JPH01190137A - Communication method for mobile communication and its system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain communication without momentary interruption for same communication content by switching other channel with other base station satisfying the communication quality when the communication quality is deteriorated while plural base stations and a mobile radio equipment are communicating with each other. CONSTITUTION:When a communication quality monitoring section 57 detects the deterioration in the communication quality between a radio base station 30 and a mobile radio equipment 50, the radio equipment obtains the quality measurement to a peripheral base station 30. The base station 30 uses the communication quality monitoring section 37 to measure the quality, to retrieve an idle channel with excellent communication quality, and selects the base station 30 with the best quality among the received base stations 30, thereby recognizing that the communicated channel is usable. Then the control channel is used and the communication with the selected base station is informed and the transmission of the same communication signal with the other base station 30 is requested. Then the same communication content is communicated without momentary interruption.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is an integrated SDN (ISDN)
The present invention relates to a communication method and system for mobile communications suitable for the digital network era. In general, the present invention relates to a communication method and system that satisfies the communication quality when the communication quality deteriorates due to movement of a mobile terminal during communication in mobile communication using a small zone configuration.

More specifically, by using wireless channels suitable for the variety of communication types that have become more diverse due to the shift to 15DN, we will develop communication methods and systems that are superior in terms of effective frequency utilization, communication quality, and wireless line control ability. We aim to provide the following.

[Prior art] Generally, when performing mobile communication within a wide service area, one wireless base station covers the entire area and provides services.
The method for communicating with mobile objects within an area is called the large zone method. In contrast, the small zone method
The area is divided into a plurality of small areas, one wireless base station is installed in each divided area, and the mobile radio station in each area is set up. The equipment communicates with these wireless base stations.

The conventional small zone system is used, for example, in the car telephone system of NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (II)), which is currently in commercial service.In this case, the mobile radio installed in the car is As you move away from the wireless base station of the other party, for example, 5 to 7 degrees or more from the wireless base station, the reception input electric field value of the radio wave decreases, resulting in deterioration of the call quality.Therefore, in a small zone configuration, the service・Wireless base stations within the area are within 10 to 12 KJ of each other.
Therefore, in the above case, there is always another wireless base station near the current location of the car (within the 5th or 6th floor), and there is no separate connection between this new wireless base station and the mobile wireless device. radio channels to continue the call. In the Nchocho system, a radio line control station is installed to control a large number of radio base stations and mobile radios, and the radio line control station controls the setting and cancellation of calls on radio lines. It is connected to the general telephone network through a barrier switch. In the radio line 1i 111a station, when the call quality deteriorates, multiple radio base stations around the mobile radio receive the radio waves transmitted by the mobile radio,
If it is determined that the desired call quality can be maintained by having a specific wireless base station set up a new wireless channel between the mobile wireless device and the wireless base station, the new channel is set between the mobile wireless device and the wireless base station. have it done between.

FIG. 11 shows a conceptual diagram of the configuration of a conventional system that operates as described above, and will be explained using this diagram.

In FIG. 11, each zone 14A, 148.14C has a radius of about 5 to 7 floors and is surrounded by four circles.

Let us assume that zone 14D is the service area of a car telephone, and that mobile radio 15 mounted in the car is currently communicating with radio base station 13A in zone 14A. Since the automobile is traveling from zone 14A to zone 14C, the relative distance between radio base station 13A and mobile radio 15 is increasing. Assuming that communication is continuing and the car has moved from zone 14A to zone 14C,
The distance between the wireless base station 13A and the mobile wireless device 15 is 5~
The input electric field value of mutually received radio waves decreases as it becomes higher than the 7th floor.
This leads to transmission quality dropping below a certain level.

This state of quality deterioration is constantly monitored by the radio network control station 12, and when the quality deteriorates below a certain standard, radio base stations 138, 130 and 13D in the vicinity of the radio base station 13A are A request is made to measure the quality of the radio channel (assumed to be channel CH1) in use between station 13A and mobile radio 15. The radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D that received this request each tune their own radio channel search receivers (not shown) to the channel CH1, receive the signal, and report the status to the radio network control station 12. Report to. Upon receiving this report, the radio network control station 12 compares the values of the received input electric fields EB-EC1 and E of the radio base stations 13B, 13C, and 13D, and finds that Eo>E.

When EC>E and EC confirms that a certain level of quality is ensured from the perspective of transmission quality, the radio network control station 12 considers the transition from zone 14A to zone 14C, and transfers it to zone 14A. A procedure for disconnecting the wireless channel CH1 that was being used and instead using an unused channel (assuming channel CH10) among the wireless channels available at the wireless base station 13G in zone 14C, that is, during a call. Begin channel switching.

The following is the literature Yoshiyuki et al. “Car telephone radio line control” Nippon Telegraph Telephone Telecommunications Research Institute Research and Practical Application Report VO1, 26,
No. 7 This will be explained with reference to page 1885.

(1) The channel switching signal uses a control line included in each transmission path 16 between the radio network control station 12 and each radio base station 13, and between each radio base station 13 and mobile radio device 15. This is a wireless communication channel.

<2) A channel switching signal is sent to the mobile radio device 15 from the radio base station 13A with which it was previously communicating, and a radio continuity test tone is sent from the radio base station 13G with which it is trying to switch anew. It is sent to the mobile radio device 15.

(3) When the mobile radio 15 cannot receive the radio continuity test tone, it returns to the old communication channel set with the radio base station 13A and continues the communication.

The above (1) to (3) are the channel switching methods currently used by NTT during a call, but as is clear from these explanations, the caller, i.e., the car phone user, may experience the following noises during a call. It will be mixed in. That is, (a) the control signal for switching according to (1) above (in this case, 300 bits/second digital signal @) is inserted into the channel in progress after the signal of the other party is disconnected; Since it appears in the output of the receiver, it is mixed into the call as an audible sound of about 300 Hz, and the call is interrupted during this time.

(b) During the call test described in (2) above, there is no noise, but there is no sound, and during this period, the other party's voice is not transmitted to you, and your own voice is not transmitted to the other party (call disconnection).

The duration of call disconnection due to (a>, (b) above is 0.7
It is said to be ~0.8 seconds. On the other hand, the radio network control station 12
Then, the wireless base station 13G is instructed to start a conversation with the mobile wireless device 15 using, for example, channel CHIO through the transmission path 16C between the two. Since this instruction is also carried out at the same time as the continuity test described above, from this moment on, the radio base station 813A ends communication with the mobile radio device 15, and the radio base station 13C instead communicates with the mobile radio device 15. Start communication. In addition, the radio line control station 12 wirelessly connects the communication path switch SW in the gateway exchange 19 for connecting each radio base station 13 to the telephone network 9 with respect to the gateway exchange 19 that forms an interface with the telephone network 9. 1 from base station 13A
Requesting to switch to 3C. That is, the 11th
Turn off the A-4 switch using the communication path switch SW shown in the figure (shown as a blank triangle), and turn on the C-4 switch (shown as a blank triangle).
(represented by a black triangle).

With the above operations, the mobile radio 15 can be used in the car to connect any telephone in the telephone network 9 to the zone 14 of the car.
The call will continue no matter where you move from A, 14B, or 140.14D.

In this way, the user (caller) is given a technical guarantee that he or she can make a call anytime and anywhere within the service area while the car is in motion. Or - bis is being done.

Mobile communications that employ such a small zone configuration have become able to exhibit the following features that are not found in large zone systems.

(a) Effective use of frequencies through a so-called small zone configuration, in which the radio waves from one wireless base station are used only in a narrow area, and many wireless base stations are placed in the service area and the same frequency is used repeatedly. It became possible.

(b) With the advent of digital synthesizers, it has become possible to switch between hundreds of radio channels on mobile radios, and the radio Since the technology for setting and controlling lines has been established, it has become possible to contribute to the effective use of frequencies in (a).

(C) The radio channel control technology necessary to efficiently control the settings of radio channels for making and receiving calls for a large number of mobile radio devices has been established. It is now possible to switch wireless channels during communication when changing zones during wireless communication.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in the conventional system as illustrated in Fig. 11, technical measures are insufficient or no measures are taken, and users feel inconvenienced. There is a problem in that it is not possible to provide a satisfactory service, and the system needs to promote more effective use of frequencies and improve serviceability.

These problems will be explained below.

i) In order to make effective use of frequencies, it is necessary to reduce the zone radius of one zone in a small zone configuration, but if this becomes too small, mobile radios may
The probability of passing through one zone and transitioning to another increases. As a result, it is frequently necessary to change the radio channel assigned to each zone during zone migration, and at this time, it is necessary to change the old radio channel to the new radio channel for both the radio base station and the mobile radio. Conventionally, this change was made by the radio network control station 12 (FIG. 11), but this change of channel caused a temporary interruption of communication, resulting in deterioration of communication quality.

ii) There was an example in which mobile radio devices with different transmission powers were introduced into the same system and operated as devices within one system. This is, for example, a mobile radio installed in a car (in the case of an NTT car phone, the transmission output is 5W).
and a mobile phone (in the case of NTT, transmission output IW) that accesses a wireless base station for a car phone that the user can carry outdoors are housed in the same system; It is possible to share the wireless equipment that is provided, making it possible to construct an economical system.

However, from the point of view of effective frequency use, it complicates the creation of rules for reusing the same frequency, which reduces the effectiveness of effective use, and the difference in transmission power levels The possibility of interference caused by other mobile radios increases. In order to prevent this, costs have increased and the effective use of frequencies has been compromised.

Reusing the same frequency can be dealt with by increasing the control capabilities, but there are limitations to this as well.
If the number of small zones progresses beyond a certain point, υIt11 becomes impossible, or the system becomes completely unprofitable in terms of cost. Interference has not been solved by conventional methods and has been a major problem in conventional systems.

Therefore, from the standpoint of effective use of frequencies, there is a limit to the effective use of frequencies, and it has not been possible to meet the requirements in terms of utilizing limited radio wave resources.

iii) As the number of small zones progresses, there are many situations in which within a small zone served by one non-III base station, small zones served by an adjacent or the next adjacent radio base station overlap, and this is a problem that has not been achieved with conventional radio line control technology. When using technology, there was a possibility of loss of control.

This is because the radio wave propagation characteristics are subject to a large propagation loss due to the influence of topography and structures within one small zone. This effect becomes relatively large as the frequency is divided into smaller zones in order to effectively use the frequency, and as the range of one small zone becomes smaller (with a radius of 1 yen or less). In addition, relatively high-level transmitters are used in the radio base stations and mobile radios used to ensure good communication even in areas affected by terrain or structures. This means that in areas where there is no influence from terrain or structures, it becomes possible for a radio base station located far away to communicate with a mobile radio device located in another zone.

Therefore, the original concept that one small zone is managed by one wireless base station and that a wide plane that is the service area is covered by many small zones disappears, and many small zones are superimposed and one It was decided to form a service area.

As a result, in order to smoothly operate a small zone system in such a state, with the conventional technology, it is necessary to frequently set up, change, and cancel the wireless communication path, which reduces the capability of the wireless line control device. The result will be significantly higher. Therefore, it is practically impossible to secure a smooth communication path, and consideration has been given to the system configuration in order to avoid such a situation.

iv) In mobile communications, the communication quality changes significantly due to the influence of radio wave propagation characteristics as the mobile body moves, and in places where radio waves propagate poorly, communication quality is required for the system. There were problems such as the value being below the value. In order to solve this problem, various measures such as diapercity technology have been adopted, but all of them have problems such as not only increasing the cost of the equipment but also impairing the effective use of frequencies.

Furthermore, call interruptions due to transition between zones during a call are considered to be a type of communication quality problem, and a solution was needed to ensure quality.

■) No measures were taken to deal with fluctuations in communication traffic within the system.

Communication traffic fluctuations within the system are usually extremely low in public communications late at night or early in the morning, during the day at 1:00 a.m. before 10:00 a.m. and between 2:00 p.m. A large mountain of traffic can be seen,
If a system is designed to function satisfactorily even during peak traffic hours, the system components will be idle during off-peak hours, resulting in high costs.If the system is designed to be suitable for off-peak hours, costs will be extremely low. However, it became unusable during peak hours, resulting in a significant drop in service quality.

In addition, when communication traffic is slow, idle facilities within the system are effectively used to provide high-quality services, and as traffic increases, the system is transitioned to regular service. They lacked the concept of using it. One reason for this is considered to be that the system cost would rise sharply if attempts were made to solve this problem using conventional techniques.

Furthermore, when all the transceivers of a radio base station are in use, conventional systems do not have the processing capacity to process even extremely short and regular signals such as device registration signals made up of mobile radios. This was a technical constraint on the progress of smaller zones.

vi) Conventionally, location registration of mobile units communicating was done by registering and processing only the data received at one wireless base station at the same time. In systems that are subject to frequent changes, or in systems where there are restrictions on the location registration method in order to effectively utilize frequencies, it may become impossible to receive calls to mobile units due to location registration deficiencies.

This means that if the wireless transceiver installed at the wireless base station has only one channel, it must be used for control and communication in a time-sharing manner, and when communicating with a mobile wireless device, it must be used in the same zone. There was a significant negative impact when there was a location registration request from another mobile radio.

vii) The technology for providing mobile communication services using broadband signals was insufficiently mature and incomplete, causing inconvenience to users.

Conventionally, the mobile communication services that have been widely used have mainly been telephone, and those that use wide frequency bands, such as high-speed data signals, have rarely been used. This is because in mobile communication, the radio wave propagation characteristics change significantly as the mobile body moves, so there has been a lack of technology to properly receive wideband signals.

viii) Wireless line control ability and reliability were insufficient. Conventionally, wireless line settings, cancellations, and channel switching during a call were performed by a wireless line control station or wireless system control device that was installed to centralize control in one area within a certain area. Ta. Although this is effective in terms of unified management of line control through centralization, if a failure occurs in this system, it will cause a fatal accident in which the entire system will go down. Therefore, countermeasures such as duplication of hardware have been taken, but these have resulted in increased costs and have not produced satisfactory results. Also,
Signals from mobile radio equipment or radio base stations must be sent and received via transmission lines to radio network control stations that are centrally installed in one location, which causes signal delay time and reduces control performance. This was a big constraint.

ix) In conventional mobile communication on land, except in special cases, estimating the moving direction of a mobile object during communication has not been carried out due to technical difficulties. Therefore, it was not possible to obtain effective information such as the wireless line traffic situation in the area in the direction of movement, and problems remained in terms of effective frequency use and traffic management.

x) Momentary interruptions occurred when switching channels during calls between zones or within a zone, and this was also a major obstacle to creating smaller zones.

In the call channel switching method implemented by NTT, which was explained using FIG. The disadvantage is that part of the signal (300 bits/second) is mixed in and is unpleasant to the ears. If there is a temporary interruption in the call line or noise, it is not a big problem because it can be compensated for by listening again when the content of the call is voice, but it is not a big problem. When a facsimile terminal is installed and used for sending and receiving, if the channel is changed during operation, for example, for a 1-minute facsimile, a black line (or white line) will appear on the 0.8/60 part of the page, resulting in poor reception image quality. The disadvantage was that it deteriorated significantly. In the case of data communication, for example, 1
In a 200 baud data signal, approximately 1000 bits of the signal are lost, so procedures such as retransmission are required.

By the way, in order to remove the annoying noise, there are methods such as silencing the channel while changing channels or using out-of-band signals, but even if the purpose of removing the annoying noise can be achieved, it may cause the line to be disconnected. Since time still exists, the solution remained that it was completely ineffective in eliminating the negative effects on facsimile and data signals.

xi) Even if the mobile radio device is equipped with a terminal that can transmit and receive not only telephones but also high-speed data signals and wideband signals, such as image signals (hereinafter abbreviated as image signals, etc.), signal transmission is difficult. Communication was impossible due to differences in bands, differences in the functions possessed by the wireless base stations that transmit and receive data, and other factors. This is a major hindrance in the future mobile communications field, even though the trend is toward I5DN.

xii) The functions possessed by wireless base stations have traditionally been dedicated to telephone calls (however, data signals and facsimile signals that can be accommodated within the same band can be transmitted) or broadband functions; An 15DN-like system concept that can be used commonly for telephone and high-speed data, or for broadband communication signals such as image signals and the like has not been proposed.

xiii) The allocation of wireless channels used in the system has traditionally been for a single function, such as for telephone only.
For telephone (hereinafter abbreviated as low-speed signal) within the same system,
High-speed data (hereinafter referred to as medium-speed signals) or image signals (hereinafter referred to as high-speed signals) are allocated at the same time, and when these are used, the type of signal used The idea that decisions would be made on a case-by-case basis (type of service) was not proposed.

