 is ready to receive the radio channel C1]2, the communication quality monitoring section 57 inspects the output of the radio receiving circuit 68 that received this signal, and finds that the quality is good. If so, the voice signal is transmitted to the telephone section 59 and the control signal is transmitted to the control section 58.

By performing the above operations, mobile radio device 50 enters a diversity transmission/reception state with radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2.

Above) The diversity transmission/reception execution request signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 to the radio base station 30 in the vicinity is transmitted to the radio station 30-3 other than the radio base station 30-2.
．． 30-4. −． 30-n also receives the same response signal, and among these radio base stations that meet the conditions, the same response signal as 30-1 should be transmitted to the mobile radio device 50.

Therefore, when the controller 5B or the gateway switch 20 of the mobile radio 1M50 wants to perform diversity transmission/reception with a larger number of radio base stations, it is possible to When all the operations are performed normally and the same operations are performed when transmitting/receiving diversity between the two, for example, the transmitting/receiving of diversity is started between the base station 30-3 and the wireless base station 30-3.

Hereinafter, by the same operation as above, the radio base station 30- which is closest to the mobile radio 150, is not currently in communication, and whose communication quality satisfies a certain standard required for the system or higher.
3.30-4. . . , 30-n, diversity transmission and reception is similarly started. The multiplicity of diversity is the number of radio base stations 30 that can communicate or the number of frequencies that can be transmitted and received (the number of radio base stations 30 that can communicate with each other), or the number of frequencies that can be transmitted and received, i.e., the synthesizer frequency in the case of FIG. 1B. It depends on the number of ")" in 55-1 to 55-n or 56-1 to 56-n.

Also, in the above explanation, the call traffic within the system is
Although we assumed the case where υ is not υ, the 1~Rahitsuk state is measured at each radio base station 30 or mobile radio Fj 150, and when the 1~Rahitsuk changes in width sequentially, the multiplicity of diversity is sequentially changed. Restrictions will be added, and at the busiest time, the state will shift to a state where the multiplicity is 1, that is, there is no diversity. However, by differentiating the reduction of multiplicity depending on the type of communication being carried out (voice, data, facsimile, etc.), it is possible to perform systematic processing such as making broadband communication less susceptible to multiplicity restrictions. Therefore, the present invention has features such as being able to ensure good communication regardless of the type of communication.

(5) Explanation and theoretical explanation of channel switching during a call and diversity effect When n-1 radio base stations 30 and one mobile radio device 50 communicate using n-1 channels. If the quality of communication in one of the wireless base stations 30 that satisfies the certain communication quality and that is not currently communicating Before switching to another channel (new channel) and communicating, the open receiving means and the switching transmitting means are switched at a speed that does not affect the communication signal, and
- The old channel other than the 2g channel and the new channel are temporarily sent and received in parallel, and if the quality of the new channel is checked during that time and it is confirmed that it is above a certain level, the operation for channel switching is performed. The communication was completed using n-1 wireless channels including the new channel. Therefore, instantaneous communication interruptions due to channel switching are no longer caused. In addition, it is now possible to obtain transmitting and receiving diversity effects even when channel switching is not performed.

FIGS. 18 to 11 show system configurations for explaining an example of this operation. This will be explained below with reference to these figures.

The mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> (hereinafter simply abbreviated as 5O) is a synthesizer 4 noiser 55-1.55-2°...,
55-(n-1), a wireless receiving circuit 68, and a wireless transmitting circuit 66, the wireless base station 30-1.30-2. −． 30
- (n-1> and communication channels CI-r1, Cl-12
, . . . It is assumed that communication is in progress using CI<n-1>. It is assumed that the mobile radio device 50 moves away from the radio base station 30-1 and approaches the radio base station 30-n. Then, as the relative distance between the mobile radio ff150 and the radio base station 30-1 increases, the call quality begins to deteriorate.
The communication quality monitoring unit 56 of the mobile radio device 50 detects this (it detects that the level has decreased to 1 or less). In addition,
Even at level L1, the line is set to exceed the required value.

The mobile radio 50 requests all radio base stations 30 in the vicinity to measure the quality of the signals transmitted by the mobile radio 50. In response to this request, each radio base station 30 that is not currently communicating with the mobile radio device 50 reports the measured value to the mobile radio device 50.

In this case, the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna of the own mobile radio device 50 is transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, 30-2, .・
, 30- (n-1>) while continuously transmitting a call signal addressed to base station 30-1 via an uplink (from mobile radio 50 to radio base station 30) control channel (CI-150).
．． 30-2. ..., 3O-(n-1>), if the reception condition is good for the surrounding radio base station (for example, 30-n>), the downlink (from the radio base station 30 to the mobile radio device 50) control channel (C )-150> to request a response.

The contents of the control signal sent from the mobile radio device 50 include the signals shown below.

i) Mobile radio 150 ID.

ii) Partner wireless base station 30-1, 30-2 that is currently being called
．． , 30-(n-1) ID and reception quality.

1ii) Channel number currently in use.

iv) Type of communication (telephone, fax, data, etc.).

y) 4 nobis types.

A control signal including such content is received by a plurality of nearby wireless base stations 30.

That is, these radio base stations 30 use the control channel (for example, CI-I 50 ) determined by each system during standby, unless they are communicating with another mobile radio.
The signal is being received by each radio base station 30. At the same time, the communication quality monitoring section 36 installed in each radio base station 30 that receives the communication quality is inspected at 1, and if the quality is above a certain level, the communication quality is checked.
D is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 in the wireless base station 30 and notified to the control unit 38. This notice includes:
It includes the following:

a> ID of the mobile radio device 50 that sent the data.

b) Mobile radio! 150 is currently communicating with the other party's wireless base station 30-1, 30-2.・, 30- (n=1)
ID of.

C> Channel number in use.

d) Type of communication.

e) Reception status (S/N or C/N (carrier-to-noise ratio) or average bit error rate in the case of digital signals).

f) 4. T-bis type.

Upon receiving this signal, the control unit 38 inspects its contents and searches for a communicable empty channel stored in its own radio base station 30-n. As a result, if Mobile Radio determines that there is an empty channel that does not meet the type of service desired by 50, and that the required communication quality can be maintained for a certain period of time even after channel switching, it will The radio base station 30-n decides to notify the mobile radio 1M50 of the reception status. For that purpose, firstly, check the barrier exchange 2.
0, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 that sent the message, and the radio base station 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3O-(n-1>
5WI of switch group 23.
-1, 1-2, 1-n are turned on at the same time, and the radio base stations 30-1, 30-n are also turned on.
-2. ..., 3O-(n-1) (hereinafter abbreviated as 30-1, etc.) requests transmission of the same call signal. however,
As will be described later, this operation can be omitted if the modulation format of the signal used in the wireless transmission path is a width modulation wave or shallow frequency modulation.

