JPH01260053A - Method and apparatus for milling web - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform approximately the same sufficient and uniform milling of a web as that obtained by the several repeating of a roller canal style processing, by colliding highly pressured jet streams on the continuously traveling web loaded on a conveyer at specific intervals in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the web from the upper direction of the web. CONSTITUTION:A web F such as woven fabric or knitted fabric is loaded on a conveyer 1, allowed to continuously travel and introduced to a treating zone P. A plurality of nozzles 2 arranged in a half column state are disposed on a nozzle body 3 in the treating zone P and plural small diameter column-shaped high pressured jet streams are jetted from the upper direction of the web F. Since the high pressured jet streams are constituted so that the loci of the jet streams followed on the surface of the web F along the traveling direction of the web F have intervals 1-4 times larger than the collision diameters of the jet streams on the surface of the web F and the jet streams collides on the surface of the web F at intervals of >=3mm in the lateral direction of the web F, the fibers forming the web F are fuzzed and interlaced to form a felt and the contraction of the web F is caused in the traveling direction of the web F to increase the thickness of the web F.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for crimping fabrics such as woolen fabrics, blended woolen fabrics, woven fabrics, and knitted fabrics.

(Prior Art) Woolen fabrics and blended woolen fabrics are usually subjected to a fulling process, and some types of knitted fabrics are also subjected to similar processing.

This shrinking treatment method includes eight methods: a chemical method using chemicals, a method using heat shrinkage, and a physical method using collision with a solid or friction.

However, chemical methods require additional steps such as washing the fabric to remove chemicals after treatment and treating the washing water as waste water, and methods using heat shrinkage require a huge amount of heat. Both methods are undesirable because they require energy and run counter to current energy conservation efforts, and the roller canal method, which is one of the physical methods, is generally adopted. The fabric is made into a loop by sewing the starting and ending ends together, and while circulating it, it is compressed in the width and thickness directions with two rollers, and then pushed into a box called a canal, which is then compressed in the longitudinal direction as well. After being compressed, it is released outside to release it from external forces. That is, by circulating the fabric, these compression and release operations are repeated, thereby imparting a fulling effect.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) In other words, the shrinking effect in the roller canal method described above is the relaxation of stress and strain in the threads that make up the fabric, and the increase in thickness, by giving a kneading effect to the fabric. It is an effect of promoting felting and shrinkage in the longitudinal direction, and it is no exaggeration to say that this shrinking effect is the key, especially for fabrics whose constituent fibers are wool.

However, in this method, the shrinking effect is small if the fabric is circulated only once or several times, and in order to obtain a sufficient shrinking effect, it is necessary to circulate the fabric many times and repeat the same process. It takes a long time, ranging from several minutes to several hours, to process one piece of fabric. Furthermore, this method is a batch process and cannot continuously perform fulling processing on the fabric.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a processing method and apparatus that can efficiently achieve sufficient shrinking effect in a short period of time.

(Means for solving the problem) In order to achieve the above object, the method of the present invention consists of a treatment zone in which a fabric such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric is continuously run and a plurality of high-pressure jets are injected over substantially the entire surface of the fabric. In one processing zone, a line of trajectories that a high-pressure jet follows on the fabric surface along the running direction of the fabric is 1 of the diameter of the jet impinging on the fabric surface. The gist is that they are formed at intervals of ~4 times, and that the spraying positions have a gap of 3 mm or more in the width direction of the fabric.

In addition, the equipment for carrying out this method is equipped with a transport conveyor that continuously runs the fabric, and nozzles that spray a plurality of small diameter cylindrical high-pressure jets from above toward the conveyor to form one processing zone. The constituting nozzle bodies are arranged vertically in parallel, and the nozzle injection openings of the nozzle bodies are arranged along the traveling direction of the conveyor, with a diameter of 1 to 1.
There is a fabric fulling device in which extension lines are formed at four times the distance, and a gap of 9 mm or more is provided in the width direction of the conveyor.

Then, if the nozzles are provided in a flying geese pattern on the nozzle body, and the injection position of the high pressure jet is made to form a flying geese pattern on the fabric surface,
The nozzle is easy to install and is effective for processing.

(Function) The method and device of the present invention described above allows the injected high-pressure jet to
By colliding with the threads that make up the fabric at high speed, the stress and strain that the threads have been subjected to during the spinning, weaving, and knitting processes is removed.
It has the effect of relaxing, scraping out and intertwining the fibers on the surface of the yarn, and aligning them in the jet direction. Also,
The continuously running fabric is pressed by the force of a high-pressure jet from above, is pushed in the running direction and compressed, and is released from the external force after the high-pressure jet has passed. In other words, the pressure exerted on the fabric by a high-pressure jet.