[Means for solving the problem] A plurality of radio base stations each having a radio transceiver and an ID identification storage unit, a group of switches that connect the plurality of radio base stations and a communication network, and a communication path control that controls this group of switches. a gateway exchange including an ID identification storage unit and an ID identification storage unit, and a wireless reception device that simultaneously receives a plurality of channels in order to simultaneously communicate with a plurality of wireless base stations while moving within a service area covered by the plurality of wireless base stations. A system was constructed that included a wireless transmission circuit that transmits multiple channels simultaneously, and a mobile radio that includes various terminal devices for low-speed, medium-speed, and high-speed signals.

[Operation] While multiple radio base stations and mobile radio devices are communicating the same communication content in parallel using multiple channels,
If a channel (old channel) whose communication quality falls below a certain value occurs, another channel that satisfies the certain communication quality
Communication with one wireless base station is switched to another channel (new channel), communication on the old channel is terminated, and the same communication content can be communicated without momentary interruption using multiple channels including the new channel. I made it. As a result, the following actions and effects could be obtained.

i) The reliability of location registration has been improved because each radio base station and barrier switch is equipped with an ID identification storage unit, and the location of mobile radio equipment is registered in parallel based on the data of each radio base station. .

ii) Since one channel among multiple channels whose communication quality has deteriorated is switched to a new channel, it is possible to achieve seamless channel switching during a call between zones or within a zone.

1ii) Ensuring good communication quality through the adoption of economical transmitting and receiving diversity, in other words reducing interference, and making new services using broadband signals technically possible.

iv> When traffic is slow, many channels are used for parallel communication, which allows for effective use of radio equipment and improves communication quality.

■) Since each wireless base station is equipped with an ID identification storage unit and a function that enables simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple wireless channels through high-speed switching, it is possible to process location registration signals from mobile wireless devices even during peak traffic times. It became.

vi) Parallel communication of multiple channels improves the transmission characteristics of wideband signals, resulting in improved line quality.

vii) It became possible to estimate the direction and speed of movement of a mobile radio, making it possible to ensure communication in the destination zone and to carry out advance allocation of channels to be used in the mobile prospect zone.

viii) By distributing the control of the radio line from the centralized system as in the conventional system to the mobile radio equipment or the radio base station, it has been possible to improve the control WJ processing capacity and the reliability of the system.

ix) By giving self-identification information (ID) according to the type of terminal accommodated in the mobile radio, and transmitting and receiving it by including it in the control signal for making and receiving calls, It has become possible to obtain multiple types of services simultaneously or individually.

X) The self-identification information given to the wireless base station includes the types of services that can be communicated, and is sent to and received from the mobile wireless device or gateway exchange with which it communicates, thereby allowing multiple types of services to be transmitted from the same mobile wireless device. It has become possible to respond to requests for obtaining both at the same time or individually.

xi) Providing the system with self-identification information for each radio channel assigned to each service type, and selecting the radio channel to be used between the mobile radio and the radio base station with which the mobile radio communicates, Since it has become possible for a mobile radio device to select a radio channel that matches the desired service type, effective frequency utilization, communication quality, radio line control ability, etc. have improved.

[Embodiment] FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, and FIG. 1C show an example of a system configuration for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1A, 10 is a general communication network (a communication network that enables high-speed data communication and transmission of image signals, etc.), which includes an exchange a11 for general communication. Reference numeral 20 denotes a gateway switch for connecting the general communication switch 11 included in the communication network 10 and the wireless system. The gateway switch 20 has a plurality of wireless base stations 30-1.30-
2. ....

A device that connects 30-n and many mobile radio devices with telephones, etc. (including high-speed data terminals, video terminals, etc., but abbreviated as telephones, etc. for simplicity) accommodated in the general communication network 10. is controlled by a communication path control unit 21 that sends and receives control signals between each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 3O-rl, and controls the cancellation of communication path settings, etc. A switch group 23 necessary for switching communication paths for establishing connections between each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n and the barrier exchange 20 and the exchange 11 is included.

FIG. 1B shows a mobile radio 50 communicating with each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. The received signal received by the antenna section enters a radio reception circuit 68 that includes a reception mixer 63 and a reception section 53, and the communication signal output from the radio reception circuit 68 is inputted to a control section 58 and a terminal section 59.

The terminal section 59 includes a telephone terminal 59-L and a data terminal 59-2.
, an image terminal 59-3, etc., and these are used individually or simultaneously depending on their respective purposes. Further, each terminal in the terminal section 59 is given its own self-identification information (terminal ID). Examples of these are shown in Figures 2C (e) and (f). In Fig. 2C (e), the service class ID, terminal ID, pin number I
D is the same regardless of the service type of each terminal, but only the service type ID differs depending on the type of communication (service type), such as whether it is a telephone terminal, data terminal, or image terminal. .

The service class referred to here refers to VIP class, which refers to important subscribers and users who pay a high basic fee in order to obtain high-quality services. It means. Therefore, the service class ID is, for example, the most important VI
P 90. Below 80, 70. ...It means to identify like 10. Next, the terminal ID is, for example, a telephone number given to an NTT telephone subscriber.
Used to identify one terminal from another.

The PIN ID is a number known only to the user, like the PIN of a cash card, and is effective in preventing unauthorized use by others.

On the other hand, Fig. 2C (f>) shows the ID given to the terminal.
The figure shows a case where the number of cases differs depending on the type of service. The present invention is applicable to either of these two examples.

Also, the difference between FIG. 2C (e) and FIG. 2C (f) will be explained.

First, the terminal included in the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. , have the same ID. Next, in Fig. 2C (f), on the other hand, the service class for receiving telephone service and the service class for high-speed data communication are different.
Choose one suitable for terminal users who wish to assign classes, terminal IDs, or passwords separately.

The radio receiving circuit 68, the radio transmitting circuit 66, the antenna, etc. shown in FIG. 1B are configured to be able to transmit and receive the various signals described above. In other words, the characteristics of the amplifier etc. are such that they can satisfactorily amplify signals ranging from a narrow band to a wide band, and the modulator/demodulator also satisfies the required characteristics.

Depending on the system, the purpose can be achieved by installing not one amplifier but separate narrowband, medium band, and wideband amplifiers and switching between them, but in the following explanation, one amplifier is used. It shall be possible. Similarly, it is assumed that only one modem is installed.

In some cases, the service content may be combined (simultaneous use) for telephone calls and data, or for telephone calls and images. However, in the case of analog signals, these are arranged by band, whereas in the case of digital signals, they are arranged by band. In the case of , it is assumed that the signal is converted into a multiplexed single signal by each multiplex conversion circuit.

Therefore, the above combinations are used in combination. It can be regarded as a signal with a wide (large) band (speed) among the signals, and all of them satisfy the transmission characteristics on the hardware.

Mobile radio devices 50 accommodated in the system include many types of service types. In other words, there are so-called single-function type terminals that can only use telephone, data, or images, terminals, telephone, data, or data and images, and roughly three types of terminals: telephone, data, and images, and terminals that can be used in combination. However, in the following description, unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that the terminal is capable of transmitting and receiving three types of data: telephone, data, and images.

Now, the communication signal output from the terminal section 59 is applied to a radio transmission circuit 66 including a transmission mixer 61 and a transmission section 51, and the transmission signal is sent out from the antenna section and received by the radio base station 30.

In addition, we constantly monitor the communication quality during communication and if it deteriorates,
A communication quality monitoring section 57 that reports this to the control section 58 monitors the presence or absence of interference during communication, and when it detects interference of a certain amount or more, reports it to the control section 58. An ID/roam/area information collation storage unit 54 for storing the ID of the device 62 and the own mobile radio 50, and for identifying and storing the zone in which the user is located is provided with the connections as shown in the figure. has been done.

This mobile radio 150 includes a synthesizer 55-1.
．． 55-2. ..., 55-n and 56-1.56-
2. ..., 56-n, and selector switch 64-1.64
-2, and a reception switching controller 65G and a transmission switching controller 67C that generate signals for switching and controlling the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, respectively.
Synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n and 56-1 to 56-n
and both switching controllers 65C and 67G are connected to the control unit 58.
controlled by. Each synthesizer 55-1 to 5
A reference frequency is supplied from a reference crystal oscillator 71 to 5-n and 56-1 to 56-n.

FIG. 1C shows a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio 50, which has almost the same configuration as the mobile radio 150 shown in FIG. 1B, but has a different configuration. There are transmission and reception switching controllers 55-1 to 55-1.
55-n, 56-1 to 56-n, there is no changeover switch 64-1, 64-2 for switching the synthesizer, and 10
- There is no roam area information collation storage unit 54 (Fig. 1B), and the synthesizer is also used for reception and transmission 35-1.36-
1, and has an ID identification storage section 34 for identifying and storing ID numbers of the self and communication destination, and does not have a terminal section 59 (FIG. 1B). The point is that an interface 39 to the barrier switch 20 is provided. Note that the above-mentioned self-ID number includes the functions of the radio base station, such as telephone, data, etc., and by transmitting this ID to the mobile radio 50, for example, the mobile radio 50, depending on the type of service, It can be used when selecting the wireless base station 308.

Further, it is assumed that the transmission path connecting the wireless base station 30 and the gateway exchange 20 satisfies required characteristics depending on the type of signal. However, in the following description, for the sake of simplicity, it is assumed that the wireless base station 30 is capable of transmitting and receiving telephone, data, and image signals unless otherwise specified.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1C and FIG. 1B will be listed below, and description of each function will be omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the corresponding components in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51') Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizer 35-1 (55-1 to 55-n>Synthesizer 36-1 (56-1 to 56-n>Communication quality monitoring section 37)
(57) Control unit 38 (5B) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68) FIG. 1D shows another embodiment 30B of a radio base station 30 (for example, 30-1>) that communicates with the mobile radio device 50, and the configuration of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. They are almost the same, but the difference is that they do not have an ID/roam/area information collation storage unit 54 (FIG. 1B), but instead have an ID identification storage unit 34 for identifying and storing ID numbers of themselves and communication destinations. , there is no terminal section 59 (FIG. 1B), and the terminal section 5
Interface 3 to barrier switch 20 which replaces 9
9 is provided.

Each component corresponding to FIG. 1D and FIG. 1B is listed below, and description of each function is omitted. Here, the numbers in parentheses are
1B is the number of each corresponding component in FIG. 1B.

Transmitting section 31 (51) Receiving section 33 (53) Synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n (55-1 to 55-n) Synthesizers 36-1 to 36-n (56-1 to 56-n> Communication quality monitoring section 37 (57) Control unit 38B (58) Reference crystal oscillator 40 (71) Transmission mixer 41 (61) Interference disturbance detector 42 (62) Reception mixer 43 (63) Radio transmission circuit 46 (66) Radio reception circuit 48 (68 ) FIG. 1E shows another embodiment of the radio base station 30, in which a radio base station 30C including a plurality of transceivers shares an antenna sharing device 96 and a radio base station control device 32. transmission/reception 8190-1 to 90-m, and 1st D
m communication quality monitoring receivers 93-1 to 9 having both the functions of the radio receiving circuit 48 and the communication quality monitoring section 37 shown in the figure.
3-m and a control transceiver 94 dedicated to a control channel for control signals, which are connected to the communication network 10 via the barrier switch 20.
It is connected to the.

The configuration of one transmitter/receiver 1190 of the transmitters/receivers 90-1 to 90-m used in FIG. 1E is shown in FIG. The connection relationship between the control section 38C and the reference crystal oscillator 40C is shown.

The transmitter/receiver 1190 shown in FIG. 1F has almost the same configuration as the wireless base station 30B shown in FIG. 1D,
Many transceivers 90 share the ID identification storage section 34C9 control section 38C and reference crystal oscillator 40G.

Since the transmitter/receivers 90-1 to 90-mGc shown in FIG. 1E have such a configuration, the changeover switch 44-1
．． 44-2, if one specific synthesizer is selected from among the synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n, the number of radio base stations 30C shown in FIG. 1E is m. channels can be transmitted and received simultaneously.

In addition, a changeover switch 44-1゜44 for transmitting and receiving 1190
-2 and chop the synthesizers 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1 to 36-n at high speed and switch them repeatedly, one transmitter/receiver 190 can simultaneously transmit and receive n channels. Is possible. therefore,
The radio base station 30C in FIG. 1E can simultaneously transmit and receive up to mxn channels. However, the value of myan assumes that there are sufficient radio channels (mx n) allocated to the same service type, and as a result of high-speed chopping, a reduction in transmission output occurs, so it must be compensated for with an amplifier, etc. Since it is also assumed that no interference occurs, the actual limit is a value considerably smaller than mxn due to channel allocation restrictions, interference occurrence, and hardware conditions.

Another embodiment of the mobile radio 50 is shown in FIG. 1G.

The difference between the mobile radio device 50B shown in FIG. 1G and the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG.
3, a reception mixer 73 and a C/N measuring reception section 52 are provided, and both reception mixers 63 and 73 have switching controlled by a reception switching controller 65C and a control section 58B, respectively. Switches 64-16 and 6
The outputs of the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are applied to the transmitter mixer 61 via the transmitter 4-3.
The point is that the outputs of the synthesizers 56-1 to 56-n are applied through a changeover switch 64-2 controlled by C.

The mobile radio device 50B shown in FIG. 1G has a function that has a particularly remarkable reception diversity effect.

A part of the reception signal received by the antenna section of mobile radio 1150 is added to reception mixer 73 . Receive mixer 7
The outputs from the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n are added as local excavation frequencies to the synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n via the changeover switch 64-3.

This changeover switch 64-3 is different from other changeover switches 64-
It is not necessary to switch at a high speed like 1 or 64-2, and a low switching speed of, for example, about 10 Hz is sufficient. When the changeover switch 64-3 is in the position to obtain the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N value (carrier-to-noise ratio value) of the channel CHI measured by the C/N measurement receiving section 52 is sent to the control section 58B. introduce. Then, selector switch 64-3
is in a position to obtain the output of synthesizer 55-2,
Measure the C/N value of channel C[]2. In the following order, when the synthesizer 55-n is in a position to turn on its output, the C/N value of CHn is measured and transmitted to the control unit 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65G and the transmission switching controller 67G so that they each operate at a speed inversely proportional to the C/N value, for example.

Next, a system for increasing the reception diversity effect will be briefly described. FIG. 1H shows an example of the configuration of the mobile radio device 50C in this case.

In FIG. 1H, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio device 50G is divided into n equal parts by the antenna input section, and each radio wave is divided into n equal parts by the radio receiving circuits 68-1, 68-2, 68-2, 68-1, 68-2, 68-1, 68-2, . ....

68-n. Each radio receiving circuit 68-1 to 68-
receive mixers 63-1, 63-2 . ...
, 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-2°..., 53
-n is provided, and reception mixers 63-1 to 63
-n respectively have synthesizers 55-1, 55-2.
..., the local excavation frequency from 55-n is input.

Therefore, in the configuration shown in the same figure, there is no reception changeover switch 64-1 shown in FIG.
It is possible to receive and demodulate signals of 1, CH2°, . . . , CHn. In addition, these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n
A part of the output signal is sent to the control unit 58C, and another part is added to the mixing circuit 69 and processed in the same way as the normal diversity reception 11 (in this case, combining after detection), and the other part is sent to the terminal. The information is sent to Department 59. In addition, each receiving section 53-1~
A part of the output of 53-n is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 57, respectively.
-1 to 57n, and their outputs are applied to the control section 58C, respectively.

FIG. 11 shows a mobile radio device 50D that is different from the mobile radio device 50C shown in FIG. 1
51-n, and a signal to be transmitted is commonly connected and applied to each transmitter 51-1 to 51-n, and is controlled by a controller 58D. ,
The outputs from the synthesizers 56-1 to 56-n, each of which generates a controlled and instructed frequency, are sent to each transmission mixer 6.
1-1 to 61-n. This mobile radio! f
&50D, like the mobile radio 50G (FIG. 1H), can continuously transmit a plurality of radio channels without chopping using the changeover switch 64-2.

By adopting the circuit configuration shown in FIGS. 1H and 11, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect.

Mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> and radio base station 30 (B
, C) For control signals with the gateway exchange 20, a control channel dedicated to control signals may be used, or a signal outside the communication (talk) signal band may be used.

In order to transmit this control signal outside the communication (speech) signal band, specifically, when the control signal is an analog signal, a second
As shown in Figure A (a), the communication channel band range is from 0.3 to
Low frequencies fDo outside 3.0 KH2 (e.g. about 100
)-1z) or higher frequency f. 1. ID2. f[)3
... f, 8 (for example, 3.8KH7 to 0.1KHz
8 waves up to 4.5 KH2 at intervals) are used.

When there is a large amount of control data such as items to be controlled, the wave number of the control frequency fDo"fD& may be increased roughly by .degree., or a subcarrier format may be used.

At this time, more control data can be transmitted by applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one or more waves behind fDo to f08, for example.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as a control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted.
It is shown in Figure A (b>). In Figure 2A (b), an audio signal is digitized by a digital encoding circuit 91, the audio signal is multiplexed with a data signal by a multiplex conversion circuit 92, and then applied to the modulation circuit of the transmitter 31. This is an example of a case where similar multiple conversion is possible in the mobile radio device 50 as well.