Next, radio base station 30- for radio base station 3C)-n
Regarding the timing of transmitting a call signal in response to a request for transmitting the same call signal as the first class, the timing of transmission is determined depending on the receiving state of e). However, if the reception condition is extremely good, for example, C/N = 40 dB or higher, it will transmit immediately, and if C/N = 39 to 30 dB, it will transmit after 2 seconds.
= 29 to 20 dB after 4 seconds, C/N = 19 to 15
In this case, the mobile radio device 50 changes the timing of the reply according to the received C/N value according to a procedure determined within the system so as to transmit after a certain period of time such as 6 seconds has elapsed.
Send to. The reason for taking this timing is to prevent interference caused by simultaneous transmission of control signals with other radio base stations 30, and to prevent the mobile radio device 50 receiving the control signal from interfering with other radio base stations 30.
However, this is to make it easier to select a wireless base station 30-n etc. with a good reception condition.

Now, the signal transmitted from the radio base station 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 includes the following contents.

1] Call signal: Downlink call signal obtained from the barrier switch 20 (from a telephone in the telephone network 10 to the mobile radio 50).

This transfers the mobile radio B1 from the current radio base station 30-1, etc.
It is exactly the same as the call signal being transmitted to 50. Furthermore, the modulation level of the signal wave performed by the modulator included in the transmitter 31 of the wireless base station 3 Q-n is also the same as that of the wireless base station 30-1.
It is set the same as in the case of etc.

2] Control phase: This includes the following signals.

2-1) ID of mobile radio FM 50 received by own radio base station 30-n.

2-2) ID of own wireless base station 30-n.

2-3) A communication channel number that can be used by the own wireless base station 302n (without interference) and that matches the service distinction and type of communication.

2-4) Reception status (reception C/N value, etc.).

The control signal containing such information transmitted by the radio base station 30-n is received by the mobile radio 1fi50.

In this way, the information such as the C/N value sent from each radio base station 30-n etc. is 1-I.The control unit 5B of the mobile radio device 50 compares the information on the number of phases and finds that the radio base station If it is confirmed that the measurement result of the station 30-n has the best value and satisfies the quality standard level 12 or higher, provided that L2>11, the mobile radio device 50
It is determined that the communication zone 0-n has approached the vicinity of the communication zone (zone n), and a decision is made to switch channels.

Then, as a result of checking the ID and roam area information collation storage unit 54 to find out which communication channel is available in zone [], it is found that Chiqui-Le C1]n is using it as informed by the wireless base station 30-n. Know that it is possible. Therefore, using the uplink control channel, the wireless base station 3
0-n to perform transmission and reception on channel C)-ln, and also sends an instruction to switch 5 of the switch group 23 to the barrier exchange FA 20 via the wireless base station 30-n.
WI-1 and 5W1-2.3WI-(n-1> stupid S
W1-n are turned on at the same time, and the wireless base station 30
-n also, wireless base station 30-1.30-2°...
, 3O-(n-1>) requests to start transmitting the same call signal.

In response to these requests, the gateway switch 20 also turns on 5W1-n of the switch group 23, and switches on the wireless base station 30-n.
n starts transmitting the voice signal using the telephone line (X/Nel r). In this case, naturally the wireless base station 30-n
Modulation depth of the modulator of other radio base stations 30-1.30
-2,3C) -3,...

It is the same as 3O-(n-1).

In order to realize the transmission of this control signal, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, as shown in FIG.
As shown in a), the communication channel band is 0.3 to 3.0.
Low frequency f outside KIlz. .

(e.g. about 1001-1z) or a high frequency f,1
゜fD2. fD3"" D8 (e.g. 3.8K) -
8 waves from 12 to 4.5Kl-1z at intervals of 0°1Kl-1z, provided that ``)=8'' are used.

When there are many items to be controlled, ie, control data, the wave number of the control frequency "oo~'D8 may be further increased, or a subcarrier format may be used. In this case, for example, " It is also possible to transmit more control data by applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one wave or a plurality of waves on the back of ~f08.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two for transmission. This is briefly explained in Figure 2. Do as shown in (b).

Figure 3 shows the timing before and after channel switching of this system shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C.
Indicates date.

In FIG. 3 illustrating the channel switching operation, the radio base station 30-1 indicates that the quality of the channel Cl-11 used between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio 50 has decreased to level 1 or higher. -1 or the communication quality monitoring unit 37 of the mobile radio device 50. Alternatively, the radio base station 57 detects this and starts preparations to enable parallel reception of transmitted radio waves from the wireless base station 30-n on the channel Cl-In through the process described above.

Of course, the control unit 58 of the mobile radio TA50 had previously controlled the synthesizers 55-1, 55-2. ..., 55-(n
-1>, the transmission wave of the radio base station 30-1 by channel Cl-11, the transmission wave of the radio base station 30-2 by channel CH2, . . ., channel CI-1n.
From the state in which the radio base station 30- (n-1>) transmission waves are being received by the radio base station 30-1, the synthesizer 55-n is also activated, and the channel C transmitted from the radio base station 30-n is activated.
The synthesizer 55-n is made to generate a frequency that can also receive the transmitted wave of Ii n.

Thus, due to the quality deterioration of the channel C)-11 being transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, the radio base station 30-1
When communication with wireless base station 3 is about to be stopped,
0-n and channel CHn are started. That is, in the mobile radio device 5o, the switch 64-1 receives a switching drive input signal from the reception switching controller 65C.
Continue the repeated switching. Same n, fJ, synthesizer 56-1.56-2. ..., 56-
(n-1> is activated, channels CH1 to Cl-
1n-1 to wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-("]
-1), the synthesizer 55-
r) is also operated to shift to a state in which transmission 1g can be sent to radio base station 3 Q-n using channel CI-I n. Synthesizer 56 used for this transmission
-1.56-2...156n are repeatedly switched by the changeover switch 64-2 using a switching drive input signal from the transmission switching controller 67C.

Dinonel Cl-11 and C)-12, ------, C
)-1n are transmitted and received in parallel, this switching transmission/reception period continues until the mobile radio device 5o confirms that the channel CI-1n and the quality of the same channel are at a certain level 2 or higher, and then opens channel CH1,
Wireless base station 30-2.30-3. . , 30-") and the mobile radio R50, the communication between Chitnel C)-12,C
The operation is continued without interruption only with H3,- and Cl-In.

Changeover switch 64-1.6 during this switching transmission/reception period
4-2 switching frequency "1" is determined to be, for example, 2n times or more of the highest frequency included in the signal. This will be explained in detail below.

The optimum value of the switching frequency is determined by considering the following conditions.

