JPH01305733A - Communication method for moving body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure a communication quality even if a moving speed is large by measuring the moving direction and the moving speed of a moving body and permitting a radio base station which is positioned in a travelling direction to prepare for transmission and reception with a moving radio equipment. CONSTITUTION:When deterioration is detected in communication quality of channels with plural radio base stations which the moving radio equipment 50 uses for communication, a control part 48 in the radio equipment 50 instructs the base stations to monitor signals. When the communication quality is not satisfactory, monitor is repeated. When it reaches a specified number of times, the radio base stations are caused to monitor the signals in a control mode adaquate for a high speed moving mode by using a control channel for high speed moving mode, whose radio wave propagation characteristic is satisfactory. The channel which is adaquate for the high speed moving mode is decided with respect to the base station which has been satisfactorily received, and communication with the base station is prepared. Next, the radio equipment 50 switches to the base station so as to start communication. Thus, the communication quality is secured even if the moving speed is enlarged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a communication method for mobile communication. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a communication method for improving the communication quality when the communication quality deteriorates due to the movement of a mobile terminal during communication in mobile communication using a small zone configuration.

More specifically, even if the moving speed of the moving body becomes relatively large compared to the size of each zone of a system with a small zone configuration, no inconvenience will occur,
Provide a communication method that ensures good communication and has excellent frequency efficiency, communication quality, and wireless line control ability.
V.

[Prior art] Generally, when performing mobile communication within a wide service area, one wireless base station covers the entire area and provides services.
The method for communicating with mobile objects within an area is called the large zone method. In contrast, the small zone method
An area is divided into multiple small areas, one wireless base station is installed in each divided area, and mobile wireless devices within each area communicate with these wireless base stations. It is.

The conventional small zone system is employed, for example, in the car telephone system of NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone ■), which is currently in commercial service. In this case, the mobile radio installed in the car moves away from the wireless base station of the other party as the car moves, for example, 5 to 7 KII away from the wireless base station!
If the value exceeds this value, the reception input electric field value of the radio wave decreases, resulting in deterioration of call quality. Therefore, in a small zone configuration,
Wireless base stations within the service area are 10-12K each other
Therefore, in the above case, there is always another wireless base station near the current location of the car (within 5 to 6 KIn), and another wireless base station is installed between this new wireless base station and the mobile radio. A wireless channel is used to continue the call. In the NTT system, a radio line control station is installed to control a large number of radio base stations and mobile radios, and the radio line control station controls the setting and cancellation of calls on radio lines. It is connected to the general telephone network via a barrier switch. At the radio network control station,
When call quality deteriorates, multiple radio base stations around the mobile radio receive the radio waves transmitted by the mobile radio, and a specific radio base station establishes a new radio channel between the mobile radio and the mobile radio. By setting 1, the desired call quality can be maintained.
If it is determined that the new channel is
1j and the wireless base station.

FIG. 9 shows a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a conventional system that operates as described above, and will be described using this diagram.

In FIG. 9, each zone 14A, 14B, 14C, and 14D surrounded by four circles with a radius of about 5 to 7 touch points is the service area of the car telephone, and the mobile radio device 15 installed in the car is the zone. It is assumed that communication is in progress with the wireless base station 13A within 14A.

Since the automobile is traveling from zone 14A to zone 14C, the relative distance between radio base station 13A and mobile radio 15 is increasing.

Assuming that the communication is continuing and the car moves from zone 14A to zone 14C, the distance between the wireless base station 13A and the mobile wireless device 15 will be 5 to 7KIn or more, and the input electric field value of mutually received radio waves will be The transmission quality decreases, leading to a drop below a certain level of transmission quality. This state of quality deterioration is always
It is monitored by the radio network control station 12, and when the quality drops below a certain standard, the radio base stations 13B, 13c, and 13D in the vicinity of the radio base station 13A are A request is made to measure the quality of the wireless channel (assumed to be channel CH1) in use between the two parties.

Radio base stations 13B, 13C and 13 that received this request
At D, each receiver tunes its own radio channel search receiver (not shown) to channels C1 and 11 to receive signals, and reports the status to the radio network control station 12.

Upon receiving this report, the radio network control station 12 determines the received input electric fields E8. of the radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D. E
Compare the values of C and E, EC>EB, EC>E□
And if EC confirms that a certain level of quality is ensured from the point of view of transmission quality, wireless line charges? :a
Station 12 assumes that it has moved from zone 14A to zone 14C, disconnects the wireless channel CH1 used in zone 14A, and instead uses one of the wireless channels available at wireless base station 13C in zone 14G. A procedure for using an unused channel (assuming channel CH10), ie, channel switching during a call, is started.

The following is a reference document: Old and other "Car telephone radio line control" Nippon Telegraph Telephone Telecommunications Research Institute Research and Practical Application Report Vo 1.26
．． No. 7 See page 1885 L/stfi La explanation.

(1) Channel switching signals are transmitted between the radio network control station 12 and each radio base station 13 using control lines included in each transmission path 16, and between each radio base station 13 and mobile radio device 15. teeth,
This is a wireless communication channel.

(2) A channel switching signal is sent to the mobile radio 15 from the radio base station 13A with which communication was previously performed, and a radio continuity test tone is sent from the radio base station 13C, which is currently communicating with the mobile radio. It is sent to the mobile radio device 15.

(3) When the mobile radio 15 cannot receive the radio continuity test tone, it returns to the old communication channel set with the radio base station 13A and continues the communication.

The above (1) to (3) are the channel switching methods currently used by NTT during a call, but as is clear from these explanations, the caller, i.e., the car phone user, is affected by the noise that is mixed into the call. I will do it. In other words, (a) A control signal for switching according to (1) above (in this case, a 300 bits/second digital signal) is inserted into the channel in progress after the other party's signal is disconnected. Since it appears in the output of the receiver, it is mixed into the call as an audible sound of about 3001-(z, and the call is interrupted during this time.

(b) During the call test described in (2) above, there is no noise, but there is no sound, and during this period, the other party's voice is not transmitted to you, and your own voice is not transmitted to the other party (call disconnection).

The duration of call interruption due to (a) and (b) above is 0.7
It is said to be ~0.8 seconds. On the other hand, the radio network control station 12
Then, the radio base station 13C is connected to the mobile radio 15 via the transmission path 16C between the two, for example, channel C)-11.
0 to start a call. Since this instruction is also carried out at the same time as the continuity test described above, from this moment on, the radio base station 813A ends communication with the mobile radio device 15, and the radio base station 13C instead communicates with the mobile radio device 15. Start communication.

The radio network control station 12 also provides a communication path switch SW in the gateway exchange 19 for connecting each radio base station 13 to the telephone network 10 for the gateway exchange 19 that forms an interface with the telephone network 10. A request is made to switch from wireless base station 13A to 13C. That is, turn off the A-4 switch using the communication path switch SW in FIG.
) and turn on the C-4 switch (indicated by a black triangle). By the above operations, you can use the mobile radio 15 in the car to connect any telephone in the telephone network 10 to the car. The call will continue no matter where the user moves to zones 14A, 14B, or 140.14D.

In this way, the user (caller) is given a technical guarantee that he or she can make calls anytime and anywhere within the service area while the car is in motion. Services are being provided to the fullest.

Mobile communications that employ such a small zone configuration have become able to exhibit the following features that are not found in large zone systems.

(a) Effective use of frequencies through a so-called small zone configuration, in which the radio waves from one wireless base station are used only in a narrow area, and many wireless base stations are placed in the service area and the same frequency is used repeatedly. became possible.

(b) With the advent of digital synthesizers, it has become possible to switch between hundreds of radio channels on mobile radios, and the radio Since the technology for setting and controlling lines has been established, it has become possible to contribute to the effective use of frequencies in item (a).

(C) The radio channel control technology necessary to efficiently control the settings of radio channels for making and receiving calls for a large number of mobile radio devices has been established. It is now possible to switch wireless channels during communication when changing zones during wireless communication.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the conventional method as illustrated in FIG.
The problem is that technical measures are insufficient or no measures have been taken, causing inconvenience to users and not being able to provide satisfactory services. It was necessary to promote effective use and improve 4 no-hisis characteristics.

These problems to be solved will be explained below.

i) In order to make effective use of frequencies, it is necessary to reduce the zone radius of one zone in a small zone configuration, but if this becomes too small, mobile radio equipment may pass through one zone during communication. , the probability of moving to another zone increases. Then, when migrating between zones, it is frequently necessary to change the wireless channel assigned to each zone, and at this time, it is necessary to change the old wireless channel to the new wireless channel for both the wireless base station and mobile wireless device. . Conventionally, this change was made by the radio network control station 12 (FIG. 9), but this change of channel caused a temporary interruption of communication, resulting in deterioration of communication quality.

ii) There was an example in which mobile radio devices with different transmission powers were introduced into the same system and operated as devices within one system. This is, for example, a mobile radio installed in a car (in the case of an NTT car phone, the transmission output is 5
W> and a mobile phone that accesses a wireless base station for a car phone that the user can carry outdoors (in the case of NTT, the transmission output is 1 W>) are housed in the same system, but this is a wireless base station. It is possible to share the wireless equipment housed in the system, making it possible to construct an economical system.

However, from the point of view of effective frequency use, it complicates the creation of rules for reusing the same frequency, which reduces the effectiveness of effective use, and the difference in transmission power levels The possibility of interference caused by other mobile radios increases. In order to prevent this, costs have increased and the effective use of frequencies has been compromised.

Reusing the same frequency can be dealt with by increasing the control capabilities, but there are limitations to this as well.
If small zoning reaches a certain level, it may become uncontrollable,
This results in a system that is not cost-effective at all.

Interference has not been solved by conventional methods and has been a major problem in conventional systems.

Therefore, from the standpoint of effective use of frequencies, there is a limit to the effective use of frequencies, and it has not been possible to meet the requirements in terms of utilization of limited radio wave resources.

iii) As the number of small zones progresses, there are many situations in which within a small zone served by one wireless base station, small zones served by an adjacent or the next adjacent wireless base station overlap, and conventional technology as a wireless line control technology There was a possibility of loss of control when using

This is because - within one small zone, the radio wave propagation characteristics are greatly affected (propagation loss) by the influence of topography and structures. This influence becomes relatively large as the number of zones becomes smaller in order to effectively utilize frequencies, and the range of one small zone becomes smaller (radius of one floor or less). In addition, relatively high-level transmitters are used in the radio base stations and mobile radios used to ensure good communication even in areas affected by terrain or structures. This means that in areas where there is no influence from terrain or structures, it becomes possible for a radio base station located far away to communicate with a mobile radio device located in another zone.

Therefore, the original concept that one small zone is managed by one wireless base station and that a wide plane of four novice areas is covered by many small zones disappears, and many small zones are superimposed and one The decision was made to form two service areas.

As a result, in order to smoothly operate a small zone system in such a state, with the conventional technology, it is necessary to frequently set up, change, and cancel the wireless communication path, which reduces the capability of the wireless line control device. The result will be significantly higher. Therefore, it is practically impossible to secure a smooth communication path, and consideration has been given to the system configuration in order to avoid such a situation.

iv) In mobile communications, the communication quality changes significantly due to the influence of radio wave propagation characteristics as the mobile body moves, and in places where radio waves propagate poorly, communication quality is required for the system. There were problems such as the value being below the value. Various measures have been taken to solve this problem, such as the diversity technology, but all of them have problems such as not only increasing the cost of the equipment but also impairing the effective use of frequencies.

Furthermore, call interruptions due to transition between zones during a call are considered to be a type of communication quality problem, and a solution was needed to ensure quality.

V) No measures were taken against 1-RAHic fluctuations in communication within the system.

Communication traffic fluctuations within the system, for example, are usually extremely low in public communications late at night or early in the morning, during the day around 10 a.m. and between 2 to 3 p.m., and in car telephones.
A large pile of traffic can be seen between 5 and 6 o'clock, but if the system is designed to function satisfactorily even during the peak traffic hours, the system components will be idle during off-peak hours, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, if a system was constructed that was suitable for off-peak hours, the cost would be extremely low, but it would become unusable during peak hours, which would inevitably lead to a decline in serviceability.

In addition, when communication traffic is slow, idle equipment within the system is effectively utilized to provide high-quality service, and as traffic increases, the system transitions to normal service. The concept of effectively utilizing FI facilities was lacking. One reason for this is considered to be that the system cost would rise sharply if attempts were made to solve this problem using conventional techniques.

Furthermore, when all the transmitters and receivers of a wireless base station are in use, the processing capacity of conventional systems is limited even for very short and regular signals such as device registration signals from mobile radios. This was a technical constraint on the progress of smaller zones.

vi) Conventionally, the location registration of mobile units communicating was done by registering and processing only the data received at one wireless base station at the same time. In systems that are subject to frequent changes, or in systems where there are restrictions on the location registration method due to the effective use of frequencies, it may be impossible to receive a call to a mobile unit due to a defect in location registration.

This means that if the wireless transceiver installed at the wireless base station has only one channel, it must be used for control and communication in a time-sharing manner, and when communicating with mobile wireless devices, it must be used in the same zone. There was a significant negative impact in cases such as when a location registration request was made from a mobile radio in Brazil.

vii) The technology for providing mobile communication services using broadband signals was insufficiently mature and incomplete, causing inconvenience to users.

Conventionally, the mobile communication services that have been widely used have mainly been telephone, and those that use wide frequency bands, such as high-speed data signals, have rarely been used. This is because in mobile communication, the radio wave propagation characteristics change significantly as the mobile body moves, so there has been a lack of technology to properly receive wideband signals.

vii) Wireless line control ability and reliability were insufficient. Conventionally, wireless line settings, cancellations, and channel switching during a call were performed by a wireless line control station or wireless system control device that was installed to centralize control in one area within a certain area. Ta.

Although this is effective in terms of unified management of line control through centralization, if a failure occurs in this system, it will cause a fatal accident in which the entire system will go down. Therefore, countermeasures such as duplication of hardware have been taken, but these have led to increased costs and have not produced satisfactory results.

Lx) In conventional land-based mobile communications, except in special cases, estimating the moving direction of a mobile object during communication has not been carried out due to technical difficulties.

Therefore, it was not possible to obtain effective information such as the wireless line traffic situation in the area in the direction of movement, and problems remained in terms of effective frequency use and traffic management.

X〉 Momentary interruptions occurred when switching channels during calls between zones or within zones, and this was also a major hindrance to creating smaller zones.

In the call channel switching method implemented by NTT, which was explained using FIG. It has the disadvantage that part of the signal (300 bits/second) is mixed in and is audible. If there is a temporary interruption in the call line or noise, it is not a major problem because it can be compensated for by relistening when the content of the call is voice, but it is not a major problem. If a facsimile terminal is installed in the machine and used for sending and receiving,
If there is a channel change during operation, for example, in a 1-minute facsimile, a black line (or white line) appears on the 0.8/60 part of the page, which significantly deteriorates the received image quality. In the case of data communication, for example, 12
In the case of a 00 baud data signal, approximately 1000 bits of the signal are lost, so procedures such as retransmission are required.

In order to remove the annoying noise, there are methods such as silencing the channel while switching or using out-of-band signals, but although the purpose of removing the annoying noise can be achieved, it may cause line disconnection. Since time still exists, the problem remained that it was completely ineffective in eliminating the negative effects on facsimile and data signals.

xi) When the moving speed of a mobile object becomes relatively large compared to the size of each zone in a system with a small zone configuration, for example, in a mobile phone with a small power output (>10 mW), one zone The size of the device is approximately 200 meters in radius at most, and if you try to take it into a moving car and make a call, the conventional method would cause problems with the reliability of the control signal transmission quality. There were cases where communication became impossible.

[Means for Solving the Problems] A plurality of radio base stations including a radio transceiver and an ID identification storage unit, a group of switches connecting the plurality of radio base stations and a telephone network, and a call path control for controlling the group of switches. a gateway exchange including an ID identification storage unit and an ID identification storage unit, and a wireless reception device that simultaneously receives a plurality of channels in order to simultaneously communicate with a plurality of wireless base stations while moving within a service area covered by the plurality of wireless base stations. A system has been constructed that includes a mobile radio that includes a circuit and a radio transmission circuit that transmits multiple channels simultaneously.

[Operation] While multiple radio base stations and mobile radio devices are communicating the same communication content in parallel using multiple channels,
If a channel (old channel) whose communication quality falls below a certain value occurs, another channel that satisfies the certain communication quality
Communication with one wireless base station is switched to another channel (\JT channel), communication on the old channel is terminated, and the same communication content can be communicated without momentary interruption using multiple channels including the new channel. I did it like that. As a result, we were able to achieve 1q of the following actions and effects.

i) The reliability of location registration has been improved because each radio base station and barrier switch is equipped with an ID identification storage unit, and the location of mobile radio equipment is registered in parallel based on the data of each radio base station. .

ii) Since one channel among multiple channels whose communication quality has deteriorated is switched to a new channel, it is possible to achieve seamless channel switching during calls between zones or within zones.

1ii) Ensuring good communication quality by employing economical transmitting/receiving diversity, reducing interference, and making new services using broadband signals technically possible.

iv) When traffic is slow, many channels are used to carry out parallel communication, which makes effective use of radio equipment and improves communication quality.

■) Since each wireless base station is equipped with an ID identification storage unit and a function that enables simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple wireless channels through high-speed switching, it is possible to process location registration signals from mobile wireless devices even during peak traffic times. It became.

vi) Parallel communication of multiple channels improved the transmission characteristics of wideband signals and improved line quality.

vii) It has become possible to estimate the direction and speed of movement of a mobile radio, and it has become possible to ensure communication in the destination zone and to carry out advance allocation of channels to be used in the mobile prospect zone.

viii) By distributing the functions of wireless line control from the centralized system as in conventional systems to mobile radios or radio base stations, improved control processing ability and system reliability have been achieved.

ix) Repeat the location registration, call origination, and call reception operations a specified number of times, and if good communication conditions cannot be obtained, the process shifts to high-speed movement mode.
This ensures high communication reliability.

Here, the high-speed movement mode refers to a mode in which, in normal communication methods, inconvenient phenomena occur due to high-speed movement. On the other hand, a mode in which the movement speed does not cause any obstacles is called a low-speed movement mode.

In the high-speed movement mode, the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio are measured, and the gateway exchange contacts the radio base station in the moving direction in advance to prepare for communication.

[Embodiment] FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C show an example of a system configuration for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1A, 10 is a general telephone network, which includes an exchange 11 for general telephones.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a gateway exchange for connecting the general telephone exchange 11 included in the telephone network 10 and the wireless system. The barrier exchange 120 includes a plurality of wireless base stations 30-1.
30"-2, . . , 30-n and many mobile radios and telephones accommodated in the general telephone network 10, and between each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n. A communication path control unit 21 which sends and receives control signals and controls communication path setting cancellation, etc., and which is controlled by the communication path control unit 21 and connects each non-9Q base station 30-1 to 30-n and the barrier exchange 20 and A group of switches 23 necessary for switching communication paths for establishing a connection with the exchange 11 is included.

FIG. 1B shows a mobile radio device 50 that communicates with each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. The communication signal that is the output is input to the control section 58 and the telephone section 59. A communication signal output from the telephone section 59 is applied to a wireless transmission circuit 66 including a transmission mixer 61 and a transmission section 51, and the transmission signal is sent out from the antenna section and received by the wireless base station 30. In addition, a communication quality monitoring section 57 that constantly monitors the call quality during communication and reports it to the control section 58 when it deteriorates, monitors the presence or absence of interference during communication and detects interference above a certain level. If this happens, the interference detector 62 reports it to the control unit 58, the ID of the own mobile radio 50 is memorized, the ID/Roam An area information collation storage section 54 is provided with connections as shown.

This mobile radio device 50 includes a synthesizer 55-1.
．． 55-2. ...$55 n and 56-1.56
-2. ..., 56-n, and selector switch 64-1.6
4-2, a reception switching controller 65C and a transmission switching controller 67C that generate signals for switching and controlling the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, respectively. 55-n and 56-1 to 56
-n and both switching controllers 65C and 67C are controlled by the control unit 58. Each synthesizer 55-1
A reference frequency is supplied from a reference crystal oscillator 71 to 55-n and 56-1 to 56-n.

FIG. 1C shows a radio base station 30 (for example, 3O-1) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, which has almost the same configuration as the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B, but has a different configuration. The controllers 55-1 to 55-1 for switching between transmission and reception are
55-n, 56-1 to 56-n, there is no changeover switch 64-1.64-2 for switching the synthesizer, and the ID
- There is no roam area information collation storage unit 54 (Fig. 1B), and the synthesizer is also used for reception and transmission 35-1.36-
1, and has an ID identification storage section 34 for identifying and storing ID numbers of the user and the called party, and has no telephone section 59 (FIG. 1B).
An interface 39 to the gateway exchange 20 that replaces
The point is that this is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1C and FIG. 1B will be listed below, and description of each function will be omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the corresponding components in FIG. 1B.

Transmitter 31 (51) Receiver 33 (53) Synthesizer 35-1 (55-1 to 55-n>Synthesizer 3
6-1 (56-1 to 56-rl) Communication quality monitoring section 37
(57) Control unit 38 (58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68) FIG. 1D shows another embodiment 30B of a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, and the configuration of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. They are almost the same, but the difference is that they do not have an ID/roam/area information collation storage unit 54 (FIG. 1B), but instead have an ID identification storage unit 34 for identifying and storing the ID numbers of the user and the called party. , in that there is no telephone section 59 (FIG. 1B) and an interface 39 to a barrier exchange 20 is provided instead of the telephone section 59.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1D and FIG. 1B is listed below, and description of each function will be omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are
1B is the number of each corresponding component in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51) Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n (55-1 to 55-n) Synthesizers 36-1 to 36-n (56-1 to 56-rl) Communication quality monitoring section 37 (57) Control unit 38B (58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference and disturbance detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68) Another embodiment of the radio base station 30 is shown in FIG. Transceivers 90-1 to 90-m for telephone calls, the wireless receiving circuit 48 and the communication quality monitoring unit 37 shown in FIG. 1D
m communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 having both functions.
93-m and a control transmission/reception R94 dedicated to a control channel for control signals, which are connected to the telephone network 10 via a barrier exchange 120.

Transmission/reception 1ff 190-1 to 90- used in Figure 1E
The configuration of one transmitter/receiver [90] on the back of the radio base station controller 32 is shown in FIG.
The connection relationship with C is shown.

The transceiver 90 shown in FIG. 1F has almost the same configuration as the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG.
8G and reference crystal oscillator 40C are shared.