FIG. 2B (C) shows the arrangement of control signals in the case of high-speed data signals. In this case, the high speed data signal is 0°3~20KH
Since it has a signal component in 03.2, the control signal has a signal component in 03.2. KH2 or less or 20.0KH2 or more, for example 23.8-24.5K
This is an example where it is placed in H2. Figure 2B (d) shows the case where the image signal is digitized and transmitted, and the content is as shown in Figure 2A.
This is similar to the digitization of the audio signal in Figure (b).

Below, the functions of the mobile radio tI50 (B, C, D), the radio base station 30 (B, C), and the barrier switch 20 will be explained in order.

(A>Mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> First, among the functions provided by the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the function of the control unit 58 (B, C, D>) will be explained. Control unit 5
8 (B, C, D>) has the following basic functions.

i) Commands the wireless transmission circuit 66 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> to emit or stop radio wave transmission, and controls the transmission power level.

ii) Instruct the radio receiving circuit 68 of the own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) to receive or stop radio waves.

1ii) A dial signal transmission permission command and a communication signal transmission/reception command to the five terminal units.

iv) Synthesizer groups 55-1 to 55-n and 56-
Oscillation frequency (channel) designation, excavation command and stop command for 1 to 56-n.

■) Control command for the reception and transmission switching controller 650.67G.

vi) Determining whether or not to change one or more channels to be used based on information from the communication quality monitoring unit 57.

vii) Determining whether or not to change the channel to be used based on information from the interference detector 62.

viii) Confirm the ID of the other party to communicate with and determine the channel to be used based on the information from the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54.

Note that the ID roam area information collation storage unit 54 selects available radio channels from the mobile radio device 50 (B,
C, D) are stored according to the type of service required,
It can be used when making/receiving calls or when switching channels during communication.

ix) Transfer of a communication channel to a mobile radio device of a higher service type or service class, or transfer of the number of transmitting and receiving diversity systems (number of arms).

X) For reception (transmission) switching controller 650.67C,
Determination of on/off duty conditions.

xi) being higher than the radio base station 30 in terms of control decisions; This means that when there is a disagreement with the radio base station 30 regarding control decisions, it is possible to exercise initiative over the radio base station 30.

xii) Estimating the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).

xiii) Performing communication channel upgrades (described below).

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions can be provided.

1) The ID roam area information collation storage unit 5 checks the radio channels used by other mobile radios and other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>).
4 and used when making a call or switching communication channels.

The channel numbers stored in the ID roam area information verification storage section 54 will be specifically explained.

FIG. 8 shows an example of radio channels allocated to this system. For example, when the mobile radio 50 has a terminal section 59 as shown in FIG. 1B, the channels that can be called at a certain point are: Channels CH1, 2, 3, ..., 100 for calls (including low-speed data communication)
Channels CH101 and 10 are used for high-speed data communication (including facsimile communication) with a frequency interval of 12°5KH2.
2,...

150, frequency interval 50KH2, channels CH151, 152 for wideband signal communication (including video communication).
..., 200, the frequency interval is 200KH2, and usually a small zone configuration is used, so the number of zone repetitions is 12 to 37 (
For example, since the same channel number is not used within 12 zones, the same channel number is used for each 12 zones).

In addition, channels CH201,
202,...,225 with a frequency interval of 12.5 KHz or 50 to 200 KHz for wideband signal communication.
A frequency interval of

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when comparing the width of call traffic, it is possible to eliminate the number of channels used for communication at the same time, suppress calls, and recommend disconnection or early termination of channels in use. implementation.

3) Using the functions i), vi), and vii),
Setting the optimum transmission level for own mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>).

4) One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Determine the optimal channel to use depending on the type of communication (telephone, fax data, images, etc.).

In addition, the control functions associated with transition to another zone include: 6) Selection of a new wireless base station 30 after switching channels during communication. At this time, the service type of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) as well as the moving direction are taken into account to
Make a selection.

7) For the gateway exchange 20, open/close the switch group 23 of the communication path and request parallel use of the communication path via the wireless base station 30.

To express the above control function in one word, it means that a part of the function of the radio network control station 12 in FIG. 9 used in the conventional technology is accommodated in the mobile radio 1a50 (B, C, D). be. This becomes possible only by using VLSI technology, which has recently made remarkable progress, and can be described as making mobile radio equipment intelligent. However, even if mobile radio equipment is made intelligent using conventional technology, there are limits to its effectiveness.
In particular, it has no effect on improving radio line control capabilities or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call, and only by using the method of the present invention will it become intelligent in both name and reality to be suitable for the I5DN era. It turns out.

(B) Wireless base station 30 (B, C) Devices each having the following functions are set in the wireless base station 30.

a) Each radio base station has a dedicated radio transceiver for transmitting and receiving a small number (usually one) of control channels, and a dedicated radio transceiver for communication channels corresponding to the number of communication channels assigned to the radio base station 30. Several radio transceivers are installed. For example, the description will be made assuming the wireless base station 30C in FIG. 1E and assuming that the type of communication is only phone calls. The number of communication channels to be allocated to one radio base station 30C is the number of communication channels that should be assigned to one radio base station 30C, depending on the number of mobile radios 50 (B, C) existing in the small zone that it is in charge of.
The optimum value is given by the call traffic of . If the area of the zone is large and there are many mobile radio devices in the area, the call traffic will inevitably increase, so at least one υ control channel and multiple call channels are required, and the transmitter/receiver Naturally, a plurality of numbers 90 (FIG. 1F) are required. In NTT's car telephone system, there is an example in which υ1 is allocated to two control channels and a maximum of about 60 communication channels in the case of a large conference.

However, the size of the zone gradually became smaller, and finally the above-mentioned document, Ito "Proposal of Mobile Telephone System", Communications Society of Japan, Communication System Study Group Material C5-86-88, 1986, 1
As shown in January, when it comes to a very small zone with a radius of about 25 meters, the wireless base station that handles this area as a service area has to decide whether to install a wireless channel there in terms of call traffic, method, and cost. In some cases, control and telephone calls are each handled as one function, and the radio equipment that covers these functions has one transmission and reception function.

In other words, one transceiver must be used for both control and communication (see Figure 1D). Moreover, this dual-purpose system initially responds to calls from mobile radios using the control channel, and after specifying an available call channel, it changes to the call channel itself and uses the same call channel. Instead of simply communicating with multiple mobile radios, as will be explained later, even during communication using a single mobile radio and a communication channel, it is possible to interfere with the radio frequency signals being transmitted and received, as will be explained later. By repeatedly switching between the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed that is extremely fast, it is possible to accept calls and make calls to mobile radios 50 (B, C, D) that wish to make and receive new calls. A feature of the present invention is that it has an excellent function of

As explained above, there are various possible configurations of the wireless base stations 30 (B, C), and the present invention is applicable to all of them.

However, in the radio base station 30 of FIG. 1A, only one set of transmitter/receiver is shown, and the rest are omitted.

b) The transmitter/receiver dedicated to communication channels installed in each radio base station 30 (B, C) is capable of receiving one channel out of the plurality of radio channels among the radio channels assigned to that radio base station. Of course, in zones with severe traffic fluctuations, wireless base 8
One transceiver 90 installed in 30G (Figure 1E)
Assume that the configuration is as shown in FIG. 1F. That is, the configuration of the portion that transmits and receives radio signals is substantially the same as that of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. As a result, the call traffic in this zone increases, and even in the wireless base station 30G, where the number of transmitters and receivers 90 is installed to m1il for normal m channel communication, due to the increase in call traffic, communication of m channels or more is required. In this case, one transmitter/receiver 9 constituting the wireless base station 30C
0, the synthesizer 35-1.
In addition to 1, there are 35-2.35-3. ..., 35-n and 36-2.36-3. ..., 36-n and changeover switches 44-1 and 44-2 are operated. This allows the conventional m
What was previously possible to transmit and receive channels now becomes capable of transmitting and receiving up to mxn channels. The number of channels that can be used simultaneously increases dramatically.

However, the transmission power of each channel will decrease depending on the number of switches unless a power amplifier is installed at the output of the transmission mixer 61, so it is necessary to pay attention to this point, and the total number of channels given to the system will decrease. It becomes the upper limit. Alternatively, if interference is to be caused to a channel that is communicating in another zone, the number of channels less than that is the limit.

The radio base station 30B in FIG.
0 (B, C, D>) Even during communication using the communication channel I/channel, the communication channel and I control are switched at a switching speed that does not interfere with the transmitting/receiving radio frequency as described above. By repeatedly switching channels, it is possible to accept calls and make calls possible even for the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) to which a new call is desired.

Although the above explanation has been made with the signal limited to a phone call signal, it is clear that this also applies to data and image signals other than phone calls.

However, in order to do this, the transceiver installed in the wireless base station 30 (B) must have characteristics suitable not only for telephone calls but also for high-speed data and image signals, and the channels to be used must be selected from channels suitable for signal transmission. There is a need to. The selection of the channel to be used can be easily carried out because the wireless base station 30 (B) has a function of identifying the service type ID.

This will be further explained below using FIG. 1F.

The control unit 38G has the following basic functions.

i) Commanding the transmitter 31 of the transceiver 90 included in the own wireless base station 30G to emit or stop transmitting radio waves and controlling the transmission power level.

11) Instructing the receiving unit 33 of the own wireless base station 30G to receive radio waves or to stop the radio waves.

1ii) Notify the gateway exchange 1120 whether dialing signals can be sent or not, and whether voice transmission/reception is possible.

Punishment) Synthesizer groups 35-1 to 35-n and 36-1
Excavation frequency (channel) designation, oscillation command and stop command for ~36-n.

■) Control commands to the reception and transmission switching controllers 45 and 47.

vi) Mobile radio device 50 (B.

Determine whether or not to transmit to C, D>.

vii) Determining whether or not to change the used channel based on information from the interference detector 42.

viii) Based on the information from the ID identification storage unit 34C,
Confirm the ID of the other party to communicate with and determine the channel to be used. Note that the ID identification storage unit 34C stores usable radio channels by service type of signals that can be transmitted and received by the radio base station 30C, and can be used when switching communication channels with the mobile radio device 50. be.

ix) Based on a request from a mobile radio with a higher rank of service type, the mobile radio 1150 currently communicating (B.

Aim to end communications with C and D) early. Or terminate immediately.

X) Determination of on/off duty conditions for the reception and transmission switching controllers 45 and 47.

xi) Regarding control decisions, mobile radio IQ50 (B, C
.

D) be of lower rank. This concerns control decisions;
When the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) is different, the initiative is transferred to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) by vA. However, regarding xi), for convenience of explanation, In the actual system, wireless base station 3
There is no problem in giving 0 the initiative (it is possible to implement it).

xii) As already explained in a) and b), in the case of a radio device that serves both a communication channel and a control channel, the first D
As shown in the figure, a plurality of synthesizers 35-1 to 35-
A mobile radio device 50 that desires to make and receive new calls by repeatedly switching the communication channel and the control channel at a switching speed that does not interfere with the radio frequencies for transmitting and receiving signals. (It must also have the function to accept calls to and from B, C, and D> and to enable communication.

Next, by using the functions i) to xii) in combination, the following applied functions are provided.

1) The ID identification storage unit 34C stores the radio channels used by other radio base stations operating in the vicinity of the own radio base station 30 (B, C) and other mobile radio equipment, and makes a call or Used when switching channels during communication.

2) As one application of the functions x) and xi), when communication traffic is congested, suppressing calls, disconnecting used channels, or recommending early termination.

3) Using the functions i), vi), and vii),
Setting the optimum transmission level in the own radio base station 30.

4) One application of the function in 3) is to determine the optimal signal speed for digital signal transmission.

5) Type of communication (telephone, fax, data, images, etc.)
The optimal channel to use is determined by In addition, the control functions associated with transition to another zone include: 6) Mobile radio device 5° (B,
Based on the signals from C, D), communication of reception quality data and, if selected as the new radio base station 30 (8, C), start communication.

7) For the barrier switch 20, the mobile radio 50 (
Based on requests from B, C, and D), opening/closing the communication path switch group 23 and requesting parallel use of the communication paths.

8) After performing channel switching during communication, the ID and communication channel number of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) with which the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>) with which it was communicating is stored for a certain period of time.

9) Each radio base station 30 that received a location registration signal (using control channel) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the report from (B, C), the mobile radio 5
0 (B, C, D> ID (self-identification information) is stored in the ID identification storage unit 24 via the communication path control unit 21 included in the barrier exchange 20.

In this case, in the present invention, a plurality of wireless base stations 30 (8°C
), the mobile radio device 50 makes a location registration request.
(The quality of the signal received at B, C, D> (S/N, C/N
decibel values) are also stored.

10) Each radio base station 30 that received a calling signal (control channel used) from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>
Based on the report from (8, C), the wireless base station with the best received signal quality and the next best wireless base station 30 (B, C)
) or mobile radio 50 (B.

By detecting the moving direction, speed, etc. of C, D>, a wireless base station 30 (B, C) of a new zone is selected in anticipation of the destination zone. Mobile radio ll50 (
Specify the currently unused communication channel number to be used for communication with B, C, D>. Mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C
, D> is sent.

To express the above control functions in one word, some of the functions of the radio network control station 12 in FIG.
m50 (B, C), radio network control station 1
This makes it possible to accommodate all the functions of 2, making it possible to abolish the radio line control station 12.

However, even if the wireless base station 30 is made intelligent using conventional technology, there is a limit to its effectiveness, especially when it comes to improving the ability of wireless line control or eliminating instantaneous interruptions when switching channels during a call. This means that it is not effective, and that it becomes intelligent in both name and reality only by using the method according to the present invention.

(C) Gateway Switch 20 The barrier switch 20 having the configuration shown in FIG. 1A is a mobile radio device 50 in the mobile communication system according to the present invention.
ID identification storage unit 2 to store location information of (B, C)
4), establishes a communication path between the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C), opens and closes the switch group 23 under the control of the communication path control unit 21, and controls the mobile radio 6150 (B, C) in the mobile communication system. , C) and communication network 1 outside the system
0, and is in charge of opening and closing the switch group 23 under the control of the communication path control unit 21.

The functions of the barrier switch 20 will be explained in detail below.

a) Execution of the operation of the switch group 23 to be opened and closed in connection with the call originating from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D), and when the called party is included in the communication network 10, the barrier Conveying information necessary to set up communications with the called party to exchange 120.

b) An incoming call signal to the mobile radio 1150 (B, C, D) is transmitted from the calling party included in the communication network 10 to the own barrier switch 20
When the data is transmitted via the communication path control unit 21, the switch group 23 to be opened and closed is operated, and the I/O
The called mobile radio device 50 (
Confirm the current position of B, C, D>.

C) In connection with an incoming call to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D>), the radio base station 30 ( 8,0
) to send a call signal. First, this paging signal is sent to all the radio base stations 30 (B, C) whose current location of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is registered,
Each radio base station 30 (B, C) that receives this sends out an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) at the same time using the downlink control channel. However, this transmission time does not necessarily have to be the same time, and each radio base station 30 (
B and C) may be transmitted sequentially in chronological order.

In other words, it is only necessary to take measures to avoid interference caused by signal time differences.

d) When the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> starts communication, if the communication traffic situation within the system allows it, determines whether to implement transmitting/receiving dynamism and instructs the execution of the operation.

e) Mobile radio device 50 performing transmitting/receiving diversity (
Regarding 8, C, D>, if the traffic increases, or if an important subscriber makes a call or a person requesting broadband signal service appears at that time, the multiplicity of transmitting and receiving diversity (number of used channels) will decrease or Determining and executing diapercity suspension.

f) According to items a) to e), the mobile radio device 50 (
B, C, D) may be located within the same zone or change zones as the wireless base station 30 (B, C, D) moves.
If the communication quality with B or C) deteriorates, it is determined whether to switch the channel during communication (busy) for that channel.

Note that in order to perform this operation, the opposing wireless base station 3
It is necessary to send a control signal to 0 (B, C), but this instruction (control signal) is sent to the upper or lower frequency band of the frequency band of the communication signal using a communication channel as shown in Figure 2A (a). This is done using

g) By moving the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>, each radio base 830 (B, C) is communicating with the other
The measurement results of changes in reception quality of mobile radio 1fi50 (B
, C, D), the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> movement direction and movement speed were estimated, and on the other hand, the radio base station 30 (B.

The traffic state (the usage state of communication channels) in C) is comprehensively judged, and if necessary, the mobile radio 1150 (B,
A judgment is made and executed as to whether to gradually decrease or increase the multiplicity of transmitting/receiving diversity in C and D).

Next, the operation of the entire system will be explained in terms of the following items.