1) Modulation format of the signal to be transmitted 2) Signal frequency band to be transmitted 3) Control frequency band to be transmitted 4) Band characteristics of the transmitter/receiver section, especially the band characteristics of the high frequency filter installed in the antenna channel 5 ) Waveform characteristics of the switching controller 6) Response characteristics of the frequency synthesizer 7) Wave number for W1 transmission and number of channels used in the system 8) Radio wave propagation characteristics of the transmission path 9) From the barrier switch 20 to the wireless base station 30-1 A signal transmission path to the mobile radio device 50 via the radio system control device 20
For example, if 1) is frequency modulation and 2) is an audio signal, the transmission delay time difference is 0 due to the difference in the transmission path of the signal from
．． 3 to 3.0 Kt-1z, 3) When using the out-of-band control signal shown in Figure 2 (a), 0.3 + -12 or less (f, o) or 3.8 to 4 degrees. 5KH2 (f,
1. fo2. −, rD8>. 4) As a characteristic, the passband width is 16KHz (or 8K) -12>
, 5 should be selected keeping in mind that the response characteristics of the synthesizer in 6) are good and the output waveform is good, and the synthesizer used should be selected based on the input of the switching controller in 5). An abruptly rapid response characteristic is desired.

Items 7) to 9) are items to be taken into consideration from the system design perspective, but in the car phone system described as an embodiment of the present invention, 7) is 900M)-1z, 600D, so the frequency used is Bandwidth is 15M+-1z (or
1200 channels (15M)-IZ), 8) are known in many documents, and 9) is about 0.03 m.

Considering the above comprehensively, for example, in a car telephone system, the frequency at the selector switch 64-2 of the mobile radio UI 50 is selected to be about 20XnMH2.

The case of reception will be explained below. When the audio signal and control signal are digitized as shown in FIG. 2(b), it is appropriate to use a faster frequency as the switching frequency, and n x 20 K)-l z~ 30K l-
A value on the order of IZ may be sufficient.

Also, the channel C1- seen from the input section of the reception mixer 63
11, 2, 3, ., n-1, n carrier wave frequency is ω1.
ω2. ..., ω, -1, ω1, and synthesizer 55
-1.55-2. ..., 55-(n-1), 55-n
The output frequencies of ω[1, ωL2ωLn-1.
ω[, then radio base station 30-1, 30-2-. 3
0- (n-1>, 30-n to the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier included in the receive mixer 63; J'3 carrier wave frequency is Ω1=ω1-ω[1(11) Ω2= ω2−ωL2 (12)Ωn−1−
n-1-''Ln-1 low 1 0 = ω - ωLn (In) In In other words, by the operation of the changeover switch 64-1, the receiving unit 53 receives the intermediate frequency as Ω1 = ω1-ωL1 Ω2 = ω2-ω [2 Ωn-1-〇on-1''Ln-1 Ω = ω - ω[n In ], and other signal waves having carrier wave frequencies are sequentially input. And (11) and (12)...

Equation (1) is Ω →Ω →...kiΩ. −1=Ω. (2>
It is necessary for the relationship. Such a signal is amplified in the receiving section and then demodulated in the demodulation circuit, but if there is a frequency difference between the n intermediate frequencies ω1-'') Ll L2 ωn-1-''Ln-1 ω - ωLn, There are cases where distortion noise occurs in the demodulated output signal and cases where it does not. In the case of frequency modulation or phase modulation, if there is no frequency difference, no distorted sound will occur, but if there is a frequency difference, the frequency difference (beat frequency) will contain the same component as the signal frequency. will occur, and will not occur if it is not included.

On the other hand, in the case of amplitude modulation, no distortion noise occurs even if the frequency difference increases. However, even in the case of amplitude modulation, if an intermediate frequency amplifier or the like has nonlinear characteristics, nonlinear distortion will occur due to harmonics, so it is necessary to use an amplifier with good linearity.

Even if the local oscillation frequencies for C11, CH2, -, C1-1o-1, and Cl-1n are cyclically added to the input of the receiving MIG1 node 63 of the mobile radio device 50 as described above, no communication is possible. It will be theoretically explained that the transition from channel CH1 to channel CI-1n can be carried out without any abnormality, without any momentary interruption (noise mixing), and that there is a reception diversity effect.

First, the case of using angle modulated waves will be explained.

A data or audio signal (for signals in analog or digital format) can be expressed as follows.

μ(1) = Σa・CO3(ωi = 1θi)1・11 Also, the control signal existing outside the band is μ(t) =,,ff a−CO3(ω−t+01)C
+=m+11 1 Here, a・ is the magnitude of the amplitude, ωi is the angular frequency of the signal,
C1 represents the phase when t=Q. m.

r) represents a positive integer.

Next, the case of frequency modulation will be explained, but the present invention is similarly applicable to phase modulation. When the carrier wave is frequency-modulated using equation (3) or equations (3) and (4), the resulting modulated wave is: )=IOsinf(ω0μ(t)) d −I □
S! n (ωt+5(t)> (5) or I= I□ sin f (ω10μ(1)10μ.(t)
)dt=Iosin(ωt+5(t) 10Sc(t)
)(5') However, m・=a・/ωi (i=1.2.3...n) As a result, equation 5(t)+ in the sin of the right side of equation (5')
5o(t) represents the intra-membrane type of transmission signal.

Now, using equation (5> or (5'), wireless base station 30-1.30-2. , 30- (n-1>, 30
-n is input to the reception mixer 63 via the antenna of the mobile radio 50, and the signal is input to the reception mixer 63 at a local oscillation frequency (in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55-1.55-2.
..., 55-(n-1>, 55-n), the input to the receiving section 53 is as shown in the following equation using the same symbols as equations (1) and (2). can be expressed. (
However, the changeover switch 64-1 is in the stopped state)aI
・= IoH3! n (ΩHt+5(t) +So
H(t)><:=1.2. ..., n) Next, assume that the changeover switch 64-1 starts the changeover operation. In addition, wireless base station 3O-i (i=1.2...
, n), the audio signal s(t) and the control signal S. 1(t
) are sent respectively, and the mobile radio receives I= (I o1/n) as an input to the receiving section 53 of 50.
[1+2i 1(n/rTlN')XSin
(m7r/n)CO5mpt]×S101 (Ωt
15(t) +5o1(t) ) 10(I02/n)
[1+2 Fi (n/mx) )xsiro (mπ
/n) xcos mp (t-2π/ (np)) ]xs
in (C2t 10s (t) 10S C2(1))+
(IO3/ n> [1+2Σ (n/mπ)) m=
1 xsin (mπ/n) xcos mp (t-4π/ (nD>) Exs
in (Ω3t+5(t) +s.3(t)) ten...
... +(I□o/n) E 1+2Σ(n/rr+yr))
m=1 xsin (mπ/n) xcosmD(t-2(n-1)x/(rl))]xs
in (Ω, t+5(t)+so, (1)) where p
is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are equally spaced.

When the right side of equation (7) is transformed, it becomes the following equation.