Since such a configuration is used for the transmission/reception @90-1 to 90-m in FIG. 1E, the changeover switch 44-1.
44-2, if one specific synthesizer is selected from among the synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n, the number of radio base stations 30C shown in FIG. 1E is m. channels can be transmitted and received simultaneously.

In addition, the changeover switch 44-1゜44- of the transmitter/receiver 90
2, chop the four thin noisers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n at high speed, and switch them repeatedly. It is possible to send and receive. Therefore, the wireless base station 30C in FIG. 1E can simultaneously transmit and receive up to rrlXn channels.

In FIG. 1G, 50 other embodiments of the mobile radio are shown.

The difference between mobile radio 150B in FIG. 1G and mobile radio 50 shown in FIG. 1B is that reception mixer 63 and reception unit 5
In addition to the radio receiving circuit 68 including 3, a receiving mixer 73 and a C/N measuring receiving section 52 are provided, and both receiving mixers 63 and 73 have switching controlled by a receiving switching controller 65G and a controlling section 58B, respectively. Switches 64-16 and 6
The outputs of the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are applied to the transmitter microphone 1J61 via the transmitter 4-3, and the outputs of the synthesizers 56-1 to 55-n are applied to the transmitter microphone 1J61 via the changeover switch 64-2 controlled by the transmitter switching controller 67C. 56-n is applied.

The mobile radio a5OB shown in FIG. 1G has a function of having a particularly remarkable reception diversity effect.

A part of the reception signal received by the antenna section of the mobile radio device 50 is added to the reception mixer 73 . Receive mixer 7
The outputs from the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are added as local excavation frequencies to the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n via the changeover switch 64-3.

This changeover switch 64-3 is connected to another changeover switch 4-4.
It is not necessary to switch at a high speed like 101-IZ or 64-2, and a low switching speed of, for example, 101-IZ is sufficient. When the changeover switch 64-3 is in the position to obtain the output of the synthesizer 55-1, it controls the C/N value (the value of the llEi transmission wave to male sound ratio) of the channel CH1 measured by the C/N measurement receiving section 52. The information is transmitted to section 58B. Next, when the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to obtain the output of the synthesizer 55-2, the C/N value of channel CI.12 is measured.

When the synthesizer 55-n is in the position where the output is turned on, the C/N value of CHn is measured and transmitted to the control section 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to set the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67G, for example, to each C/N.
Control to operate at a speed inversely proportional to the value.

Next, a system for increasing the reception diversity effect will be briefly described. FIG. 1H shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50C in this case.

In Figure 1H, the input radio wave (
(input signal) is divided into n equal parts by the Ambuna input section, and each of the radio receiving circuits 68-1, 68-2, . ....

68-n. Each radio receiving circuit 68-1 to 68-
receive mixers 63-1, 63-2 . ...
, 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-2°..., 53
-n is provided, and reception mixers 63-1 to 63
-n respectively have synthesizers 55-1, 55-2.
. . , the local valve (Tatsu frequency) is input from 55-n. Therefore, in the configuration shown in the same figure, there is no reception selector switch 64-1 shown in FIG.
It is possible to receive and demodulate signals of H1, CH2°, . . . , CHn. In addition, these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-
A part of the output signal of n is sent to the control unit 58C, and another part is added to the mixing circuit 69 and processed in the same way as in a normal diversity receiver (in this case, synthesis after detection). , is sent to the telephone unit 59. In addition, each receiving section 53-1
A part of the outputs of ~53-n are sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 5, respectively.
7-1 to 57n, and their outputs are applied to the control section 58C, respectively.

Figure 1■ shows the mobile radio device 50C shown in Figure 11-1.
A mobile radio device 50D different from the above is shown, and the differences are n@ transmission mixers 61-1 to 61-n and a transmitter 51.
Wireless transmission circuits 66-1 to 66-n including -1 to 51-n
A synthesizer 56-1 is provided to each transmitter 51-1 to 51-n, to which a signal to be transmitted is commonly connected and applied, and each is controlled by a controller 58D to generate a designated frequency. The outputs from the MIGs 1-1 to 61-n are applied to each of the transmitting MIGs 1-1 to 61-n. This mobile radio device 50D is capable of continuously transmitting a plurality of radio channels (I channels) without switching the switch 64-2 like the mobile radio device 50C (FIG. 1H).

By adopting the circuit configuration shown in FIGS. 1H and 11, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect of 1q.

Mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> and radio base station 30 (B
, C) For control signals with the gateway exchange 20, there are two cases: a control channel dedicated to control signals is used, and a signal outside the speech signal band is used.

In order to transmit this control signal outside the communication (speech) signal band, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, a second
As shown in figure (a), the communication channel band is 0.3 to 3.
．． Low frequencies f,oo outside 0KHz (e.g. about 100
1-12> or higher frequency fD1. fD2. f[)3
""08 (for example 3..8K) - 12 to 0.1KH
8 waves up to 4.5 KHz at z intervals) are used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, control data, the number of control frequencies fDO" f08 may be further increased, or a subcarrier format may be used. By applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one or more of the waves, more control data can be transmitted.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted.
Shown in Figure (b). FIG. 2(b) shows an example of a case where an audio signal is digitized by a digital encoding circuit 91, and the audio signal is multiplexed with a data signal by a multiplex conversion circuit 92, and then applied to the modulation circuit of the transmitter 31.

Below, the functions of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the radio base station 30 (B, C), and the barrier switch 20 will be explained in order.

(A>Mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> First, among the functions provided by the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>), the functions of the control unit 58 (B, C, D>) will be explained. Control unit 5
8 (B, C, D>) has the following basic functions.

1) Command the wireless transmission circuit 66 of the own mobile radio device 50 ([3, C, D) to emit or stop transmitting radio waves, and control the transmission power level.

ii) Instructing the radio receiving circuit 68 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Instructing the telephone unit 59 whether or not to send a dial signal and instructing the transmission/reception of voice.

iv) Synhisizer groups 55-1 to 55-n and 5
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, oscillation command and stop command for 6-1 to 56-n.

■) Control command for the reception and transmission switching controller 650.67C.

vi) Determining whether or not to change one or more channels to be used based on information from the communication quality monitoring unit 57.

vii) Determining whether or not to change the channel to be used based on information from the interference detector 62.

viii) ID/Roam area information verification storage unit 54
Confirm the other party's I'D to communicate with and determine the channel to be used based on the information from.

ix) Transfer of communication channels to mobile radios with higher service types.

X) Determination of on/off duty conditions for the reception (transmission) switching controllers 65C and 67C.

xi) be higher than the wireless base station 30 in terms of control decisions; This is based on the wireless base station 3 regarding control decisions.
When it is different from 0, it is possible to exercise initiative over the radio base station 30.

xii) Estimating the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions can be provided.

1) Check the ID/roam area information collation storage unit 5 to check the radio channels used by other mobile radios or other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>)
4 and used when making a call or switching communication channels.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when call traffic is congested, the number of channels used for communication at the same time is eliminated, calls are suppressed, and channels in use are disconnected or recommended for early termination.

3) Using the functions i), vi), and vii),
Setting the optimum transmission level for own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

4> One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax data, etc.).

In addition, the control functions associated with transition to another zone include: 6) Selection of a new wireless base station 30 after switching channels during communication. At this time, a new radio base station 30 is selected taking into consideration the moving direction of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

7) Barrier exchange Fj! For A20, wireless base station 3
Opening/closing the switch group 23 of the communication path and requesting parallel use of the communication path at the 0 path.

8) If no response signal is sent from the opposing radio base station 30 in response to the control signal sent from the mobile radio device 50, the same signal is retransmitted, but within the limits set by the system. If there is no response, the mobile radio device 50 determines that it is moving at high speed (high-speed movement mode), and changes the transmission of control signals from then on to the control signal sending method for high-speed movement mode. On the other hand, the opposing radio base station 30 that has recognized the transition to this mode changes to the high-speed movement mode control signal transmission method and transmits it to the mobile radio 50, and has the function of receiving this.

To express the above control function in one word, it means that a part of the function of the radio network control station 12 shown in FIG. 9 used in the prior art is accommodated in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> This becomes possible only by using VLSI technology, which has recently made remarkable progress, and can be described as making mobile radio equipment intelligent.

However, even if mobile radios are made intelligent using conventional technology, there are limits to their effectiveness.
In particular, it has no effect on improving radio line control ability or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call, and it is only through the use of the method of the present invention that it becomes intelligent in both name and reality.

(B) Wireless base station 30 (B, C) Devices each having the following functions are set in the wireless base station 30.

a) Each wireless base station has a dedicated wireless transceiver for transmitting and receiving a small number (usually one) of control channels, and a number of dedicated communication channels corresponding to the number of communication channels assigned to that wireless base station. A wireless transmitter/receiver is installed.

For example, assume the wireless base station 30C in FIG. 1E. 1
The number of communication channels to be allocated to one radio base station 30C is the number of communication channels that should be allocated to one radio base station 30C.
(B.

The optimum value is given by the call traffic in C).

If the area of the zone is large and there are many mobile radios in the area, the call traffic will inevitably increase, so at least one control channel and multiple call channels are required, and the transmitter/receiver 90 (Figure 1F)
Of course, more than one is required. NTT's car phone system provides two control channels and up to six
There is an actual example in which about 0 communication channels are allocated.

However, the size of the zone gradually became smaller, and finally, as shown in the above-mentioned document, Ito "Proposal of a Mobile Telephone System," Communications Society of Japan, Communication Systems Study Group Material C38B-88, November 1986, a very small zone with a radius of about 25 m was created. In this case, the radio base station that handles this area as its service area will consider the radio channel installed there to be one for control and one for calls, in terms of call traffic, method, and cost, and the functions of the radio equipment to cover this. In some cases, it is considered as one transmission and reception. In other words, one transmitter/receiver is used for both control and communication (1D
(see figure). What's more, this dual-purpose system uses a control channel to initially respond to a call from a mobile radio, and after specifying a free call channel, it also changes to the call channel itself and makes the same call. Rather than simply communicating with a mobile radio, as will be explained later, it is possible to use a single mobile radio and a communication channel to transmit and receive radio frequency signals without interference even during communication. By repeatedly switching between the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed that does not affect the communication speed, it is possible to accept calls and make calls to the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) that newly request to make and receive calls. A feature of the present invention is that it has an excellent function of

As explained above, there are various possible configurations of the radio base stations 30 (B, C), and the present invention can be applied to all of them.

However, in the radio base station 30 of FIG. 1A, only one set of transmitter/receiver is shown, and the rest are omitted.

b) The transmitter/receiver dedicated to communication channels installed in each radio base station 30 (B, C) is capable of receiving one channel out of the plurality of radio channels among the radio channels assigned to that radio base station. Of course, in a zone where traffic fluctuations are severe, it is assumed that one transceiver 90 installed in the wireless base station 30C (FIG. 1E) has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1F. That is,
The configuration of the portion that transmits and receives radio signals is substantially the same as that of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. As a result, the call traffic in this zone increases, and even in the radio base station 30C, where m transmitters/receivers 90 are installed δ2 to normally provide for m-channel communication, due to the increase in call traffic, communication for m or more channels is required. When a synthesizer CA 35-1.36 that is currently in operation is required, a control signal is sent from a control unit 38C in the base station to one transceiver 90 that constitutes the radio base station 30C. -1
In addition to 35-2.35-3. ..., 35-n and 3
6-2.36-3. ..., 36-n or selector switch 4
4-1. Operate 44-2. As a result, what was previously possible to transmit and receive using m channels becomes possible to transmit and receive using up to m×n channels. The number of channels that can be used simultaneously increases dramatically.

However, depending on the number of switching, the transmitter horn of each channel will decrease unless a power amplifier is installed at the output of the transmitting mixer 61, so it is necessary to pay attention to this point. becomes the upper limit. Alternatively, if interference is to be caused to a channel that is communicating in another zone, the number of channels less than that is the limit.

The radio base station 30B in FIG.
0 (Even during communication using communication channels with B, C, D>, the communication channel and control channel are repeatedly switched at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitting and receiving radio frequencies as described above. By doing so, it is possible to accept a call operation and to make a telephone conversation even to the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D) with which a new call is desired.

Hereinafter, the explanation will be further made using FIG. 1F.

The control unit 38C has the following basic functions.

i) Transmitter/receiver 90 included in own wireless base station 30C
commands the transmitting unit 31 to start or stop transmitting radio waves and controls the transmission power level.

ii) Instructing the receiving unit 33 of its own wireless base station 30C to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) Notify the gateway exchange 20 whether dial signals can be sent or not, and whether voice transmission and reception can be done or not.

iv) Synthesizer groups 35-1 to 35-n and 3
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, excavation command and stop command for 6-1 to 36-n.

■) For reception and transmission switching controller 45.47,
Control command.

vi) Determination of suitability for changing channels in use based on information from communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 to 93-m, and transmitting quality information to mobile radio 150 (B.

Determine whether or not to transmit to C, D>.

vii) Judging whether or not it is appropriate to change the channels used based on the information from the interference detector 42.

viii) Confirming the ID of the other party to communicate with and determining the channel to be used based on the information from the ID identification record 1 section 34C.

iy:) +) - Based on a request from a mobile radio with a higher rank in the service type, the mobile radio 50 (B.

Aim to end communication with C and D> early. Or terminate immediately.

×) For reception and transmission switching controller 45.47,
Determination of on/off duty conditions.

xi) Regarding control decisions, mobile radio 50 (B.

Must be lower than C, D>. This is about control decisions, and if there is a difference between the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D) and the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D>), control is transferred to the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D>. However, xi) This is determined for convenience of explanation, and in an actual system, there is no problem even if the wireless base station 30 takes the initiative.

xii) As already explained in a) and b), in the case of a radio that serves both a communication channel and a control channel, (A
), as shown in FIG. 1D, a plurality of synthesizers 35-1 to 35-3 are used.
5-n, 36-1 to 36-n, and by repeatedly switching the communication channel and control channel at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitted and received radio frequency signal, a new call can be made or received. The mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> must also have the function of receiving and receiving calls and making calls possible.

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions are provided.

1> The ID identification storage unit 34G stores the radio channels used by other radio base stations in operation around the own radio base station 30 (B, C) and other mobile radios, and makes a call or Used when switching channels during communication.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when call traffic is at its peak, it is possible to suppress calls, disconnect channels in use, or recommend early termination.

3) Using the functions i), vi), and vii),
Setting the optimum transmission level in the own radio base station 30.

4) One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax, data, etc.).

In addition, the control functions associated with the transition to the black zone are as follows:
Based on the signals from B, C, D>, communication of reception quality data and, if selected as the new radio base station 30 (B, C), start of communication.

7) For the barrier switch 20, the mobile radio 50 (
Based on requests from B, C, and D), opening/closing the switch group 23 of the communication path and requesting parallel use of the communication path.

8) After performing channel switching during a call, the ID and call channel number of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) with which communication has been carried out is stored for a certain period of time.

9) Each radio base station 3 that received the location registration signal (using control channel) from the mobile radio FM50 (B, C, D)
Based on the report from 0 (B, C), the ID (self-identification information) of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) is identified and stored via the communication path control unit 21 included in the barrier switch 20. 24.

In this case, in the present invention, a plurality of wireless base stations 30 (B.

Since a location registration request is made from C), the mobile radio
(The quality of the signal received at B, C, D> (S/N, C/
decibel values such as N) are also stored.

10) Each radio base station 30 that received a calling signal (control channel used) from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the reports from (B, C), the wireless base station with the best received signal quality and the next best 30 wireless base stations (B, C)
) or mobile radio 50 (B.

By detecting the moving direction, speed, etc. of C, D>, a new zone wireless base station 30 (B, C) is selected in anticipation of the destination zone. The mobile radio device 50 (B, C
, D>, which is to be used for communication with D>, is specified. Mobile radio tEi50 (B, C,
Sends a command signal to stop communication with D>.

11) In response to the control signal transmitted from the wireless base station 30,
If a response signal is not transmitted from the opposing mobile radio device 50, the same signal is retransmitted, but if there is no response even after retransmission within the limit determined by the system, the radio base station 30 It is determined that the vehicle is moving at high speed, and the subsequent control signal transmission is changed to the control signal sending method for high speed movement mode. On the other hand, the opposing mobile radio device 50 that recognizes the transition to this mode changes to the high-speed movement mode and transmits to this radio base station 30, and has the function of receiving this.

To express the above control functions in one word, some of the functions of the radio network control station 12 in FIG.
0 (B, C), it is possible to accommodate all the functions of the radio network control station 12, making it possible to abolish the radio network control station 12.

However, even if the wireless base station 30 is made intelligent using conventional technology, there is a limit to its effectiveness, especially when it comes to improving the ability of wireless line control or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call. This means that it is not effective, and that it becomes intelligent in both name and reality only by using the method according to the present invention.

(C) Gateway Switch 20 The barrier switch 20 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1A is a mobile radio device 50 in the mobile communication system according to the present invention.
ID identification storage unit 2 to store location information of (B, C)
4), the mobile radio device 50 (B, C) sets a communication path between Aizu, opens and closes the switch group 23 under the control of the communication path control unit 21, and the mobile radio device 50 in the mobile communication system. (B, C) and telephone network 10 outside the system
It is responsible for setting the communication path for calls to and from the communication path, and for opening and closing the switch group 23 under the control of the communication path control unit 21.

The functions of the barrier switch 20 will be explained in detail below.

a) Execution of the operations of the switch group 23 to be opened and closed in connection with the origination of a call from the mobile radio 11150 (B, C, D> and, if the called party is included in the telephone network 10, the barrier exchange; Transfer of information necessary for setting up a call with the called party addressed to 120.

b) When an incoming call signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> is transmitted from a caller included in the telephone network 10 via the barrier switch 20, Execution of the operation of the switch group 23 to be opened and closed by
The called mobile radio device 50 (B
, C, D).

The ID identification storage unit 24 stores the locations of all the wireless base stations 30 (B, C) under the barrier switch 20, and also stores all the locations registered to each wireless base station 30 (B, C). mobile radio 850 (B.

The positions of C and D) are marked. Radio base station 30 (B
, C), which are installed along walkways, etc., and are suitable for communicating with mobile radio devices (B, C, D>) when they are installed in a car and communicate. 30
It has a function to separately manage (B, C) as radio base stations for high-speed mobile mode.

Furthermore, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C) in high-speed movement mode.

D) has entertainment that is managed separately.

C) In connection with an incoming call to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the radio base station 30 ( B,
An instruction to send a call signal to C). First, this calling signal is sent to all the radio base stations 30 (B, C) whose current locations of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) are registered, and each radio base station 30 ( In B, C), the mobile vJ radio 50 (B, C, D
) will send an incoming call signal to the destination at the same time. However, this transmission time does not necessarily have to be the same time, and each radio base station 3
It may be transmitted sequentially in time series for each 0 (B, C).

That is, it is sufficient if measures are taken to avoid interference caused by time differences between signals.

d) Mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> starts a call,
If the communication traffic situation within the system allows, determine whether to implement transmit/receive diversity and instruct the execution of the operation.

e) Mobile radio device 50 performing transmitting/receiving diversity
(Regarding B, C, and D>, traffic congestion, calls from important subscribers, and broadband signals 1) - If a service applicant appears at that time, the multiplicity of transmitting and receiving diversity (number of channels used) Determination and execution of reduction or termination of diaperity.

f) According to items a) to e), the mobile radio device 50 in communication
(B, C, D) may be located within the same zone or when the wireless base station 30 moves from one zone to another.
If the communication quality with (B, C) deteriorates, it is determined whether to perform the operation of switching the communication (busy) channel for that channel. Note that in order to perform this operation, the opposing wireless base station 30 ( It is necessary to send a control signal to B and C), but this instruction (7b11 control signal) is sent to the top or bottom of the frequency band of the call signal using the call channel as shown in Figure 2 (a). This is done using a frequency band.

g) By moving the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D), each radio base station 30 (B,
C) The measurement result of the change in reception quality is measured between mobile
, C, D>, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> movement direction and movement speed were estimated, and on the other hand, a separately investigated mobile radio device (B, C, D> movement direction radio base station 30 (B.

In C), comprehensively judge the traffic condition g (usage status of the communication channel), and if necessary, the mobile radio 150 (B, C) communicating with these radio base stations 30 (B, C)
A judgment is made and executed as to whether to gradually decrease or increase the multiplicity of transmitting/receiving diversity of C, D>.

[)) Based on a request from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) or the radio base station 30 (B, C), the low-speed movement of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) whose location is registered
A state change from a mode to a high-speed movement mode or from a high-speed movement mode to a low-speed movement mode is stored.

Next, the operation of the entire system will be explained in the order of the following items.

(1) Location registration (2) Call origination operation (3) Call reception operation (4) Application of diversity during times of low traffic (5) Explanation and theoretical basis of channel switching during a call and the diversity effect.

(6) Estimation of moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and communication channel allocation method for traffic clearing measures.

(7) Location registration method of mobile radio device moving at high speed and operations such as making/receiving calls (1) Location registration mobile radio device 50 (home area where B, C, D> are permanently installed, or other than the home area) In the ROHM area, which is the service area of
When the power switch is turned on and operation begins, the first thing that is performed is a location registration operation. The flow of this location registration operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

When the power switch of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is turned on, a signal to start an operation for registering the current location is sent to nearby radio base stations, for example, using an uplink control channel (CH). This mobile radio device 50 (B, C
, D) (8202),
The wireless base station 30 confirms that the mobile wireless devices 50 (B, C, D) have started operating 8203>, and once confirmed (S203Y).
If the ESS is in the off state, the downlink control channel is turned on and permission to send a location registration signal is sent out using the downlink control channel (S204).

Upon receiving permission to send a location registration signal (3205), the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> sends a location registration signal with its own ID (identification number) using the uplink control channel. (3206).Communication using this control channel does not have a transmitting/receiving section dedicated to the control channel.
For example, in the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. 1D,
Even if the radio transmitting and receiving circuits 46 and 48 are already used with other mobile radios, multiple channels can be chopped at high speed and transmitted and received simultaneously.
Always secured.

Upon receiving the location registration signal (S207>, the wireless base station 3
0 (B, C), the reception quality is inspected and the IQ is stored in the I[) identification storage unit 34 (3208>. If the reception quality is greater than a certain value as a result of the inspection, the IQ is checked (S209YES).
, FIG. 4B), and sends a location registration request signal to the gateway exchange 120 (8210). Having received this registration request signal (5211), the machine 20 registers that the reception quality and location are stored in the plurality of wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-n (3212). When the work is completed, a registration completion signal is sent out (S213).The radio base station 30 (B, C) that has received this registration completion signal uses the downlink control channel to transmit the registration completion signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C).
Transfer to C, D>.