(1) Location registration (2) Call origination operation (3) Call reception operation (4) Application of diversity during times of low traffic (5) Explanation and rationale for channel switching during communication and the diversity effect.

(6) Communication channel allocation method for estimating the moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and taking measures against traffic congestion.

(7) The relationship between the implementation of communication (talk) restrictions during times of communication traffic congestion and service types and service classes.

(8) Upgrading the wireless channel to be used when a wireless channel of a higher service type (broadband communication) is available.

(1) In the home area where the location registration mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is permanently installed, or in the roam area which is an area within the service other than the home area, the gateway switch 20 and surrounding wireless When the bases 830-1 to 30-n are operating, the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>
When the power switch is turned on to start operation, the first thing that is performed is a location registration operation. The flow of this location registration operation is shown and explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B.

When the power switch of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> is turned on, a signal to start an operation for registering the current location is transmitted to nearby radio base stations, e.g., using an uplink control channel (CH). 30-1 to 3Q-n (S201, FIG. 4A).
, D> is received (S202>,
The radio base station 30 confirms the start of operation of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> 3203), and after confirming (S203Y
ES), if the downlink control channel is off, it is turned on and permission to send a location registration signal is sent out using the downlink control channel (S204).

Upon receiving permission to send a location registration signal (3205>, the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D>) transmit a location registration signal with their own ID (identification number) using the uplink control channel V channel. (3206>.The ID sent at this time is
All the IDs shown in FIG. 2C (e) or (') may be sent, or only the IDs of the desired service type at that time may be sent.

Now, communication using this control channel is possible even in the radio base station 30B shown in FIG.
Even if 8 is already in use with another mobile radio, multiple channels can be chopped at high speed and transmitted and received at the same time, so it is always secured.

Upon receiving the location registration signal (S207), the wireless base station 3
0 (B, C), the reception quality is inspected and the wireless base station 3
0 If a service type with which (B, C) can communicate is included, its ID is stored.

Furthermore, even if a service type with which wireless base stations 30 (B, C) cannot communicate is included, information on that day is added and stored (3208>.The latter is necessary when switching communication channels, etc.) Wireless base station 30 (B
, C).

Now, if the received quality is above a certain value as a result of checking (S209 YES, FIG. 4B), a location registration request signal is sent to the gateway exchange 20 (5210>. If you would like to receive this registration request signal 5211 ) In the barrier exchange 1120, it is registered that the reception quality and position are stored in the plurality of wireless base stations 30-1 to 30-n (S212>
. When this registration work is completed, a registration completion signal is sent out (S213>. The radio base station 30 (B, C) that has received this registration completion signal uses the downlink control channel to transmit a registration completion signal to the mobile radio device 50 (B, C). , D>.

Mobile radio device 50 receives the registration completion signal (S215)
(B, C, D> inspects the received content and stores the ID (identification number @) of each registered wireless base station 30 (B, C) in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54 (S216
>.

With the above operations, the location registration operation is completed and the device enters a standby state for an incoming call.

Note that, as is clear from the above description, the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C) of the mobile communication system according to the present invention.

D) Location registration differs from conventional systems in that IDs corresponding to service types are registered at multiple locations (in units of wireless base stations). This represents one feature of the present invention. In addition, wireless base 830 (B, C),
When storing the location registration information, the gateway exchange 20 measures the quality of the location registration signal sent from the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) and stores the measured value. Therefore, for example, in the gateway exchange 20, in order to store the location registration signals of the mobile radio devices 30 (B, C, D),
I of wireless base station 30 (B, C) with high reception quality
For example, along with D, the signals are stored in descending order of reception quality as shown below.

1st table history Konsei Screaming Man Tax Inspector Writer Yutaka Kari Presenting Wongzi Date IO S/N (C/N) Hours, Minutes, Seconds 30-1
50 50 1987.8, 1113,
24.56 30-2 50 45 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 30-3 50 35 1987. &,
1113, 24.56 30-4 50 30 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 30-5 50 25 1987.8,
1113, 24.56 Similarly, each radio base station also stores not only information received by the radio base stations 30 (B, C), but also information received from surrounding radio base stations as shown in Table 1.

This occurs when a communication path is set up between the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) and the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).

This information is not only useful when switching channels during communication due to the movement of mobile radio device 50 (B).
This is because it is necessary to estimate the moving direction, speed, etc. of , C, D).

For the same reason as above, mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C,
The ID roam area information collation storage unit 54 in D> also stores information in the same manner as in Table 1.

Next, when the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D> is on standby (not talking), moves from the zone where the location was registered,
Suppose that it has moved to an adjacent zone. For example, in a system where control signals are constantly being sent from the wireless base stations 30 (B, C), this recognition of movement requires the ID of the wireless base station 30 (B, C) included in the received control signal to be moved. Radio 5
It can be determined by comparing it with the ID stored in 0 (B, C, D).

In a system in which control signals are not always sent from the radio base stations 30 (B, C, D>), the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D> , C) using the uplink control channel, and in response, each wireless base station 30
Wireless base station 30 (B, C) sent from (B, C)
This is possible by comparing the ID in C) with the ID information stored in the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D).

In any of the above systems, among the ID information of the radio base stations 30 (B, C) obtained as a result, the base station ID information previously stored in the mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D>) If it is discovered that there is at least one new base station ID information that is different, the mobile radio 50
(B, C, D> are judged to have moved to the new zone,
The control unit 58 (B, C) (see FIG. 1B) updates the location registration in the ID roam area information verification storage unit 54. In other words, the mobile radio 5 uses the uplink control channel.
0 ID information of (B, C, D) is sent to the surrounding wireless base station 30.
Send to (B, C).

A plurality of wireless base stations 30 (B
, C), perform the same procedure as already explained,
The location registration signal of the mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) is sent to the gateway exchange 20. Upon receiving this signal, the gateway switch 20 operates the ID identification storage unit 24 in its own device and replaces the old information with new information as the location registration information of the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>). This will cause
The location registration of mobile radio equipment 50 (B, C, D) is updated.

The above update work is necessary because the mobile radio@50 (B, C, D) is in standby mode, and if you move to a new zone during communication (talking), the update work at the barrier switch 2
0, allocate a new communication channel to the new wireless base station (B, C)
and a mobile radio 50 (B.

C and D), the location registration is updated at the same time, so no special operation is required.

Note that in a system where the number of radio devices installed in the radio base stations 30 (B, C) is small and the radio devices for control channels are diverted to communication channels, the radio base stations 30 (
When B, C) is communicating with another mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>), if the conventional technology is used, there is no other radio on standby, so even if another mobile radio Even if a location registration request was issued from the mobile radio, the call was invalid. However, the configuration of the mobile radio equipment includes, for example, a plurality of synthesizers 55-1 to 55-n, 56-1 to 56- as shown in FIG. 1B. n
By equipping a switch 64-1, 64-2, etc., the transmitting and receiving channel can be repeatedly switched while chopping, even if the mobile radio is already communicating with another mobile radio. It is possible to communicate with mobile radios via a control channel. Therefore, it becomes possible to accept location registration.

(2) Calling operation The calling operation from the mobile radio 50 (B, C, D>) will be explained.

It is assumed that the mobile radio devices 50 (B, C, D) are powered on and the location registration described in section (1) has been completed. Calling operation when a mobile radio 50 (B, C, D) calls another mobile radio in the same system or a terminal accommodated in the communication network 10 shown in FIG. 1A. dialing is performed in the same way as making a call from a car phone currently in use.

Now, the user starts an operation such as turning on the terminal section 59 of the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B. in this case,
It is assumed that the operator starts operations for each service type, such as telephone and data. In this state, at what timing does the calling signal sent from the mobile radio 50 arrive at the uplink control channel (
The control unit 58 of the mobile radio 50 knows whether to send the signal from the mobile radio 50 to the radio base station 30 (B, C)).

In the waiting state before the calling state, the downlink control channel (from the radio base station 30 (B, C) to the mobile radio 9
50>, this mobile radio@50 has captured the control signal contained therein and recognizes the timing when the call can be made.

Mobile radio 50 also has all functions shown in FIG. 1B in an active state. In particular, synthesizer 55-1.55-
2. . . , -55-n are made to prepare for local oscillation frequency activation, but the selector switch 64-1 is kept fixed at the position where the synthesizer 55-1 is selected.

Further, the control unit 5B sends a control signal to the synthesizer 55-1 to oscillate a local oscillation frequency for receiving the downlink control channel. On the other hand, radio bases #30-1, 30-2. ..., 30-n
Now, if there is only one radio device in the radio base station, depending on whether it is communicating with other mobile radio devices or not, the next operation is to receive the uplink control signal from the mobile radio device 50. There is.

First, at the wireless base station 30 (B, C) that is communicating with another mobile wireless device at that time, the wireless base station 30 (B,
C) reception and transmission switching controller 650.67C
, and synthesizer 55-1゜55-2.56-1.
56-2 is in operation, and behind this 55-1.56-1
outputs a local oscillation frequency necessary for communication with other mobile radios, and synthesizers 55"-2 and 56-2 output local oscillation frequencies necessary for communication on the control channel. Therefore, A call from a mobile radio device 50 located near the radio base station 30 (B, C) is immediately answered.

Next, at that time, the radio base stations 30 (B, C) that are not communicating with other mobile radios and are on standby on the control channel can receive the reception state of the radio reception circuit 68 on the control channel. This is how it is fixed. Therefore, the wireless transmitting circuit 66 and the like are inactive, and the wireless receiving circuit 68,
Only synthesizer 55-1 is in operation.

Now, under the above conditions, the mobile radio device 50 transmits a call request signal. This call request signal including the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is created by the control unit 58 in FIG. 1B,
The signal is sent to the wireless transmission circuit 66. The radio transmission circuit 66 modulates the signal, and after amplifying it to an appropriate level, transmits it to the transmission mixer 61.
The signal is added to the antenna and sent to the wireless base station 30-1, etc.

The radio base station 30-1, etc. that has successfully received this signal inspects the content of the received signal and sends the radio base station 30-1
It is stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 of the mobile radio 50 that has completed location registration, and the reception quality value and empty channel number received at the radio base station 30-1 are confirmed. In addition, a reply is sent to the mobile radio device 50 that made the call, requesting the mobile radio device 50 to determine the communication channel number to be used. If the mobile radio is not stored in the storage unit 34 of the radio base station 30-1, it is stored at this point and the added information is returned to the mobile radio 50. However, in this case, the timing of the reply is related to the reception quality as described above so as not to interfere with replies from other radio base stations.

On the other hand, these surrounding radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.・
..., the mobile radio device 5 that received the response signal from 30-n.
0, the number of wireless base stations to which diversity transmission and reception should be performed is determined, taking into account the communication traffic status and service type available at that time. That is, radio base station 30-1.3
0-2. ..., the content of the response signal from 30-n is inspected, and from among those whose communication quality satisfies a certain standard, the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50, the mobile radio device 50
The multiplicity that can be transmitted and received is provided in
Wireless base station 30-1.3
Suppose that it is decided to communicate with 0-2 and 30-n. In this case, the mobile radio device 50 uses an uplink control channel to notify the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, and 30-n of the communication channel numbers to be used, and requests them to wait on the channels with the same numbers. .

These radio base stations 30-1, etc. each transmit radio base stations 30-1 to 30-1 at the timing instructed by the control signal.
30-n reports that it is waiting on the indicated communication channel.

Reports (transmissions) to the mobile radio device 50 from the plurality of radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n described above may be transmitted at the same time. However, in this case, it is necessary to set different occupied frequency bands outside the band and to allow the mobile radio device 50 to identify which radio base station 30 has transmitted the signal.

The flow of the calling operation will be described above with reference to FIGS. 5A and 5B. However, it is assumed that the call from the mobile radio 1fi 150 is only a phone call, and there is only one radio base station 30 (30
Only -1> was shown. Gateway switch 20 and wireless base station 3
0-1 has already started its operation, the mobile radio 50 has also started its operation, and the location registration work explained in FIGS. 4A and 4B has been completed. The handset is lifted (off)
This off-hook signal and the ID (identification number) of the mobile radio 50 are transmitted using the uplink control channel (CH) (3231, FIG. 5A).

At the wireless base #30-1 that received this, the mobile wireless device 50
, and confirms that it is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 34 (3232>).

Therefore, the radio base station 30-1 adds the reception quality value received from the mobile radio device 50 and the current empty channel number, and sends it as a call response signal using the downlink control channel (3233>).

The mobile radio device 50 that receives such call response signals from the plurality of radio base stations 30 examines the value of reception quality from each radio base station 30, and selects a radio base station 3Q-1 that is capable of diversity transmission and reception. ~30-n@ is selected, confirms an empty channel 5234>, and sends a signal specifying the communication channel to be used (3235). Here, the wireless base station 30
-1, channel CH1 is sent. The radio base station 30-1 confirms that the communication channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free, switches to that channel (3236>, and sends a channel switching completion report using the downlink control channel). (3237). Upon receiving this switching completion report (3238>), the mobile radio 50 waits for a dial tone on the designated communication channel (3239).
.

On the other hand, the wireless base #30-1 sends a call signal to the gateway exchange 20 (S240>. Upon receiving this, the gateway exchange 20 inputs the ID of the mobile radio 50 and the communication quality.
The D identification is stored in the storage unit 24, and the switch group 23, for example 5WI-1, is turned on under the control of the communication path control unit 21 to connect the wireless base station 30-1 to the exchange 11 of the communication network 10 (S241).

Therefore, a dial tone is sent from the exchange 11 side via the switch group 23 of the barrier exchange 1120 (S2
42, Figure 5B).

This dial tone is transferred by the radio base station 30-1 through channel CH1 (downlink) (3243) and received by the mobile radio 50, confirming that a call has been established (3244>.Moving The radio device 50 sends out a destination dial signal using channel CH11 (upstream).
245>, the exchange 11 operates to set up a communication path to the destination on the communication network 10 (S247>, and then a call is made (3248>).

When the call is completed, the handset goes on-hook (3
249>, on-hook signal and end-of-call signal or mobile radio 5
0 using channel CH1 (upstream) (S
250>. As a result, the radio base station 30-1 confirms the end of the call (5251) and notifies the gateway exchange 20 of the end of the call. Therefore, in the barrier switch 20, the switch 5W of the switch group 23 is
1-1 is turned off and the call ends (S252>.

The above assumes that the communication is an audio signal, but the process is performed in exactly the same way for other signals.

(3) Call Receiving Operation The present invention has been described above regarding the origination of a call from the mobile radio device 50, but the flow of the operation of receiving a call to the mobile radio device 50 will be explained below using FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B. . However, in this case as well, it is assumed that the communication is an audio signal. Here, among the many radio base stations 30, 30-1 is shown as a representative. For example, a mobile radio device 50 or the like existing in the vicinity of radio base station 30-1 or the like is on standby on a control channel that is commonly used by all radio base stations 30.

In FIG. 1A, it is assumed that an incoming call signal addressed to the mobile radio device 50 enters the barrier switch 20 from the communication network 10. Barrier exchange [
It is assumed that the ID identification storage unit 24 in the mobile station 20 inspects incoming call signals and searches for the ID of the called party, and finds the wireless base station 30 (plurality) whose current location is registered. Then, the mobile radio device 50 simultaneously sends an incoming call signal to all the radio base stations 30 whose locations are registered via the communication control unit 21 (3271, FIG. 6A).

Each radio base station 30 that received this signal
D identification storage unit 34 (C) is searched and I of the mobile radio device 50 is searched.
When it is confirmed that D is stored there, it uses the downlink control channel to transmit an incoming call and communication channel designation request signal to the mobile radio 1150 using the ID of the radio base station 30-1.
Add and send.

The mobile radio device 50 is called to other radio base stations 30 in a similar manner at substantially the same time (S272).

On the other hand, this incoming call signal is received by the mobile radio device 50 that is on standby on the control channel, the quality of the received signal and the content of the signal are searched, and the call signal is confirmed to be addressed to the mobile radio device 50. (3273>), the mobile radio 50 selects each radio base station 30-1 .
30-2. ....

30-n, and uses the uplink control channel to communicate with wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2. −
．． 30-n (S274>. At the same time, each synthesizer 5 in the mobile radio 1150 (FIG. 1B)
5-1.55-26 and 56-1.56-2. ...,
56-n, changeover switches 64-1, 64-2, and reception and transmission switching controllers 65C and 67C, for example, communication channel CHI (for wireless base station 30-1).
, communication channel CH2 (for wireless base station 30-2),...
....

The communication channel n (for wireless base station 30-n) is brought into a state in which transmission and reception are possible. Each of the radio base stations 30-1 to 30-n that received the uplink control channel from the mobile radio 50 inspects the quality of the received signal, confirms the ID of the mobile radio 50 that transmitted the signal (3275), and transmits the received signal. A call response signal is sent to the barrier switch 20 (8276>).