1-(I01/n) [sin (Ω1t + U
1 (t) ) + (n/π) sin (π/n>
Ω1+p)t+U1 (t))] 10(n/3yr)si
n (3yr/n>X[C03((C1-3p)t+U
1(t))-cos((Ω1+3p)i+U1(t)
)] ten(n15π) Sin(5π/n) x[cos((C1-5D>t+U1(t))-cos
((Ω1+51)>t+U1(t))]+・・・・・・
F + (102/n) [sin (C2t + U 2
(t) ) ten (n/π) sin (π/')) x[cos ((C2-1)) t+U2(t) )-c
os ((C2+o > t + U2 (t) ) ] ten (n/3π) sin (3π/n > x [cos ((C23D) t+U2 (j)) - cos
((C2+3p)t+U2 is)) ko ten (n15π)si
n(5π/'')) x[cos((C2-5p)↑+U2 (t) )-c
os((Ω2+5p)j+tJ2 (t))]+ −°
°−°] + (I□o/n) [sin (Ω.t+U, (t)
)+(n/π) sin(π/n) x[cos((Ω.-ρ)t+U.(t))-cos(
(Ω.+p)t+U, (t)) ]+ (n/3π)s
in (3π/n)x[cos((Ω,-3p)t+
I.J. (t))-cos((Ω.+3p)t+U.(1
))]+(n15π) sin (57r/n>x[c
os((Ω.-5p) to 10U.([))-cos((
Ω, +5p)↑+Un(t)) ]-t・・・・・・

] However, UH(t) = s(t) +
S. H(t) (i=1.2...,n) Here, looking at equation (8), it is a combination of many carrier waves, so it is amplified by an intermediate frequency amplifier and then demodulated. In general, there is a possibility that distortion noise may be generated due to cross modulation (interference disturbance).

Furthermore, the amplitude I of the input wave is expressed by equation (8). 1゜IO2
, .
n%), the wireless base station 30-2 is higher than the wireless base station 30-1.
Usually, IO2, IO3,"
・,'On is larger. Iol.

If the sizes of the signals, such as 102, are different, cross modulation may occur. There are two types of cross-modulation generation factors: one caused by the combination of many m transmitted waves as shown in equation (8) above, and the other caused by differences in I 2 , I 2 , etc.

Now, regarding cross-modulation caused by combining many carrier waves as shown in equation (8), distortion noise can be removed by the following method.

That is, there is a method of increasing the switching speed (period) of the changeover switch 64-1 and setting it to 0 (in addition to the bandpass characteristics of the intermediate frequency amplifier). However, as already mentioned,
In many cases where the switching frequency is set to 2n times the highest frequency of the signal or more, there is no need to make it any faster. By increasing the speed (7) m = 1 on the second right side
．． As can be seen from equation (8), the term 3゜5... can be ignored in the intermediate frequency amplification stage, and the term (8
) can be expressed as follows.

I= (1/n)XIol 5in(Ω1t + s
(t)+5o1(t) ) -1-(1/n)xl 5in(O2t 10s (t
) 10S. 2(1)) ±(1/n) X I□, 5in(Ωn-1t+5(t
) + s cn(j) ) (9> In equation (9), Ω = Ω =...Ω −Ω −Ω (10
)1 2 n-1n 5o2(t)-...=SCn-1(t) =S
Suppose that it is possible to set o, (t) = 0. actually(
10) Formula is technically possible by the means described below,
As described above, the equation (11) holds true if only the control signal transmitted from the radio base station 30-1 (or only from the radio base station 3C-n in the latter half of the channel switching) is used. Then, equation (9) can be transformed as follows.

I-(1/n)xiolsin(Ωt+5(t)+5o
1(t) ) +(1/n) X (I02+IO3+・”=+
'0n)xsin(Ω+5(t)>
(12>Equation (12) is transformed into the following equation.

xcos s (t) ) 1/2 xsin(Ωt + s (t) + β(t)) (
13>X[(I01/Io)+cosso(t))
]I n = I O2 + I O3”””” l0n(
13″ > (13), (13′) In equations, Iol<kuI, (14) so(t)
Since <<1 (14'), equation (13) becomes approximately as follows.

(=(1/ n > x I n s + mouth (Ωt
+s (t)+5o(t)) Looking at equation (15), this is a switching reception diversity method with n-branch anti-thick inputs, and after the signals are switched and received, so-called linear synthesis is performed, in which they are combined as they are. As a result, the input electric field has a low I. 1 is ignored and synthesis is performed using an input signal with a high input electric field. This effect becomes even greater when the duty of the reception selector switch is made variable and the duty of a channel with a large reception input is increased.

Therefore, it has been revealed that the present invention has a receiving diversity effect.

From equation (14), the output of the frequency discrimination circuit (radio receiving circuit 6
8) is expressed by the following equation.

E=d/dt (s(t)+5o(t))-μ(1) 10μ. (1) where μ(1) and μ. (1) is (3) respectively
and (4).

Note that equation (14) is always satisfied in normal mobile communication systems and is not a particularly limiting condition.

It applies deep modulation to the main audio signal compared to the control signal, and shallow modulation to the control signal.Moreover, the depth of modulation added to the audio has recently increased to an equivalent level of 1Kl-
1z) signal is 3.5 radians (25+-+ZW1 transmission spacing, and the carrier spacing is 12°5K!-(Z
In the case of , it is the same <1.75 radian and roughly shallower)
This is because it is shallower.

From the above, it has been clarified that equations (10) and (14) are sufficient conditions for no distortion in the case of frequency modulation. The technical conditions for establishing equation (10) will be described below.

Technically, to do this, the radio base station 30-1.30
-2. . , 30-n transmitting units 31-1, 31-2.・
..., 31-n is achieved by increasing the frequency stability of the reference crystal oscillator which determines the stability of the carrier frequency. For example, in the example of the car telephone system described later, the stable T mark of the reference crystal oscillator installed in the base station is currently 0.
．． 5~H) pm (0.5~IX 1O-6), so the frequency fluctuation of the carrier wave is lX10'X 900MH
2=900H2.

In this case, noise is just mixed into the audio signal band.

However, if 0.01 ppm is now possible due to technological advances, then 1x 10'x 900MHz =
9112, and even if there is a harmonic of the noise, there is less possibility that its large energy will mix into the signal band. Alternatively, in a wireless system using a carrier wave frequency of 9 MHz, a carrier wave variation of 1 pDm will not introduce noise even with current technology.

The case where the mobile radio device 50 receives is explained above, and the case where the mobile radio device 50 transmits will be explained next.

In FIG. 1B, the wireless signal switched by the changeover switch 64-2 is, for example, a wireless channel C[1,, Ct-
12, -, CHn are sequentially switched, but the receiving side is the radio base station 30-1 (CHl).

30-2 (C1-12>, . . . , or the cross-modulation when received separately at the radio base station 3O-n (Ct-In>) and mixed as in the case of reception at the mobile radio device 50 side. There is no problem at all. However, as is clear from equation 8), there are components of the carrier angular frequency (Ω±np) as sidebands, so these are emitted into space and are , it is necessary to provide a bandpass filter at the transmission output section for filtering so as not to interfere with communications of other systems.

For this purpose, it is necessary to spread the equation (Ω±np) outside the frequency of all channels transmitted by mobile radio as a switching frequency, and the mobile radio shown in Figures 1A and 1B used in the example In the method, p/(2π>>15X nM
It is necessary to set it to +-+z.

This will be explained below using formulas. However, the characters used in the formula are the same as above unless specified in 1). For example, the transmission signal appearing at the output of the transmission mixer 61 in FIG. 11-1 is expressed by the following equation.