The relaxing effect provides a massage effect. As a result, the fabric becomes thicker and has a softer waist, and the fibers scraped from the surface become intertwined, making the fabric feel like a felt and improving its feel.

Furthermore, the injection position and interval of the high-pressure jets are set in consideration of both the requirements of sufficiently and uniformly performing the above-mentioned processing treatment and ensuring stable running of the fabric.

(Example) Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main parts thereof, showing a conveyor (1) for continuously running the fabric (F), and a conveyor (1) of this conveyor (1). The nozzle body (3) is arranged in parallel above to constitute one processing zone (3).

The conveyor (1) is a mesh-like conveyor having many small holes, and has front and rear drive rollers (4) + (4
), and furthermore, a reinforcing plate (5) is provided below this conveyor (1) to support the fabric (2) together with the conveyor (1). In addition, this reinforcing plate (5) has the following:
Small holes, slits, etc. are penetrated through which the liquid passing through the mesh-like conveyor (1) can be discharged downward.

Above the conveyor (1), a pair of upper and lower supply rollers (6
) + (6), and a pair of rollers (7a), (7
b) Take-out conveyors (7) installed in between are arranged in front and behind the processing zone (2), sandwiching the processing zone (2).

The nozzle body (3) constituting the processing zone (3) has a plurality of nozzles (2) facing downward and is connected to a pipe (3) extending from a high-pressure pump (not shown). In addition, a water supply mechanism (9a) is installed before and after the treatment zone (toward).
+ (9b) is provided, and the front mechanism (9a) is directed toward the traveling direction (arrow X direction) of the conveyor (1), while the rear mechanism (9b) is provided with a conveyor (1).
By supplying water vertically from above through each pipe, a water film is created between the fabric (1) and the conveyor (1). A drainage receiver (not shown) for all liquids including water is provided so as to surround the entire lower part of the conveyor (1).

Next, the arrangement of the nozzles (2) in the nozzle body (3) will be explained based on FIG. 8. This figure shows an example of a suitable arrangement for carrying out the method of the present invention using the above-mentioned apparatus, in which a plurality of nozzles (2) are arranged in a flying geese pattern.

In this arrangement state, the nozzle (2) has its injection port (
2a) to the center of the conveyor (1) (not shown in Figure 88)
The distance 11 between the extension lines (dotted lines) extending along the traveling direction (arrow X direction) is set to 1 to 4 times the injection aperture r. In addition, the opening direction of the conveyor (1) (
In the direction of arrow Y), the injection port (2a) of the nozzle (2) is
A gap 12 of 3 mm or more is provided.

The nozzle (2) used here is a nozzle whose jet nozzle area directly becomes the impact area on the object, that is, the diameter of the jet is the diameter of its collision part, and the jet has a small diameter cylindrical shape. That's what you get.

Next, a fulling method performed using this apparatus will be explained.

First, the fabric (F) is passed through a pair of upper and lower supply rollers (6).
(6), and is passed through there and placed on the conveyor (1). Then, the drive roller (4) is rotated at a predetermined speed in the two directions of the arrows to continuously drive the conveyor (1) to convey the fabric.

In this way, while the fabric (F) is being conveyed while being placed on the conveyor (1), it is sequentially passed through the processing zones (F) to be treated, and then taken out by the take-out conveyor (7). The processing in one processing zone (F) is completed.

At this time, there is a water supply mechanism (9a) before and after the treatment zone (2).

(9b), the water supplied from here is
A thin water film is created between the transported fabric (F) and the conveyor (1), which reduces friction between the two, and
This will give the fabric (F) a shrinkage margin, and the fabric (F)
This is preferable because smooth running and sufficient shrinkage effects can be obtained.

In the processing zone (F), a high-pressure pump supplies high-pressure fluid to an appropriate pressure through a pipe (3) to the nozzle body (3), and the fluid is sent from a plurality of nozzles (2) to the conveyor. (1) Spray toward the upper fabric (F)K. While receiving this high-pressure jet stream (4), the fabric (T) is supported by the conveyor (1) and the reinforcing plate (5) below it, and is treated in a tentative state as it travels. And the cloth t'f
), the weakened high-pressure jet is transferred to the conveyor (1
) and the small holes and slits in the reinforcing plate (5), and is discharged to a drainage receiver (not shown).