A registration completion signal was received (S215>Mobile radio 50
(B, C, D) inspects the received contents and stores the ID (identification number) of each registered wireless base station 30 (B, C) in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54 (3216
>.

With the above operations, the location registration operation is completed and the device enters a standby state for an incoming call.

Note that, as is clear from the above description, the mobile radio t150 (B, C) of the mobile communication system according to the present invention.

D) Location registration differs from conventional systems in that registration is performed at multiple locations (in units of wireless base stations).

This represents one feature of the present invention.

Furthermore, when storing location registration information, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) and the barrier switch 20 measure the quality of the location registration signal sent from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>). and store it including its value. Therefore,
For example, in the barrier switch 20, the mobile radio device 30 (B,
To store the location registration signals of C and D), along with the ID of the wireless base station 30 (B and C) that had the highest reception quality,
For example, as shown below, they are stored in descending order of reception quality.

Table 1 Radio Base Station Mobile Radio Reception Quality Station” 1 Year Month Daily 10 S/N (C/N) Hours Minutes Seconds 30-1 50 50 1987. B
, 1113, 24.56 30-2 50 45 1987. B,
1113, 24.56 30-3 50 35 1987. B,
1113, 24.56 30-4 50 30 1987. B,
1113, 24.56 30-5 50 25 1987.8.
1113, 24.56 Similarly, each radio base station also stores not only information received by the radio base stations 30 (B, C), but also information received from surrounding radio base stations as shown in Table 1.

This occurs when a communication path is established between the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

D) Not only is this information useful when switching channels during calls as the mobile radio 50 moves
(This is because it is necessary to estimate the moving direction, speed, etc. of B, C, D>.

For the same reason as above, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C,
In the ID roam area information collation storage section 54 in D>, information is also recorded in the same manner as in Table 1.

Next, it is assumed that the mobile radio Ia 50 (B, C, D>) moves from the zone in which it has registered its location while on standby (not talking) and moves to an adjacent zone.Recognition of this movement is performed by, for example, the radio base station 30 ( In a system in which control signals are constantly sent from stations B, C), the ID of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) included in the received control signal is stored in the mobile wireless device 50 (B, C, D>). You can identify it by comparing it with the ID you have.

In a system in which control signals are not always sent from the radio base stations 30 (B, C, D>), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
0 (B, C) using the uplink control channel, and in response, each wireless base station 30
(B, C) The wireless base station 30 sent from (B, C)
) is made possible by comparing the ID information stored in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

In any of the above systems, in addition to the ID information of the radio base stations 30 (B, C) stored as a result, the base station ID information previously stored in the mobile radio [50 (B, C, D>) If it is discovered that there is at least one new base station ID information that is different, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> are judged to have moved to the new zone,
The control unit 58 (B, C) (see FIG. 1B) updates the location registration in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54. In other words, the mobile radio 5 uses the uplink control channel.
0 (B, 'C, D> ID information is transmitted to the surrounding wireless base station 30 (B, C).

A plurality of wireless base stations 30 (B
, C), perform the same procedure as already explained,
The location registration signal of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is sent to the gateway exchange 20. The barrier exchange Bi that received this signal
In step 20, the ID identification storage section 24 in the own device is operated to register the location registration information of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).
Replace old information with new information. As a result, the location registration of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) is updated.

The above updating work is necessary because the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D) is in standby mode, and if you move to a new zone during communication (talking), the update work at the barrier switch 2
0, allocate a new call channel to the new radio station (B, C)
and a mobile radio 50 (B.

C and D), the location registration is updated at the same time, so no special operation is required.

Note that in a system where the number of radio devices installed in the radio base stations 30 (B, C) is small and the radio devices for control channels are diverted to communication channels, the radio base stations 30 (
If B, C) is communicating with another mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) using the conventional technology, there is no other radio device on standby, so even if another mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) Even if a location registration request was issued, the call was invalid. However, as a configuration of a mobile radio device, for example, a plurality of synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n and 56-1 to 55- as shown in FIG. 1B are used.
By installing a switch 64-1, 64-2, etc., the transmitting and receiving channel can be repeatedly switched while chopping, even if the mobile radio is already communicating with another mobile radio. It is possible to communicate with radio equipment via a control channel. Therefore, it becomes possible to accept location registration. Note that location registration from the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D>) in high-speed movement mode will be described later.

(2) Calling operation The calling operation from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) will be explained.

It is assumed that the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) are powered on and the location registration described in section (1) has been completed. The calling operation when calling from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) to another mobile radio in the same system or a telephone housed in the telephone wJ10 shown in FIG. 1A is as follows. The dialing operation is performed in the same way as making a call from a car phone.

Now, the user lifts up the handset (hang-off) of the telephone section 59 of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. In this state, the mobile radio t150 determines at what timing the calling signal sent from the mobile radio 50 should be sent to the uplink control channel (from the mobile radio 50 to the radio base station 30 (B, C)). The control unit 58 knows this. This is because the downlink control channel (from the radio base station 30 (B, C) to the mobile radio 5
This is because the mobile radio device 50 has captured the control signal 0) and recognizes the timing when the control signal contained therein allows the call to be made.

Also, in mobile radio 50, all functions shown in FIG. 1B are active. In particular, synthesizer 55-1.55-
2. ..., 55-n, the preparation for local oscillation frequency oscillation is interrupted, but the selector switch 64-1 remains fixed at the position where the synthesizer 55-1 is selected. Further, the control unit 58 sends a control signal to the synthesizer 55-1 to oscillate a local oscillation frequency for receiving the downlink control channel. On the other hand, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 30-n, if there is only one radio device in the radio base station, the mobile radio will perform the following operation depending on whether it is communicating with another mobile radio device or not. It is working on receiving uplink control signals.

First, at the wireless base station 30 (B, C) that is communicating with another mobile wireless device at that time, the wireless base station 30 (B, C)
) reception and transmission switching controllers 65C, 67C1
and synthesizer 55-L55-2.56-1.56
-2 is in operation, the other 55-1, 56-1 outputs the local oscillation frequency necessary for communication with other mobile radios, and synthesizers 55-2 and 56-2 are used for communication on the control channel. It outputs the local oscillation frequency that requires .

Therefore, a call from a mobile radio 150 located in the vicinity of the radio base station 30 (B, C) can be answered immediately.

Next, at that time, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) that are not communicating with other mobile radios and are on standby on the control channel can receive the reception state of the radio reception circuit 68 on the control channel. This is how it is fixed. Therefore, the wireless transmitting circuit 66 and the like are inactive, and the wireless receiving circuit 68,
Only synthesizer 55-1 is in operation.

Now, under the above conditions, the mobile radio device 50 transmits a call request signal. This call request signal including the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is created by the control unit 58 in FIG. 1B,
The signal is sent to the wireless transmission circuit 66. The radio transmission circuit 66 modulates the signal, and after amplifying it to an appropriate level, the transmission mixer 6
1, the signal is added to the antenna and sent to the wireless base station 30-1, etc.

The radio base station 30-1, etc. that has successfully received this signal inspects the content of the received signal and sends the radio base station 30-1
It is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 of the mobile radio 50 that has completed location registration, and the reception quality value and empty channel number received at the radio base station 30-1 are confirmed. In addition, a reply is sent to the mobile radio device 50 that made the call, requesting that the mobile radio device 50 before the move determine the communication channel number that should be used. If the mobile radio is not stored in the storage unit 34 of the radio base station 30-1, it is stored at this point and the added information is returned to the mobile radio 50. However, in this case, the timing of the reply is related to the reception quality as described above so as not to interfere with replies from other radio base stations.

On the other hand, these surrounding radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.・
..., 30-n, the mobile radio 1 which received the response signal from them.
At step 50, the number of radio base stations to which diversity transmission and reception should be performed is determined, taking into account the call traffic state at that time. In other words, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2.・、
The content of the response signal from 30-n is inspected, and if the call quality satisfies a certain standard, the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio 50, and the diversity included in the mobile radio 50 are determined. Radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, and 3 are selected based on the multiplicity that can be transmitted and received, empty communication channels that are unlikely to cause radio interference, and surrounding traffic conditions.
Suppose that it is decided to communicate with 0-n. In this case, the mobile radio device 50 uses the uplink control channel to notify the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2°, . request that you do so.

These radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3Q-
n, each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 3Q-n reports that it is on standby in the designated communication channel at the timing designated by the control signal.

Reports (transmissions) to the mobile radio device 50 from the plurality of radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n described above may be transmitted at the same time. However, in this case, it is necessary to set different occupied frequency bands outside the band and to allow the mobile radio 1150 to identify which radio base station 30 has transmitted the signal.

The flow of the above calling operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 5A and 5B. However, only one radio base station (30-1) is shown as a representative of the radio base station 30 that communicates with the mobile radio device 50. The gateway switch 20 and the radio base station 30-1 have already started operating, the mobile radio 50 has also started operating, and the location registration work explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B has been completed. A period of time between transmission and reception is established (off-hook), and this off-hook signal and the ID (identification number) of the mobile radio 50 are sent out using the uplink control channel (CH) (3231,
Figure 5A).

The wireless base station 30-1 that received this transmits the mobile wireless device 50.
The ID is detected and r11 recognizes that it is already stored in the ID identification storage section 34 (3232).

Therefore, the radio base station 30-1 adds the reception quality value received from the mobile radio device 50 and the current empty channel number, and sends it as a call response signal using the downlink control channel (3233>).

The mobile radio device 50 that has received such a call response signal from a plurality of radio base stations 30 examines the value of reception quality from each radio base station 30, and selects a radio base station 30-, which is capable of diversity transmission and reception, for example. Select 1 to 3Q-n, check for empty channels (3234), and send a signal specifying the communication channel to be used (3235).Here, radio base station 3
For channels 0-1, channel C)-11 is sent. The radio base station 30-1 confirms that the communication channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free, switches to that channel (S236), and sends a channel switching completion report using the downlink control channel. (S237>. Upon receiving this switching completion report (S238>), the mobile radio 150 waits for a Daicel tone on the designated communication channel (8
239).

On the other hand, the wireless base M30-1 sends a calling signal to the barrier switch 20 (3240>. Upon receiving this, the barrier switch 20 stores the ID of the mobile radio 8150 and the communication quality in the ID identification storage unit 24. Then, under the control of the communication path control unit 21, the switch group 23, for example 5WI-1, is turned on to connect the wireless base station 30-1 to the exchange 11 of the telephone network 10 (S241).

Therefore, a dial tone is sent from the exchange 11 side via the switch group 23 of the barrier exchange 120 (S24
2, Figure 5B).

This dial tone is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 via channel Cl-11 (downlink) (S243), and is received by the mobile radio 50, confirming that a call has been established (S244). The mobile radio device 50 transmits the dial signal of the destination using the channel C11 (uplink) 5245>, and the signal is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 (
S246>, the exchange 11 operates and a call path to the destination on the telephone network 10 is set up (S247>). Thereafter, a call is made (3248>).

When the call is completed, the handset goes on hook (S
249), the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the mobile radio 5.
The wireless base station 30-1 confirms the end of the call (3251) and transmits the end of the call to the gateway exchange 20 (S250>).

Therefore, the barrier switch 20 turns off the switch 5W1-1 of the switch group 23, and the call ends (3252>).

Note that the mobile radio device 50 (B) is in high-speed movement mode.

The call origination from C, D> will be described later.

(3) Call Receiving Operation The present invention has been described above regarding the origination of a call from the mobile radio device 50, but the flow of the operation of receiving a call to the mobile radio device 50 will be explained below using FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B. . Here, among the many radio base stations 30, 30-1 is shown as a representative.

For example, a mobile radio device 50 or the like existing in the vicinity of radio base station 30-1 or the like is on standby on a control channel that is commonly used by all radio base stations 30.

In FIG. 1A, it is assumed that an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio FM 50 enters the barrier exchange [20] from the telephone w 410. It is assumed that the ID identification storage unit 24 in the barrier switch 20 inspects incoming call signals and searches for the ID of the called party, and finds the wireless base station 30 (plurality) whose current location is registered. . Then, the mobile radio device 50 simultaneously sends an incoming call signal to all the radio base stations 30 whose locations are registered via the communication control unit 21 (3271ζ FIG. 6A).

Each radio base station 30 that received this signal
D identification storage unit 34 (C) is searched and I of the mobile radio device 50 is searched.
When it is confirmed that D is stored there, it uses the downlink control channel to transmit an incoming call and call channel designation request signal to mobile radio 1m50 using the ID of radio base station 30-1.
Add and send.

The mobile radio device 50 is called to other radio base stations 30 in a similar manner at substantially the same time (S272).

On the other hand, this incoming call signal is received by the mobile radio device 50 that is on standby on the control channel, and after searching the received signal quality and signal content and confirming that it is the incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio device 50. (S273) The mobile radio device 50 connects to each radio base station 30-1.3 in consideration of the nearby call traffic state.
0-2. . . , determines a communication channel that allows communication with the wireless base station 30-n, and uses the uplink control channel to communicate with the wireless base station 30-n.
1.30-2.・, Send to 30-n (3274
>.

At the same time, each synthesizer 55-1.55-2 and 56-1.56 in the mobile radio 8150 (FIG. 1B)
-2. ..., 56-n or selector switch 64-1.64
-2 and reception and transmission switching controllers 65C and 67C
For example, communication channel Cl-11 (for wireless base station 30-1), communication channel Cl-12 (for wireless base station 30-2), . . .

The communication channel n (for wireless base station 30-n) is brought into a state in which transmission and reception are possible. Each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 3 Q that received the uplink control channel '' from the mobile radio device 50
-n, the quality of the received signal is inspected, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 that made the call is confirmed (3275), and an incoming call response signal is sent to the gateway exchange 20 (S276>).

This incoming call response signal to the gateway exchange 20 also includes a signal to the switch group 23 for setting a communication path. Then, upon receiving this incoming call response signal, the barrier switch 20 will:
It is checked whether the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 24, and if it is not stored, the ID is stored in the ID together with the quality inspection data of the radio base station 30-1.
3277>, and sends a response confirmation signal including the stored ID etc. to the wireless base station 30-1 etc. (8278).

Upon receiving this response confirmation signal, the wireless base station 30-1 confirms that the ID of the mobile wireless device 50 has been correctly registered (5279), and checks whether the specified channel is free from the mobile wireless device 50. Please consider whether or not to switch.
280, FIG. 6B), and sends the resulting switching approval/disapproval signal to the mobile radio 50 via the downlink control channel (52
81).

If this switching approval/disapproval signal is received (8282> mobile radio t150, there are no free channels, so switching of the specified channel is not approved (3283NO)
>, returns to step 5274 and specifies another communication channel (S274>. If the specified channel is an empty channel and switching is approved (S283YE)
S), switches to that channel and sends a channel switching completion report using the uplink control channel (3284>).

Confirmed that the channel was switched to a free channel (3285
>The wireless base station 30-1 switches to this channel and
The barrier exchange sends a channel switching completion signal to 20 (S286>).

When the barrier switch 4m20 receives the channel switching completion signal, it operates the call path control unit 21 and switches the switch group 2 in order to set up a call path to the telephone network 10 via the exchange 11.
For example, 5W1-1 of 3 is turned on, and the wireless base station 30
-1 and the telephone network 10 are connected (8287). Therefore, a calling signal is sent from the telephone network 10 via the barrier exchange 1m20 (8288, Fig. 6C), and this is sent to the wireless base station 3.
0-1 is confirmed (S289>. Then, a calling bell signal is sent out on the set communication channel Cl-11, and the mobile radio 50 generates a ringing tone (S291>).

When the handset on the mobile radio 5o side is lifted (off hook) due to this ringing tone (S292>, channel C
)-11, an off-hook signal is sent to the wireless base station 3.
0-1 (3293>), is received by the gateway exchange 20 (8294), and a call is started between the telephone network 10 and the mobile radio@50 (S295>).

When the call ends, the handset is put down and the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the wireless base station 30 via channel CH1.
-1 (S296), and the wireless base station 30-1, which has confirmed the end of the call, transfers this signal (8297>.
120 operates the call path control unit 21 and turns off 5w1-1 of the switch group 23 to end the call (3298>).

In the above explanation, even in a system in which the control transceiver installed in the radio base station 30-1 is diverted to a communication channel, the method of repeatedly switching the transmission and reception channels in time as explained in the configuration of the mobile radio device is also applicable. Therefore, even if the mobile radio is already communicating with a third mobile radio, it is possible to communicate with a newly incoming mobile radio using the control channel (see FIG. 1D).

In the systems exemplified in (2) call operation and (3) @call operation, which have already been explained, the wireless channels are clearly separated into a wireless channel dedicated to control and a wireless channel dedicated to calls. Ta. However, in some actual systems, this distinction is not clear. In such a system, it is possible to use a specific communication channel as the control channel described above and perform the same operation.

Note that the mobile radio device 50 (B.

C and D> will be described later.

(4) Application of diversity during low traffic times Due to the calling/receiving operations as explained in (2) and (3), general telephone A and mobile radio 50 in the telephone network 10
Suppose that communication has started between two mobile radios (or between two mobile radios in the system).

In this case, the number of radio base stations 30 with which the mobile radio device 50 communicates is 1.
and the communication traffic state within the system, at least the traffic state in the vicinity of the mobile radio device 50, is as follows:
Assume that it is not the busy hour, that is, the busiest time (this can be implemented in the same way even when the number of wireless base stations 30 is two or more).

Then, the mobile radio 150 starts preparing to perform diversity transmission and reception. Therefore, the control section 58 in the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B sends an operation start command signal to each of the transmission switching controller 67C and the reception switching controller 65C, and also sends an operation start command signal to the currently working synthesizer 55-
1 and 56-1 as well as synthesizers 55-n and 56-n to enable transmission and reception of control channel CI-150. At the same time, the control unit 58 starts sending control signals to the wireless transmission circuit 66. This control signal includes the ID of the mobile radio 13150, the type of communication (type of voice, data, etc.), and the channel number currently in use, and is sent to the surrounding radio base station 30 that is not currently communicating. Requests the start of diversity transmission/reception operations. However, the above conditions for the radio base station 30 are such that if the radio base station 30 has the configuration shown in FIG. 1D, FIG. 1E, or FIG. 1F, This condition can be relaxed because it is possible to communicate with a new mobile radio even while communicating with the radio.

By the above operation, the mobile radio device 50 transmits the signal at 61°.
In addition to the currently communicating channel CH1, the output of the control channel C)-150 is obtained, while the receive mixer 63 receives the control channel C)-11 in addition to the currently communicating channel CH1. It is also possible to receive This is (5
) is explained in detail in the operation of channel switching during a call.

The control signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 is sent to a plurality of nearby radio base stations 30-2, 30-3.・
..., 30-n. Then, one of them, the radio base station 30-2, inspects the quality of the received signal and the content of the signal, and as a result, the i! When it is determined that the quality of the signal received from the J aircraft 50 is above a certain value, the communication quality will not deteriorate immediately, and there is no possibility of interference occurring, the transmitting mobile radio 50 A control signal including the ID of its own radio base station 30-2 and an available radio channel number (for example, CI-12>, etc.) is transmitted to the mobile radio 150 to report that diversity transmission/reception is possible.

This signal is received by the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 and transmitted to the control section 58. The control unit 5 that received this
In step 8, as a result of examining the signal sent from the radio base station 3o-2, it is determined that it is appropriate to perform diversity transmission and reception, and transmits the signal to the synthesizers 55-2 and 56-2 on channel C1]2. In order to start communication with the wireless base station 30-2, generation of a local oscillation frequency is requested.

In addition, the wireless base 830-2 requests the call path control unit 21 in the gateway exchange 2o to operate the switch group 23 and send the currently communicating call signal to the wireless base 83o-2 in parallel. do.

In the barrier switch 2o that received this request, the wireless base station 30
In accordance with the request of -2, audio signals, that is, audio signals from ordinary telephones, are transmitted not only to wireless base station 3°-1 but also to radio base station 30.
Start sending the same signal to -2.

The radio base station 3o-2 that has received this voice signal adds the ``D'' etc. of the radio base station 3o-2 to the mobile radio device 50 and sends it out on the radio channel CH2. On the other hand, since the mobile radio device 50 is in a state where it is possible to receive the radio channel CH2, the output of the radio reception circuit 68 that received this signal is inspected by the communication quality monitoring unit 57, and if the quality is good, The voice signal is transmitted to the telephone section 59, and the control signal is transmitted to the control section 58.

By performing the above operations, mobile radio device 50 enters a diversity transmission/reception state with radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2.

The diversity transmission/reception execution request signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 described above to the radio viewpoint layer 30 in the vicinity thereof is transmitted to radio stations 30-3.
30-4. . , 30-n also receive the same response, and among these radio base stations that meet the conditions, the same response signal as 30-1 should be transmitted to the mobile radio device 50.

Therefore, the control section 58 of the mobile radio device 50 or the barrier communication!
When the fA device 20 wants to perform diversity transmission and reception with a large number of radio base stations, it performs exactly the same operation as when performing diversity transmission and reception with the radio base station 30-2 described above. If all operations work normally, diversity transmission/reception is started with, for example, the wireless base station 30-3.

Hereinafter, by the same operation as above, the radio base station 30- which is closest to the mobile radio device 50, is not currently in communication, and whose communication quality satisfies a certain standard required for the system or higher.
3.30-4. . . , 30-n, diversity transmission and reception is similarly started. The multiplicity of diversity is the number of wireless base stations 30 that can communicate or the number of multiplicities that can be simultaneously transmitted and received in the mobile radio 150, that is, in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55
It depends on the number of n from -1 to 55-n or 56-1 to 56-n.

Furthermore, in the above explanation, it was assumed that the call traffic in the system was not busy, but the traffic condition was measured at each radio base station 30 or mobile radio device 5°, and if the traffic gradually improved, , the degree of multiplicity of diversity is sequentially limited, and at the busiest time, the degree of multiplicity is 1, that is, there is no diversity. However, by differentiating the reduction of multiplicity depending on the type of communication being carried out (voice, data, facsimile, etc.), it becomes possible to perform systematic processing such as making broadband communication less susceptible to multiplicity restrictions. The present invention has features such as being able to ensure good communication regardless of the type of communication.

(5) Explanation and theoretical basis for channel switching during a call and the diversity effect n-1 radio base stations 3o and one mobile radio device 50 are communicating using n-1 channels. During the process, if the quality of communication in one of the channels falls below a certain value, communication between another radio base station 30 that satisfies the certain communication quality and is not currently communicating is performed. Prior to switching to one channel (new channel) for communication, the switching receiving means and switching transmitting means are switched at a speed that does not affect the communication signal, and the switching receiving means and the switching transmitting means are switched at a speed that does not affect the communication signal.
The old channel and the new channel other than the two channels are temporarily sent and received in parallel, and during that time the quality of the new channel is investigated and if it is confirmed that it is above a certain level, the operation for channel switching is performed. The communication was completed using n-1 wireless channels including the new channel. Therefore, instantaneous communication interruptions due to channel switching are no longer caused. In addition, it is now possible to obtain the transmitting/receiving diversity effect even when channel cutting 8 is not performed.