I=I□ [1+2i1(n/ml)xsin (
myr/n )cos mp t ]xsin (
Ω1t+5(t) +s. m)-1-■o [1+
2 = 1(n/mn))XSin(m7
r/n) xcos mp (t-2yr/ (np> ) ]x
sin (Ω2t+5(t) 10s.(t))+I
□ [1+2 Fl(n/myr＞ )xsin (
mπ/n) xcos mp (t-47T/ (r+D))]
xsin (Ω3t+5(t)+5C(t))-t-I
□ [1+2, Fl(r1/m"))xsin (
mπ/n) xcos mp (t-2(n-1> IC/ (n
p＞ )xsin (Ω t+5(t)+so (
t) )m=1.2.5. ...... However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

When formula (13) is transformed, the formula has the same form as formula (8).
Ru. Regarding the obtained equation, the following equation can be expressed as an output signal by passing it through a bandpass filter that has the effect as already explained.
qru.

I=I□5in(Ω1 to 15(t) +s.(t))+
l03in(Ω2 t+5(t) +s.(t) ) 1 □ S i n (Q nt+s (t) +s
c (t)) In the above equation, the first term on the right side is for the radio base station 30-1, the second term is for the radio base station 30-2, and the first term is for the radio base station 30-1, and each signal is for the radio base station 30-1. The formula is the same as in the case of frequency modulation transmission.

The uplink signals of channels C1 to C11 are sent to the radio base station 30.
-1. The upstream signal of channel CI-(2 is received at 30-2, and the upstream signal of channel CHn is received at 30-n. These received signals are demodulated and transmitted to necessary devices such as the barrier switch 20. Ru.

Alternatively, the wireless base station 30-1 is
In the case of having the configuration shown in the figure, the uplink signal of channel CH1 is transmitted and received by radio base station 30-1 at 90-1. Channel C
The upstream signal of I2 is transmitted and received by the same 30-1 Bl 90-2
, the upstream signal of channel CH ") is 30-1 in the following order.
After being received and demodulated by the transmitter and receiver 1190-n, the signals may be mixed and transmitted to a necessary device such as the barrier switch 20.

As is clear from the above description, by using the multiplex transmission method and apparatus of the present invention, it becomes possible to reduce the diversity effect of the signal at the receiving section.

In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2.
. . , 30-n, audio signals are transmitted from radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, . ..., 3
Mix signals from 0-n. When mixing, the signals from the radio base stations 30-2, 30-3°..., 30-n have better transmission quality than the signals from 30-1, so they can be mixed as is, or the S/N may be mixed with an output proportional to .

This means that the reception diversity effect has been reduced by 17.

The transmitting/receiving diversity effect of the present invention has been described above, and a method for increasing the effect will be described in detail below.

First, regarding reception diversity, in the sequential switching method described above, each synthesizer 55 of the changeover switch 64-1
-1.55-2. ...+55 n connection duration (
duty time) were assumed to be equal. however,
This is not always necessary; rather, the diversity effect can be increased by connecting for a relatively long time to a radio channel that has a good S/N reception input. For this purpose, a part of the reception section is synchronized with the changeover switch 64-1, detects the signal-to-noise ratio at that time, and transmits this to the control section 58, thereby changing the frequency of the output of the reception switching controller 65C. This makes it possible to achieve the above objectives. Although this is possible with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, in order to make the explanation technically easier, the configuration shown in FIG. 1G will be described below.

The difference in this figure from FIG. 1B is that the radio receiving circuit 6B
Apart from this, a C/N measurement receiving section 52, a receiving mixer 73
, and a changeover switch 64-3 are installed, and the changeover switch 64-3 is controlled by the control unit 58B. The operation shown in FIG. 1G will be explained below.

In the figure, in order to operate the C/N measurement receiving section 52, a reception microphone 3 is installed at the front stage. A part of the reception signal received by mobile radio 50B is added to reception mixer 73. The output from the selector switch 64-3 is added as the local oscillation frequency to the receiving microphone υ73. However, this changeover switch 64-3 does not need to be switched at a high speed like the other changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, and a low speed of about 101-12, for example, is sufficient.

When the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N measurement receiving section 5
The control unit 5 controls the C/N value of channel Cl-11 measured in step 2.
Transmit to 8B. Next, the C/N of the switching channel CI+2 in which the selector switch 64-3 is in a position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-2 is measured. When the output of the four noisers 55-n is turned on in the following order, the C/N of channel C)-1n is measured, and the control unit 58 respectively measures the C/N of channel C)-1n.
Transmission to B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the 1,7J? of the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67C. J frequencies, for example, respectively C
/N is controlled so that the operation is reversed at a speed inversely proportional to N.

In order to enable the above operation, it is necessary to make some changes to the method of transmitting signals from each of the radio base stations 30, which will be explained below.

Now, if we subvert equation (9) from the previous step by 18, we get I=, Σio
, 5in(Ω, 1 1:1 +5(t)+s ・(t)) (9)I (i=1.2...,n) Transmitted from each wireless base station 30 in equation (9) The control signal includes the ID of the wireless base station 30, and this ID is necessary to change the duty of the changeover switch described above. Therefore, as in the above-mentioned equation (11), 5ci=○< r=1.2. ..., n) I can't leave it alone. Therefore, in this case (10
) holds true, but the equation corresponding to equation (12) is as follows.

1=Target IO, 5in(Ωt +s(B+s ・(t)> (17) (17)
Each S in the formula. Since 1 (also) is a sufficient ratio of 1 to 1, the following formula can be approximated as 1 as a formula corresponding to formula (15).
qru.

I= l5in (Ωt+5(t)+, Σ5oi(1)
〉01=1 The signal expressed by equation (18) is demodulated, and each wireless base station 3
In order to extract the control signal transmitted from 0, 5oi
By making the frequency components of the signals included in (t) different, it is possible to filter them using a filter.

Therefore, by measuring the C/N of each radio channel, adding the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent the signal, and sending it to the control unit 58B, the control unit 58B measures the C/N for each radio channel, that is, for each radio. It becomes possible to determine the reception (or transmission) duty time for each base station 30 in relation to the C/N value.

In order to achieve the above effects with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. ...
, 30-n, the control signal s (t)
, 5o2(t)..., 5oo(t), each of which is equipped with means for monitoring communication quality such as measuring the signal-to-noise ratio Bye. Then, this measurement value is reported to the control section 58, and the changeover switch 64-1 is operated with a switching duty according to the signal-to-noise ratio.

By operating the receiving section 53 of the mobile radio device 50 as detailed above, it is possible to increase the transmitting and receiving diversity effect.

Next, a method for increasing the reception diversity effect will be briefly described. FIG. 11-1 shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50G in this case.