This incoming call response signal to the gateway exchange 20 also includes a signal to the switch group 23 for setting a communication path. Then, upon receiving this incoming call response signal, the barrier switch 20 will:
It is checked whether the ID of the mobile radio device 50 is already stored in the ID identification storage unit 24, and if it is not stored, the ID is stored in the ID together with the quality inspection data of the radio base station 30-1.
D is registered in the identification storage unit 24 (3277), and a response confirmation signal including the stored ID is sent to the wireless base station 30-1 etc. (S278).

Upon receiving this response confirmation signal, the radio base station 30-1 confirms that the ID of the mobile radio 50 has been correctly registered (5279) and checks whether the channel specified by the mobile radio 50 is free. Please consider whether or not to switch.
2801 (Figure 6B), and sends the resulting switching approval/disapproval signal to the mobile radio 50 via the downlink control channel (32
81>.

This switching approval/disapproval signal is received (3282> If the mobile radio 50 does not allow switching of the specified channel because there are no free channels (3283 NO))
, returns to step 5274 and specifies another communication channel (3274>. If the specified channel is an empty channel and switching is approved (S283YES)
), switches to that channel, and sends a channel switching completion report using the uplink control channel (3284>).

Confirmed that the channel was switched to a free channel (3285
) The wireless base station 30-1 switches to this channel and
A channel switching completion signal is sent to the barrier exchange 120 (3286).

At the barrier exchange t120, upon receiving the channel switching completion signal, the communication path control section 21 is activated to set the communication path to the communication network 10 via the exchange 11.
For example, 5WI-1 of 3 is turned on, and the wireless base station 30
-1 and the communication network 10 are connected (3287). Therefore, a paging signal is sent from the communication network 10 side via the barrier exchange 120 (3288, FIG. 6C), and this is transmitted to the wireless base station 30.
-1 is confirmed (3289>. Then, a ringing bell signal is sent out on the set communication channel C)-11, and the mobile radio 50 generates a ringing tone (3291>).

When the handset on the mobile radio 50 side is lifted (off hook) due to this ringing tone (3292>, channel C
An off-hook signal is sent at HI, and the wireless base station 30-
1 is transferred (3293>), received by the gateway exchange 20 (3294>, and a call is started between the communication network 10 and the mobile radio 1150 (S295>).

When the call ends, the handset is put down and the on-hook signal and end-of-call signal are sent to the wireless base station 30 via channel CH1.
-1 (3296>), and the radio base station 30-1, which has confirmed the end of the call, transfers this signal (3297>. Operate the control unit 21 and switch group 2
Turn off 5W1-1 of 3 and end the call (3298>.

In the above explanation, even in a system in which the control transceiver installed in the radio base station 30-1 is diverted to a communication channel, the transmission and reception channels are repeatedly switched over time as explained in the configuration of the mobile radio device. The method makes it possible to communicate with a newly called mobile radio using the control channel even if it is already in communication with a third mobile radio (see FIG. 1D). - In the systems exemplified in (2) call operation and (3) call reception operation described above, the wireless channels are clearly separated into a wireless channel dedicated to control and a wireless channel dedicated to calls. there were. However, in some actual systems, this distinction is not clear. In such a system, it is possible to use a specific communication channel as the control channel described above and perform the same operation.

In the above description, it is assumed that the communication is an audio signal, but the communication is carried out in exactly the same way in the case of other signals.

(4) Application of diversity during low traffic times Due to the calling/receiving operations described in sections (2) and (3), communication between general telephone A and mobile radio 615 within the communication network 10
0 (or between two mobile radios in the system).

In this case, the number of radio base stations 30 with which the mobile radio device 50 communicates is 1.
and the communication traffic state within the system, at least the traffic state in the vicinity of the mobile radio device 50, is as follows:
Assume that it is not the busy hour, that is, the busiest time (this can be similarly implemented even when the number of wireless base stations 30 is two or more).

Then, the mobile radio device 50 starts preparing to perform diversity transmission and reception. However, when performing diversity transmission and reception, priority is given to those with a wide (high) signal band (speed), and this and service class, that is, whether the communication is important or not, and whether the communication device is expensive or not. It is natural to take into account the priority given by The following explanation assumes voice communication. Now, if the mobile radio device 50 has priority in performing diversity transmission and reception, it starts the next preparation.

Therefore, the control section 58 in the mobile radio device 50 shown in FIG. 1B
are the transmission switching serial controller 67C and the reception switching controller 6
5C, and sends an operation start command signal to each of the synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 currently in operation.
In addition, frequency oscillation is requested to the synthesizers 55-n and 56-n so that the control channel CH30 can be transmitted and received.

At the same time, the control unit 58 starts sending control signals to the wireless transmission circuit 66. This control signal includes the mobile radio 5
0 ID, type of communication (type of voice, data, etc.), and channel number currently in use, and requests surrounding wireless base stations 30 that are not currently communicating to start the operation of diversity transmission/reception. do. However, the above conditions for the radio base station 30 are such that if the radio base station 30 has the configuration shown in FIG. 1D, FIG. 1E, or FIG. 1F, This condition can be relaxed because it is possible to talk to a new mobile radio even while communicating with the radio.

With the above operation, the output of the transmission mixer 61 of the mobile radio 150 includes transmission by the control channel CH30 in addition to the currently communicating channel CH1, while the reception mixer 6
3, it becomes possible to receive the control channel in addition to the reception of the communication channel CH1 currently in use. This is explained in detail in the operation of channel switching during a call in section (5).

The control signal transmitted from the mobile radio device 50 is sent to a plurality of nearby radio base stations 30-2, 30-3.・
..., 30-n. Then, the radio base station 30-2, which is one of them, inspects the quality of the received signal and the content of the signal, and finds that the quality of the signal received from the mobile radio device 50 is above a certain value, and immediately starts communication. When it is determined that the quality will not deteriorate and there is no possibility of interference, the ID of the radio base station 30-2 and the usable radio channel number (for example, CH2 ), etc., to the mobile radio 150, and reports that diversity transmission/reception is possible.

This signal is received by the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 and transmitted to the control section 58. The control unit 5 that received this
In step 8, as a result of examining the signal sent from the wireless base station 30-2, it is determined that it is appropriate to perform diversity transmission and reception, and the synthesizer 55-2 and 56-2 is instructed to communicate on channel CH2. In order to start communication with the wireless base station 30-2, generation of a local oscillation frequency is requested.

In addition, to the radio base station 30-2, the switch group 23 is operated to send the call signal currently being communicated to the radio base station 30-2 in parallel to the call path control unit 21 in the barrier exchange ll120. request.

Upon receiving this request, the gateway switch 20 sends the wireless base station 30
In accordance with the request of -2, audio signals, that is, audio signals from general telephones, are transmitted not only to the wireless base station 30-1 but also to the wireless base station 30-1.
Start sending the same signal to -2.

The radio base station 30-2 that has received this audio signal adds the ID of the radio base station 30-2 to the mobile radio [50] and sends it out on the radio channel CH2. On the other hand, since the mobile radio 1150 is ready to receive the radio channel CH2, the communication quality monitoring section 57 inspects the output of the radio reception circuit 68 that received this signal, and if the quality is good, the radio The signal is sent to the telephone terminal 59-1, and the control signal is sent to the control unit 58.
transmitted to.

By performing the above operations, mobile radio device 50 enters a diversity transmission/reception state with radio base stations 30-1 and 30-2.

The diversity transmission/reception execution request signal transmitted from the mobile radio 1150 described above to the radio base station 30 in the vicinity thereof is transmitted to the radio station 30-3 other than the radio base station 30-2.
．． 30-4.・, 30-n also received the same,
Among these, the wireless base station that meets the conditions is wireless base station 3.
It should have sent a response signal similar to 0-1 to the mobile radio 150.

Therefore, in the control unit 58 of the mobile radio device 50 or the gateway exchange 20, when it is desired to perform diversity transmission and reception with a large number of radio base stations, When the same operations as those for diversity transmission/reception are performed and all operations are normal, diversity transmission/reception is started with, for example, the wireless base station 30-3.

Hereinafter, by the same operation as above, the radio base station 30- which is closest to the mobile radio device 50, is not currently in communication, and whose communication quality satisfies a certain standard required for the system or higher.
3.30-4. . . , 30-n, diversity transmission and reception is similarly started. The multiplicity of diversity is determined by the number of radio base stations 30 that can communicate or the number of multiplicities that can be simultaneously transmitted and received in the mobile radio device 50, that is, in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55
It depends on the number of n from -1 to 55-n or 56-1 to 56-n.

Furthermore, in the above explanation, voice communication is assumed, and it is assumed that the call traffic in the system is not busy.However, the traffic condition is measured at each radio base station 30 or mobile radio device 50, and the traffic is In this case, the multiplicity of diversity is sequentially limited, and at the busiest time, the multiplicity is 1, that is, there is no diversity. However, by differentiating the reduction of multiplicity depending on the type of communication being carried out (voice, data, facsimile, etc.), it becomes possible to perform systematic processing such as making broadband communication less susceptible to multiplicity restrictions. The present invention has features such as being able to ensure good communication regardless of the type of communication.

(5) Explanation and theoretical basis for channel switching during communication and diversity effect n-1 (IN wireless base station 30 and 1flil mobile wireless device 50 communicate using n-1 channels. During the process, if the quality of communication in one of the channels falls below a certain value, the communication between another wireless base station 30 that satisfies the certain communication quality and is not currently communicating. Prior to switching to one channel (new channel) and communicating, the switching receiving means and the switching transmitting means are switched at a speed that does not affect the communication signal, and n-2 is continuously transmitting and receiving. The old channel and the new channel other than the current channel are temporarily sent and received in parallel, and if the quality of the new channel is investigated and confirmed to be above a certain level, the channel switching operation ends. do,
Communication was made using n-11 wireless channels, including the new channel. Therefore, instantaneous communication interruptions due to channel switching are no longer caused. In addition, it is now possible to obtain transmitting and receiving diversity effects even when channel switching is not performed.

FIGS. 18 to 11 show system configurations for explaining an example of this operation. This will be explained below with reference to these figures.

The mobile radio device 50 (B, C, D) (hereinafter simply abbreviated as 50) has a synthesizer 55-1.55-2°..., 5
5- (n-1>, wireless receiving circuit 68, and wireless transmitting circuit 6
6 to the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3
0- (n-1) and communication channels CH1, CH2,...
, CH(n-1>). It is assumed that the mobile radio 50 moves away from the radio base station 30-1 and approaches the radio base station 3O-rl. Then, the mobile radio 1
As the relative distance between 150 and the wireless base station 30-1 increases, the call quality begins to deteriorate, and the communication quality monitoring unit 56 of the mobile wireless device 50 detects this (the level has decreased to 1 or less). ). Note that even the level L1 is set so that the line exceeds the required value.

The mobile radio 50 requests all radio base stations 30 in the vicinity to measure the quality of the signals transmitted by the mobile radio 50. In response to this request, each radio base station 30 that is not currently communicating with the mobile radio device 50 reports the measured value to the mobile radio device 50.

In this case, the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna of the own mobile radio device 50 is transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, 30-2, . =
-, 3O- (n-1>) While continuously transmitting communication signals addressed to base station 30-1.
0-2. ..., 3O-(n-1>), if the reception condition is good for a radio base station (for example, 30-n>) in the vicinity, the downlink (from the radio base station 30 to the mobile radio 50) control channel (CH50 ) to request a response.

The contents of the control signal sent from the mobile radio device 50 include the signals shown below.

1) ID of mobile radio 50.

ii) Partner wireless base station 30-1, 30-2 that is currently being called
．． −． 30- (n-1> ID and reception quality.

1ii) Channel number currently in use.

iv) Type of communication (N talk, fax, data, etc.).

■) Service type.

A control signal including such content is received by a plurality of nearby wireless base stations 30.

That is, except when communicating with another mobile radio, these radio base stations 30 are on standby for reception on a control channel (for example, CH30) determined by each system, and each radio The base station 30 receives the signal. At the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 36 installed in each radio base station 30 that receives the communication quality is inspected, and if the quality is above a certain level, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 of the other party is transmitted to the radio base station 30.
0 in the ID identification storage unit 34 and the control unit 3
Notify 8. The contents of this notification include the following:

a) ID of the mobile radio device 50 that transmitted the data.

b) The partner wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. with which the mobile wireless device 50 is currently communicating. −． 30-(n-1)I
D.

C) Channel number in use.

d) Type of communication.

e) Reception status (S/N or C/N (carrier-to-noise ratio) or average bit error rate in the case of digital signals).

f) Service type.

Upon receiving this signal, the control unit 38 inspects the contents and
A communicable empty channel stored in the own radio base station 30-n is searched. As a result, if the mobile radio device 50 determines that there is an empty channel that satisfies the type of service desired and that the required communication quality can be secured for a certain period of time even after channel switching, the mobile radio device 50 3
Transfer heat J from 0-n! It is decided to notify the i-device 50 of the reception status. For that purpose, firstly, the barrier exchange 20
, to the communication path control unit 21 of the device itself, the ID of the mobile radio device 50 that transmitted the information, and the radio base station 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3O-(n-1>I
D etc., and the switch 5W1-1 of the switch group 23
．． 1-2.1-n are turned on at the same time, and the wireless base station 30-1.30-2 is also turned on for the wireless base station 30-n.
．． ..., 3O-(n-1> (hereinafter abbreviated as 30-1, etc.) requests the transmission of the same call signal. However, as will be explained later, this operation depends on the signal used in the wireless transmission path. It can be omitted if the modulation format is width modulation wave or frequency modulation with shallow modulation.

Next, the wireless base station 30-1 for the wireless base station 30-n
Regarding the transmission timing of the call signal in response to the same call signal transmission request, etc., the timing of transmission is determined depending on the receiving state of e). In other words, the reception condition is extremely good,
For example, if C/N=40dB or higher, transmit immediately,
When C/N=39~30dB, after 2 seconds, C/N=29
The timing of the reply is determined according to the received C/N value according to the procedure established within the system so that it is sent after a certain period of time, such as after 4 seconds when the C/N is ~20 dB and after 6 seconds when the C/N is 19 to 15. are transmitted to the mobile radio device 50 with different numbers. The reason for this timing is that other wireless base stations 3
This is to prevent interference caused by simultaneous transmission of control signals with 0 and to make it easier for the mobile radio device 50 that receives the control signal to select a radio base station 30-n etc. with a good reception condition.

Now, the signal transmitted from the radio base station 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 includes the following contents.

1] Call signal: Downlink call signal obtained from the barrier switch 20 (from the telephone in the communication network 10 to the mobile radio 50).

This is a change from the current wireless base station 30-1 etc. to the mobile wireless device 5.
This is exactly the same as the call signal being sent to 0. Furthermore, the modulation level of the signal wave performed by the modulator included in the transmitter 31 of the wireless base station 30-n is also set to be the same as that of the wireless base station 30-1 and the like.

2] Control signal...; This includes the following signals.

2-1) ID of mobile radio device 50 received by own radio base station 30-n.

2-2) ID of own wireless base station 30-n.

2-3) A communication channel number that can be used by the own radio base station 30-n (without interference) and matches the service distinction and type of communication.

2-4) Reception status (reception C/N value, etc.).

The control signal containing such information transmitted by the wireless base station 30-n is received by the mobile wireless device 50.

The control unit 5B of the mobile radio device 50 has thus obtained information such as the C/N value sent from each radio base station 30-n, etc.
Now, when comparing these multiple pieces of information, wireless base station 3
If it is confirmed that the measurement result of 0-n has the best value and satisfies the quality standard level 2 or higher, but L2 > Ll, then the mobile radio device 50 is connected to the radio base station 30.
-n is judged to have approached the vicinity of the communication zone (zone n), and decides to switch channels.

Then, as a result of checking the ID and roam area information collation storage unit 54 to find out which communication channels are available in zone n, it is found that channel CHn is available for use, as informed by the wireless base station 30-n. know. Therefore, using the uplink control channel, the wireless base station 30-
n to perform transmission and reception on channel CHn, and also sends an instruction to switch 5W1-1 and 5W of switch group 23 to gateway exchange 20 via wireless base station 30-n.
In addition to I-2, 3WI-(n-1), 5W1-n is turned on at the same time, and also for the wireless base station 30-n, the wireless base station 30-1, 30-2°..., 3O-(n-1
> request to start transmitting the same call signal.

In response to these requests, the barrier exchange@20 also turns on 5WI-n of the switch group 23, and connects the wireless base station 30-
n starts transmitting a voice signal using communication channel n.

In this case, it goes without saying that the modulation depth of the modulator of the radio base station 30-n is also the same as that of the other radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.
30-3. ....

30- (same as n-1>).