FIGS. 18 to 11 show system configurations for explaining an example of this operation. This will be explained below with reference to these figures.

The mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) (hereinafter simply abbreviated as 50) has a synthesizer 55-1.55-2°..., 5
5- (n-1), wireless receiving circuit 68, and wireless transmitting circuit 6
6 using the wireless base station 30-1.30-2. −． 30-
(n-1> and communication channels CH1, CH2, -, C)
It is assumed that communication is in progress using -1(n-1). It is assumed that the mobile radio device 50 moves away from the radio base station 30-1 and approaches the radio base station 30-n. Then, as the relative distance between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-1 increases, the call quality begins to deteriorate, and the communication quality monitoring unit 56 of the mobile radio device 50 detects this (level 1). ). Note that even the level L1 is set so that the line exceeds the required value.

Mobile radio 150 requests all radio base stations 30 in the vicinity to measure the quality of the transmitted signal of mobile radio 50. In response to this request, each radio base station 30 that is not currently communicating with the mobile radio 50 reports the measured value to the mobile radio@50.

In this case, the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna of the own mobile radio device 50 is transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, 30-2, . -,
30- While continuously transmitting a call signal addressed to <n-1>, uplink (from mobile radio device 50 to radio base station 30)
The control channel (Ct-150) allows base stations 30-1.
30-2. ..., 3O-(n-1) (for example, 30-n>), the downlink (from the radio base station 30 to the mobile radio 50) control channel (CH50 ) to request a response.

The contents of the control signal sent from the mobile radio device 50 include the signals shown below.

i> ID of mobile radio device 50.

ii) Partner wireless base station 30-1.30 currently being called
-2. -, 30- (n-1> ID and reception quality.

1ii) Channel number currently in use.

iv) Type of communication (telephone, fax, data, etc.).

■) Service type.

A control signal including such content is received by a plurality of nearby wireless base stations 30.

That is, except when communicating with another mobile radio, these radio base stations 30 are on standby for reception on a control channel determined by each system (for example, CH50>), and each radio It is received by the base station 30. At the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 36 installed in each radio base station 30 that receives the communication quality is inspected, and if the quality is above a certain level, the ID of the mobile radio 150 of the other party is detected. Wireless base station 3
0 in the ID identification storage unit 34 and the control unit 3
Notify 8. The contents of this notification include the following:

a) ID of the mobile radio a50 that sent the message.

b) The partner wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. with which the mobile wireless device 50 is currently communicating. −． 30- (n-1) I
D.

C) Channel number in use.

d) Type of communication.

e) reception condition (S/N or C/N (carrier-to-noise ratio) or average bit error rate in the case of digital signals);

f) Service type.

Upon receiving this signal, the control unit 38 inspects the contents and
The communicable empty channels stored in the own radio base station 30-n are saved. As a result, if there is an empty channel that satisfies the type of service desired by the mobile radio device 50, and if it is determined that the communication quality is 1q, ensuring the required communication quality for a certain period of time even after channel switching, the mobile radio device 50 Station 3 Q-n decides to notify mobile radio 1150 of the reception status. To do this, first, the communication path control unit 21 of the gateway exchange 20 sends its own ID, the ID of the mobile radio@50 that sent it, and the radio base station 30-1, 30-2 of the other party with which it is communicating. ..., 3O-(n-1)
5WI of switch group 23.
-1, 1-2, 1-n are turned on at the same time, and the radio base stations 30-1, 30-n are also turned on.
-2. ..., 3O-(n-1> (hereinafter abbreviated as 30-1 etc.) requests transmission of the same call signal. However,
This operation can be omitted if the modulation format of the signal used in the wireless transmission path is a width modulation wave or shallow frequency modulation.

Next, the wireless base station 30-1 for the wireless base station 30-n
Regarding the transmission timing of the call signal in response to the same call signal transmission request, etc., the timing of transmission is determined depending on the receiving state of e). In other words, the reception condition is extremely good,
For example, if C/N = 406 [3 or more, transmit immediately, if C/N = 39 to 30 dB, transmit after 2 seconds, C/N = 2
According to the received C/N value according to the procedure established within the system, the transmission is performed after a certain period of time, such as after 4 seconds when the C/N is 9 to 20 dB, and after 6 seconds when the C/N is 19 to 15.
The replies are sent to the mobile radio device 50 at different timings. The reason for this timing is that other wireless bases 8
In order to prevent interference caused by simultaneous transmission of control signals with mobile radio device 30, mobile radio device 50 that receives control signals
This is to make it easier to select a wireless base station 30-n etc. with a good reception condition.

Now, the signal transmitted from the radio base station 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 includes the following contents.

1] Call signal: A call signal downstream from the barrier switch 20 to the mobile radio 50 (from a telephone in the telephone network 10 to the mobile radio 50).

This is a change from the current radio base 130-1 etc. to the mobile radio 15
This is exactly the same as the call signal being sent to 0. Furthermore, the modulation level of the signal wave performed by the modulator included in the transmitter 31 of the wireless base station 30-n is also set to be the same as that of the wireless base station 30-1 and the like.

2] Control signal: This includes the following signals.

2-1) ID of mobile radio device 50 received by own radio base station 30-n.

2-2) ID of own wireless base station 30-n.

2-3) A communication channel number that can be used by the own radio base station 30-n (without interference) and matches the service distinction and type of communication.

2-4) Reception status (reception C/N value, etc.).

The control signal containing such information transmitted by the wireless base station 30-n is received by the mobile wireless device 50.

The control unit 58 of the mobile radio device 50 has thus obtained information such as the C/N value sent from each radio base station 30-n, etc.
Now, when comparing these multiple pieces of information, wireless base station 3
If it is confirmed that the measurement result of 0-n has the best value and satisfies the quality standard level 12 or higher, provided that L2>Ll, then the mobile radio device 50 transmits the data to the radio base station 30-n.
It is determined that the vehicle has approached the vicinity of the communication zone of n (zone n),
Decide to switch channels.

Then, as a result of checking the ID and roam area information collation storage unit 54 to find out which communication channels are available in zone n, it is found that Char C)-In is available for use, as informed by the wireless base station 30-n. I know something. Therefore, by using an uplink control channel, the wireless base station 30 receives a control signal.
-n to perform transmission and reception on channel CHn, and also sends an instruction to the gateway switch 20 via the wireless base station 30-n to the switches 5W1-1 and 5W of the switch group 23.
In addition to W1-2.3W1- (n-'l), 5WI-n
are turned on at the same time, and also for the wireless base station 30-n, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2°..., 30-
(n-1>) requests to start transmitting the same call signal.

In response to these requests, the gateway switch 20 also turns on 5W1-n of the switch group 23, and switches on the wireless base station 30-n.
n starts transmitting a voice signal using communication channel n.

In this case, it goes without saying that the modulation depth of the modulator of the radio base station 30-n is also the same as that of the other radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.
30-3. −.

30- (same as n-1>).

In order to realize the transmission of this control signal, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, as shown in Fig. 2 (
As shown in a), the communication channel band is 0.3 to 3.0.
Low frequency f outside Kt-Iz. .

(e.g. about 100Hz) or high frequency f, 1°f
D2. fD3...fD8 (for example, 8 waves from 3.8KH2 to 4.5 to +-12 at intervals of 09IKH2, provided that n=8) is used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, control data, the wave number of the control frequency fDo" fD8 may be further increased, or a subcarrier format may be adopted. In this case, for example, the wave number of the control frequency fDo" fD8 may be increased. By applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one or more waves, more control data can be transmitted.

In addition, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and transmit both in time-separated format. ).

Figure 3 shows the timing before and after channel switching of this system shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C.
Show chart.

In FIG. 3 illustrating the channel switching operation, the wireless base station 30-1 indicates that the quality of the channel CHI used between the wireless base station 30-1 and the mobile wireless device 50 has decreased to a level of 1 or less. 1 or the communication quality monitoring unit 37 of the mobile radio device 50. Alternatively, the radio base station 57 detects this and begins preparations to enable the channel CI-(n to receive the transmitted radio waves from the wireless base station 30-n in parallel through the process described above.

However, the control section 58 of the mobile radio device 50 had previously controlled the synthesizers 55-1, 55-2, . ..., 55-(n-
1>, the wireless base station 30 using channel CH1
-1 transmission wave, channel CI (radio base station 30 by 2)
-2 transmission wave, . . . , from the state in which the radio base station 30- (ml-1> transmission wave is being received by channel CHn -1), the synthesizer 55-n is also operated, and the radio base station The synthesizer 55-n is made to generate a frequency that makes it possible to receive the transmission wave of the channel CHn transmitted from the station 30-n.

Thus, when communication with the radio base station 30-1 is about to be stopped due to a deterioration in the quality of the channel CHI being transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, the radio base station 30-1
Communication with channel CHn is started. That is, in the mobile radio device 50, the repetitive switching of the selector switch 64-1 receiving the switching drive input signal from the reception switching controller 65C is continued. At the same time, the synthesizer 56-1.56-2. . . , 56-(n-1> is activated, and the synthesizer 55- n is also operated to shift to a state where it can transmit to radio base station 3 Q-n using channel C1.1n.Synthesizers 56-1, 56-2, . . . , 56 used for this transmission -n
The output is repeatedly switched by the changeover switch 64-2 using a switching drive input signal from the transmission switching controller 67C.

During this switching transmission/reception period in which channels CH1 and Cth 2, . . .
This continues until the mobile radio device 50 confirms that the above is true, after which it releases the channel CHI and
0-2.30-3. ..., 30-n and mobile radio 150
Communication between channels CH2, C)-13,...
, CHn alone without interruption.

Changeover switch 64-1.6 during this switching transmission/reception period
The switching frequency f1 of 4-2 is determined to be, for example, 2n times or more the highest frequency included in the signal. This will be explained in detail below.

The optimum value of the switching frequency is determined by considering the following conditions.

1) Modulation format of the signal to be transmitted 2) Signal frequency band to be transmitted 3) Control frequency band to be transmitted 4) Band characteristics of the transmitter/receiver section, especially the band characteristics of the high frequency filter installed at the antenna input end 5) Waveform characteristics of switching controller 6) Response characteristics of frequency synthesizer 7> Frequency for carrier wave and number of channels used in the system 8) Radio wave propagation characteristics of transmission path 9) Transfer from barrier switch 20 via radio base station 30-1 Wireless has up to 50 signal transmission paths and a wireless system control device 20
For example, if 1) is frequency modulation and 2) is an audio signal, the transmission delay time difference is 0 due to the difference in the transmission path of the signal from to the mobile radio 150 via the radio base station 30-2.
．． 3 to 3.0K)-1z, 0.3K when using the out-of-band control signal shown in Fig. 2(a) as 3).
H2 or less (foo) or 3.8~4゜5 K l-1z
(f oi, t D2-f o8>. As the characteristic of 4), the passband width is 16Kf-1z (or 8KH
The synthesizer should be selected keeping in mind that the response characteristics of the synthesizer in 6) are good and the output waveform is good as the characteristics of z>, 5>, and the synthesizer to be used should be selected based on the input of the switching controller in 5). Therefore, a relatively rapid response characteristic is desired.

Items 7) to 9) are items to be considered from the system design perspective, but in the car phone system described as an embodiment of the present invention, item 7) is 900 Mt-lz and 600 channels, so the frequency bandwidth used is 15 MHz. (or 1
200 channel 15MH7), 8) are known in many documents, and 9) is about 0.03 msec.

Taking the above into consideration, for example, in a car telephone system, the switching frequency of the changeover switch 64-2 of the mobile radio 50 is selected to be approximately 20 x n MHZ.

The case of reception will be explained below. When the audio signal and the control signal are digitized as shown in FIG. 2(b), it is appropriate to use a faster frequency as the switching frequency, and a value of about nx20KH2 to 30KHz may be used.

Also, the channel Cl seen from the input section of the receiving MIG 4 Noro 3
-11, 2, 3, -, n -1, n (7)lfffl transmission frequency ω1. ω2. ..., ω. −1, ω. , and synthesizer 55-1.55-2. ..., 55- (
n-1>, the output frequencies of 55-n are respectively ω, 1.
ω, 2ωLn-1. ω,. Then, the wireless base station 30-
1.30-2・, 3O−(n−1>, 30−n The frequency of the carrier wave at the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier included in the receiving microphone 63 is, respectively, Ω1=ω1−ω[1(11) Ω2 =Sushi-wL2 (12)Ωn-1=
"n-1"Ln-1(1n-1)Ω =ω -ω,.
(1o)n In other words, by the operation of the changeover switch 64-1, the receiving section 53 receives Ω1 ""1 "Ll Ω2=")2-(IJL2 Ωn-1="n-1-(I)Ln Signal waves having carrier frequencies such as -1 Ω.=ω.-ω[n are input sequentially. Then, (11) and (12)...

(1,1> formula is Ω1→Ω2+... Ω.-1=Ω. (2>
There is a relationship between Such a signal is amplified in the receiving section and then demodulated in the demodulation circuit, but if there is a frequency difference between the n intermediate frequencies Ll L2 n-I Ln-1 ωn-ωLn, the demodulated output signal will be distorted. There are cases where noise is generated and cases where it is not. In other words, in the case of frequency modulation or phase modulation, if there is no frequency difference, no distortion noise will be generated, but if there is a frequency difference and the frequency difference (beat frequency) contains the same component as the signal frequency, distortion noise will not be generated. occurs, and does not occur if it is not included.

On the other hand, in the case of amplitude modulation, no distortion noise occurs even if there is a frequency difference. However, even in the case of amplitude modulation, if an intermediate frequency amplifier or the like has nonlinear characteristics, nonlinear distortion will occur due to harmonics, so it is necessary to use an amplifier with good linearity.

Reception mixer 63 of mobile radio device 50 as described above
CHl, CH2, ·, C)-1,1 and c+ at the input of
Even if the local oscillation frequency for -in is added cyclically and received, there is no communication problem, and from channel CH1 to channel CH.
It will be theoretically explained that the transition to n can be executed without any momentary interruption (noise mixing) and that there is a reception diversity effect.

First, a case where an angle modulated wave is used will be explained.

A data or audio signal (for signals in analog or digital format) can be expressed as:

Also, the control signal that exists outside the band is μ. (1)=, mind. , aHcos(ω, 1+θ1) where ai is the magnitude of the amplitude, ωi is the angular frequency of the signal, ai
represents the phase when 1=0. m.

n represents a positive integer.

Next, the case of frequency modulation will be explained, but the present invention is similarly applicable to phase modulation. When the carrier wave is frequency modulated using equation (3) or equations (3) and (4), the resulting modulated wave is: I= I□ Sin f (ω0μ(t)) dt=ro
sin (ωt+5(t)> (5) or I−I□ sin f (ω10μ(1)10μ.(t)
)' d 't=I□5in(ωt+5(t)+5o(
t)) (5') However, m・ =a・/ω・ (i=1.2.3...n) As a result, the equation (t)+5 in the sin of the right side of equation (5')
C(t) will represent the general form of the transmitted signal.

Now, using equation (5) or (5'), radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. −． 30- (n-1>, 30-
The signal transmitted from the mobile radio 1150 is input to the reception mixer 63 via the antenna of the mobile radio 1150, and the signal transmitted from the local oscillation frequency (
In the case of FIG. 1B, synthesizer 55-1.55-2.・
..., 55-(n-1), 55-n>, when mixed with
The input to the receiving unit 53 can be expressed as in the following equation using the same symbols as in equations (1) and (2). (However, the changeover switch 64-1 is in a stopped state).

I i= I□HS! n (ΩHt+5(t) +sc
i (t)><r=1.2. ..., n) Next, assume that the changeover switch 64-1 starts the changeover operation. In addition, wireless base station 3O-i (i=1.2...
, n), the audio signal s(t) and the control signal '5oi(
t) are sent to the mobile radio device 50.
As an input to the receiving unit 53, 1=(I01/l [
1+2Σ (n/mπ))m=1 xsin (mπ/n)CO3mpt]xsin (
Ω1 t+5(t) +5o1(t))+(Io2/n
)[1+2Σ (n/mπ)) m=1 xsin (mπ/n> XCO3rrl (t-27r/ (n C1>))
(Io3/n) [1+25. (n/ml)xsi
n (myr/n) xcos mp (t-4π/ (np) ) ]xs
in (Ω3t+sm +5C3(t)) ten...
・ + (I□o/n) [1+2i, (n/mπ〉)xs
in (mπ/n> xcosmp(t −2(n-1)yr/(np))]
×S group (Ω t+5(t)+s..([))However,
p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are equally spaced.

When the right side of equation (7) is transformed, it becomes the following equation.

1= (101/n> [sin (Ω1t + U
1 (t) )+(n/π)Sin(π/n> x[cos((C1p)]+L11(t))−c
os[(Ω1+p)t+u, (o ) ]+ (n/
3π) sin (3π/n) x [cos((C13p
)t+U1(1))-cos((Ω+ap>t+U
1(t))]] + (n15π) sin (5π/n) x [cos(
(C15p)t+U1 (t))-cos ((C
1-t 5p) t+Ll 1 is))] 10・
・・・・・・ ]+ (I0
2/n) [sin (C2t +U2m)+
(n/π)Sin(π/[]) x[cos((C2D) t+U2 (t) )-co
s ((C2+p) t+LI2 (t) ) ]+(
n/3π) sin (3π/rl)X[C03((C
23p) t+LJ2 (L) )-cos((C2-
+-3p> t+U2 (t))ko+(n15π)si
n (5π/n>x[cos((C25p)]+U2
(j))-cos((C2+5p)t+U2 (t)
) ]＋・・・・・・
]+ (I□, /n> [sin (Ω.t+Uo
(t))+(n/π) sin(π/[)) x[cos((Ω −D)t+U, (t))−cos[
(Ω.+p) to 10 u. (1))] + (n/3π)si
n (3π/n>x[cos((Ω.-ap>t+U
. (t))-cos((Ω +3p)t+tJn(t)
)]] + (n15π) sin (5π/n>x[cos(
(Ω −5D)t+U. (t))-cos((Ω +5
p) t+U. (1) ) ]] + −−−−−−] However, U・(t) =s(t) +s. 1(t) =
1.2. ..., n) Here, looking at equation (8), it is a combination of many carrier waves, so if it is demodulated after being amplified with an intermediate frequency amplifier, it will generally result in distortion due to cross modulation (interference). May generate noise.

Also, the amplitude of the input wave expressed by equation (8) l01 = I02
．． ..."on does not necessarily have the same amplitude, but when the time occupancy rate of switching is made equal (duty 100/n
%), because the wireless base station 30-2 is closer than the wireless base station 30-1, normally 1.1. ..., Io
o is larger. If the sizes of 10I-IO2 etc. are different, cross-modulation may occur. Above (8)
The cause due to the combination of many carrier waves shown in the formula and 101-
There are two types of cross-modulation generation factors, which are caused by different IO2 and the like.

Now, regarding cross-modulation caused by combining many carrier waves as shown in equation (8), distortion noise can be removed by the following method.

That is, there is a method of increasing the switching speed (period) of the changeover switch 64-1 to drive it out of the bandpass characteristic of the intermediate frequency amplifier. However, as already mentioned, in many cases where the switching frequency is set to 2n times or more the highest frequency of the signal, there is no need to make it any faster. By increasing the speed, m = 1 on the right side of equation (7).
As can be seen from equation (8), the term 3゜5... can be ignored in the intermediate frequency amplification stage, and (8)
The formula can be expressed as below.

1= (1/n> X I 01 sin (Ω1t+5(t) +s.1
(t)) + (1/n) X I02 sin (Ω2 to 15 (t) +5o2(
t) )+・・・・・・ +(1/n) X I ()n Sjn (Ωn-1t + s (t
) + 5cn(t) > In formula (9), Ω1=Ω2=...Ωn-1=Ω. =Ω (1
0) so2(t) =...= S Cn-1"
Suppose that it is possible to set = s on (t) = 0. In fact, equation (10> is technically possible by the means described later, and equation (11) can be achieved by the wireless base station 30-
1 (or from wireless base station 30 in the latter half of channel switching)
- only from n) If only the control signal to be transmitted is (11)
The formula holds true. Then, equation (9) can be transformed as follows.

I= (1/n) XIolSin(Ω15(t) +s.1(t))
-F(1/n)X (r02+I03+--+l01
)xsin(Ωt+5(t)) (12)
Equation (12) is transformed into the following equation.

+ 2 I 01 I oxcos 5o(t) )
”2xsin(Ω t-)S(t) 10 β(t)
> (13)X ((I01/ 1.)
+cos 5o(t) ) −']■n =IO2+■
03""""l0n(13") (13), (13') In equations Iol<< In (14) So
Since (t) << 1 (14'), equation (13) becomes approximately as follows.

I= (1/n) XISin(Ωt+5(t) +5C(t)) (15)
Looking at the formula, this is a switching reception diversity system with n-branch and 7 antennas, and after switching and receiving the signal,
As a result of performing so-called straight-line synthesis, the input electric field is low ■. 1 is ignored and synthesis is performed using an input signal with a high input electric field. If the duty of the reception changeover switch is made variable and the duty is increased for a channel with a large reception input, this effect will become more pronounced. Therefore, it has been revealed that the present invention has a receiving diversity effect.

From equation (14), the output of the frequency discrimination circuit (radio receiving circuit 6
8) is expressed by the following equation.

E=d/dt (s(t)+5o(t))=μ(1) 10μ. (1) where μ(1) and μ. (1) is (3) respectively
and (4).

Note that equation (14) is always satisfied in normal mobile communication systems and is not a particularly limiting condition.

It applies deep modulation to the main audio signal compared to the control signal, and shallow modulation to the control signal.Moreover, the depth of modulation added to the audio has recently decreased to an equivalent level of 1 to 1kHz (1KHz).
) signal is as shallow as 3.5 radians (if the carrier spacing is 1-12 in 25, or if the carrier spacing is 12°5 K I-I Z, it will be even shallower at <1.75 radians). It's for a reason.

From the above, it has been clarified that equations (10) and (14) are sufficient conditions for no distortion in the case of frequency modulation. The technical conditions for establishing equation (10) will be described below.