In Figure 11-1, input radio waves to the mobile radio device 50C (
The input signal) is divided into three parts rl + 1' at the antenna input section, and each is sent to a radio receiving circuit 68-1.68-2°...
, 68-n and the interference detector 62. In each of the radio receiving circuits 68-1 to 68-n, the receiving mirror 1, 3-1, 63-2, . ..., 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-2. . . , 53-n are provided, and the receiving Miku → J53-1 to 53-n are each equipped with a sincerei tatami area 55-1.55-2. ...+55-
The local oscillation frequency from n is input. Therefore, the first
In the configuration shown in FIG. 1-1, there is no reception changeover switch 64-1, and each wireless channel C1-11. Cl-12,・,Cl
-In signals can be received and demodulated.

Moreover, the output signals of these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-day are as follows:
A part is sent to the control unit 58C, and a part is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 58C.
7-1.57-2. ...157-n, monitors the communication quality of each wireless channel, and sends the results to the control unit 5.
The outputs of the U sections 53-1 to 53-n are added to the signal mixing circuit 62 and processed similarly to a normal diversity receiver (in this case, synthesis after detection). It is processed and sent to the telephone intercom section 59.

By adopting the circuit configuration as shown in FIGS. 11-1, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect.

As is clear from the above description, the operation of the present invention is to predict the frequency deviation after switching to a new communication channel by measuring the transmission frequency of the mobile radio 50 at the radio base station 30, and to predict the frequency deviation after switching to a new communication channel. The feature is that noise caused by cross-modulation after channel switching is removed by setting and using the transmission channel of the radio base station with which communication will be performed after channel switching at an appropriate frequency.

Next, we will explain how to use the control signal, which performs 190% of the time in channel switching during a call according to the present invention.

In the following description, it is assumed that the configuration shown in FIG. 1B is used.

Wireless base station 30-1.30-2. . . , 30-n to the mobile radio IX 150 using channels CH1, Cl-12, -, CHn will be described.

When the channel switching preparation operation of (previous) E is completed, the radio reception circuit 68 of the mobile radio FM 50 receives the radio base)=330.
-1.30-2. −． Channel CH1 from 30-n,
It is transmitted as a communication signal on CH2,..., Cl-In, and this is a mobile radio! The signals are sequentially switched by the glue switch 64-1 in the FI 50, and the signals are switched and received.

Furthermore, since the changeover switch 64-2 also starts operating, the transmission wave from the mobile radio device 50 also starts to be switched and transmitted.

Here, from the barrier switch 20 to each wireless base station 30-1 to 30-3,
The difference (1
(within 0KIn), the delay time difference is approximately 0.03
Since it is less than milliseconds, there is no problem with the operation and it can be ignored. Also, wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.
...-, 30-(n-1>) includes only audio signals, but wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-n
In addition to voice signals, the downlink signals from The mobile radio 50 is inserted in the form of an out-of-band signal such as
The wireless reception circuit 68 receives this and transfers it to the control section 58.

The control unit 58 identifies this signal, and under the control of the control unit 58 initially uses the channel switching response signal from the wireless base station 30-1 and the subsequent call using the channel CI-1n from the wireless base station 3Q-n. The wireless transmission circuit 6 confirms that the signal and ID signal are sent and that the signal quality is good.
8 and outside the band of the uplink communication signal, the barrier exchange communicates this confirmation item to the radio base station 30-n via the communication channel CHn via the radio base station 30-n.

In the barrier switch 20, the communication path control unit 21 sends a message via the switch 19 indicating that the downlink communication between the wireless base station 3 Q-n and the mobile wireless device 50 is working properly, so the communication path control unit 21 switches the switch 5WI of the switch group 23. -1, 1-2,...

Turn off only 5W1-1 behind 1-n. - On the other hand, the mobile radio device 50 instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop transmitting to the synthesizer 1 noiser 55-1 of the mobile radio device 50.
The operation of the synthesizer flea 55-2155-31..., 55 is stopped and the selector switch 64-1 (Fig. 1B) is
-n is caused to perform a circular switching operation.

These conditions are illustrated in FIG.

Next, from the mobile radio R50, channels CH1, C1-12
,...C) -1n is used to connect the wireless base station 30-1゜30
-2. . . , 30-n will be explained.

Mobile radio Fj! In A50, the control unit 58 in the own device
According to the instruction, the reception switching controller 65G and the transmission switching controller 67G are activated, and the changeover switch 64 is activated.
-1i and 64-2 are operating synth 4 noise cores 55-L55-2+, respectively.

The output of 55-n and 56-1.56-2. ....

56-n output to channel CH1, C1-1.
2,..., Cl-1n are being sequentially switched and received (
Figure 1B). During this operation, the signals sent to the communication channel include, in addition to the communication signal, an out-of-band control signal (see Figure 2).
As a)), the state of the channel used by the mobile radio 50 (
Channel C111, CH2°・, CI-1n to channel C)+2. CH3,-, C1-1n), mobile radio 150 identification ID list (for example, the second
``fDl, fD3, etc. may be combined with a tone signal such as , 1'' in FIG. 3(a) is added.

Wireless base station 30-i (i = 1, 2.-, n
) is demodulated by the receiving unit 53 of the wireless base station 3O=, and after it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the demodulated audio signal or out-of-area signal, it is transferred to the barrier exchange 120. be done. In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2. ....

Among the ")" signals from 30-n, for voice signals, the signals from radio base stations 30-1, 30-2..., 30-n are mixed. Of the ng signals from stations 30-1, 30-2..., 30-n, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2..., 3
30-1 and 30-, respectively, by identification signals sent outside the audio band added by 0-n.
2. ..., channel Ct-11, C1 from 3Q-n
-12,-, confirm that the signal is from CHn.

At step 20, the barrier exchange confirms that the channel switching operation is proceeding smoothly during a call, and the mobile radio is transferred to the controller 38 at 50.
channel C)- via the wireless base station 30-n.
1n, communication with the wireless base station 30-1 via channel CH1 is stopped, and the wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.
−． It is reported that it is possible to concentrate on communication with 30-n.

In the mobile radio device 50 that has received this control signal, the control unit 5
By the operation of 8, the synth
6-1 is stopped, and the position of the receive channel selection selector switch 64-1 is changed to the position of the synthesizer 55-2.
-3. ... 15J-n is made to perform a circular switching operation,
The changeover switch 64-2 for selecting a transmission channel includes four synthesizer noisers 56-2, 56-3. ...156 n to continue the cyclic switching operation.

As a result, the mobile radio 50 changes the previous channel Cl
-11 to end the communication with the wireless base station 30-1,
Wireless base station 30-2.30-3. ....

30-n and channels C)-12 and C1-13, respectively.
゜..., it enters into a state of communicating using ct-+n.

With this, channel switching is completed, and a state in which communication is being performed using the new frontline channel group is realized. The uplink channel and downlink channel switching operations described above are performed in parallel and end at approximately the same time.

As is clear from the above description, there is no momentary interruption during channel switching, and noise can be kept to a low level that poses no problem in practical use.

If a malfunction or non-operation occurs during any of the above operations, the operation must be restarted from the previous operation. In addition, when the operational failure is large, the control unit 58
There is also an operation for returning to the communication channel before the switching operation, which is stored in the memory section built into the device.