In order to realize the transmission of this control signal, specifically, when the communication signal is an analog voice signal and the control signal is an analog signal, as shown in FIG.
A low frequency fDO (e.g. about 100Hz > or a high frequency fDO outside the band 0.3-3.0KH7 of the speech channel)
Dl-ID2- ID3...fD& (for example, 3.8
8 waves from KHz to 4.5 KHz at intervals of 1 KHz (when n=8) are used.

When there are many items to be controlled, that is, many control data, the control frequency f. O"" The wave number of ID8 may be increased roughly, or a subcarrier format may be used.

At this time, more control data can be transmitted by, for example, applying frequency modulation or amplitude modulation to one or more waves among fDo to fD8.

Furthermore, when a digital data signal is used as the control signal, it is also possible to digitally encode the audio signal and time-division multiplex the two to be transmitted. Do as shown below.

Figure 3 shows the timing before and after channel switching of this system shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 1C.
Show chart.

In FIG. 3 illustrating the channel switching operation, the radio base station 30-1 indicates that the quality of the channel CH1 used between the radio base station 30-1 and the mobile radio VA 50 has decreased to a level of 1 or less. Alternatively, the communication quality monitoring section 37 of the mobile radio device 50. Alternatively, the radio base station 57 detects this and starts preparations to enable parallel reception of transmitted radio waves from the radio base station 30-n on the channel CHn through the process described above.

That is, the control unit 58 of the mobile radio device 50 has previously controlled the synthesizers 55-1, 55-2, . ..., 55- (n
-1) using the radio base station 3 using channel CH1.
Radio base station 30 with 0-1 transmission wave, channel CH2
-2 transmission wave......, from the state where the transmission wave of the radio base station 30- (n-1) is being received by channel CHn-1, the synthesizer 55-n is also operated, and the radio base station Channel CH transmitted from station 3 Q-n b)
The synthesizer 55-n is made to generate a frequency that can also receive n transmitted waves.

Thus, when communication with the radio base station 30-1 is about to be stopped due to the quality deterioration of the channel CHI being transmitted from the radio base station 30-1, the radio base station 830-1
Communication with channel CHrl is started. That is, in the mobile radio device 50, the repetitive switching of the selector switch 64-1 receiving the switching drive input signal from the reception switching controller 65G is continued. At the same time, the synthesizer 56-1.56-2. ..., 56-(n-1)
The synthesizer 55-n is also operated, and from the state in which it is transmitting to the wireless base stations g30-1 to 30-(n-1) using channels CH1 to CHn-1, the synthesizer 55-n is also operated and the wireless base station 30- n to a state where it can transmit using channel CHn. The outputs of the synthesizers 56-1, 56-2, . .

During this switching transmission/reception period in which channels CH1, CH2, ..., CHn are transmitted and received in parallel, channel C
Confirmation of Hn and the quality of the same channel are continued until the mobile radio device 50 confirms that the quality of the same channel is above a certain level 2,
After that, channel CH1 is released and radio base station 30-2
．． 30-3. . . , 30-n and the mobile radio device 50 are continued without momentary interruption only through channels CH2, CH3, . . . , CHn.

Changeover switch 64-1.6 during this switching transmission/reception period
The switching frequency f1 of 4-2 is determined to be, for example, 2n times or more the highest frequency included in the signal. This will be explained in detail below.

The optimum value of the switching frequency is determined by considering the following conditions.

1) Modulation format of the signal to be transmitted 2) Signal frequency band to be transmitted 3) Control frequency band to be transmitted 4) Band characteristics of the transmitter/receiver section, especially the band characteristics of the high frequency filter installed at the antenna input end 5) Waveform characteristics of switching controller 6) Response characteristics of frequency synthesizer 7) Carrier frequency and number of channels used in the system 8) Radio wave propagation characteristics of transmission path 9> Transfer from barrier switch 20 via radio base station 30-1 Signal transmission path to radio device 50 and radio system control device 20
For example, if 1) is frequency modulation and 2) is an audio signal, the transmission delay time difference is 0 due to the difference in the transmission path of the signal from
．． 3 to 3.0KHz, 0.3KH when using the out-of-band control signal shown in Figure 2A (a) as 3).
2 or less (f, .>7')'3.8~4゜5 K HZ
(f01-fD2...f□B). 4)
As a characteristic, the passband width is 16KH2 (or 83KH2).
H2) and 5) should be selected keeping in mind that the synthesizer response characteristics in 6) are good and the output waveform is good, and the synthesizer used is 5.
) is desired to have an extremely rapid response characteristic due to the input of the switching controller.

Items 7) to 9) are items to be considered from the system design perspective. In the car phone system described as an embodiment of the present invention, item 7) is 900 MHz and 600 channels, so the frequency bandwidth used is 15 MHz (or , 1200
Channel frequency of 15 MHz>, 8> is known in many documents, and 9) is about 0.03 msec.

Taking the above into consideration, for example, in a car telephone system, the switching frequency of the changeover switch 64-2 of the mobile radio 50 is selected to be approximately 20XnMHz.

The case of reception will be explained below. If the audio signal or control signal is digitized as shown in Figure 2A (b), it is appropriate to use a faster frequency as the switching frequency, and a value of about nX20K)-12 to 30KHz. That's fine.

Also, the channel CH1 seen from the input section of the reception mixer 63
, 2, 3, ·, n-1, rl) carrier frequency is set to ω1. ω
2. ..., ωo-1, ω. , also synthesizer 55-
1.55-2. ..., 55- (n-1), 55-n
The output frequencies of ωL1. ω[2ω[. -1,
If ωLn, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2,
30-(n-1), receive mixer 6 from 30-n
The frequencies of the carrier waves at the output of the intermediate frequency amplifier included in 3 are respectively: Ω1=ω1−ω[1(11) Ω2=ω2−ω, 2 (12>Ωn−1
"""n-1-wLn-1n-1Ω = ω -ωtn
(1o)n That is, by the operation of the changeover switch 64-1, the receiving unit 53 receives the intermediate frequency as Ω1 ”””)1-”)Ll Ω2=”2-”)L2 Ωn-1=”n-1- ") Ln-1 Ω = ω - ωLn n A signal wave having a carrier frequency such as Ln-1 Ω = ω - ωLn n is sequentially input. And (1) and (12)...

Equation (1,,) is Ω →Ω Discard →Ω =Ω (2
The relationship is >1 2 n-1n. Such a signal is amplified in the receiving section and then demodulated in the demodulation circuit, but if there is a frequency difference with n intermediate frequencies ω1 ``Ll ω2 ``L2 ωn-1-'')Ln-1 ωn ''Ln , distortion noise may or may not occur in the demodulated output signal. In other words, in the case of frequency modulation or phase modulation, distortion noise will not occur if there is no frequency difference at all, but if there is a frequency difference and the frequency difference (beat frequency) contains the same component as the signal frequency, distortion noise will occur. However, if it is not included, it will not occur.

On the other hand, in the case of amplitude modulation, no distortion noise occurs even if there is a frequency difference. However, even in the case of amplitude modulation, if an intermediate frequency amplifier or the like has nonlinear characteristics, nonlinear distortion will occur due to harmonics, so it is necessary to use an amplifier with good linearity.

Reception mixer 63 of mobile radio device 50 as described above
Even if the local oscillation frequencies for CHI, CH2, . . . , CH, 1, and CHn are cyclically added to the input of (It is possible to execute without introducing noise,
The reason why there is a receiving diversity effect will be explained theoretically.

First, a case where an angle modulated wave is used will be explained.

Data or audio signals (for signals in analog or digital format) can be expressed as follows.

In addition, the control signal that exists outside the band is μC(1) =, BesaiHCO3(ω, 1+θ Kasumi, where,
ai is the amplitude, ωi is the angular frequency of the signal, θ1 is t
=Q represents the phase. m.

n represents a positive integer.

Next, the case of frequency modulation will be explained, but the present invention is similarly applicable to phase modulation. When the carrier wave is frequency modulated using equation (3) or equations (3) and (4), the resulting modulated wave is as follows: 1=I□ sin f (ω0μ(t))dt=I□
sin (ωt+5(t)) (5
) or 1= I□ sin f (ω1μ(1)μo(t)
) dt= I □ S! n (ωt+5(t)+5o(
t))(5') However, m・=ai /ωi (i=1.2.3...n) and for simplicity, θH=O(i=1.2.3...n) And so. This resulted in 5(t)10S. (1) will represent a general form of transmission signal.

Now, using equation (5) or (5'), radio base stations 30-1, 30-2.・, 30- (n-1), 30
-n is input to the reception mixer 63 via the antenna of the mobile radio 1150, and the local oscillator output (in the case of FIG. 1B, the synthesizer 55-1, 55-2.
..., 55-(n-1), 55-n>, the input to the receiving section 53 is as follows:
It can be expressed as the following equation using the same symbols as the equation.

(However, the changeover switch 64-1 is in a stopped state).

1 ・= I□H3! n (ΩHt+5(t) +Sc
H(t)) (+=1.2...,n) Next, assume that the changeover switch 64-1 starts a switching operation. In addition, wireless base station 3O-i (i-1, 2, . . .
, n), the audio signal s(t) and the control signal S. 1(t
) are sent as inputs to the receiving section 53 of the mobile radio 50, 1=(I01/n)[1+
2Σ(n/myr))m=1 xsin (myr/n)cosmpt]xsin
(Ω1t 10s (t) + s cl(t) )+
(I02/n) [1+2Σ (n/mπ)) m=1 xsin (mπ/n) xcos mp (t-2π/ (np)) ]xs
in (Ω2 t+5(t) +5C2(o)+(
IO3/n) [1+2mo(n/m1)xsin (m
π/n> xcos mp (t-4yr, / (np))
sin (Ω3t+5(t) +5o3(t) ) ten・
...+(10,/n>, [1+2F1(n/mπ))xsi
n (mπ/n) xcos mp (t −2(n −1) yr/ (
np) ) ]xsin (Ω, t+5(t) +5
Cn(t)) However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

(7> Transforming the right side of equation, it becomes the following equation.

I= (I01/n> [S!n (Ω1 to 10U1(1
)) ten (n/π) Sin(π/n> x[cos((Ω1 p) t+LJ1 (t) )
−cos((Ω1+p) i+L11 (t) )]
+ (n/3.rr) sin (3π/n>x[cos
((Ω1-3p)i+U1 (t))-cos((Ω1
+3 p) t +U1 (j) ) ]+ (n15
yr) sin (5π/n>x[cos((Ω1 5
p)i+U1 (j))-cos((Ω1+5p)i+
L11 m) ]+・・・・・・
]+ (Io2/n> [sin (Ω2
i+LJ2 (t) )+(n/π) sin(π/n) x[cos((Ω2-p)t+u2(t))-cos(
(Ω2 +p) j+U2 (t) ) ]+(n/3
yr) sin (3π/n)X[C03((Ω2-3p
)t+U2 (t))−〇“03((Ω +3p)t+
U2 (t))] + (n15yr) sin (5π/n) x (cos
((Ω2 5p)t+U2 (j))-cos((Ω2
+ 5 D ) t + tJ2 (j) ) ]+
・・・・・・】
+ (I□./n) [sin (Ω, t+LJ,
(t) )+(n/π) sin(π/n> x[cos((Ω-p)t+U.(t))-cos(
(Ωn + p) t + U n (t) ) ]+
(n/3π) sin (3yr/n) x [cos(
(Ω, −3p)t+Uo(t))−cos((Ω.+]
)>t+U. (1))] ten (n15π) sin (5π
/n＞X[C05((Ωo-5D)t+Uo(t))-cos
((Ω, +5p)t+U,(t)) ]+・・・・・・
] However, U-
(t) =S(t) +5oi(t)! (i=1.2....,n) Here, looking at equation (8), it is a combination of many carrier waves, so if it is amplified with an intermediate frequency amplifier and then demodulated, it will generally cause interference. There is a possibility of generating distortion noise due to modulation (interference).

Also, the amplitude of the input wave expressed by equation (8) l0l−I02
．． ..., Io. are not necessarily the same amplitude, but if the switching time occupancy is made equal (duty 100/
n%), the wireless base station 30-2 is higher than the wireless base station 30-1.
Because it is closer, usually ■o2. Io3.・
..., Ioo is larger. If the magnitude difference of l0I-IO2 etc. is different, cross modulation may occur.

There are two types of cross-modulation causes: one is due to the combination of many carrier waves as shown in equation (8) above, and the other is due to differences in l0I-IO2, etc.

Regarding cross-modulation caused by combining many carrier waves as shown in equation (8), distortion noise can be removed by the following method.

That is, there is a method of increasing the switching speed (period) of the changeover switch 64-1 to drive it out of the bandpass characteristic of the intermediate frequency amplifier. However, as already mentioned, in many cases where the switching frequency is set to 2n times or more the highest frequency of the signal, there is no need to make it any faster. By increasing the speed, m = 1 on the right side of equation (7).
As can be seen from equation (8), the term 3゜5... can be ignored in the intermediate frequency amplification stage, and (8)
The formula can be expressed as below.

1=io1Sin(Ω1t+5(t) +5C1(t)
＞+Io2sin(Ω2 15(t) 10s.2(t
))+・・・・・・ +I□n5in(Ωn-1t+5(t) +5Co(t
)>In formula (9), Ω1=Ω2=・・・・・・Ω. −1=Ω. =Ω (1
0) so2(t) =・−・−=sC, 1(t) =s
Suppose that it is possible to set C, (t) = 0. actually(
10) Formula is technically possible by the means described below,
As described above, equation (11) holds true if only the control signal is transmitted from the radio base station 30-1 (or only from the radio base station 30-n in the latter half of channel switching). Then, equation (9) can be transformed as follows.

1 = Iol sin (Ωt+5(t) 5c1
(i) )+(Io2+Io3+...+Ioo) xsin(Ωt+5(t)) (12)
Equation (12) is transformed into the following equation.

β(1)= tan” [sin s (t)X (
(1(>1/Io) +cos 5o(t)) −
'](13'> I n = ■02+I03""""l0n(13"
> (13), (13') equation (where Iol<<I, (14) so(
Since t)<<1 (14'), equation (13) becomes approximately as follows.

1=isin(Ωt+5(t)+5o(t))(15)
Looking at the formula, this is a switching reception diversity system with n-branch antenna inputs, and as a result of so-called linear synthesis, in which signals are switched and received and then combined directly, the input electric field is low I. 1 is ignored and synthesis is performed using an input signal with a high input electric field. Therefore, it has been revealed that the present invention has a receiving diversity effect.

From equation (14), the output of the frequency discrimination circuit (radio receiving circuit 6
8) is expressed by the following equation.

E=d/dt (s(t)+5C(t))-μ(1) 10μ, (1) where μ(1) and μc(1) are each (3)
and (4).

Note that equation (14) is always satisfied in normal mobile communication systems and is not a particularly limiting condition.

Assuming that the signal is an audio signal, a deeper modulation is applied to it compared to the control signal, and a shallower modulation is applied to the control signal.
Moreover, the depth of the modulation applied to the voice has also increased in recent years by equivalent tones (
IKHz) signal with 3.5 radians (25KHz carrier spacing, and 12.5KHz carrier spacing:
This is because it is still shallower (less than 1.75 radians).

From the above, it has been clarified that equations (10) and (14) are sufficient conditions for no distortion in the case of frequency modulation. The technical conditions for establishing equation (10) will be described below.

Technically, to do this, the radio base station 30-1.30
-2. . , 30-n transmitting units 31-1, 31-2.・
-, 31-n by increasing the frequency stability of the reference crystal oscillator, which determines the stability of the carrier frequency.

For example, in the example of the car telephone system described later, the stability of the reference crystal oscillator installed at the base station is currently 0.5.
~IDE)m(0,5~1xlO'), so the frequency fluctuation of the carrier wave is lX10'X 900HH2=
It is 900H2.

In this case, noise is just mixed into the audio signal band.

However, if 0.01 ppm has become possible due to technological advances, then lx 1O-8x 900MHz
-9Hz, and even if there is a harmonic of the noise, there is less possibility that its large energy will mix into the signal band. Alternatively, in a wireless system using a carrier wave frequency of 9 MHz, if the carrier wave fluctuates by lppm, no noise will be mixed in even with the current technology.

The case where the mobile radio device 50 receives is explained above, but the case where the mobile radio Ig 150 transmits will be explained below.

In FIG. 1B, the wireless signals switched by the changeover switch 64-2 are, for example, wireless channels CH1, CH2,
. . , CHn are switched sequentially, or the receiving side is the radio base station 30-1 (CHl).

30-2 (CI-12), .
There is no cross-modulation problem when mixed as in the case of receiving at the side. However, as is clear from equation 8), there are components of the carrier angular frequency (Ω±no) as sidebands, so these are emitted into space and interfere with the communication of the bale channel or other systems. It is necessary to provide a bandpass filter at the transmission output section for filtering so as not to cause

To do this, it is necessary to spread the equation (Ω±np) outside the frequencies of all channels transmitted by the mobile radio 50 as the switching frequency, and the data and images shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B used in the example In the car telephone system that allows communication, it is necessary to set p/(27r)>15xnMHz.