In the method of fulling performed in this way, the jet line between the high-pressure jets from the nozzle (2), that is, as the fabric (F) advances, the high-pressure jet (5) is applied to the fabric (G). The row of trajectories that follow on the surface along the running direction is 1
In one treatment zone (g), the fabric (
F) It is required that the spacing is 1 to 4 times the impact diameter on the surface. In other words, the range covered by the high-pressure jet (■) for one location is up to four times the above, and if the row spacing is wider than this, an untreated area will be created. If they are narrowly arranged, the treated areas will overlap, making it impossible to perform uniform treatment on both areas, which is unsuitable. In addition, within the above range of 1 to 4 times, it is preferable to unify this in one treatment zone from the viewpoint of uniformity of the treatment effect, and it is more preferable to unify all injection row spacings in the range of 2 to 8 times. .

Furthermore, the injection position of this high-pressure jet stream is required to have a gap of 8 mm or more in the width direction of the fabric (F).

This is because when the high-pressure jet (4) collides with the fabric (F), the following eight types of forces act on the jet collided portion of the fabric (G). That is, the fabric (g) is moved by the drive of the conveyor (1).
A conveying force N that tries to make the fabric (F) run, a stopping force N2 that tries to hinder the running of the fabric (F) due to the pressure of the jet stream, and a part that can be smoothly conveyed under the pressure of the jet stream. This is the conveying force N8 received from.

tb, the conveying force Nl and the stopping force N2 act in opposite directions, and the conveying force N8 is the conveying force N! By working in the same direction as this, it has the effect of promoting the running of the fabric (F).

However, if the injection position of the high-pressure jet has a gap of 3 mm or more in the width direction of the fabric, a sufficient area for smooth conveyance can be obtained, and the relationship between the eight types of forces described above is , N2 (Nl + Ng).The resultant force of the pick, both conveying forces N, and N8 exceeds the stopping force N2, allowing the fabric to run smoothly.

On the other hand, if the injection position of the high-pressure jet (4) does not have a gap of 3 mm or more in the width direction of the fabric (G), N8 will be The relationship between these forces is N2 ) Nl +
It becomes Ns. Since the combined force of the pick and both conveying forces N1 and N3 cannot overcome the stopping force N2, smooth running is impaired, and as a result, the fabric (F) is immediately before the collision point of the high-pressure jet (4). This buildup in the width direction and bulges due to sagging is the cause of wrinkles in the width direction.

In addition, this high-pressure jet jet is configured so that the above-mentioned continuous injection and multiple injection rows are not performed. This is because when spraying on the same row along the running direction of the fabric (F) between one treatment zone (F), a tensile action occurs between the sprayed parts and the shrinkage effect is reduced, and the same This is done in view of the fact that the spray will have to be sprayed multiple times in succession, which may destroy the tissue of the fabric (F).

All such requirements, however, are met in this embodiment by the nozzle arrangement shown in FIG. That is,
As a result, the high-pressure jet spray can provide a sufficient gap in the width direction of the fabric (G) to allow the fabric (G) to run smoothly, and can be sprayed evenly over the surface of the fabric (G) to perform uniform treatment. It is.

The warp, wale course direction, and running direction of the fabric (F) are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use the warp direction or the wale direction as the running direction because a higher shrinkage effect can be obtained. .

Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a plurality of processing zones (I) with the above-mentioned structure in the running direction of the fabric (G) and repeat the processing multiple times to increase the shrinking effect. Needless to say, it is necessary to provide a means for conveying the fabric without applying tension to it as much as possible.

Furthermore, by providing a means for reversing the front and back sides of the fabric (F) and applying treatment to one side, the other side is also treated via this means, thereby obtaining sufficient shrinkage from both sides of the fabric (F). This is preferable because it gives a carpet effect, and in particular, by performing the final processing on the back side of the fabric, the surface of the product fabric can have a lot of fluff and a rich felt feel.

In addition, if a tightening agent is applied to the fabric before this treatment, a better tightening effect can be obtained.

Specific Example 1> The above-mentioned fulling method was carried out using the apparatus of this example.

Target fabric: Goga blend: 85% wool, 65% polyester Yarn count = 12 count Single yarn weave structure: 2/2 twill yarn diameter: Q, 9 mm Yarn pitch: Q, g mm Nozzle: Injection diameter r Q, (3 mm) The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 From the results, it can be seen that according to the method of the present invention, a sufficient and uniform shrinking effect can be obtained while the fabric (F) runs smoothly.

In addition, it has been found that favorable results can be obtained by setting the following processing conditions as other conditions.

Injection pressure crab 10 to 100 kg/cm2 Jet length: Maximum 500 mm Traveling speed: 2 to 80 m/min Conveyor = 40 to 70 mesh So, considering each requirement, first, the injection pressure of high pressure jet (4) is If it is larger than the above range, the fiber structure will be destroyed; if it is smaller, no effect will be obtained; if the jet length, that is, the distance from the nozzle tip to the fabric surface, is too long, the jet will entrain air, The shape is disturbed and the jet pressure is also reduced. Although it depends on the precision of the nozzle, in this state it is difficult to obtain an uneven shrinking effect on the fabric, which is not suitable.