78 through 7E are flow charts showing the flow of operation of the system shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C.

Gateway exchange 20. Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2,...
, 30-n and the mobile radio 50 start operating, and the switch 5W of the switch group 23 included in the barrier exchange 20
1-1.1-2. , 1-(n-1) is on, and the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3O-(
n-1> and the mobile radio device 50 are communicating. This communication includes channels Cl-11, Cl-12, .
..., C) -1-(n -1> downlink frequency F1.[
:2. ..., Fn-1 and upstream frequencies fl, f2.・・・
, fn-1 is used (S101, Fig. 7Δ).

Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. ....

30-(n-1> constantly issues a reception status report from the mobile radio device 50, and if deterioration in communication quality is discovered, it is lazily reported to the mobile radio device 50 (S102>
. Communication quality monitoring unit 57 of mobile radio FA 50 receives this
Then (S103), it is monitored whether the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S104). If the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S104YE
S), from the control unit 58, the wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3, . , 30-n, etc., whereas the wireless base stations 30-1.30-2.30-3. −
．． 30- (n-1> and the mobile radio uses the uplink frequency f1.f2,..., fn-1 for communication between 50
(3105, FIG. 7B).

Each wireless base station 30 (in the vicinity of the
For example, in 30-n>, the signal of frequency f1 is monitored and received (8106), and the result is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio device 50 (3107, 3108), and the monitor reception quality from each radio base station 30 is For example, it is detected that the call quality of the wireless base station 30-n is better than a certain standard level L2 (S109YES).

If the communication quality is not good (NO in 3109), the process returns to step 5105 and other wireless base stations 30 are made to perform monitor reception.

Therefore, the control unit 58 controls whether the mobile radio device 50 is connected to the radio base station 30 or
3110.-1 has moved from the zone covered by radio base station 30-n to the zone covered by radio base station 30-n. 7th
In order to switch to communication with the wireless base station 30-n, the wireless base station 30-n searches for an empty channel that can be used (5111), and as a result, the channel CHn
(S112>. The control unit 58 determines the mobile radio device 5
The base station 30-n instructs the radio base station 30-n to prepare for communication on channel C-th n through the transmitting unit 51-n and receiving unit 53-n of No. 0 (S113).

A communication preparation command for using channel CI-1n is sent to radio base station 30-n, and preparations for communication using channel C1-1n are made (S114). Mobile radio FM50
is the preparation to enable communication by channel CHn, that is, the preparation from the control unit 58 to the synthesis input 55-n.
and 56-n to receive the frequency F, and to transmit at the frequency f, and also to the switching controller 6-n.
5 enters the switching operation (3115, FIG. 7D).

When the wireless base station 30-n is ready to communicate using the network channel CHn, the radio base station 30-n sends a report of completion of preparation to the network channel CHn.
5116) to contact the mobile radio device 50 using
At the same time, the radio base station 30-n reports to the gateway exchange 20 that preparations for communication between the radio base station 30-n and the mobile radio 50 via channel CHn have been completed (8116).

A barrier exchange F
When M20 confirms (8117), the switches 5W1-1.1-2. ..., leave 1-(n-1) on and turn on switch 5W1-n (
3118). Therefore, the communication path control unit 21 included in the barrier switch 20 controls the mobile radio FM 5 for the mobile radio 50.
0 (3119).

Upon receiving the communication start possibility report, the radio base station 30-n sends a communication start signal to the mobile radio device 50 using channel CHn.
Send to (3123). The mobile radio device 50 identifies the radio base station 30-n and confirms the start of communication by the channel C1-In using the ID signal, which is a false identification signal. The communication quality monitoring unit 57 measures the quality level of communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-n, and when it detects that the quality level is 2 or higher on a certain quality level (S125YES, FIG. 7E). , instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop the communication between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio device 50 using channel CI-11 (3126). As a result, the radio base station 30-1 turns off communication using channel CH1 (S127>).

The mobile radio 5 stops communication using this channel C1-11.
If you check if it is 0 (S129>, Synth 4 noiser 55-1
and 56-1, and the selector switch 64-1 is stopped.
stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 55-1, and the selector switch 64-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 1 noiser 56-1 (although this operation is not necessarily required), and Cl-12, Cl-13,・
, C)-In.

Jima Neru CI-11 communication stoppage confirmed at Kanmon switchboard 2
The communication path control unit 21 of No. 0 is connected to the switch 5 of the switch group 23.
W1-2.1-3. ..., leave 1-n on,
Switch 5W1-1 is turned off (8128).

This ends the period of channel switching operation and switches 5W1-2.1-3. −． 1-n is in the ON state, the channels Cl-12, CH3, . . . , CHn downlink frequency F2. F3. ..., ".Upstream frequency f2, f3...
・Using fo, the mobile radio ti50 connects to the radio base station 30
-2.30-3.・It is possible to continue high-quality communication with 30-n without disconnecting -1 or introducing noise, and by obtaining a transmitting and receiving diversity effect (S13
0).

(6> Estimation of moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and change in communication channel allocation method for traffic congestion measures) Changes in received electric field or communication quality received by multiple radio base stations 30 communicating with VJ Radio 50 By measuring and comparing the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50, it is possible to detect the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50.

These will be explained below using FIG.

In FIG. 8, 16 circles each indicate small zones 71 to 216 within the service area, and radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, 30-1, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, 30-1, 30-2, 30-2, 30-2, . ..., 3
0-16 etc. indicate areas where communication is possible. The mobile radio device 50 currently communicating is within zone Z6 and is connected to the radio base station 30-2.30-3.30-5.30.
Assume that communication is being performed with seven stations: −6.30, 7.30, 10.30, and 11 using diversity. Assuming that the mobile radio 150 is moving in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8, each of the seven radio base stations currently receiving the transmission signal from the mobile radio 50 is measuring the received electric field or reception quality. , these values are collected into the mobile radio 50. By comparing these measurement results, the mobile radio device 50 determines the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 using the following method.

First, it can be estimated that the direction of movement is toward the wireless base station (30-7 in Figure 8) where the observed input received electric field level changes most rapidly.This is a highly reliable result. In order to obtain accurate results, it is important to set the measurement duration appropriately. However, this is largely related to the speed of the wireless device 50. That is, since the radio wave propagation characteristics change from moment to moment, it is possible to eliminate variations in the measured values by measuring at intervals of a certain length of time (3 to 10 seconds in the case of a car). In FIG. 8, when the measurement results obtained in this way are expressed in order from the radio base station 30 with the largest increase in the input electric field, for example, 30-7>30-11>30-3, and the input electric field decreases. If expressed in order from the radio base station 30 with the largest number, it would be as follows: 30-6>30-10>30-2>36-5.

Furthermore, the moving speed can be estimated by comparing it with the radio wave propagation curve obtained from the radio wave propagation characteristics.