This will be explained below using formulas. However, the characters used in the formula are the same as above unless otherwise specified. for example,
The transmission signal appearing at the output of the transmission mixer 61 in FIG. 1H is expressed by the following equation.

1=1□ [1+2Σ(n/ml) m=1 xsin (rr+yr/n)cosmpt]xsi
n (Ω1t+5(t) +5C(t))+Io[1+
2Σ(n/myr> ) m=1 xsin (mπ/n) xcos mp (t-2yr/ (np) ) ]x
sin (Ω2t+5(t)+s, (t)>+ 1□
[1+2 F, (r+/myr> )xsin (
mπ/n> x cos mp (t-4yr/ (np) ) ] x
sin (Ω3t+5(t)+5o(t))+I□[1
+2Σ (n/mπ)) m=1 xsin (mπ/n> xcos mp (t-2(n-1) yr/ (np
) )xsin (Ω, t+5(t)+so(t))m
=1.2.5. ...... However, p is the switching angular frequency, m is a positive odd number, and the switching times for n input waves are set at equal intervals.

When equation (13) is transformed, an equation similar to equation (8) is obtained. Then, when the obtained equation is passed through a bandpass filter having the function as described above, the following equation is obtained as an output signal.

I=Iosin(Ω1 t+5(t) +s.(t)
)+IoS! n(Ω2t+5(t)+5C(t))+・
・・・・・・ 10I oS! n (Ω.t+5(t) +5C(t))
In the above equation, the first term on the right side is for the radio base station 30-1, the second term is for the radio base station 30-2, and the first term is for the radio base station 30-i, and each signal is transmitted by normal frequency modulation. It has the same formula as the case.

The uplink signal of channel CHI is transmitted from the wireless base station 30-1.
．． The upstream signal of channel CH2 is received by 30-2, and the upstream signal of channel CHn is received by 30-n. These received signals are demodulated and transmitted to necessary devices such as the barrier switch 20.

Alternatively, the wireless base station 30-1 is
In the case of having the configuration shown in the figure, the uplink signal of channel CH1 is sent to the transceiver 9O-1 of the radio base station 30-1, channel C
)-12 upstream signal is sent to the transmitter/receiver 90-2.
The upstream signal of channel CHn is I? 5130-1
The signals received and demodulated by the transmitter/receiver 90-n may be mixed and transmitted to a necessary device such as the barrier exchange 20.

As is clear from the above description, by using the multiplex transmission method and apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a signal diversity effect in the receiving section.

In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2.
. . , 30-n, the communication signals are transmitted from the radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 3
Mix signals from 0-n. When mixing, the signals from the radio base stations 30-2, 30-3°..., 30-n have better transmission quality than the signals from 30-1, so they can be mixed as is, or the S/N may be mixed with an output proportional to .

In other words, a reception diversity effect is obtained.

The transmitting/receiving diversity effect of the present invention has been described above, and a method for increasing the effect will be described in detail below.

First, regarding reception diversity, in the sequential switching method described above, each synthesizer 55- of the changeover switch 64-1
1.55-2. ..., 55-n have the same connection duration (duty time). However, this is not always necessary, and the diversity effect will increase if the wireless channel is connected for a relatively long time to a radio channel that provides a reception input with a good S/N ratio. For this purpose, a part of the reception section is synchronized with the changeover switch 64-1, detects the signal-to-noise ratio at that time, and transmits this to the control section 58, thereby changing the frequency of the output of the reception switching controller 65G. This makes it possible to achieve the above objectives. This is also possible with the configuration shown in Figure 1B, but
In order to facilitate technical explanation, the following explanation will be made using the configuration shown in FIG. 1G.

The difference in this figure from FIG. 1B is that the radio receiving circuit 68
Apart from this, a C/N measurement receiving section 52, a receiving mixer 73,
and a changeover switch 64-3 are installed, and a changeover switch 64-3 is installed.
The control of 4-3 is performed by the control section 58B. The operation shown in FIG. 1G will be explained below.

In the figure, a reception mixer 73 is installed at the front stage to operate the C/N measuring reception section 52. A part of the reception signal received by mobile radio 50B is added to reception mixer 73. The output from the changeover switch 64-3 is added as the local excavation frequency to the reception mixer 73. However, this changeover switch 64-3 does not need to be switched at a high speed like the other changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2, and a low speed of, for example, about 10 Hz is sufficient.

When the selector switch 64-3 is in the position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-1, the C/N measurement receiving section 5
The control unit 58B controls the C/N value of channel CHI measured in step 2.
to communicate. Next, when the selector switch 64-3 is in a position to turn on the output of the synthesizer 55-2, the C/N of the channel CH2 is measured. Synthesizer 55 in the following order
- When in position to turn on output of n, channel CH
The C/N of n is measured and transmitted to the control unit 58B. The control unit 58B uses these values to control the switching frequencies of the reception switching controller 65G and the transmission switching controller 67C so that they each operate at a speed inversely proportional to the C/N, for example.

In order to enable the above operation, it is necessary to make some changes to the method of transmitting signals from each of the radio base stations 30, which will be explained below.

Now, if we reproduce the above equation (9), 1=, Σlo, 5in(Ω, 1 1; 1 +5(t)+s ・(t)> (9) I <r=1.2..., n) In equation (9), the control signal transmitted from each radio base station 30 includes the IO of the radio base station 30, and this ID is necessary to change the duty of the above-mentioned changeover switch. Therefore, it is not possible to set 5cH=0 (i=1.2..., n) as in the above-mentioned equation (11). Therefore, in this case (10
) holds true, but the equation corresponding to equation (12) is as follows.

1=, U l0Hsin(Ωt +5(t)+s ・(t)> (17)(17
) In the equation, each 5CH(i) is sufficiently smaller than 1, so the following equation is approximately obtained as an equation corresponding to the equation (15).

T,=Isin(Ωt+5(t)+,ΣSo,(t)
)01=1 The signal expressed by equation (18) is demodulated, and each wireless base station 3
In order to extract the control signal transmitted from 0, 5oH
By making the frequency components of the signals included in (1) different, it is possible to filter them using a filter.

Therefore, by measuring the C/N of each radio channel, adding the ID of the radio base station 30 that sent the signal, and sending it to the control unit 58B, the control unit 58B measures the C/N for each radio channel, that is, for each radio base station. The duty time for receiving (or transmitting) every 30 seconds can be determined in relation to the C/N value.

In order to achieve the above effects with the configuration shown in FIG. 1B, each radio base station 30-1, 30-2. ...
, 30-n, the control signal S (1),
5o2(t)..., 5Cn(1) individually, and each of them is equipped with communication quality monitoring means such as measuring the signal-to-noise ratio. good. Then, this measured value is reported to the control unit 58, and the changeover switch 64-1 is operated with a switching duty according to the signal-to-noise ratio.

By operating the receiving section 53 of the mobile radio 8150 as detailed above, it is possible to increase the transmitting and receiving diversity effect.

Next, a method for further increasing the reception diversity effect will be explained. Figure 1H shows the mobile radio device 5 in this case.
An example of the configuration of 0C is shown.

In Fig. 1H, the input radio wave (input signal) to the mobile radio device 50G is divided into n+1 equal parts at the antenna input section, and each is divided into radio reception circuits 6B-1, 68-2°, 68-n and interference detection. It arrives at the container 62. Each radio receiving circuit 6
8-1 to 68-n, each receive mixer 63-1.
63-2. ..., 63-n, receiving section 53-1.53-
2. ..., 53-rl, and each of the reception mixers 53-1 to 53-n is equipped with a synthesizer 5.
5-1.55-2. ..., the local oscillation frequency from 55-n is input. Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG.
It is possible to receive and demodulate signals of CH1, CH2, . . . , CHn.

Moreover, the output signals of these receiving sections 53-1 to 53-n are as follows.
A part is sent to the control unit 58C, and a part is sent to the communication quality monitoring unit 58C.
7-1.57-2. ..., 57-rl to monitor the communication quality of each wireless channel and report the results to the control unit 58C, and the outputs of the reception units 53-1 to 53-n are sent to the signal mixing circuit. 62 and undergoes processing similar to that of a normal diversity receiving section (in this case, combination after detection), and is sent to the communication section 59.

By adopting a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 1H, it is possible to obtain a large diversity effect.

As is clear from the above description, the operation of the present invention is to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel by measuring the transmission frequency of the mobile radio device 50 at the radio base station 30, and to predict the frequency shift after switching to a new communication channel. The feature is that by setting and using the transmission channel of the wireless base station that communicates after channel switching at an appropriate frequency, noise due to communication interruption or cross-modulation that occurs due to channel switching is removed.

Next, a method of using control signals that play an important role in channel switching during communication according to the present invention will be explained.

In the following description, it is assumed that the configuration shown in FIG. 1B is used.

Wireless base station 30-1.30-2. −． 30-n to the mobile radio device 50 using channels CH1, CH2, . . . , CHn will be described.

When the aforementioned channel switching preparation operation is completed, the radio receiving circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives the radio base station 30-1.3.
0-2.・, channels CH1, CH2 from 30-n
, . . . , CHn communication signals, which are sequentially switched by the changeover switch 64-1 in the mobile radio device 50 and then switched and received.

Furthermore, since the changeover switch 64-2 also starts operating, the transmission wave from the mobile radio device 50 also starts to be switched and transmitted.

Here, from the barrier switch 20 to each wireless base station 30-1 to 30-3,
The difference (1
(within 0.07 m), the delay time difference is at most 0.03 m.
Since it is less than a second, there is no problem with the operation and it can be ignored. Also, wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3.
・The downlink signals from 3O-(n-1) include only communication signals such as voice, data, and images, but the wireless base station 30
In addition to communication signals, the downlink signals from -15 and 30-n include control signals (identification signals for identifying wireless base stations 30-1 and 30-n, and switching command signals) as shown in Figure 2A (a).
Because it is inserted in the form of an out-of-band signal as shown in
The radio reception circuit 68 of the mobile radio device 50 receives this and transfers it to the control section 58.

The control unit 58 identifies this signal and, under the control of the control unit 58, initially transmits a channel switching response signal from the radio base station 30-1 and a subsequent communication signal using channel CHn from the radio base station 3Q-n. To confirm that the ID signal is sent and that the signal quality is good, the wireless transmission circuit 68 is used outside the uplink communication signal band, and this confirmation is sent to the wireless base station 30-n through the communication channel CHn. , and contact the gateway exchange 20 via the wireless base station 30-n.

Since the barrier switch 20 received notification that the downlink communication between the wireless base station 30-n and the mobile wireless device 50 is working well, the communication path control unit 21 switches the switch 5W1- of the switch group 23. 1.1-2. Helmet.

Among 1-n, only 5W1-1 is turned off. - On the other hand, the mobile radio 50 instructs the radio base station 30-1 to stop transmitting to the synthesizer 55- of the mobile radio 11150.
1 is stopped, and the selector switch 64-1 (1B
Figure) is a synthesizer 55-2゜55-3. ..., 55
-n to perform a circular switching operation.

These conditions are illustrated in FIG.

Next, from the mobile radio 50, channels CHI, C and 12.
..., wireless base station 30-1゜30-2 using CHn
．． . . , 30-n will be explained.

In the mobile radio device 50, the reception switching controller 65G and the transmission switching controller 6
7C are respectively activated, and the changeover switches 64-1 and 64-2 are respectively activated.
55-2. ..., the output of 55-n and 56-1.5
6-2. . . , 56-n, and the channels CH1, CH2° . . . , CHn are being sequentially switched for transmission and reception (Fig. 1B). During this operation, the signals sent to the communication channel include, in addition to communication signals, out-of-band control signals (
As shown in FIG. 2A (a) and FIG. 2B (C)), the mobile radio 6
Status of 150 used channels (channel CH1゜CH2
,-,CHn to channels CH2, CH3゜...,C
Identification I of the mobile radio device 50
(For example, tone signals such as fDl in FIGS. 2A and 2B (a) and (C) may be combined with f, 1 and ID3, etc.).

The uplink signal of channel CH1 received by radio base station 30-i (i=1.2. . . , n) is transmitted to radio base station 30-i.
After it is demodulated by the receiving unit 53 of i and it is confirmed that there are no abnormalities in the demodulated audio signal or out-of-area signal, the barrier exchange m20
will be forwarded to. In the barrier switch 20, the wireless base station 30-
1.30-2. ....

Among the n signals from the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2, . . . , 30-n, the audio signals are mixed. In the barrier exchange [120, the wireless base stations 30-1, 30-2. , ng signals from radio base stations 30-1, 30-2. ..., 30
-n, each radio base station 30-1, 30-2
．． , 30-n from channel C)-11, CH2,
-, confirm that the signal is from CHn.

The barrier switch 20 confirms that the channel switching operation is proceeding smoothly during the call, and then switches the control unit 38 of the mobile radio 50 to
channel CHn via radio base station 30-n.
Therefore, communication with the radio base station 30-1 via channel CH1 is stopped, and the radio base stations 30-2, 30-3. −． 3
Report that it is possible to concentrate on communication with 0-n.

In the mobile radio device 50 that has received this control signal, the control unit 5
8, synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1
The operation of the synthesizer 55-2, 55-3, .
. . , 55-n are operated in a circular manner, and the transmission channel selection switch 64-2 includes synthesizers 56-2, 56-3, . ..., 56-n to continue the cyclic switching operation.

As a result, the mobile radio device 50 changes the channel CH
Communication with the radio base station 30-1 using the radio base station 30-2, 30-3. ....

30-n and channels CH2, CH3゜...
, CHn to communicate. With this, channel switching is completed, and a state in which communication is being performed using the new wireless channel group is realized. The uplink channel and downlink channel switching operations described above are performed in parallel and end at approximately the same time.

As is clear from the above description, there is no momentary interruption during channel switching, and noise can be kept to a low level that poses no problem in practical use.

If a malfunction or non-operation occurs during any of the above operations, the operation must be restarted from the previous operation. In addition, when the operational failure is large, the control unit 58
There is also an operation for returning to the communication channel before the switching operation, which is stored in the memory section built into the device.

78 through 7E are flow charts showing the flow of operation of the system shown in FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C. Here, a case where a telephone terminal 59-1 is used as the terminal section 59 is illustrated.

Gateway exchange 20. Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2,...
, 30-n and the mobile radio 50 start operating, and the switch 5W of the switch group 23 included in the barrier exchange 20
I-1,1-2,-,1-(n-1)0 is on,
Wireless base station 30-1.30-2.・, 3O-(n-1
> is communicating with the mobile radio device 50. For this communication, channels CH1, CH2, -, CH-(n-1) instructed by the control unit 58 included in the mobile radio device 50 are used.
Downlink frequencies F, F2. ..." n-1 and upstream frequencies fl, f2..., fo-1 are used (310
1, Figure 7A).

Wireless base station 30-1, 30-2. ....

30-(n-1> constantly issues a reception status report from the mobile radio device 50, and when deterioration in communication quality is discovered, it is immediately reported to the mobile radio device 50 (S102>
. Communication quality monitoring unit 57 of mobile radio 1150 that received this
Then (3103), it is monitored whether the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (3104). If the call quality has deteriorated below level L1 (S104YE
S), from the control unit 58, the wireless base stations 30-2, 30-3, . , 30-n, etc., whereas the wireless base stations 30-1.30-2.30-3. −
, 30- (up frequency f1.f2, . . . , fn-1 used for communication between n-1> and the mobile radio device 50)
(5105, FIG. 7B).

Each of the surrounding wireless base stations 30 that has received an instruction to monitor reception (for example, 30-n>, monitors reception of the signal of frequency f1 (3106)) and reports the result to the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio 150 (3107). 3108>, the monitor reception quality from each wireless base station 830 is measured and compared, and the call quality of the wireless base station 3Q-n is set to a certain standard level L2, for example.
(S109YES).

If the communication quality is not good (NO in 3109), the process returns to step 3105 and other wireless base stations 30 are made to perform monitor reception.

Therefore, the control unit 58 controls whether the mobile radio device 50 is connected to the radio base station 30 or
5110.-1 has moved from the zone covered by radio base station 30-n to the zone covered by radio base station 30-n. 7th
In order to switch to communication with the radio base station 30-n, the radio base station 30-n searches for an empty channel that can be used (5111), and as a result, the channel CHn
(S112>. The control unit 58 determines the mobile radio device 5
0 to prepare for communication on channel CHn (3113
).

A communication preparation command for using this channel C)-1n is sent to the radio base station 30-n, and preparations for communication using channel CHn are made (3114). The mobile radio 11150 prepares to enable communication using channel CHn,
That is, the frequency F is received from the control unit 58 to the synthesizers 55-n and 56-n, and the frequency f is transmitted to the synthesizers 55-n and 56-n. The switching controller 65 then enters the switching operation (3115, FIG. 7D).