The running speed of the fabric (F) is related to the above injection pressure,
If the processing speed is too fast, sufficient processing effect will not be given, and if it is too slow, the fiber structure will be destroyed, so the type of fabric,
It is necessary to consider the injection pressure within the above range.

If the mesh value of the conveyor is coarser than the above range, it is not preferable because the high-pressure jet will create many irregularities on the fabric corresponding to the shape of the mesh. Moreover, if it is too dense, the injected fluid will not be discharged smoothly, which is unsuitable.

Furthermore, there is also a mutual relationship between the yarn diameter and yarn pitch, and the jet diameter and jet pitch, and it is preferable that they are approximately the same. In other words, when the jet diameter is extremely large compared to the yarn diameter and yarn pitch, there is no place for the yarn to escape and the yarn fibers are scraped out excessively, leading to tissue destruction and cutting. . Conversely, when the jet diameter is extremely small compared to the yarn diameter and yarn pitch, the effect obtained by the high-pressure jet colliding with the fabric becomes small.

<Specific Example 2> Next, the properties of the fabrics obtained by the method of the present invention and the conventional roller canal method were measured. The processing conditions were as follows, and the results are shown in Table 2.

South, target fabric 1, odor example 1, same ° 7 koshi T.

Processing conditions of the method of the present invention; Injection pressure crab 50 kg/cm2 Jet length: 40mm Nozzle: 0.8mm straight nozzle Array 2M rows (@8 pieces x 21 pieces).

Pitch 11: 0.8mm, 12: 16mm
Conveyor = 60 mesh Running speed: l Q m/min Number of processing: 2 fronts 2 backs 2 Running direction: warp direction Processing conditions of conventional method: Main roller pressure crab 95 kg/cm2 Canal pressure crab 80 kg/cm” The results show that the shear hardness and hysteresis width, as well as the bending hardness and hysteresis width, are sufficiently large, indicating that the surface is becoming felted due to intertwining of the fibers, and that the running direction of the fabric, that is, the warp direction The shrinkage rate and thickness increase rate are also much higher than the conventional method.
It is clear that a remarkable shrinking effect has been obtained.

Furthermore, in the method of the present invention, since the treatment is carried out in the expanded state, processing wrinkles were not generated in the fabric.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, a sufficient shrinking effect can be obtained that is equivalent to repeating the roller canal process several times. In other words, the fibers become fluffy and entangled due to the injection of high-pressure jets, and the surface of the fabric becomes felt.
Furthermore, the fabric shrinks in the direction of travel, increasing its thickness, resulting in a fabric with a comfortable feel and smoothness.

Further, by setting the injection position and interval of the high-pressure jet, it becomes possible to perform uniform treatment while running the fabric smoothly.

In particular, if the apparatus of the present invention is used, the method of the present invention can be carried out extremely efficiently, and sufficient continuous processing can be carried out in a short period of time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the same essential parts, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of nozzles. (1) Conveyor, (2) Nozzle, (3)
... Nozzle body, (4) ... Drive roller, (5) ...
Reinforcement plate, (6)... Supply roller, (7)... Take-out conveyor, (3)... Pipe, (9a) + (9b
)...Water supply mechanism, (F)...Fabric,
(4)...High-pressure jet, (F)...Processing zone. 1--～・, Figure 2 5〆Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A method for carrying out a fulling treatment by continuously running a fabric such as a woven fabric or a knitted fabric and passing it through a treatment zone in which a plurality of high-pressure jets are sprayed over substantially the entire surface of the fabric, comprising: In one treatment zone, a row of trajectories that high-pressure jets follow on the fabric surface along the running direction of the fabric is formed at intervals of 1 to 4 times the jet impingement diameter on the fabric surface, and the injection position is A method for fulling a fabric, characterized in that the fabric has a gap of 8 mm or more in the width direction. 2) Conveyor (1) that continuously runs the fabric (F)
) and a nozzle body (3) that constitutes one processing zone (P) by providing a nozzle (2) that injects a plurality of small-diameter cylindrical high-pressure jets (W) from above toward the conveyor (1).
are arranged vertically in parallel, and the injection port (2a) of the nozzle (2) in this nozzle body (3) extends a distance of 1 to 4 times the injection port diameter along the traveling direction of the conveyor (1). A fabric fulling device is provided with a gap of 3 mm or more in the width direction of a conveyor (1), in which an extension line is formed at the center of the conveyor (1). 3) The fabric fulling apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the nozzles (2) are provided in a flying geese pattern on the nozzle body (3).