By using the above measurement results, the destination of the mobile radio device 50 is estimated, and the communication traffic situation of the wireless base station 30 at the destination is investigated. The number of radio base stations 30 with which the mobile radio IM 50 communicates can be reduced depending on the type of communication of the mobile radio IM 50. Next, if the traffic congestion situation does not extend over one zone but over multiple zones, a wide-area medium-range countermeasure is required. This is a phenomenon that occurs in car phone systems, etc. in the city center of major cities, and is shown in Figure 8.
0-6.30-7. Assume that I3 and 30-11 are in a traffic congestion state. Application of the present invention in this regard will be explained in detail.

A mobile radio 50a is present in zone Z11 and is moving in the direction of the arrow, but it says that it has sent out a calling signal. This call signal is collected by the mobile radio 50a, and the communication channel to be assigned is determined. However, when the traffic is not busy, the radio base station 30-6.
0.30-11゜30-12.30-14.30-15
etc. (diaperity transmission and reception is performed). However, in the above three zones (Z6, 7.11>, if 1 to Rahitsuk is congested, channels 30-6, 30-7 and 30-11 will not be assigned. In this case, as a communication partner , the wireless base station 30 with the best call quality is naturally 30-11, but
Not assigned due to the above reasons. If the multiplicity of diversity is the above fourfold (30-10, 30-12, 30
-14°30-15> is insufficient, the mobile radio 50a can estimate the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio 50a.
Apply channel 8υ1 used in -8 and 30-16. Therefore, although the mobile radio device 50a is located in the zone 211, it is located at the radio base stations 30-8 and 30-1, which are slightly far away.
Communication will begin with 6.

By applying the above-described channel allocation, it becomes possible to take measures against width comparison in high-traffic-density areas, which have not been solved using conventional system technology.

[Effect of the invention] As is clear from the above explanation, by applying the present invention to a mobile communication system using a small zone configuration, the size of the zone becomes an extremely small zone (micro cell), and the movement of mobile radio equipment becomes Even if the speed is relatively high, calls can be made and received smoothly. In addition, when changing zones during a call (as in conventional systems), there will be a temporary interruption, and facsimile and data signals will be interrupted. , problems caused by image quality deterioration and burst-like signal errors occur, but even if the frequency of channel switching during communication increases,
This worry has been completely eliminated.

In general, communication quality has been improved by adopting economical transmitting and receiving diapersity, and effective frequency utilization has been improved by reducing interference, and new services using wideband signals have become technically possible. In addition, it is possible to improve communication quality by effectively using wireless equipment during times of low traffic, to substantially increase the number of usable channels when traffic suddenly increases in a small zone, and to improve communication quality during times of peak traffic. In addition to making it possible to process 98-bit location registration signals from mobile radios, it also makes it possible to effectively specify communication channels by detecting the moving direction and speed of a moving object, which is economical and allows for the use of frequencies. It has become possible to construct highly efficient mobile communication systems,
The effects of the present invention are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A, 1B and 1C are system configuration diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 1D and 1E are circuit configuration diagrams showing an embodiment of the wireless base station of the present invention; Figures 1 and 11 are circuit configuration diagrams showing one embodiment of a transmitter/receiver; a) and (b) are a spectrum diagram d3 and a circuit configuration diagram for explaining an example of the configuration of a control signal used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 explains the operation of the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C. FIGS. 4A and 4B are flowcharts showing the flow of the position σ recording operation of the present invention, FIGS. 4C and 4D, respectively.
4E and 4F are flowcharts when the gateway exchange requests location registration from a wireless base station; FIGS. 5A and 5B are flowcharts showing the flow of a call origination operation from a mobile wireless device; 6A Figures 6B and 6C are flowcharts showing the flow of the incoming call operation to the mobile radio, Figures 7A and 7B.
7C, 7D, and 7E are flow charts showing the flow of channel switching operations in the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C, and FIG. 8 is a moving direction of the mobile radio. FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of a system configuration to explain a conventional system example; FIGS. 10A, 108, 10C, and 10D are radio signals related to location registration. FIG. 11 is a layout diagram showing the relationship between the layout of wireless base stations and the service area to explain the problems of the prior art. 10...Telephone network 11...Switchboard 12...
・Radio line control station 13Δ~D...Radio base station 14A
~D...Zone 15...Mobile radio equipment 16A~D
...Transmission line 19.20...Gateway switch 21...
・Call path control unit 23...Switch group 24...I
D identification storage unit 30.30B, 30C. 30-1. ~30-n...Radio base station 31.31-1
~31-n...Transmitter 32...Radio base station control device 33.33-1~33-n...Receiver 34.34C,
34-1 to 34-n...ID identification storage units 35-1 to 35-n, 36-1 to 36-n...Synthesizer 37...Communication quality monitoring units 38, 38B, 38C... Control unit 39...Interface 40.40C...Reference crystal oscillator 41...Transmission mixer 42...Interference detector 43...Reception mixer 45...Reception switching controller 46...Wireless Transmission circuit 47...Transmission switching controller 48...Radio reception circuit 50.50B, 50C, 50D...Mobile radio device 51.
...Transmitting section 53.53-1 to 53-n...Receiving section 54...ID
-Roam area information verification storage unit 55-1 to 55-n, 5
6-1 to 56-n...Synthesizer 57...Communication quality monitoring unit 58.58B, 58G, 58D...Control unit 59...
Telephone unit 61.61-1 to 61-n... Transmission mixer 62...
Interference detectors 63.63-1 to 63-n...reception mixer 64-1.
64-2.64-3...Selector switch 65C...Reception switching controller 66.66-1 to 66-n...Radio transmitter circuit 67C.
...Transmission switching controller 68.68-1 to 68-n...Radio receiving circuit 69...
-Mixing circuit 71...Reference crystal oscillator 91...Digital encoding circuit 92...Multi-purpose conversion circuits 93-1 to 93-m...Communication quality monitoring receiver 94-
...Control transceiver 96...Antenna sharing device 71-Z16...Zone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Each wireless base station covers a plurality of zones and constitutes a service area, and a mobile wireless device exists within the service area, and the mobile wireless device receives its own identification information for registering its location. When transmitting a location registration signal containing a location registration signal, at least two communicable radio base stations that have received this location registration signal in good condition among the radio base stations register the location of the mobile radio, The location registration signal is transferred to a barrier switch connected to each of the radio base stations via a transmission path, and the barrier switch to which this location registration signal is transferred transmits the mobile radio device included in the location registration signal. and the identification information of the wireless base station that can communicate with the mobile wireless device, and the registered information is returned to the mobile wireless device via the wireless base station related to the registered identification information. In a mobile communication communication method in which the returned registered information is stored in a mobile wireless device that receives the reply, the service areas of at least two wireless base stations for which the location registration has been completed are adjacent to each other. If the service area of another wireless base station is passed through the service area of another wireless base station, the barrier is transmitted to all other wireless base stations located between the at least two wireless base stations according to a predetermined algorithm. The switching equipment considers that the location has been registered, and the gateway switching equipment performs the location registration, and transmits the identification information of the mobile radio to the other radio base station,
A communication method for mobile communication that performs location registration.