When it is ready to communicate using channel CHn, the radio base station 30-n sends a preparation completion report to channel CHn.
5116) to contact the mobile radio device 50 using
At the same time, the wireless base station 30-n performs barrier exchange v120.
In response, a report is issued that communication preparations have been completed between the radio base station 30-n and the mobile radio 50 using channel CHn (8116).

The gateway exchange 2 indicates the completion of communication preparation between the radio base station 30-n and the mobile radio 50 using channel C)-1n.
0 confirms (3117), the switches 5W1-1.1-2. ..., leave 1-(n-1) on and turn on switch 5W1-n (31
18). Exchange the barrier there! The communication path control unit 21 included in the mobile radio 150 reports that it is possible to start communication with the mobile radio 50 using the channel CHn (3119).

Upon receiving the communication start possibility report, the radio base station 3Q-n sends a communication start signal to the mobile radio device 50 using channel CHn.
(3123). The mobile radio device 50 confirms the start of communication using the channel CHn using an ID signal which is an identification signal for identifying the radio base station 30-n.
24) At the same time, the communication quality monitoring unit 57 of the mobile radio device 50 measures the quality level of communication between the mobile radio device 50 and the radio base station 30-n, and detects that the quality level is equal to or higher than a certain quality level 12. Then (S125YES, FIG. 7E), the channel CH between the wireless base station 30-1 and the mobile wireless device 50
Wireless base station 30-1
(3126>. As a result, the radio base station 30-1 turns off communication using channel CH1 (S
127).

When the mobile radio 50 confirms that the communication via channel CH1 has stopped (3129), the operation of the synthesizers 55-1 and 56-1 is stopped, and the changeover switch 64-1 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 55-1. However, the selector switch 64-2 stops switching to the output terminal of the synthesizer 56-1 (although this operation is not necessarily required).
Then, the channels CH2, CH3, . . . , CHn are operated.

After confirming that channel CHI communication has stopped, the communication path control unit 21 of the barrier exchange transport 20 switches the switch 5W1- of the switch group 23.
2.1-3. −． Leave 1-n on and switch 5
Turn off WI-1 (8128).

As a result, the channel switching operation period ends, and with the switches 5WI-2, 1-3, -, 1-n in the on state, the channels CH2, CH3, . . . , CHn downlink frequency F
2. F3. ..., Fo up frequency f2, f3. ...
, fn, the mobile radio device 50 connects to the radio base station 30-2.
．． 30-3.・, between 30-n, -shun disconnection,
It is possible to continue high-quality communication without introducing noise and obtaining the transmitting/receiving diversity effect (3130)
.

(6) Estimation of moving direction and speed of mobile radio equipment and communication channel allocation method for traffic congestion countermeasures Mobile radio equipment 5
It is possible to detect the traveling direction and speed of the mobile radio device 50 by measuring and comparing changes in received electric fields or communication quality received by a plurality of radio base stations 30 communicating with the mobile radio device 50.

These will be explained below using FIG. 10.

In FIG. 10, 16 circles each indicate small zones 71 to Z16 within the service area, and radio base stations 30-1, 30-2, . ..., 3
0-16 etc. indicate areas where communication is possible. The mobile radio device 50 currently communicating is within zone Z6 and is connected to the radio base station 30-2.30-3.30-5.30.
Assume that communication is being performed with seven stations: −6.30, 7.30, 10.30, and 11 using diversity. Assuming that the mobile radio device 50 is moving in the direction of the arrow in FIG.
Each of the two radio base stations is measuring the received electric field or reception quality, and these values are collected into the mobile radio device 50. By comparing these measurement results, the mobile radio 50 estimates the moving direction and speed of the mobile radio @50 using the following method.

First, it can be estimated that the moving direction is toward the wireless base station (30-7 in FIG. 10) where the observed input received electric field level changes most rapidly.

In order to obtain reliable results, it is important to choose the measurement duration appropriately. However, this is a mobile radio device 50
It is largely related to the speed of That is, since the radio wave propagation characteristics change from moment to moment, it is possible to eliminate variations in the measured values by measuring at intervals of a certain length of time (3 to 10 seconds in the case of a car). 1st
In Figure 0, when the measurement results obtained in this way are expressed in order from the wireless base station 30 with the largest increase in the input electric field, for example, 30-7 > 30-11 > 30-3, and the decrease in the input electric field is as follows. If expressed in order from the largest radio base station 30, it would be as follows: 30-6>30-10>30-2>36-5.

Furthermore, the moving speed can be estimated by comparing it with the radio wave propagation curve obtained from the radio wave propagation characteristics.

By using the above measurement results, mobile radio 4150
Estimate the destination of the movement, investigate the communication traffic situation of the wireless base station 30 at the destination, and if it is in a congested state, the communication traffic status of the mobile wireless device 50 communicating at the wireless base station 30 It becomes possible to reduce the number of base stations 30. Next, if the congestion of tiger pink spreads over multiple zones instead of just one zone, countermeasures against congestion over a wide area will be required. This is a phenomenon that occurs in car phone systems, etc. in the city center of major cities, and is
0-6.30-7. It is assumed that 30-11 and 30-11 are in a traffic congestion state. Application of the present invention in this regard will be explained in detail.

Assume that a mobile radio 50a is present in zone Z11, moving in the direction of the arrow, and transmitting a calling signal. This calling signal is collected by the mobile radio 50a, and the communication channel to be assigned is determined.
0.30-11゜30-12.30-14.30-15
etc. (diaperity transmission and reception is performed). However, if the traffic is heavy in the above three zones (Z6.7.11>), channels 30-6, 30-7 and 30-11 will not be allocated. The radio base station 30 with the best quality is naturally 30-11, but it is not assigned for the above reason.If the multiplicity of diversity is the above 4 times <30-10. 30-12.
30-14゜30-15>, the mobile radio device 50a can estimate the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio device 50a, so the mobile radio device 50a can estimate the moving direction and moving speed of the mobile radio device 50a. -16 to allocate the channels to be used.

Therefore, although the mobile radio 50a is located in zone Z11, it is located at radio base stations 30-8 and 30- which are slightly far away.
Communication will begin with 16.

By applying the channel allocation described above, it becomes possible to take measures against congestion in high-traffic areas, which have not been solved using conventional system technology.

(7) Relationship between enforcement of communication (talk) restrictions and service types and service classes during communication traffic congestion For example, when a mobile radio device 50 is communicating with a telephone terminal accommodated in the communication network 10 or When desired, a mobile radio 50 in a higher class of service may
In this case, it will be necessary to transfer the wireless communication network to the other party (the former) or the user will not be able to make calls (the latter).

In the former case, mobile radios with lower service classes [5
Even if transfer of 0 is unavoidable, the method of doing so is to immediately forcibly switch, recommend early call termination, or allow calls to continue for a certain period of time. There is a need.

In the case of the latter call, the issue is to what extent the call is allowed depending on the service class, that is, to which service class of the mobile radio device 50 in use at that time the call is restricted. becomes.

In addition to the above, if the number of diversity transmission/reception systems (
By reducing the number of arms), even a mobile radio 50 with a low service class can continue talking, and the service
It is also possible to allow the mobile radio device 5O of a higher class to make a call. FIG. 9A is an example illustrating these relationships.

In FIG. 9A, the communication time limit U means that communication can be continued without any restrictions, and is given to VIPs (important subscribers). During normal traffic times, it is given to any class. However, as traffic increases, C
This means that regulations are strengthened in the order of 1>C2>...>C0 (cutting). Similarly, for the number N of diversity systems, N1 means the maximum number given in the system, and the VIP is always given N1, or the lower the service class is, the more N1>N, >...>S. S shows the case where a transceiver is used and the wireless channel is also 1.

In addition, FIG. 9A shows service types such as wideband image communication, high-speed data communication, and voice communication, composite communication that uses multiple single service types, VIPl, VIP, and VIP that use only one of the service types. 2.

- When the traffic condition is normal or when it is considerably improving (Width II)
>, the number of available communication times and the number of diversity systems are shown separately for cases where there is a high degree of convergence (width x).

(8) Upgrading the radio channel to be used when a radio channel of a higher service type (broadband communication) is available The mobile radio device 50 is communicating with a telephone terminal accommodated in the communication network 10 or When desired, it is necessary to transfer the radio channel to the mobile radio Ifa 50, which is higher in the service class, to increase call traffic on the telephone radio channel allocated within the system, or it becomes impossible to make a call. Become. At this time, it is assumed that the radio channels allocated to the system for high-speed data communication and image communication have empty channels without traffic congestion Ii&.

Since this information is grasped by the mobile radio device 50, by changing the radio channel to be used from one for telephone calls to one for high-speed data, etc. (hereinafter referred to as upgrading the used channel), it can be temporarily allocated for another purpose. It becomes possible to carry out desired communication using the wireless channel.

The case of making a call (phone call) will be explained below. In this case, since the calling signal from the mobile radio 150 is not sent out because there is no idle communication channel, the control unit 58 will determine whether or not to upgrade the used channel. for that,
The ID roam area information collation storage section 54 in the mobile radio device 50 is searched for an empty channel among the wireless channels for high-speed data communication. As a result, if there are empty channels, the number of empty channels and the 1 novice class of the mobile radio device 50 are taken into account to determine whether or not the calling operation is possible.

If it is possible to make a call, it adds information indicating the upgrading of the used channel to the voice communication ID as its own ID, and transmits a call signal to the surrounding wireless base station 30 using the control channel. When the surrounding wireless base station 30 inspects the content of the received signal, it recognizes that it wants to upgrade the call, and selects one of the wireless channels for high-speed data communication of the wireless base station 30 that can be used. For example, it responds by adding an available wireless channel number for high-speed data communication to its own IO. The mobile radio device 50 receives this. Similar response signals are sent from other radio base stations 30 and received by mobile radio device 50.

The mobile radio device 50 inspects the contents of these response signals,
A message to that effect is sent to this wireless base station 30.

Upon receiving this, the radio base station 3Q transmits the ID of the mobile radio 150, information indicating the upgrade, and the ID of the radio base station 30 to the gateway exchange 20. The gateway exchange 20 receives this and stores information such as charges for high-speed data communication in the ID identification storage section 24 (of course, a voice transmission path is sufficient). The subsequent operations are performed by the same process as the calling operation already explained in (2).

FIG. 9B shows the upgrade implementation procedure for each service type and service class corresponding to FIG. 9A. In Figure 9B, G1>G2...>Go>F (impossible), which indicates the degree of upgrade possibility, means that the terminal of the service class written as G1 has the highest priority. Or, G2. G3. ..., and the final grade F means no upgrade.

[Effects of the Invention] As is clear from the above explanation, by applying the present invention to a mobile communication system that uses a small zone configuration, it is possible to eliminate temporary interruptions when changing zones during a call, as in conventional systems. This problem has been completely eliminated in facsimile signals and data signals due to image quality deterioration and burst signal errors, even if the frequency of channel switching during communication increases. The aim is to improve communication quality by adopting economical transmitting and receiving diversity, and to improve frequency efficiency by reducing interference.

Along with this, systems using the same mobile radio equipment,
It is now possible to access wireless channels allocated separately for telephone calls, high-speed data communications, and nine image communications, allowing telephone and data communication to be carried out within the terminal unit.

Even in communication terminals that are equipped with many types of terminals, such as images, and are suitable for the 15DN era, various new services are now technically possible without distinction between narrowband communication and wideband communication.

Roughly speaking, even when the traffic of one type of service is congested, if there is an empty wireless channel for the higher-order (broadband) service, it is possible to temporarily borrow this and communicate. This has made it possible to build a system that is resistant to fluctuations in communication traffic.

Additionally, for mobile radio equipment in the upper service class, it was possible to ensure good communication regardless of traffic fluctuations. In addition, it is possible to improve communication quality by effectively using wireless equipment during times when traffic is slow, to substantially increase the number of usable channels when traffic suddenly increases in a certain small zone, and to improve communication quality by effectively using wireless equipment during times when traffic is at its peak. In addition to being able to process location registration signals from mobile radios, it is also possible to effectively specify communication channels by detecting the moving direction and speed of moving objects, making it possible to use frequencies economically and efficiently. Since it has become possible to construct a highly efficient mobile communication system, the effects of the present invention are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1A, 1B and 1C are system configuration diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 1D and 1E are circuit configuration diagrams showing other embodiments of the wireless base station of the present invention; Figure 1F is a circuit configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the transmitter/receiver, Figures 1G, 1H, and 11 are circuit diagrams showing other embodiments of the mobile radio device, and Figures 2A (a> and (b) ) is a spectrum diagram and circuit configuration diagram for explaining a configuration example of a control signal for an audio signal used in the present invention, and FIGS. 2B (C) and (d) are configurations of a control signal for an image signal used in the present invention. A spectrum diagram and a circuit configuration diagram for explaining an example; FIG. 2C is a diagram showing an example of assigning various IDs; FIG. 3 is an explanation of the operation of the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C. FIGS. 4A and 4B are flowcharts showing the flow of the location registration operation of the present invention, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are timing charts for
6A, 6B and 6C are flowcharts showing the flow of call receiving operations from a mobile radio, and FIGS. 7A and 7B.
7C, 7D, and 7E are flow charts showing the flow of channel switching operations in the system shown in FIGS. 18 to 1C, and FIG. 8 is a wireless channel for a mobile communication system. Figure 9A is a diagram showing an example of allocation, Figure 9A is a diagram showing service types, service classes, communication time limits, and setting standards for the number of diversity systems. Figure 9B is a diagram showing service types, service classes, and upgrade implementation procedures. FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram of operation for explaining detection of traveling direction and speed of a mobile radio device, and FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of system configuration for explaining an example of a conventional system. 9...Telephone network 10...Communication network 11...
・Exchange 12...Radio line control station 13A-
D... Radio base station 14A-D... Zone 15... Mobile radio device 16
A to D...Transmission line 19.20...Gateway switch 2
1... Communication path control unit 23... Switch group 24.
...ID identification storage section 30.30B, 30G. 30-1. ~30-n...Radio base station 31.31-1
~31-n...Transmission unit 32...Radio base station control device 33.33-1~33-n...Reception unit 34.34G,
34-1 to 34-n...ID identification storage unit 35-1 to 35-n, 36-1 to 36-n...Synthesizer 37...Communication quality monitoring unit 38.38B, 38G...Control Section 39... Interface 40. 40G... Reference crystal oscillator 41... Transmission mixer 42... Interference and disturbance detector 43... Reception mixer 45... Reception switching controller 46... Wireless transmission Circuit 47...Transmission switching controller 48...Radio reception circuit 50.50B, 50G...Mobile radio 51...Transmission section 53.53-1 to 53-n...Reception section 54.・・ID
-Roam area information verification storage unit 55-1 to 55-n, 5
6-1 to 56-n...Synthesizer 57...Communication quality monitoring unit 58.588.58C, 58D...Control unit 59...
Telephone unit 61.61-1 to 61-n... Transmission mixer 62...
Interference detectors 63.63-1 to 63-n...reception mixer 64-1.
64-2.64-3...Selector switch 65C...Reception switching controller 66.66-1 to 66-n...Radio transmitter circuit 67C.
...Transmission switching controller 68.68-1 to 68-n...Radio receiving circuit 69...
-Mixing circuit 71...Reference crystal oscillator 91...Digital encoding circuit 92...Multiple conversion circuits 93-1 to 93-m...Communication quality monitoring receiver 94.
. . . Control transceiver 96 . . . Antenna sharing devices 71 to 216 . . . Zone.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Each radio base means that covers a plurality of zones and constitutes a service area, barrier exchange means that connects the radio base means and a general communication network, and the service area
Setting and canceling a communication path between the mobile radio means and at least one of the radio base means including the mobile radio means located within the area, and updating the radio base means in communication to change the communication path. In a communication method for mobile communication, providing identification information according to the type of communication to a control signal for forming a communication path between the mobile radio means and the radio base means, and using the identification information to control the mobile communication. Selecting one channel group from a plurality of channel groups for narrowband signals, medium band signals, and wideband signals possessed by the radio means and the radio base means, and then setting at least one desired channel to form the communication path. A communication method for mobile communication, characterized in that: 2. At least one radio base means including each radio base means each covering a plurality of zones to constitute a service area, and mobile radio means connecting the radio base means to a general communication network; A communication system for mobile communication that changes the communication path by setting and canceling a communication path with a mobile radio means and updating the radio base means during communication, wherein the mobile radio means a terminal, a medium-band signal terminal, and a broadband signal terminal, and the mobile radio means and the radio base means include the control signal for forming a communication path between the two means. means for assigning identification information according to the terminal; and selecting one channel group from a plurality of channel groups for narrowband signals, medium band signals, and wideband signals based on the identification information, and setting at least one desired channel. A communication system for mobile communication, characterized by comprising means.