Technically, to do this, the radio base station 30-1.30
-2. −． 30-n transmitting units 31-1, 31-2.・・・
. , 31-n is achieved by increasing the frequency stability of the reference crystal oscillator which determines the stability of the carrier frequency.

For example, in the example of the car telephone system shown in (see below), the stability of the reference crystal oscillator installed at the base station is currently 0.
5~H) prrl (0,5~txio-6), so the frequency fluctuation of the carrier wave is 1xlO-6x 900)
IHz = 900112.

In this case, noise is just mixed into the audio signal band.

However, if o, oi ppm has become possible due to advances in technology, IX 1O-8X 900H1I
Z = 9 Hz, and even if there are harmonics of noise, there is less possibility that the large energy will mix into the signal band. Or if the carrier frequency is 9 M t-1z
In a wireless system using 1ppm carrier wave fluctuation, even with current technology, there is no noise contamination.

The case where the mobile radio device 50 receives is explained above, but the case where the mobile radio device 50 transmits will be explained next.

In FIG. 1B, the radio signals switched by the changeover switch 64-2 are, for example, radio channels Cl-11, Cl-11,
-12, . . , CI'(n) are sequentially switched, but the receiving side is the radio base station 30-1 (CHl).

30-2 (CI-12), . . . or cross-modulation when received separately at the radio base station 3O-n (Ct-1n>) and mixed as in the case of reception at the mobile radio device 50 side. There is no problem at all. However, as is clear from equation 8), there are components of the carrier angular frequency (Ω±no) as sidebands, so these are emitted into space and transmitted to other channels or , it is necessary to provide a band 1a filter at the transmission output section for filtering so as not to interfere with communications of other systems.

For this purpose, it is necessary to spread the equation (Ω±np) outside the frequencies of all channels transmitted by the mobile radio 50 as a switching frequency, and the car telephone system shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B used in the example Then, p/ (2π)>15XnMt-
It needs to be 1z.

This will be explained below using formulas. However, the characters used in the formula are the same as above unless otherwise specified. for example,
The transmission signal appearing at the output of the transmission mixer 61 in FIG. 1H is expressed by the following equation.

I=I□[1+2Σ (n/ml) m=1 xsin (myr/n)cosmpt]xsin
(Ω1t+5(t)+5o(t))+I□ [1+2
, E, (n/mπ) )XSin (m7r/n
＞xcos mp (t-2yr/ (r+p)) ]
xsin (Ω2 t+5(t) +5C(1))+I
O[1+2Σ(n/ml) m=1 xsin (mπ/n) xcos mp (t-4π/ (no)) ]xs
in (Ω3t+5(t)+som >+IO[1+2
Σ(n/mπ〉) m=1 xsin (mπ/n) xcos mp (t-2(n-1) yr/ (n
p) )xsin (Ωn+5(1)+5o(t)
)m=1.2,5. ...... However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

When equation (13) is transformed, an equation similar to equation (8) is obtained. When the equation 1q is passed through a band Vi filter having the function as described above, the following equation is obtained as an output signal.

1=I□5in(Ω1 t+5(t)+5o(t))+
Iosin(Ω2 t +s (t> + s c (
t) )+... +I(,5in(Ω t+5(t) +s.(t)) In the above equation, the first term on the right side is for the wireless base station 30-1, and the second term is for the wireless base station 30-1.
The term is for the same 30-2, and the F-th term is for the same 30=, and each signal has the same mathematical expression as in the case of normal frequency modulation transmission.

Therefore, the uplink signal of channel Cl-11 is sent to the radio base station 30.
-1. The upstream signal of channel Cl-12 is received by 30-2, and the upstream signal of channel C (n) is received by 30-n. These received signals are demodulated and sent to barrier switch 20.
and other necessary devices.

Alternatively, the wireless base station 30-1 is
In the case of having the configuration shown in the figure, the uplink signal of channel CH1 is transmitted and received by radio base station 30-1 ti190-1. The upstream signal of channel Cl-12 is transmitted and received by channel 30-1 190-
2. In the following order, the upstream signal of channel C)-1n is the same as 30-
After being received and demodulated by one transmitter/receiver 90-n, the signals may be mixed and transmitted to a necessary device such as the barrier exchange 20.

As is clear from the above description, by using the multiplex transmission method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a signal diversity effect in the receiving section.

In barrier exchange ta20, wireless base station 30-1.30-2
．． . . , behind the ng signal from 30-n, for the audio signal, the radio base station 30-1.30=2. ...,
Mix the signals from 30-n. In addition, when mixing,
Since the signals from the wireless base stations 30-2.3C)-3°..., 30-n have better transmission quality than 30-1,
They may be mixed as is, or may be mixed with an output proportional to S/N.

In other words, a reception diversity effect is obtained.

The transmitting/receiving diversity effect of the present invention has been described above, and a method for increasing the effect will be described in detail below.

First, regarding reception diversity, in the sequential switching method described above, each synthesizer 55- of the changeover switch 64-1
1.55-2. ... +55-n connection durations (duty times) are set to be equal. However, this is not always necessary; rather, the diversity effect will increase if the wireless channel is connected for a relatively long period of time to a radio channel that provides a reception input with a good S/N ratio. For this purpose, a part of the receiving section is synchronized with the changeover switch 64-1 to detect the signal-to-noise ratio at that time, and the υ+m section 58 detects the signal-to-noise ratio at that time.
This will cause the reception switching to i,! By changing the frequency of the output of the I controller 65C, the above objective can be achieved. Although this is possible with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, in order to make the explanation technically easier, the configuration shown in FIG. 1G will be described below.

The difference in this figure from FIG. 1B is that the radio receiving circuit 68
Apart from this, a C/N measurement receiving section 52 and a receiving mixer 73 are provided.
, and a changeover switch 64-3 are installed, and the changeover switch 64-3 is controlled by the control unit 58B. The operation shown in FIG. 1G will be explained below.

In the figure, a reception mixer 73 is installed at the front stage to operate the C/N measuring reception section 52. A portion of the reception signal received by mobile radio 1150B is added to reception mixer 73. The output from the changeover switch 64-3 is added as the local oscillation frequency to the reception mixer 73. However, this changeover switch 64-3 does not need to be switched at a high speed like the other changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, and a low speed of, for example, about 10 Hz is sufficient.

When the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N measurement receiving section 5
The C/N value of channel C [11 measured in
Communicate to B. Next, when the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-2, the C/N of channel C)-12 is measured. In the following order, when the output of the synthesizer V'755-n is turned on, the C/N of channel CHn is measured and transmitted to the control section 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65G and the transmission switching controller 67C so that they each operate at a speed inversely proportional to the C/N, for example.

In order to enable the above operation, it is necessary to make some changes to the method of transmitting signals from each of the radio base stations 30, which will be explained below.

Now, if the above-mentioned formula (9) is shown above, I=, Σho, 5in(Ωit 1・1 - 5(t)+s・(t)> (9)(i=1
．． 2. ..., n) In equation (9), the control signal transmitted from each radio base station 30 includes the ID of the radio base station 30, and this ID is used to change the duty of the above-mentioned changeover switch. Since oi−O <r=1.2. ..., n) I can't leave it alone. Therefore, in this case (10
) holds true, but the equation corresponding to equation (12) is as follows.

■ = Fortune I HSjn (Ω = 15 (t) + S ・(t) > (17) In formula (17), each S. Since 1 (t) is sufficiently small compared to 1, in formula (15) The following equation is approximately obtained as the corresponding equation.

) = i Sin (Ωt + 5(1), Σ5
oi(t) ) (18) is demodulated,
In order to extract the control signal transmitted from each radio base station 30, it is possible to filter the control signal using a filter by making the frequency components of the signals included in 5oi(t) different.

Therefore, by measuring the C/N of each radio channel, adding the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent the signal, and sending it to the control unit 58B, the 11 control unit 58B
Then, the duty time for receiving (or transmitting) for each radio channel, that is, for each radio base station 30, is expressed as C/
It becomes possible to determine it in relation to the N value.

In order to achieve the above effects with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, the receiving section 53 shown in FIG. ...
, the control signal s (t) transmitted from 3Q-n
, 5o2(t)..., so, (t), each of which is equipped with means for monitoring communication quality such as measuring the signal-to-noise ratio. That's fine. Then, this measured value is reported to the control unit 58, and the changeover switch 64-1 is operated with a switching duty according to the signal-to-noise ratio.

By operating the receiving section 53 of the mobile radio device 50 as detailed above, it is possible to increase the transmitting and receiving diversity effect.

Next, a method for further increasing the reception diversity effect will be explained. FIG. 1F-1 shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50C in this case.

In Fig. 1H, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio device 50C is divided into n+1 equal parts at the antenna input section, and each is divided into radio reception circuits 68-1.68-2°..., 68-n and interference detection. It arrives at the container 62. Each radio receiving circuit 6
For 8-1 to 5 F3-n, each receive Miku + J6
3-1.63-2. ..., 63-n, receiving section 53-1
．． 53-2. . . . #J3n is provided, and local oscillation frequencies from synthesizers 55-1, 55-2, . . . Ru. Therefore, in the configuration of FIG. 1H, there is no reception changeover switch 64-1, and it is possible to constantly receive and demodulate the signals of the wireless channels 0f-11, Cl-12, -, and Ct-In.

Moreover, the output signals of these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n are as follows.
A part is sent to the control unit 58C, and a part is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 58C.
7-1.57-2. . . , 57-n, the communication quality of each wireless channel is monitored, and the results are sent to the control unit 5.
8G, and the outputs of the receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n are added to the signal mixing circuit 62, where they are subjected to processing similar to that of a normal diversity receiver (in this case, synthesis after detection). and is sent to the telephone section 59.

By adopting the circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 11-1, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect.

As is clear from the above description, the operation of the present invention is to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel by measuring the transmission frequency of the mobile radio device 50 at the radio base station 30, and to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel. By setting and using the transmission channel of the wireless base station to communicate with after channel switching on a compatible frequency, you can avoid call interruptions or cross-modulation caused by channel switching! It is characterized by the removal of sound.

Next, the method of using the control signal, which plays an important role in channel switching during a call according to the present invention, will be explained.

In the following description, it is assumed that the configuration shown in FIG. 1B is used.

Wireless base station 30-1.30-2. , 30-n to channels Ct-11, Cti2 . A case will be explained in which the mobile radio transmits to 50 using Cl-In.

When the aforementioned channel switching preparation operation is completed, the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives the radio base station 30-1.3.
0-2. −． Channel CH1, Cl-1 from 30-n
2, . . , Ct-In, which are sequentially switched by the changeover switch 64-1 in the mobile radio [50] and are selectively received.

Further, since the changeover switch 64-2 also starts operating, the transmission wave from the mobile radio FM 50 also starts to be switched and transmitted.

Here, from the barrier switch 20 to each wireless base station 30-1 to 30-3,
The difference between each route to the mobile radio 50 km via 0-n (
(within 1 OKIn), the delay time difference is at most 0.0
Since the time is 3 msec or less, there is no problem with the operation and it can be ignored. In addition, 6 wireless base stations 30-2.30-
3. −． The downlink signal from 30-(n-1) is only a voice signal, but the wireless base stations 30-16 and 30-n
In addition to the voice signal, the downlink signal from Since it is inserted in the form of a signal, the radio reception circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives it and transfers it to the control unit 58.

The control unit 58 identifies this signal, and under the control of the control unit 58 initially uses the channel switching command signal from the wireless base station 30-1 and the subsequent call using the channel CI-1n from the wireless base station 3Q-n. The wireless transmission circuit 6 confirms that the signal and ID signal are sent and that the signal quality is good.
8 outside the band of the uplink communication signal, this confirmation item is communicated to the communication channel CHn for the radio base station 30-n to the gateway exchange 20 via the radio base station 30-n.

Since the barrier switch 20 received notification that the downlink communication between the wireless base station 30-n and the mobile wireless device 50 is working well, the communication path control unit 21 switches the switch SWI' of the switch details 23. -1, 1-2,...

Among 1-n, only 5W1-1 is turned off. - On the other hand, the mobile radio device 50 stops transmission to the radio base station 3o-1, stops the operation of the synthesizer 55-1 of the mobile radio device 50, and stops the operation of the selector switch 64-1 (see FIG. 1B). )
Synthesizer 55 2゜55-3. ..., 55-n
to perform a cyclic switching operation.

These conditions are illustrated in FIG.

Next, from the mobile radio 50, the channel C1-11,0to1
2.・No g using CHn! Base station 30-1゜30
-2. . . , 30-n will be explained.

In the mobile radio 150, the reception switching controller 65C and the transmission switching controller 67G are activated according to instructions from the control unit 58 within the mobile radio 150, and the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2 are in operation. synthesizer 55
1 * 55 2 m...

55-n and 56-1.56-2. ....

56-n output to channel CH1, Cl-1.
2,...,C)-1n are being sequentially switched and received (
Figure 1B). During this operation, the signals sent to the communication channel include, in addition to the communication signal, an out-of-band control signal (see Figure 2).
As a)), the state of the channel used by the mobile radio 50 (
Channel CH1, Cl-12°-, C)-1n to CH[
nonel Cl-12,C)-13,-, C[・1n), the identification ID of the mobile radio 150, etc. (for example, fDl and may be combined with ID3, etc.) is added.

The uplink signal of channel C++i received by the radio base station 30-i (i=1.2...,n) is transmitted to the radio base station 3
After it is demodulated by the receiving unit 53 of O= and it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the demodulated voice signal or out-of-area signal, the barrier switch 2
Transferred to 0. In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base station 30
-1.30-2. ....

Among the n signals from the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, . . . , 30-n, the audio signals are mixed. In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base station 3
0-1.30-2. −． Among the n signals of radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 30-
The identification signals transmitted outside the voice band added by radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, .
..., channel Cl-11,C)-1 from 3Q-n
2,..., confirm that the signal is from CHn.

In the barrier exchange 120, it is confirmed that the channel switching operation during the call is progressing smoothly, and the control unit 38 of the mobile radio device 50
channel C via wireless base station 3 Q-n.
)-I n, the channel C with the wireless base station 30-1
)-11, and wireless base station 30-2.3
0-3. −． It is reported that it is possible to concentrate on communication with 30-n.

In the mobile radio device 50 that has received this control signal, the control unit 5
8, synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1
The operation of the synthesizer 55-2, 55-3, .
. . , 55-n are operated in a circular manner, and the transmission channel selection switch 64-2 includes synthesizers 56-2, 56-3, . . . . commands t J 6 ' to continue the cyclic switching operation.

As a result, the mobile radio 50 changes the previous channel CI.
-11 to end the communication with the wireless base station 30-1,
Wireless base station 30-2.30-3. ....

30-n and channels Cl-12 and Cl-13, respectively.
. . . , the communication state is entered using Cl-In.

With this, channel switching is completed, and a state in which communication is being performed using the new wireless channel group is realized. The uplink channel and downlink channel switching operations described above are performed in parallel and end at approximately the same time.

As is clear from the above description, there is no instantaneous interruption during channel switching, and noise can be kept to a low level that poses no practical problem.

If a malfunction or non-operation occurs during any of the above operations, the operation must be restarted from the previous operation. In addition, when the operational failure is large, the control unit 58
It also includes an operation for selecting a communication channel before switching operation, which is stored in a memory section built into the device.

78 through 7E are flow charts showing the flow of operation of the system shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C.

Gateway exchange 20. Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2,...
, 30-n and the mobile radio 50 start operating, and the switch 5W of the switch group 23 included in the barrier exchange 20
I-1, 1-2, . . . , 1-(n-1) are on, and the radio base stations 30-'1, 30-2. -, 30- (n
-1) is communicating with mobile radio [50]. This communication includes channels C1-11, C1-12, . . . instructed by the control unit 58 included in the mobile radio device 50.
C) −1−(n−1>downlink frequency r1.r:2.・
. . , Fn-1 and upstream frequency f1. f2. ...,fo
-1 is used (S101, Figure 7A).

Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. ....

30-(n-1> constantly issues a reception status report from the mobile radio device 50, and if deterioration in communication quality is discovered, it is immediately reported to the mobile radio device 50 (3102>
. In response to this, the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio 150 (S103) monitors whether the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (3104>.If the call quality has deteriorated below level L1). If (3104YES)
), the control unit 58 selects wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3, . , 30-n, etc., whereas the wireless base stations 30-1.30-2.30-3. −．
3O-(n-1> and the mobile radio 150.
figure).

Each of the surrounding wireless base stations 30 (for example, 3O-n) that has received the monitor reception instruction monitors and receives the signal of frequency f1 (3106), and reports the result to the communication quality monitoring unit 57G of the mobile radio device 50 (3107). .3108), measure and compare the two reception qualities from each radio base station 30, and determine whether, for example, the call quality of radio base station 3Q-n is at a certain standard level L.
2 is detected (S109YES).

If the communication quality is not good (NO in 3109), the process returns to step 5105 and other wireless base stations 30 are made to perform monitor reception.

Therefore, the control unit 58 controls whether the mobile radio device 50 is connected to the radio base station 30 or
5110, and the seventh
In order to switch to communication with the wireless base station 30-n, the wireless base station 30-n searches for an empty channel that can be used (5111), and as a result, the channel CHn
is determined (S112). The control unit 58 controls the mobile radio device 5
The base station 30-n instructs the radio base station 30-n to prepare for communication on the channel CHn through the transmitter 51-n and the receiver 53-n of the base station 0 (S113).

A communication preparation command for using this channel CHn is sent to the radio base station 30-n, and preparations for communication using the channel C1-1n are made (S114). The mobile radio 1150 is
Preparation to enable communication via channel CHn, that is, the control unit 58 instructs the synthesizer 1 noisers 55-n and 56-n to receive frequency " and transmit at frequency f0, and also performs switching. The controller 65 enters a switching operation (3115, FIG. 7D).

When ready to communicate using channel CI-1n,
The radio base station 3 Q-n notifies the mobile radio 50 of the completion of preparation using channels C) to 1n.
116), and at the same time, the radio base station 30-") sends the radio base station 30-" to the gateway switch 20 via channel CHn.
- Outputs a report that communication preparations have been completed between n and the mobile radio device 50 (S116).

When the gateway exchange 20 confirms the completion of communication preparation between the radio base station 30-n and the mobile radio t150 using the channel C)-I n (S117), the switch 5W1-1.1 of the switch group 23 -2. ..., 1-(n-1> remains on and switch 5W1-n is also turned on (
3118). Therefore, the communication path control unit 21 included in the barrier switch 20 controls the mobile radio 1150 by controlling the mobile radio 5.
0 (5119). □ Upon receiving the communication start possibility report, the radio base station 30-n sends a communication start signal to the mobile radio device 50 using channel CI-I n <3123>. The mobile radio device 50 uses an ID, which is an identification signal for identifying the radio base station 30-n.
The signal confirms the start of communication using channel CHn (5124), and at the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio device 50 measures the quality level of communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-n. , when it is detected that the quality level is at a certain level 2 or higher (S125YES, Figure 7E)
, instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop communication using channel Cl-11 between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio 50 (S126). by this,
The radio base station 30-1 turns off communication using channel C111 (3127).

When the mobile radio 50 confirms that the communication via channel CH1 has stopped (3129>), the operation of the synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 is stopped, and the changeover switch 64-1 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 55-1. However, the selector switch 64-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (although this operation is not necessarily required).
Then, the channel CH2,C)-13,=,Ct-1n is operated.

Gateway switch 20 confirmed that communication with channel Cl-11 had stopped.
The communication path control unit 21 of the switch 5W of the switch group 23
1-2.1-3. −． 1-n remains on and switch 5WI-1 is turned off (8128).

This ends the period of channel switching operation and switches 5W1-2.1-3. ..., 1-n in the on state, channels Cl-12, 0H3, ..., C)-In downlink frequency F2, r'=3. ..., Fo uplink frequencies f2- f3-..., fo, the mobile radio device 50
are wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.・, between 30-n and -Shun's disconnection, too! High-quality communication can be continued without any sound being mixed in, and with the transmission/reception diversity effect (S130).

(6) Estimation of moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and call channel allocation method for traffic congestion countermeasures Mobile radio equipment 5
It is possible to detect the traveling direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 by measuring and comparing changes in received electric fields or communication quality received by a plurality of radio base stations 30 communicating with the mobile radio device 50.

These will be explained below using FIG. 8.

In FIG. 8, 16 circles each indicate small zones 71 to Z16 within the service area, and radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, . ..., 30
-16 etc. indicate the areas where communication is possible. The mobile radio device 50 currently communicating is within zone Z6 and is connected to the radio base station 30-2.30-3.30-5.30-
Assume that communication is being performed with seven stations 6.30-7.30-10.30-11 using diversity. Assuming that the mobile radio device 50 is moving in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8, the seven radio base stations that are receiving the transmission signal from the mobile radio device 50 are each measuring the received electric field or reception quality. and these values are collected into the mobile radio 50. By comparing these measurement results, the mobile radio device 50 estimates the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 using the following method.

First, it can be estimated that the direction of movement is toward the wireless base station (30-7 in Figure 8) where the observed input received electric field level changes most rapidly.This is a highly reliable result. In order to get (For cars 3
By dividing the measurement time into intervals (~10 seconds) and measuring between them, it is possible to eliminate variations in the measured values. In FIG. 8, when the measurement results obtained by 1q in this way are expressed in order from the wireless base station 30 with the largest increase in the input electric field, for example, 30-7>30-11>30-3, and the decrease in the input electric field is as follows. If expressed in order from the radio base station 30 with the largest number, it would be as follows: 30-6>30-10>30-2>36-5.

Furthermore, the moving speed can be estimated by comparing it with the radio wave propagation curve obtained from the radio wave propagation characteristics.

By using the above measurement results, the destination of the mobile radio device 50 is estimated, and the communication traffic situation of the destination wireless base station 30 is investigated. It becomes possible to reduce the number of radio base stations 30 with which to communicate depending on the type of communication of the mobile radio device 50. Next, when a 1-RAHIC wide-spread condition extends not to one zone but to multiple zones, it is necessary to take countermeasures against congestion over a wide area. This is a phenomenon that occurs in car phone systems, etc. in the city center of Obekai, and is
-6.30-7. and 30-11 are in a traffic clear state. Application of the present invention in this regard will be explained in detail.

Assume that a mobile radio 50a is present in zone Z11, moving in the direction of the arrow, and transmitting a calling signal. This calling signal is collected to the mobile radio t150a, and the communication channel to be assigned is determined. However, when the traffic width is not equal, the radio base station 30-6.30-7.30-
10.30-11゜30-12.30-14.30-1
5 etc. is allocated (diaperity transmission and reception is performed). However, if traffic is congested in the above three zones (Z6, 7.11>), channels 30-6, 30-7 and 30-11 will not be allocated. The wireless base station 30 with the best quality is naturally 30-11, but
Not assigned due to the above reasons. If the multiplicity of diversity is the above fourfold (,30-10,30-12,3
0-14°3O-15) is insufficient, the mobile radio device 50a can estimate the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio device 50a.
Assign channels to be used in 0-8 and 30-16. Therefore, although mobile radio 1635 and Oa are located in zone Z11, they start communicating with radio base stations 30-8 and 30-16, which are somewhat far away.

By applying the channel allocation described above, it becomes possible to take measures against congestion in areas with high traffic density, which could not be solved using conventional system technology.

(7) Location registration method and operation of making/receiving calls while moving at high speed of a mobile radio device Explaining operations such as location registration, making/receiving calls, etc. when the mobile radio device related to the present invention is mounted on a car and moving at high speed. do.

As mentioned above, a specific system example to which the present invention is applied is as follows.
It is based on the use of a small zone or microcell structure. The size of the small zone or microcell was approximately 3 to 5 floors in radius for car phone systems, and 25 to 100 meters in radius for mobile phone systems. When mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> moves within these zones, a necessary condition for ensuring communication is ensuring the required signal-to-noise ratio necessary for transmission and reception.

To explain this in more detail, the mobile radio device 50 (
B, C, D> are relatively small within the communication time, while the received field strength is lower than the mobile radio 50 (B
, C, D>, it is a desirable condition for ensuring communication if it does not vary greatly throughout the distance traveled.

Using another expression, one wireless base station 30 (B, C
) is the service area of mobile radio Ml (B, C, D
It is sufficient that the travel distance is relatively large compared to the travel distance in the communication time of >.

However, if the communication time of the mobile radio equipment (B, C, D) is long or the size of the service area of one radio base station 30 (B, C) is relatively small, the above-mentioned call may occur. It was necessary to switch the medium channel, etc.
No other measures, such as those described below, were necessary. In the case of a car phone, the size of the service area of one wireless base station 30 (B, C) and the distance traveled by a car during a call during normal business hours satisfy desirable conditions for ensuring communication. However, if a portable mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) using a microcell, which will be described below, is brought into a car and attempted to be used for communication, a difficult problem is encountered.

In other words, in the mobile phone system as described in the following document 9, ``Study of mobile phone system - Focusing on radio line control and routing, IEICE communication system% formula%%'' Mobile radios (mobile radios) are usually carried by people and are designed to be used for calls while walking.Therefore, the service area of one mobile phone master device (the radio base station of the present invention) is Even if the radius of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) is about 25 m, the walking speed of a person is about 100 m/min at most, and the service and
Since the size of the area and the distance traveled by the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) during the call time are balanced,
There are no particular technical difficulties in carrying out the communication.

However, when a mobile phone is mounted on a moving object, such as a white train, which travels a long distance within a unit time compared to the large serrations of microcells, the required signal pair required for transmission and reception is reduced due to the faster moving speed of the moving object. In some cases, the noise ratio cannot be obtained, and various problems as described below occur, and technical measures different from those already described are required.

First, in the location registration, the above-mentioned Figures 4A and 4B
To explain with reference to the figure, i> The location registration operation start signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is received from the nearest radio base station 30 (B).

C) cannot be received.

ii) The location registration signal transmission permission signal from the nearest wireless base station 30 (B, C) is transmitted to the mobile wireless device 50 (B.

Cannot receive on C, D>.

iii) The location registration signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) cannot be received by the nearest radio base station 30 (B, C).

iv) The registration completion signal from the nearest radio base station 30 (B, C') cannot be received by the mobile radio Ia 50 (B, C, D).

Among the above mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>), judging from the speeds of the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>).

State i) occurs where the speeds of C and D) are greatest, followed by ii) and iii), and i
Condition v) will occur at the lowest speed. This is because the operations in each step of FIGS. 4A and 4B were executed, and reception became impossible at the final stage.

A case in which such an inconvenient phenomenon occurs due to high-speed movement is called a high-speed movement mode, and a mode in which the movement speed does not cause an obstacle is called a low-speed movement mode.

Next, the origination of a call from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> will be explained using FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B mentioned above).

i) The off-hook signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) cannot be received by the radio base station 30 (B, C) closer to R.

ii) The call response signal from the nearest wireless base station 30 (B, C) cannot be received by the mobile wireless device 50 (B, C, D>).

iii) Before moving! ! 150 (B, C, D) is sent to the nearest wireless base station 30 (B, C, D).
, C) cannot be received.

iv) The channel switching completion signal of the nearest wireless base station 30 (B, C) has moved! ! Jl radio 50 (B, C,
Cannot receive with D>.

■) The mobile N-line device 50 (B, C, D>) cannot receive the dial-up signal from the nearest wireless base station 30 (B, C).

vi) The dial signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) cannot be received by the nearest radio base station 30 (B, C).

Among the above mobile radio devices 50 (Judging from the magnitude of the moving speed of B, C, D>, the speed is the highest i)
The state occurs, then ii) , iii >, i
v>, v), and vi) gradually occur at lower speeds in this order. Note that situations v) and vi) can be remedied by channel switching technology during a call, but
I've listed this as an issue here.

To roughly explain the incoming call to the mobile radio device 50 ([3, C, D) using the above-mentioned Figs. The call signal cannot be received by mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D).

ii) The communication channel designation signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) cannot be received by the radio base station 30 (F3.C).

iii) The switching approval/disapproval signal from the radio base station 30 (B, C) to the designated channel is sent to the mobile radio device 50 (B).

C, D) cannot be received.

iv) The channel switching report from the mobile radio [50 (B, C, D)] cannot be received by the radio base station 30 (B, C).

vi) The off-hook signal of the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> cannot be received by the radio base station 30 (B, C).

Among the above, judging from the magnitude of the moving speed of the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D), the i
) occurs, then ii>, iii>,
iv), v), and vi) gradually occur at lower speeds in this order. By the way, situations v) and vi) can be remedied by channel switching technology during a call,
I've put it here just in case.

Further, channel switching during a call will be explained using the above-mentioned Figures 78 to 7E: i) Wireless base station 3
Mobile radio device 50 reports the discovery of communication quality deterioration from 0-1.
<B, C, D) cannot be received.

Although I was able to receive the report of the discovery of communication quality deterioration for ii>i>,
Frequency f to wireless base stations 30 around wireless base station 30-1
Despite issuing the instruction to receive the monitor in step 1, it was not possible to receive the report of the monitor results.

iii) Despite receiving the monitoring result in ii) and instructing the radio base station 30-n to use channel CI-1n, no response signal is received from the radio base station 30-n.

iv) It is not possible to confirm that communication with the wireless base station 30-1 is off.

Of the above, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> movement)
Judging from the magnitude of J velocity, state i) occurs where the velocity is greatest, and ii), iii).

In the order of iv), the rate of occurrence gradually decreases.

However, i) of the above also applies to mobile radio equipment 50 (B,
C, D> In a system in which communication quality is also monitored by itself, there is no problem even if reception becomes impossible. Therefore, it is assumed that the system described below performs this monitoring.

Now, the operation of the present invention for ensuring communication when the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D> , C, and D, depending on the movement speed, wide area call mode and high-speed movement mode.

It can be subdivided into three modes: a mode corresponding to the low-speed movement mode.

First, the wide area call mode will be explained. This is a mode in which sufficiently reliable communication cannot be ensured even if the method of the present invention is applied because the mobile phone is moving too fast. If the system is properly configured, this mode will not actually occur, as will be explained later.

A mode similar to a low-speed movement mode is a normal movement mode (low-speed movement mode) in which the movement speed is relatively low even though it is moving at high speed, or the system configuration is constructed to withstand high-speed movement. This is a case where system operation is technically almost the same. Therefore, there are no particular technical problems with this mode, and communication is possible with the system operation shown in the embodiments of the present invention already described in 3ffi.

Now, let's build a system using mobile radio 150 in high-speed movement mode.
(It is important to take measures to ensure good communication with B, C, and D>.Hereinafter, the transmission power of the radio equipment included in this system will be explained in the above-mentioned document (9) "Mobile phone Study of methods - Focusing on wireless line control and routing - Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Communication Systems Study Group C387-161987
(May 2015), we will explain a system construction method suitable for high-speed mode.

First, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) enters the high-speed movement mode on the road.The radio wave propagation characteristics on the road are usually better than indoors.

In addition, a wireless base station 30 installed on a pole along the road, etc.
(B, C) are mainly mobile radio devices 50 (
B, C, D>, and therefore, the directivity of the antenna is to direct the main beam to a long and narrow plane along the path. That is, in order to constitute a small zone, the area does not need to be circular, which is the usual area, but may be oval or fan-shaped. Then, the same wireless base station 30 (B
Even with the transmission power of ,C), it is possible to communicate over a relatively long distance in a single-vis area.When the transmission power is 10mW and it is in a circular zone, the maximum radius is 200m outdoors. In the case of an ellipse, it is possible to create a service area with a radius of about 300 to 400 meters along the long sleeve.

This is illustrated in FIG. 14. In Fig. 14), it is assumed that there is a mobile radio device 50' (B, C, D) in high-speed movement mode at point A or point B on the road. In both cases, the vehicle is moving at high speed to the right.

Also, point PO-P3 in FIG. L1. L2. QO～Q
2 is a wireless base station 30 installed on a pillar facing the road.
The positions of (B, C) are shown. Furthermore, the small zones surrounded by broken lines are PO, Pi, P2, P3. One novice area of the radio base station 30 ([3,C) provided at the positions Ll and L2 is shown.

Next, the operation related to the high-speed movement mode of barrier exchange 1!20 shown in FIG. 1A will be explained. As already explained about the function of this barrier exchange 120, the ID identification storage unit 24 of the barrier exchange 4120 stores many wireless base stations 3.
0 (B, C) and mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

In other words, the wireless base stations 30 (B, C) along the walkway are the wireless base stations 30 (B, C) installed elsewhere.
) is stored in the ID identification storage unit 24 of the barrier switch 20 for low-speed mode, as well as for mobile radio 50 (B, C) in high-speed movement mode.

In case D) appears, a wireless base station 30 suitable for communicating with the mobile wireless LiQ device 50 (B, C, D) in high-speed movement mode and a wireless base station 30 along the road as the (B, C) group is installed. (B, C) (referred to as high-speed mobile mode wireless base stations) only and has a function of identifying and recording them. The radio base station for high-speed movement mode is a mobile radio device 50 (B, C) in high-speed movement mode.

If D> does not appear in the vicinity, or if call traffic is quiet, the normal wireless base station 30 (B, C
), but when mobile radio 50 in high-speed movement mode (B, C, D> appears), barrier switch 2
0 or has the function of exclusively communicating with the mobile radio 4150 (B, C, D>) in high-speed movement mode according to instructions from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D).

Therefore, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C
, D>, the gateway switch 20 connects the high-speed mobile mode radio base station 30 that is communicating
(B, C) as well as the surrounding high-speed mobile mode wireless base stations 50 (B, C).
, C, D) are monitored and received, and the measurement results are reported to the barrier exchange 20. Gateway exchange 2
0, compare these and estimate the speed (speed, direction) of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) in high-speed movement mode,
The results are transferred to this mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

D) Radio base station 30 for high-speed movement mode in the direction of travel
Notify (B, C). As a result, the mobile radio 50 (B, C,
Even if D) is moving at high speed, it is possible to secure communication. Depending on the system, the mobile radio 50 (B) in high-speed movement mode may also be used.

C, D> or not, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, -
D) or the radio base station 30 for high-speed movement mode (B.

It is also possible to have C) make the decision.

Below, a mobile radio device 50 in high-speed movement mode (B.

An example of the location registration and call/call operations of C and D> will be explained using specific numerical values.

It is assumed that the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) are installed in a car, and the vehicle speed of the car is 110 KIIt per hour.

Although this speed is quite high and can be considered as the speed on a highway, the system according to the present invention adopts this value in order to allow some leeway in the design.

The above value corresponds to 30 m/s.

When a car at this speed moves through the oval zone in Figure 14, it takes 3°Omx2 /
It can be seen that it takes 30m = 20 seconds. However, since it is unknown from which position in the small zone the location registration and calls from mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D> are made), for example, if they are started at point A in FIG. , immediately moves to an adjacent zone, and communication with the high-speed movement mode wireless base station 30 (B, C) at point P2 becomes impossible.Next, suppose that point P2 starts at point B in FIG. , the communication with the wireless base station 30 (B, C) at point P2 will last for about 20 seconds, and in this case, depending on the system conditions, the operation may be almost the same as in the low-speed movement mode. be.

In reality, it is considered to be somewhere in between, and the average time during which communication with one high-speed mobile station 30 (B, C) is possible can be considered to be 10 seconds. Also, depending on the system, as shown in FIG. 14, another wireless base station 30 (B, C)
1. Q2 and the service zones (not shown) will overlap, which may be used for diversity. In the above explanation, for the sake of simplicity, explanation of this diaperity was omitted.

Next, communication in the radio section between the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) and the radio base station 30 (B, C) for high-speed movement mode and the radio base station 30 (B, C) for high-speed movement mode are performed.
The time required for transmitting and receiving signals for wired communication (location registration, making and receiving calls) between C) and the gateway exchange 20 will be explained.

First, regarding the wireless section, we will consider the time required for control signals when mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D) takes the initiative, such as when calling a location registration party. A digital signal is used as the signal format, and the signal speed is 1200 bits/second. The signals transmitted from the mobile radios 50 (B, C, D) for location registration include the ID code for the 40 pins 1, 20 bits of control type, a preamble, a start signal, and a test signal. You can think of it as a maximum of 200 bits. Therefore, the time required to send the signal is 200/1
200 = 0.167 seconds or approximately 170 m5ec.

On the other hand, the control signal from the wireless station 30 (B, C) for high-speed movement mode to the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D> is also about 170 m5ec at maximum. Also, the time required for wired signal transmission and reception is The total time required for location registration in slow moving mode is less than 2 seconds in a typical system.Similarly, the time required to place a call is also less than 2 seconds.
Within seconds. Incoming calls usually take less than 2 seconds, but
If the mobile radio 150 (B, C, D>) performs intermittent reception in order to save power, the required time may be longer and may take approximately 5 seconds.

In any of the above cases, when considering only the required time, even if control signal transmission and reception is used in the normal mode, that is, the low-speed movement mode, it is possible to fully implement it in the high-speed movement mode if there are no other deteriorating factors. It became clear.

However, as will be described later, when digital control signals are transmitted in high-speed movement mode, the transmission characteristics deteriorate due to fading effects and the like.

In order to improve this, the following method is adopted.

i) Sending the same signal repeatedly (retransmission).

ii) changing the signal speed to a value suitable for high-speed movement mode;

iii) Change the signal format to one suitable for high-speed movement mode.

iv) Strengthen the error correction function.

■) Introduce various diversity technologies such as space diversity and frequency diversity.

The above techniques will be collectively referred to as a high-speed movement mode control signal sending method. While the transmitting section sends out a signal in the above mode, it is natural to apply a reception method commensurate with this in the receiving section of the opposing radio device. The methods include: i) Reception is possible regardless of high-speed or low-speed mode.

ii) Immediately before mode conversion, notify the other party of the mode conversion using a control signal.

iii) For the fixed time timing, for example, try receiving the signal in a low speed mode, and if the signal cannot be received satisfactorily, change to another mode and receive the signal.

iv) Prepare two types of receivers, one for high speed and one for low speed.

There are various methods such as

The above-mentioned technologies are those that are employed in various systems to which the present invention is applied, and not all of the above-mentioned technologies are necessarily employed.

There are also various methods, and it is difficult to include them in -1.

For example, the simplest of these is increasing the number of retransmissions of the same signal, and this alone can be expected to have a significant effect. In short, in low-speed movement mode, the system design determined the optimal control method with the goal of effectively utilizing frequencies, increasing subscriber capacity, and minimizing the impact on other communications, but in high-speed movement mode, This is a slight departure from these optimal conditions, and the revision concept has been changed in the direction of increasing the reliability of signal transmission to the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>) that is communicating in high-speed movement mode.However, Considering the entire system, mobile radio equipment in high-speed movement mode 5
0 (The numbers B, C, D> are the mobile radio device 50 (B) in the normal mode, low speed movement mode.

There are very few points compared to C and D).

-For example, in the 23 wards of Tokyo, the above-mentioned document (9
Fuji "'Study of mobile phone systems - Focusing on radio line control and routing-''The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers Telephone System Study Group C3
87-16 May 1987), in a system with 7 million mobile phones, the number of mobile phones installed in cars is estimated to be less than 10% of the total, and actually around 5%. Therefore, even if the mobile radio 50 in high-speed movement mode
(For B, C, and D>, the reliability of signal transmission is higher. Therefore, even if techniques such as retransmission are used, there is only a slight loss in the effective use of frequencies as a whole, and it is not a particular problem.) It is thought that there is no.

Next, mobile radio 4850 (B,
C, D> and high-speed movement mode radio base station 30 (B, C
) will be explained below. As described below, move at low speed and use the signal transmission and reception method in one! In this case, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, ・D) in high-speed movement mode recognized that it cannot send and receive signals properly.
Alternatively, the radio base station 30 (B, C) for high-speed movement mode determines that this mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is in the high-speed movement mode, and adopts the following suburban signal transmission method. . Hereinafter, description will be given in the order of location registration, incoming and outgoing calls, and channel switching during a call.

(A> Location registration Mobile radio 50 in low-speed movement mode (B.

The location registration signal transmission permission signals from C and D> are normally repeatedly transmitted once or multiple times, but this is determined by the system J2 revision conditions. Mobile radio device 50 (B.

Location registration from C, D> is judged whether the device recognizes whether it is in high-speed movement mode or not, and if it does not, it is judged that
Assuming that you are not aware of the following, please refer to Figure 10A or 1.
This will be explained using the flow chart of the 0F diagram.

In the home area where the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>) is permanently installed, or in the ROHM area, which is an area within REVIS other than the home area, the gateway exchange 120 and surrounding wireless base stations are already connected. 30-1.30-2.
When the mobile radio 50 (B
, C, D> is turned on and starts operation, the first thing that is performed is a location registration operation.

When the power switch of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is turned on, a signal to start an operation for registering the current position is sent to nearby radios using the uplink control channel (C)-1>. For example, it is sent to the base station 30-1 (S4
01, Figure 10A).

Upon receiving the operation start signal from the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) (3402>, the radio base station 30-1 confirms that the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>) have started operating.
403), and if the downlink control channel is off (S403), it is turned on and permission to send a location registration signal is sent using the downlink control channel (S404).

However, since the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>) are moving at high speed, the radio wave propagation characteristics are poor, and normally this signal is received by the latest radio base station 30-1 (S405).
, cannot receive well (3406 NO>. Therefore, after a certain time timing, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> retransmits the same signal (3407, Fig. 1013). The wireless base station 30-1 receives the retransmitted operation start signal 3408) and confirms the operation start (S409' YES), the location registration signal transmission permission is sent by the control channel (CI-1>) (S410)
.

When the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> receives a permission to send a location registration signal (S411), it checks whether it has been received successfully 8412), but it is not received well. or if reception is not possible (3412NO>), perform the location registration operation again (S4
13).

When the wireless base station 30-1 confirms the start of operation (S41
5 YES (FIG. 10C), send a location registration signal transmission permission 5416), and if the mobile radio lXi 50 cannot receive this well or cannot receive it (S4
17.34"l 8NO>, if the number of bad receptions has not reached the specified number n (for example n-3>),
3419NO>, the operations from steps 5413 to 5418 are repeated for a specified number of times n, although the probability is very small.
(S419YES), mobile radio 5
0 itself is determined to be moving at high speed, and sends a request to measure the moving speed according to the high speed movement: seed control signal sending method (8420).

This speed measurement request signal is sent out at regular intervals and includes information indicating that the vehicle is in high-speed movement mode.

The nearest wireless base station 30-1 that has received this measurement request measures the electric field value of the signal sent at regular intervals and transmits it to the pre-gateway exchange 20 (S421).

The gateway exchange 20 that receives the speed measurement request signal and the electric field value data transmits the signal g transmitted from the mobile radio 50 to a radio base station in the vicinity of the radio base station 30-1, for example, 30-2, 30-3. Ask to measure the electric field value (S
423). Upon receiving the request (S424), the wireless base station 30-2, 30-3 measures the received electric field and sends the barrier exchange F.
Report to M20 (S425, Figure 10D).

The barrier exchange 3N20 that received the received electric field value is (3426)
, from this change in the received electric field, each wireless base station 30-1.30
-2.30-3 mobile radio 50 (B, C, D
), compare them, and calculate the speed of the mobile radio 5.
0 (B, C, D) are wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2.
It is calculated that the vehicle is moving at a speed of V in the direction of 30-3. This speed report is immediately sent to the wireless base station 30-1.30.
-2°30-3 (S427), and the radio base station 3
0-1.30-2.30-3 receives this and transfers it to the mobile radio t1350 ([3,C,D) (842
9,430>.

Gateway exchange 20. Wireless base station 3C)-1, 30-2, 3
0-3 stores in the respective ID identification storage units 24 and 34 that the location registration of the mobile radio device 5o has been performed with the radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 (
S42B, 5431°5432).

Location registration is not effective because the moving speed is high. For this purpose, the direction of movement and speed are measured and the speed information is used.

Mobile radio device 50 (B, C.

In D), if this cannot be received well, (3
434NO1 Figure 10E) Do you want to give up on location registration? (S4
37 YES), or if you do not give up (34 YES)
37NO>, shifts to wide area call mode and concentrates on receiving control signals for wide area calls that can only be received (3438).

Calls in this wide area calling mode are disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-329022 filed by the present applicant.

If the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> receives the speed measurement result satisfactorily (S434 YES), if the location registration request is not to be continued, the location registration work is terminated.3435NO
> To continue the location registration request (S435YES
), the location registration signal is continued to be sent using the high-speed movement mode control signal sending method (5436), and the process proceeds to step 3407 and subsequent steps.

In the operation of the present invention in this high-speed movement mode,
It is much easier to receive signals from the wireless base station 30-1 than in the low-speed movement mode. It is a mobile radio device 50 (B,
The nearest radio base station 30-1, which has received the location registration operation start signal from C, D), uses the speed information of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) included in the number 18 to
Recognizing that the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> is in high-speed movement mode, the mobile radio equipment 5 from the radio base station 30-1
0 (B, C, D>). Then, in this signal, the wireless base station 30-1 transmits the mobile wireless device 50 in high-speed movement mode (
83 including information that it is a response signal to B, C, D)
<. With such measures, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C,
D> receives the location registration signal transmission permission signal from the wireless base station 30-1 much more quickly than usual.

In addition, in the high-speed movement mode, the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> can make small calls and make calls to the barrier switch 20 because it can tell λ that it is moving at high speed). Effective for medium channel switching operation. Furthermore, for example, even if location registration is completed, the mobile radio device 50 (B,
From C, D>, the location registration is repeated at regular time intervals such as every 30 seconds or every minute, so the @ call is reliably executed.

Note that the mobile radio device 50 (B, C) is in high-speed movement mode.

D) may suddenly change to low-speed movement mode.

A person who gets off the car uses a mobile radio 1a50 (B, C).

This applies to cases such as when carrying D). In this case, the above-mentioned signal transmission for location registration will continue even though the high-speed movement mode has shifted to the low-speed movement mode. In order to prepare for this case, the radio base station 30-1 that receives the location registration signal from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> transfers it to the gateway exchange 20, and the gateway exchange 20 that receives it transfers it to the gateway exchange 20. , when it is determined that the location is the same as the previously memorized location registration or that a major movement is not permitted, the mobile radio device 50 via the radio base station 30-1
(B, C, D) is notified that the mode has shifted to low-speed movement mode, and repeated execution of location registration is stopped. Alternatively, depending on the system, if a downlink control signal is constantly or intermittently transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, the mobile radio ff150 (B).

C, D>, by receiving this, own ID
- It is also possible to reach the same target by searching the roam area information collation storage unit 54 and notifying the gateway exchange 20 of this result.

Mobile radio 17M50 (in B, C, D>, mobile radio 5
0 (f3.C, D> sends a location registration signal with its own ID (identification number) on it using the uplink control channel while remaining in low-speed movement mode (S439). Communication is possible even in the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. 1D, which does not have a transmitter/receiver section dedicated to the control channel, when the wireless transmitter/receiver circuits 46 and 48 are already used with other mobile radios. Even if there is a network, multiple channels can be chopped at high speed and transmitted and received simultaneously, so communication is always ensured.

Upon receiving the location registration signal (3440), the wireless base station 30-1 inspects the reception quality and stores the ID identification storage unit 34.
The ID is stored in (S441). If the received quality is above a certain value as a result of checking (S442 YES), a location registration request signal is sent to the gateway exchange 20 (8
443>. The gateway exchange 20 that has received this registration request signal (S444) registers that the reception quality and location are stored in the wireless base station 30-1 (S445).

When this registration work is completed, a registration completion signal is sent (S446). The radio base station 30-1 that has received this registration completion signal uses the downlink control channel to
0 (B, C, D>) (S447).

Mobile radio device 50 that received the registration completion signal (3448)
(B, C, D> inspects the received content and stores the ID (identification number) of the registered wireless base station 30-1 in the ID/roam area information collation storage unit 54 (S449).

With the above operations, the location registration operation is completed and the device enters a standby state for an incoming call.

(B) Calling operation The calling operation in the high-speed movement mode from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) will be explained.

Already in the location registration operation, the mobile radio device 50 (B, C
, D> There are cases in which the device recognizes that it is in high-speed movement mode, and cases in which it does not.

The latter case would be, for example, when a user gets into a car and makes a call after registering their location. Hereinafter, the latter case will be explained using the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 11A to 111-1, or the former case can also be included therein.

Mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D> starts operation and communicates with radio base station 30-1, 30-2° 30-3)
All the gateway exchanges 20 have started operating, and the location registration explained in FIGS. 108 to 10F has been completed.

The handset of mobile radio 150 is picked up (off-hook) and this off-hook signal is transmitted using the upstream control channel (C-1).
A hook signal and the ID (identification number) of the mobile radio device 50 are sent out (S501, FIG. 11A). This mobile radio device 50
does not know that it is moving at high speed, so it sends the off-hook signal in its normal low-speed movement mode.

In the radio base station 30-1 that received the off-hook signal, the mobile radio detects ID 50 and confirms that it is already registered in the ID identification storage unit 34 (3502
>.

Therefore, the radio base station 30-1 adds the reception quality value and current empty channel information from the mobile radio 150, and sends it as a call response signal using the downlink control channel (3
503). This emitted t' response signal is received by the mobile radio at 50 (3505).
506NO), repeat sending the calling signal a specified number of times at predetermined intervals (3507NO, 3501~
5506>.

When the predetermined number of times has been reached (S507YES), the mobile radio 50 recognizes the high-speed movement mode and switches to the high-speed movement mode.
A control channel is used to send out a call signal (35
08, Figure 11B>. The transmission of the calling signal in this high-speed movement mode is repeated until the specified number of times is reached (85
09NO, 5509YES). The off-hook signal from the mobile radio 50 cannot be received in sufficiently good quality at the radio base station 30-1, and the ID of the mobile radio 50 cannot be displayed, so that the calling signal is also not received. If the call could not be sent (NO in 3504), the mobile radio FM 50 waits for a high-speed mobile mode call.

When the radio base station 30-1 receives a calling signal (off-hook signal) based on the high-speed mobile mode control signal transmission method from the mobile radio RbO, it transfers it to the gateway exchange 20 (3510 .11B) The barrier switch 20 which received the calling signal and the information about the high-speed movement mode (S511
), it recognizes that the mobile radio device 50 is moving at high speed, so the radio base station 30-2 near the mobile radio device 50
．． The wireless base station 30-1.30-3 notifies the number of a free communication channel for high-speed movement mode, prepares for communication using that channel, and measures the speed.
．． 30-3 (S512>This empty channel (C
)-1> Radio base station 3 that received the preparation signal and speed measurement request
0-16 and 30-2°30-3 (3513, 35
14>, the suitability of CHloo as the empty channel 1, the result of speed measurement, and the suitability of Ci-1 as the empty channel.
The barrier exchange sends the suitability of 100 or C)-1101 and the result of the speed measurement to 20 (3515, 351
6, Figure 11C).

This speed measurement result and empty channel information are sent to the wireless base station 30-
The barrier exchange 120 received from 1.30-2.30-3 is (
S517), each wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-
From the change in the received electric field of 3, each wireless base station 30-1.30
-2. Find the speed of the mobile radio device 50 with respect to 30-3,
By comparing and processing these, the mobile radio device 50
Calculate what must happen while moving at a speed of 0-1°30-2.30-3. This speed information and empty channel CH
Instructions for using 100 are given at Tatara Wireless Base Station 3.
Sent to 0-1.30-2.30-3 (8518)
. Therefore, the gateway exchange 20 stores in the ID identification record section 24 that the location of the mobile radio device 50 has been registered with the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 (3522, FIG. 11D).

Here, when the barrier switch 20 specifies the empty channel C)-1100 for the high-speed moving mode, it selects from the back of the empty channel for the high-speed moving mode in a frequency band with good radio wave propagation characteristics. Select according to an allocation method that does not cause traffic width.

The radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 receives the speed information from the barrier exchange 'a20 and the empty channel information that specifies the channel C11100 used in the high-speed movement mode, and transmits it to the mobile radio 50. Transfer to (S519.5520
, Figure 11C).

The mobile radio device 50 that has received the call response signal including the speed information and the empty channel information (S521, FIG. 11C) checks whether the call response signal was successfully received (S523,
(Fig. D), if the reception is not good or if the reception is not possible at all after a predetermined period of time has passed (352
3NO), the process returns to step 5501 (FIG. 11A) and repeats sending the off-hook signal. However, if the call response signal cannot be received, the call will be abandoned. However, the possibility of such a situation occurring is extremely rare, and normally it will be possible to successfully receive a call response signal while repeatedly sending this off-hook signal (S523Y
ES, Figure 11D).

When the mobile radio 50 successfully receives the call response signal, it selects the empty channel Cl-1100, which is the designated communication channel assigned to the high-speed movement mode.
), if you wish to use this designated channel, it is not necessarily necessary to use the high-speed movement mode), and transmit a signal specifying the channel C)-1100 for the high-speed movement mode to the radio base station 30-1.30-. 2.30-3, it waits for it to be sent from the barrier switch 20 as dial 1.-- (3531, Figure 11E).

When the radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 sends a channel switching completion report to the mobile radio 50, it requests the gateway switch 20 to send a call signal (5532).
．． 5533) Upon receiving this request, the barrier exchange t120 detects the ID of the mobile radio 50, stores the communication quality in the 10 identification storage unit 24, and, under the control of the communication path control unit 21, switches the switch group 23, for example 5W1- 1,5WI-2,5W
Turn on 1-3 and connect to wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30
-3 to the exchange R11 of the telephone network 10 (S534)
.

Therefore, a dial tone is sent from the exchange 11 side via the switch group 23 of the barrier exchange 20 (S53
5).

This dial tone is the wireless base station 30-1゜30-2
．． 3C)-3 via channel Cl-1100 (downlink) (S536, 5537), and the mobile radio 50
Check that the call has been received and the call has been set (
3538). The mobile radio 50 sends out a destination dial signal using channel C)-1100 (upstream) 55.
39, No. 11 [:Figure), Wireless base station 30-1.30-2
．． 30-3 (3540, 3541>The exchange 11 operates and the call is made to the destination on the telephone network 10.
A path is set (S542). After that, a call is made (
S543').

When the call is completed, the handset goes on-hook (3
544), the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the mobile radio 5.
0 to channel C [~+100 (upstream) ('S 545 ). As a result, the wireless base station 30-
1.30-2.30-3 is the end of the episode 3546,5
547), the barrier exchange conveys the final story to 20. Therefore, in the barrier switch 20, the switch 5W1-1 of the switch group 23.
SW1-2゜5 Turn off W1-3 and end the call (
S548).

If the wireless base station 30-1 receives an off-hook signal in the low-speed movement mode and successfully detects the ID of the gland machine 50 before moving (S504YES, FIG. 11A), the wireless base station 30-1 1 adds the reception quality value received from the mobile radio 50 and the current idle channel number and sends it as a call response signal using the downlink control channel as it is on the low-speed mobile station (S549, Figure 11G).

The mobile radio 1A30 that has received such a call response signal from the radio base station 30-1 checks the reception quality value δζ1 from each radio base station 30-1, and selects a radio transmission/reception device that is capable of diversity transmission/reception, for example, Base stations 30-1 to 30-n@select,
Check for empty channels (5550) and send a signal specifying the communication channel to be used (S551). Here, a signal specifying channel 11 CH1 is sent to the radio base station 30-1 (descriptions of 30-2 to 30-n are omitted). The radio base station 30-1 confirms that the communication channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free, switches to that channel (S552), and sends a channel switching completion report using the downlink control channel. Send (S553)
. Upon receiving this switching completion report (S554), the mobile radio +
On a50, dial A full 1~ with the specified call Bouyanel.
- waits for a response (S555).

On the other hand, the wireless base station 30-1 sends a calling signal to the gateway switch 20 (3556>. Upon receiving this, the barrier switch 20 sends the ID of the mobile radio 150 and the communication crystal
The D identification is stored in the storage unit 24, and the switch group 23, for example 5W1-1, is turned on under the control of the communication path control unit 21 to connect the wireless base station 30-1 to the exchange 11 of the telephone network 10 (S557).

Therefore, a dial tone is sent from the exchange 11 side via the switch group 23 of the barrier exchange 20 (S55
8, Figure 111-1).

This dial tone is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 via channel CN1 (downlink) (8559) and received by the mobile radio 50, confirming that the call has been established (3560). The mobile radio device 50 sends out the destination Daicel signal using channel C 11 (uplink) 3561>, and it is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 (S
562), the exchange 11 operates to establish a communication path to the destination on the telephone network 10 (3563). A call is then made (3564>).

When the call is completed, the handset goes on hook (S
565>, the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the mobile radio 5
0 using channel C111 (upstream) (
3566), thereby the radio base station 30-1 confirms the termination of the call (5567), and notifies the gateway exchange 20 of the termination of the call. Therefore, in the barrier switch 20, the switch S of the switch group 23 is
WI-1 is turned off and the call is terminated (3568).

In the above explanation, it is assumed that the number of radio base stations communicating with the mobile radio 1A50 (B, C, D> is 30-1.30-2.30-3, but in reality, there are many more radio base stations 30-1.30-2.30-3).
Communicate at the same time as B and C). In other words, this is to perform diversity transmission and reception, as explained in the call origination operation in the low-speed movement mode. Therefore, the designation of communication channels for high-speed movement/E-do is, for example, channel Cl-1100 for a certain radio base station 30-1, and channel Cl-1101 for radio base station 30-2, . . .・One base station is designated corresponding to each wireless base station 30 (B, C).

As a result, subsequent signal transmission is normally carried out at high speeds, since the reception quality of the radio base stations 30 (B, C) and mobile radios 50 (B, C, D) is improved due to the diversity effect. There is no need to apply the control signal sending method for the daily mode, and the transmission method is almost the same as that for the low-speed mobile mode (however, the mobile radio 50 (B)

It is sufficient that the control signals sent from C and D include information indicating that the vehicle is in a high-speed moving mode.

(C) Incoming call operation The flow of the incoming call operation to the mobile radio R50 (B, C, D> will be explained using FIGS. 12A to 12I. Mobile radio device 50 (
B, C, D>, etc. are all wireless base stations 30 (B, C)
is waiting on a control channel commonly used by

Although the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>) may recognize whether or not they are in the high-speed movement mode, the description will be made assuming that they do not recognize this.

In FIG. 1A, it is assumed that an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio 50 enters the barrier switch 20 from the 7-hour network 10. It is assumed that the ID identification storage unit 24 in the barrier switch 20 inspects incoming call signals and searches for the ID of the called party, and finds the wireless base station 30 (plurality) whose current location is registered. .

In this case, the location of the mobile radio device 50 should have been registered at a low speed. Then, an incoming call signal is simultaneously sent via the communication control unit 21 to all the radio base stations whose locations are registered to the mobile radio 50, for example, 30-1.30-2.30-3 (S601, Figure 12A).

Each radio base station 30-1, 30-2, which received this signal.
30-3 searches the ID identification storage unit 34 (C>) in its own station and confirms that the ID of the mobile radio 50 is stored there, and then uses the downlink control channel to send an incoming call to the mobile radio 150. A call and communication channel designation request signal is sent with the ID of the wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 added (S602.603.604>).

The mobile radio device 50 was unable to receive the incoming call signal from the radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 (3607NO>), and the radio base station 30-1.
-1.30-2.30-3 receives an incoming call response from the mobile radio 150 after a predetermined period of time, the radio base station 30-1.30
-2.30-3 does not receive (3605,560
6) Repeat sending of the incoming call signal until reaching a predetermined number of times (S608.5609, Figure 12B).

When the number of incoming call signals sent reaches the specified number of times (S608YE)
S, 5609YES), wireless base station 30-1.30-2
．． At 30-3, the mobile radio 50 connects to the radio base station 30-
1.30-2.30-3 is outside the service zone or is moving at high speed, and notifies the gateway exchange 20 that the call receiving method for high-speed movement mode should be used (S610. 8611).

As a result of receiving and analyzing information from each radio base station 30-1. It appears that aircraft 50 is moving at high speed (5613)
, search the ID identification storage unit 24 to check whether the mobile radio device 50 is moving at high speed and has registered its location.
, Fig. 12C), if the location is still not registered in the high-speed movement mode (3614 NO>, the control for wide area calling is to be performed. Dedicate yourself (S615).

On the other hand, in the mobile radio device 50, the location registration operation is being performed at intervals according to a certain rule, and the location registration by the high speed mobile device should be completed.

As a result, the wireless base station whose location was registered is 30-11゜30-
12.30-13, barrier exchange 1M20 has 1,
I remember this.

If the mobile radio device 50 is in high-speed movement mode and has been changed to have its location registered (S614YES), the location has been registered to the radio base station 30-1 (in this case, the radio base station 30 naturally In most cases, the radio base station 30-1 is different from the hyperbolically registered radio base station 30-1, but the same radio base station 30-
It was assumed that 1. The same applies to 30-2 and 30-3. ),
Then, for the radio base stations 30-2 and 30-3 existing in the direction of movement of the mobile radio 50, the mobile radio 50 moves at high speed and uses an empty channel other than the communication channel with good propagation characteristics designated for one The gateway exchange 2 sends a signal requesting preparation for communication, speed measurement of the mobile radio 50, and transmission of a 4-inch signal in high-speed movement mode to the mobile radio 50.
0 is sent to the wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 (
3616).

The radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 that has received the request for air channel preparation, speed measurement, and incoming call signal transmission sends the incoming call signal and empty channel information in the high-speed movement mode to the mobile radio device 50. (S617, 3618
).

This incoming call signal is received by the mobile radio device 50 in standby on the high-speed movement mode control channel (S619), and the received signal quality and signal content are searched to determine whether the incoming call signal is good or not. (S620), and after confirming that the incoming call signal is addressed to the mobile radio 50 (3621), the mobile radio v350 calls each radio base station 30-1, 30-, taking into account the call traffic state in the vicinity. 2.30-3 is determined, and is transmitted to the wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 using the uplink control channel (3622, FIG. 12D). At the same time, 4 noisers J
1 + 55 2 and 56~1.56-2,...
55-n, changeover switches 64-1, 64-2, and reception/transmission switching controllers 65G and 67C, for example, communication channel C)-11 (for wireless base station 30-1), communication channel C)- 12 (for wireless base station 30-2)
, the communication channels C and H3 (for the wireless base station 30-3) are brought into a state where they can be transmitted and received. Each radio base station 30-1.3 receives the uplink control channel from the mobile radio 50.
At 0-2°30-3, the quality of the received signal is inspected, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 that sent the signal is confirmed (3623°56
24) Sends a call response signal to the gateway switch 20 (3625.8626>).

This incoming call response signal to the barrier exchange 120 also includes a signal to the switch group 23 for setting a communication path. Then, upon receiving this incoming call response signal, the barrier switch 20 will:
Reconfirm whether the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is already stored in the ID identification storage section 24. Normally, it is stored, but if it is not stored, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is stored in the ID identification storage section 24.
-1゜30-2. It is registered in the ID identification storage unit 24 together with the data of the quality inspection of 30-3, and a response confirmation signal containing this recorded ID, etc. is sent to the wireless base station 30-1゜30-2.
30-3 (3628).

The radio base station 30-1゜30 that received this response confirmation signal
-2.30-3 confirms that the ID of the mobile radio 50 is correctly registered (3629, 5630), checks whether the channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free, and sends a switching confirmation signal. is sent to the mobile radio device 50 on the downlink control channel (S631, 5632).

A switching confirmation signal to this specified channel was received (36
33) Before moving I! If the designated channel is not allowed to be switched because there is no free channel (3634 NO), the device 50 returns to step 5622 and designates another communication channel (S622). If it is an empty channel and switching is approved (S634 YES), the channel is switched to that channel and a channel switching completion report is sent using the uplink control channel (3635, FIG. 12E).

The radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 confirms that the channel has been switched to an empty channel, switches to this channel, and sends a channel switching completion signal to the barrier switch 20 (S636). , 5637).

When the barrier switch 120 receives the channel switching completion signal, it operates the call path control unit 21 and switches the switch group 2 in order to set up a call path to the telephone network 10 via the exchange 11.
Turn on 5W1-1.3W1-2゜5WI-3 of 3 and connect wireless base station 30-1゜30-2.30-3 and telephone network 1.
0 (3638). Therefore, a calling signal is sent from the telephone network 10 side via the barrier exchange 120 (S63
9), connect this to wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-3
(3640.3641>.Then, set the ringing bell signal to the call channel CF+ for high-speed movement mode.
100 (3642.3643), mobile radio is 5
0, a call 8 is generated (S644).

When the handset on the mobile radio 50 side is lifted (off hook) by this ringing tone (S645, Fig. 12F)
, an off-hook signal is sent on channel CH100,
Transferred by the radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 (8646, 5647), received by the barrier exchange 120 (8648), and a call is started between the telephone network 10 and the mobile radio device 50. (3649)

When the call ends, the handset is put down, and an on-hook signal and a call end signal are sent to the wireless base station 30-1 via channel C)-1100 (3650), and the wireless base station 30-1 confirms the end of the call. Now, transfer this signal (3651
．． 3652>. Upon receiving this on-hook signal and call clearing signal, the barrier switch 20 closes the call path control unit 21 and switches the switch group 23 to 5W1-1, 5W1-2.3WI.
-3 is turned off to end the call (3653).

The mobile radio device 50 is in low-speed movement mode and the radio base station 3
0-1.30-2.30-3 successfully receives the incoming call response signal from the mobile radio 50 (S605Y[ES,
5606YES, Figure 12A) or radio base J:
If mobile radio B150 receives a good call signal from 30-1.30-2.30-3 in slow moving mode, (
(S607YES, Fig. 12A), searches for the crystal quality and signal content of the received signal, and transmits it to the mobile radio device 50.
After confirming that the call signal is the intended one (S654, Fig. 12G), the mobile radio transmits the call signal to each radio base station 30-1.30, taking into consideration the call traffic state of 50 minutes (minutes).
-2. Low-speed movement mode communication that can communicate with 30-3
/ channel and transmits to wireless base station 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 using uplink control channel i-channel (36
55).

At the same time, 4 noisers 55-1.55-2 and 56-1.56 on each of the mobile radios 150 (FIG. 1B)
-2.56-3, changeover switch 64-1.64-2, and reception and transmission switching controllers 65C and 67C are operated, for example, communication channel Cl-11 (wireless base station 30
-1), communication channel CH2 (for wireless base station 30-2), communication channel Cl-13 (for wireless base station 30-3)
to enable sending and receiving. Each radio base station 30-1, 30-2, and 30-3 that received the uplink control channel from the mobile radio 50 inspects the quality of the received signal, confirms the ID of the mobile radio 150 that transmitted the signal (S656 )
, sends an incoming call response signal to the barrier switch 20 (S
657).

This incoming call response signal to the gateway exchange 20 also includes a signal to the switch group 23 for setting a communication path. Then, upon receiving this incoming call response signal, the barrier switch 20 will:
It is checked whether the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is already stored in the ID identification record/1 section 24, and if it is not stored, it is stored in the ID identification storage section along with the quality inspection data of the radio base station 30-1. 24 (3658), and sends a response confirmation signal including the stored ID etc. to the wireless base station 30-1.
30-2, 30-3, etc. (8659).

Radio base station 30-1゜30- that received this response confirmation signal
2. In 30-3, confirm that the ID of the mobile radio 50 is registered correctly (3660), and confirm that the ID of the mobile radio 50 is registered correctly.
8661, Fig. 12H), and sends the resulting switching approval/disapproval signal to the mobile radio on the downlink control channel for low-speed movement mode. 50 (S662).

If the mobile radio [50 that received this switching approval/disapproval signal (3663) does not have an empty channel (/channel), the specified channel 1,7JH is not recognized (3663).
4NO>, step 3655 (Fig. 12G) and specifies another communication channel (S655). If the specified channel is an empty channel and switching is approved (3664YES, Figure 12)-1), switch to that channel and send a Direnel switching completion report using the uplink control channel for low-speed movement mode. Cover (S665
).

It was confirmed that the channel was switched to an empty channel (S666
) The radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 switches to this channel and sends a channel switching completion signal to the barrier exchange B]20 (S667).

When the barrier switch 20 receives the channel switching completion signal, it operates the call path control unit 21 and switches the switch group 23 in order to set up a call path to the telephone network 10 via the switch 11.
5W1-1.1-2.1-3 is turned on to connect the wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 to the telephone network 10 (8668). Therefore, a calling signal is sent from the telephone network 10 side via the barrier exchange 120 (3669, 12th
I), this is the radio base station 30-1.30-2゜30-
3 to confirm (S670). Therefore, a call bell signal g- is set for low-speed movement = call channel Cl-11 for
, and the mobile radio 50 generates a ringing tone (367
2).

When the handset on the mobile radio 50 side is lifted (off hook) due to this ring tone (8673), channel C
An off-hook signal is sent through l-11, and the wireless base station 3
Forwarded at 0-1.30-2.30-3 (3674)
, is received by the barrier switch 20 (S675), and the telephone network 1
0 and the mobile radio 50 (S67
6).

When the call ends, the handset is put down, and an on-hook signal and a call-end signal are sent to the radio base station 30-1.30-2.30-3 via channel C)-11 (S677).
Wireless base station 30-1.30-2.30- that confirmed the end of the call
3, this signal is transferred (8678). This on
The barrier switch 20 that received the hook signal and the call termination signal,
Activate the communication path 1 control section 21 and switch 5 of the switch group 23.
W1-1.5WI-2, 8W1-3 is turned off to end the call (3679).

In the above description, radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.
Call the control transmitter/receiver installed at 30-3!・Even in a system converted to a mobile radio, by repeatedly switching the transmitting and receiving channels over time as explained in the mobile radio configuration, it is possible to use a new mobile radio even if it is already communicating with a third mobile radio. It is possible to communicate with the called mobile radio using the control channel (see Figure 1D).

Note that the mobile radio 50 (B.

C, D> may move from high-speed movement mode to low-speed movement and change to 1D. As a countermeasure in this case, it is possible to adopt either a method of continuously avoiding the high-speed moving mote for that call only, or a method of detecting the speed and shifting to the low-speed moving mode.

In the former case, no particular explanation will be given as a system technique, but in the latter case, a technique for switching channels during a call, which will be explained below, will be used.

(D> Channel switching during a call The operation of switching channels during a call for the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) in the high-speed movement mode is similar to the channel switching during a call in the low-speed movement mode described above. mobile radio device 50 (B.

It is assumed that when the call is started prior to the channel switching during the call performed by C and D>, the moving speed of the car is low and the call is successfully made in the low-speed moving mode. However, if the moving speed of the car subsequently increases during the call, the following technical difficulties occur. In other words, one of the multiple channels used for calls has deteriorated in call quality, so the use of this channel is discontinued and a new call channel is used to establish a new radio base station 30 (
In the middle of the operation of starting communication with B and C), the speech quality of the old channel deteriorates below the quality determined by the system. Alternatively, setting up a new channel with the new wireless base station 30 (B, C) fails due to the fast moving mote. The specific cause of the failure is that the transmission quality of digital control signals deteriorates due to deterioration of radio wave propagation characteristics due to high-speed movement, and the transmission quality of digital control signals deteriorates.
C) or the radio base station 30 (B, C) to use a new channel, or the response signal thereof cannot be received well.

The flow of 83 works to solve these problems is explained in the first part.
It is shown and explained in Figures 3A to '13I.

Gateway exchange 20. Radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, -.
30-n etc. (30-p, 30-Q, -.

etc. are simply referred to as 30-n, etc.) and the mobile radio device 50 starts operating, and the switch l\2 included in the barrier switch 20
3 switches 5WI-1, 1-2, . . .

1-(n-1) is on, and the radio base station 30-1.3
0-2. ..., 3O-(n-1>) and the mobile radio 50 are communicating in low-speed movement mode.

For this communication, the control unit 58 included in the mobile radio #A50
Channel Cl-11, 0)-12 indicated by.

-, CH-(n-1>downlink frequency 1&F1.F2.

”” “n-1 and upstream frequency f1.f2.....,fo
-1 is used (3701, Figure 13A).

Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. ....

3O-(n-1) constantly issues reception status reports from the mobile radio device 50, and when deterioration in communication quality is discovered, it is immediately reported to the mobile radio device 50 (S702>).

In the mobile radio device 50 that received this, the communication quality monitoring unit 57 found that the mobile radio device 50 itself had deteriorated in call quality (3703, 3704), and the call quality was at a level and whether it was deteriorating further. I am monitoring whether or not (370)
5). If the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S705YES), the control unit 58 sends a message to the wireless base station 3.
Wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2, 30-3.・, 30-
(3706, FIG. 13B) .

Each surrounding wireless base station 30-n receives an instruction for monitor reception.
etc., the signal of frequency f1 should be monitored and received 3707
), and report the results to the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio device 50 (3708.8709), and each radio base station 30-n
For example, it is detected that the call quality of the wireless base station 30-n is better than a certain standard level L2 (S710YES>).

If the communication quality is not good (371 ONO), return to step 5706 (Fig. 138) and repeatedly send monitor reception instructions until the specified number of times is reached (3711 ONO).
NO, Figure 13C).

When the number of monitor reception instructions sent reaches the specified number of times (
S711YES>, the control unit 58 determines that the mobile radio device 50 itself is in the high-speed movement mode, and uses a control signal format suitable for the high-speed movement mode to perform monitor reception on a high-speed movement mode control channel (CI) with good radio wave propagation characteristics. -1> to the wireless base station 30-n, etc. (3712).

The wireless base station 30-n, etc. that received this instruction (3713
), monitors and receives the result, and reports the result to the mobile radio device 50 in the form of a high-speed movement mode control signal (3714).

If the mobile radio device 50 that has received this monitor result has poor communication quality or cannot receive the monitor result at all (NO in 3716), it returns to step 8706 (Figure 13B) and starts monitoring. Repeat receiving instructions.

If the monitoring result is received with good communication quality (S71
6YES) Analyzing the monitoring results, it is determined that the mobile radio device 50 itself has moved from the zone covered by the radio base station 30-1 to the zone covered by the radio base station 30-n. Figure D), wireless base station 30
- to switch to communication with radio base station 30-
Search for free channels that n can use87
18), As a result, channel C suitable for fast moving mode
Hn is determined (S719). The control unit 58 instructs the radio base station 30-n to prepare for communication on channel Cl-1n via the transmitting unit 51-n and receiving unit 53-n of the mobile radio R50 (3720). .

A communication preparation command for using channel CI-1n is sent to radio base station 30-n using the control channel for high-speed movement mode, and preparations for communication using channel CHn are made (3721). The mobile radio 50 has channel CI
- Preparations to enable communication by 1n, i.e.,
From the control unit 58 to synthesizers 55-n and 56-n
For the frequency F. and receive the frequency f. The switching controller 65 then enters the switching operation (S722, FIG. 13E).

When ready to communicate using channel C)-1n,
The radio base station 30-n sends a preparation completion report to channel C.
Please contact the mobile radio 50 using Hn 3723
), and on the same day, the wireless base station 30-n performs the barrier exchange 12.
Channel C)-1n suitable for fast moving mode relative to 0
report that communication preparations between the radio base station 30-n and the mobile radio 1150 have been completed (S723).
. The mobile radio device 50 receiving this transmits the channel CI-I.
Please confirm that the communication preparation by n is completed.8727)
, issues a communication start command to the wireless base station 30-n8.
728), and the wireless base station 30-n that received this waits for communication (S729).

When the gateway exchange 20 confirms the completion of communication preparation between the radio base station 30 and the mobile radio device 50 using the channel CHn suitable for high-speed movement mode (S724), the switch 5W1- of the switch group 23 1.1-2. ..., 1
-(n-1) is left on, switch 5W1-n
is also turned on (S725). Therefore, the communication path control unit 21 included in the barrier exchange [20]
1) Report that communication is possible between mobile radio + AI 50 using DI↑NonelCt1n (S726)
.

Upon receiving the communication start possibility report, the radio base station 3Q-n sends a communication start signal to the mobile radio device 50 using channel CHn.
It is sent to the addressee (S730). The mobile radio device 50 uses the ID signal, which is an identification signal for identifying the radio base station 30-n, to confirm the start of communication via channel CF-10 (5731), and at the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 5 of the mobile radio device 50 confirms the start of communication using the channel CF-10.
7 measures the quality level of communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-n, and when it detects that the quality level is 2 or more (S732YES, Fig. 13F).
, instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop the communication between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio device 50 using channel CI-11 (S733).

As a result, the radio base station 30-1 turns off communication using channel CH1 (S734). Konoji Nell C
When the mobile radio device 50 confirms that communication has stopped due to H1 (S
736), the operation of synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 is stopped, and the selector switch 64-1 is set to
Stop switching to the output terminal of 5-1, and turn the selector switch 6
4-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (although this operation is not necessarily required) and operates on channels Cl-12, Ct-13, -, C)-1n.
Try to tighten it.

Chitnel CI-11 communication stoppage confirmed at barrier switch 20
The communication path control unit 21 of the switch 5W of the switch group 23
1-2.1-3. . . , 1-n remains on, and the switch 5w1-1 is turned off (S735).

As a result, the channel switching operation period ends, and with the switches 5WI-2, 1-3, -, 1-n in the on state, the channels C1-12, CH3, ..., C)-In, and the downlink frequency F2 ．． F3. ..., Fn up frequency f2. f3
．． . . , fo, the mobile radio device 50 connects to the radio base station 30-2, 30-3 . −． 30-n, there is no instantaneous disconnection, no mixing of miscellaneous &, and a transmitting/receiving diversity effect is obtained, allowing high-quality communication (g) to continue.
737).

Here, channels Ct12 to CI-I (n-1> remain in low-speed movement mode, and channel CI-1n is used in high-speed movement mode.

In step 3710 (FIG. 13B), if the mobile radio 50 successfully receives the monitor signal (S710Y
ES>, the control unit 58 determines that the mobile radio device 50 has moved from the zone covered by the radio base station 30-1 to the zone covered by the radio base station 30-n 8738;
(Fig. 13G), the wireless base station 30- remains in the low-speed movement mode.
5739 to search for an empty channel that can be used by the radio base station 30-n in order to switch to communication with n.
), as a result of which, for example, the channel CHn is determined (S
740). The control section 58 controls the transmission section 51 of the mobile radio device 50.
-n and the receiving unit 53-n, the wireless base station 30
-n to prepare for communication on channel C)-I n (, 5741).

This communication quasi-cat command for using channel C[-In is sent to the radio base station 30-n, and preparations for communication using channel C[-In are made (S742). In the mobile radio 50, preparations are made to enable communication using the channel CI-I n, that is, from the control unit 58 to the synthesizer 55-n.
and for 56-n, frequency F. and receive the frequency f. instructs to transmit by
enters the switching operation (3743, Figure 13H).

When ready to communicate using channel CI-1n,
The radio base station 30-n sends a report of completion of preparation on channel C).
-1n to contact the mobile radio 50 374
4) At the same time, the wireless base station 30-n performs the barrier exchange t
Radio base station 3 with channel C)-1n for KN20
A report is issued that communication preparations have been completed between 0-n and the mobile radio 50 (S744). The mobile radio device 50 that received this confirms that the preparation for communication using channel ct-+n is completed (3748), issues a communication start command to the radio base station 30-n (3749), and the radio that received this The base station 30-n waits for communication (S750).

Radio base station 30-n using channel c +-+ n
When the gateway exchange 20 confirms that the preparation for communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the mobile radio device 50 is completed (S745), the switches 5W1-1.1-2. of the switch group 23 are activated. ..., 1-(n-1> is left in, and the switch SW'l-n is also turned on (3746).Then, the communication path control section 21 included in the barrier switch 20 controls the mobile radio FM50. , it reports that it is possible to start communication with the mobile radio device 50 using channel Cl-1n (3747).

Upon receiving the communication start possibility report, the radio base station 3Q-n sends a communication start signal to the mobile radio 150 using channel CHn.
(3751). The mobile radio device 50 confirms the start of communication using the channel CHn using an ID signal that is an identification signal for identifying the radio base station 30-n.
52) At the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio device 50 measures the quality level of communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-n, and detects that the quality level is equal to or higher than a certain quality level 2. Then (S753YES, FIG. 131), channel C between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio 50
Radio base station 3 stops communication that was being performed using I-11.
0-1 (S754).

As a result, the wireless base station 30-1 can transmit the channel C)-1.
1 turns off communication in low-speed movement mode (S755
). Mobile radio R5 stops communication using this channel CHl.
0 is confirmed (3757), the operation of the synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 is stopped, the changeover switch 64-1 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 55-1,
The selector switch 64-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (although this operation is not necessarily necessary), and switches the output terminals of the synthesizer 56-1 to the output terminals (C)-12, CH3, . . .
Make it work with Hn.

Gateway switch 20 confirmed that communication with channel Cl-11 had stopped.
The communication path control unit 21 of the switch 5W of the switch group 23
I-2, 1-3, . . . , 1-n remain on, and switch 5WI-1 is turned off (S756).

This ends the period of channel switching operation and switches 5W1-2.1-3. −． Channel C)-12 in slow moving mode with 1-n on state.

CI-13, . . . Ctl n downlink frequency [=2. j:
3. −.

F upstream frequency f2. f3. ..., fo, the mobile radio device 50 connects to the radio base station 30-2, 30-3°...
, 30-n, it is possible to continue high-quality communication without instantaneous disconnection or noise mixing, and with the transmission/reception diversity effect (3758) Because it operates as described above. In the high-speed movement mode, movement information of the mobile radio device 50 moving at high speed is transmitted to the gateway switch 20, and by analyzing this movement information, the mobile radio device 50
Since movement information can be transmitted in advance to the radio base station 30 located in the direction of movement of the mobile radio, and service can be provided to the mobile radio 50 in high-speed movement mode, channel switching during a call can be carried out more smoothly. Become. Also, normally, the time required to switch channels during a call is 1 hour after the switching is decided.
Completes within ~3 seconds.

Furthermore, when the mobile radio device 50 itself recognizes that it is in the high-speed movement mode, the mobile radio device 50 itself recognizes that it is in the high-speed movement mode.
A mobile radio 50 as shown in Figures 1H and 11 (
If B, C, D>, even after the channel switching during the call is completed, the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> constantly (or intermittently according to a certain rule) transmits control signals at high speed. mode, and calls on nearby high-speed mobile/E-do wireless base stations 30 (B, C) to implement channel switching during a call, which can be carried out early. It is possible to avoid a situation where the response signal from 30 (B, C) cannot be received.

Specifically, the features of the present invention will be further explained with reference to FIG.
The method of calling for channel switching during a call is from when the mobile radio 50 is at point A to the radio base station 3 at point P3.
0 (B, C) to change the channel during a call.

In this case, if the mobile radio 'FM50 (B, G, D>) moves to point B, it will stop communicating with the radio base station 30 (B, C) at point P2 and ,C)
It becomes possible to communicate with Therefore, even after moving to point B,
Wireless base station 30 (B
, C), and furthermore, it is possible to communicate with point P4 (point P
Wireless base station 30 (on the right side of 3 (not shown))
(B, C) means the wireless base station 30 at point P3 (B, C
) will start communication before it stops. In other words, the channel switching operation is performed by the mobile radio 150.
(B.

By starting the movement of C, D> in advance, it becomes possible to effectively communicate with one radio base station 30 (B, C) within the maximum allowable time.

Note that when the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>) shift from high-speed movement mode to low-speed movement mode, the communication time with one radio base station 30 (B, C) is reduced by sending the above control signal. Since it is longer than 20 seconds, if the time exceeds a certain value (for example, 40 seconds), it is determined that the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D
It is also possible to adopt a method of stopping the constant transmission of control signals from > and shifting to a low-speed movement mode.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, by applying the present invention to a mobile communication system using a small zone configuration, when a zone is changed during a call, as in the conventional system, This problem has been completely eliminated even if the frequency of channel switching during communication increases. This will improve communication quality by adopting economical transmitting and receiving diversity, improve frequency efficiency by reducing interference, and make new services using wideband signals technically possible. is what happened. In addition, communication quality can be improved by effectively utilizing wireless equipment during off-peak hours, and when traffic suddenly increases in a certain small zone, it is possible to substantially increase the number of usable channels.
Furthermore, in addition to being able to process location registration signals from mobile radios even during peak traffic times, by detecting the moving direction and speed of moving objects, systems with small zone configurations using micro cells can be used. Even if the moving speed of a mobile object becomes relatively large compared to the size of the zone, it becomes possible to designate an effective communication channel, making it possible to construct an economical mobile communication system with high frequency utilization efficiency. Since this has become possible, the effects of the present invention are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A, 1B and 1C are system configuration diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 1D and 1E are circuit configuration diagrams showing other embodiments of the wireless base station of the present invention; Figure 1F is a circuit configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the transmitter/receiver, Figures 1G, 1H, and 11 are circuit diagrams showing other embodiments of the mobile radio device, and Figures 2 (a) and (b). ) are spectrum diagrams and circuit configuration diagrams for explaining configuration examples of control signals used in the present invention; FIG. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C; 4A and 4B are flowcharts showing the flow of the location registration operation of the present invention, and FIGS. 5A and 5B, respectively.
The figure is a flowchart showing the flow of the call originating operation from the mobile radio.
Flowchart showing the flow of call operation, Figures 7A and 7B
7C, 7D, and 7E are flow charts showing the flow of the channel switching operation of the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C. and an operation conceptual diagram for explaining speed detection; FIG. 9 is a system configuration conceptual diagram for explaining a conventional system example; FIGS. 10A, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E, and FIG. 10F shows the flow of the location registration operation of the present invention that deals with the high-speed movement mode. Figure 11G and 11)-
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing the flow of the calling operation of the present invention that deals with high-speed movement mode; FIG. 12A, FIG. 12B, FIG. 12C, FIG. 12D, FIG. 12E, FIG.
2G, 12)-1, and 12f are flowcharts showing the flow of the incoming call operation of the present invention that deals with high-speed movement mode; FIG. 13A, FIG. 13B, FIG. 13C, FIG. 13D, and FIG. 13E. 13F, 13G, 131-1, and 13I are flowcharts showing the flow of the channel switching operation during a call according to the present invention that deals with the high-speed movement mode. FIG. 2 is a storage diagram showing the locations of radio base stations and mobile radios stored along a path for explaining the operation of the system of the invention. 10...Telephone network 11...Switchboard 12...
・Radio line control station 13A-D...Radio base station 14A
-D...Zone 15...Mobile radio 16A-D
...Transmission line 19.20...Gateway switch 21...
・Call path Ll control unit 23...switch group 24...
- ID identification storage section 30.30B, 30C. 30-1. ~30-n...Radio base station 31.31-1
~31-n... Transmitting unit 32... Radio base station control device 33.33-1 to 33-n... Receiving unit 34.340
, 34-1 to 34-n...ID identification storage unit 35-1 to 35-n, 36-1 to 36-n...Synthesizer 37...Communication quality monitoring unit 38.38B, 38C. ...Control unit 39...Interface 40.40G...Reference crystal oscillator 41...Transmission mixer 42...Interference and disturbance detector 43...Reception mixer 45...Reception switching controller 46. ...Radio transmission circuit 47...Transmission switching controller 48...Radio reception circuit 50.50B, 50C, 50D...Mobile radio device 51.
...Transmission section 53.53-1 to 53-n...Reception section 54...I
D.Roam area information verification storage units 55-1 to 55-n,
56-1 to 56-n... Synthesis 57... Communication quality monitoring section 58.58B, 58C, 58D... Control section 59...
Telephone unit 61.61-1 to 61-n... Transmission mixer 62...
Interference detectors 63.63-1 to 63-n...reception mixer 64-1.
64-2.64-3...Selector switch 65C...Reception switching controller 66.66-1 to 66-n...Radio transmitter circuit 67G.
...Transmission switching controller 68.68-1 to 68-n...Radio receiving circuit 69...
-Mixing circuit 71...Reference crystal oscillator 91...Digital encoding circuit 92...Multiple conversion circuits 93-1 to 93-m...Communication quality monitoring receiver 94.
. . . Control transmitting/receiving section 96 . . . Antenna sharing device 71 to Z16 . . . Zone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Each wireless base means (30, 30B, 30C) each covering a plurality of zones and configuring a service area.
and mobile radio means (
50, 50B, 50C, 50D), and when the mobile radio means sends out a location registration signal containing its own identification information for registering its location, one of the radio base means transmits this location registration signal. At least one radio base means capable of communicating with each other receives data in good condition, and a barrier exchange means (20
), and the barrier exchange means to which the location registration signal is transferred receives the identification information of the mobile radio means included in the location registration signal and the radio capable of communicating with the mobile radio means. At the same time as registering the identification information of the base means, the registered information is returned to the mobile radio means via the radio base means related to the registered identification information, and the In a communication method for mobile communication in which registered information that is returned is stored, transmission and reception between the mobile radio means and the radio base means cannot be performed satisfactorily because the moving speed of the mobile radio means is high. is determined by at least one of the mobile radio means, the radio base means, and the barrier exchange means, the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio means are measured, and the traveling direction of the mobile radio means is determined. 1. A communication method for mobile communication, comprising instructing a radio base means located at a mobile radio means to prepare for transmission and reception with said mobile radio means. 2. Each radio base means (30, 30B, 30C) each covers a plurality of zones and constitutes a service area.
and a mobile radio means (50) located within the service area, in a mobile communication network including barrier exchange means (20) connecting each of the radio base stations and the general telephone network (10).
, 50B, 50C, 50D) and the radio base station, establishing, canceling, and communicating a communication path between at least one of the radio base means and the mobile radio means. In the communication method for mobile communication, in which the communication path can be changed by updating the radio base means in the mobile communication means, the communication path between the mobile radio means and the radio base means is high because the moving speed of the mobile radio means is high. measuring the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio means when it is determined that at least one of the mobile radio means, the radio base means, and the barrier exchange means is unable to transmit and receive satisfactorily; A communication method for mobile communication, comprising: instructing a radio base means located in the advancing direction of the mobile radio means to prepare for transmission/reception with the mobile radio means.