JPH01222208A - Polarization maintaining optical fiber and fiber base material for producing said fiber - Google Patents
Polarization maintaining optical fiber and fiber base material for producing said fiberInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01222208A JPH01222208A JP63049111A JP4911188A JPH01222208A JP H01222208 A JPH01222208 A JP H01222208A JP 63049111 A JP63049111 A JP 63049111A JP 4911188 A JP4911188 A JP 4911188A JP H01222208 A JPH01222208 A JP H01222208A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- fiber
- maintaining optical
- polarization
- glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000000220 Panda oleosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 o s) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010979 ruby Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001750 ruby Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/105—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type having optical polarisation effects
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「産業上の利用分野」
本発明は、複屈折率の変化等の光学現象を利用したファ
イバセンサやコヒーレントな光通信などに好適に利用さ
れる偏波保持光ファイバおよびこれを製造するためのフ
ァイバ母材に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to polarization-maintaining optical fibers and fibers that are suitably used in fiber sensors and coherent optical communications that utilize optical phenomena such as changes in birefringence. The present invention relates to a fiber base material for manufacturing this.
「従来の技術」
第３図は、偏波保持光ファイバの断面を示すものであ°
る。このものはいわゆるＰＡＮＤＡ型などと称されてい
るもので、石英系ガラスからなるコア１の両側に応力付
与部２．２が配置され、これらコア１および応力付与部
２．２が石英系ガラスからなるクラッド３Ｃごよって覆
われてなるものである。"Prior art" Figure 3 shows a cross section of a polarization maintaining optical fiber.
Ru. This is called the so-called PANDA type, in which stress-applying parts 2.2 are arranged on both sides of a core 1 made of silica-based glass, and these core 1 and stress-applying parts 2.2 are made of silica-based glass. It is covered with a cladding 3C.
従来の偏波保持光ファイバにあっては、応力付与部２が
酸化ホウ素（Ｂ 、ｏ ｓ）、酸化ゲルマニウム（Ｇ
ｅＯ＊）、五酸化リン（Ｐ＊Ｏｓ）、酸化アルミニウム
（Ａｃｍｏｓ）を単独にあるいは組み合わせてドープし
た石英ガラス（以下、Ｂ ｍ Ｏｓドープ石英ガラスと
略称する）によって形成されていた。In conventional polarization-maintaining optical fibers, the stress applying portion 2 is made of boron oxide (B, o s), germanium oxide (G
It was formed of quartz glass doped with B m Os*), phosphorous pentoxide (P*Os), and aluminum oxide (Acmos), either singly or in combination (hereinafter abbreviated as B m Os-doped quartz glass).
「発明が解決しようとする課題」
前記従来の偏波保持光ファイバにあっては、ある程度の
特性を得られるものの、達成できる複屈折率には限界が
あり、光通信における低損失化を達成するには不充分で
あった。またこの偏波保持光ファイバでは、温度や張力
、圧力等に対して充分高感度なファイバセンサを構成で
きない不満があった。また光フアイバ偏光子を作成する
場合には、動作波長域や作成条件を広くするために、よ
り高い複屈折率を有する偏波保持光ファイバが求められ
ていた。``Problem to be solved by the invention'' Although the conventional polarization-maintaining optical fiber described above can achieve certain characteristics, there is a limit to the birefringence that can be achieved, and it is difficult to achieve low loss in optical communication. was insufficient. Furthermore, this polarization maintaining optical fiber has the disadvantage that it is not possible to construct a fiber sensor with sufficiently high sensitivity to temperature, tension, pressure, etc. Furthermore, when producing an optical fiber polarizer, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber having a higher birefringence index has been required in order to widen the operating wavelength range and production conditions.
本発明は前記事情に鑑みてなされたしので、より大きな
複屈折率を有する偏波保持光ファイバおよびこれを製造
するためのファイバ母材を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a polarization-maintaining optical fiber having a larger birefringence and a fiber preform for manufacturing the same.
［課題を解決するための手段」
本発明の偏波保持光ファイバでは、応力付与部を酸化ア
ルミニウムで形成することによって、前記課題の解決を
図った。[Means for Solving the Problems] In the polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention, the above-mentioned problems were solved by forming the stress applying portion with aluminum oxide.
またこの偏波保持光ファイバを製造する際に用いるファ
イバ母材には、石英系ガラスからなるコアガラス部が石
英系ガラスからなるクラッドガラス部で囲まれ、前記ク
ラッドガラス部にコアガラス部を挟むように酸化アルミ
ニウムの単結晶からなる棒状の応力付外部形成部材が配
置されたものが好適に用いられる。In addition, in the fiber base material used when manufacturing this polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a core glass part made of silica glass is surrounded by a clad glass part made of silica glass, and the core glass part is sandwiched between the clad glass parts. A structure in which a rod-shaped stressed external forming member made of a single crystal of aluminum oxide is arranged is preferably used.
「作用 」
酸化アルミニウムは、Ｂ、０．ドープ石英ガラスに比較
して、熱膨張係数が大きい、融点が高い、ヤング率が大
きい等の特徴を有しているので、光フアイバ内に大きな
内部応力を生じせしめることができる。"Action" Aluminum oxide is B, 0. Compared to doped quartz glass, it has characteristics such as a larger coefficient of thermal expansion, a higher melting point, and a larger Young's modulus, so it can generate large internal stress within the optical fiber.
「実施例」 以下、図面を参照して本発明の詳細な説明する。"Example" Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図は本発明の偏波保持光ファイバの一実施例を示す
もので、図中符号５はコアである。このコア５は石英系
ガラスからなるもので、この例では屈折率を大きくする
ための酸化ゲルマニウム（ＧｅＯｔ）が純石英にドープ
されてなるガラスによって形成されている。FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention, and reference numeral 5 in the figure indicates a core. The core 5 is made of silica-based glass, and in this example, it is made of pure quartz doped with germanium oxide (GeOt) to increase the refractive index.
このコア５の両側部には、若干離間した位置に応力付与
部６゛、６が配置されている。この応力付与部６．６は
、酸化アルミニウムによって形成されている。酸化アル
ミニウムの母材としてはルビーやサファイアなどを利用
できるが、この例の光ファイバではサファイアによって
応力付与部６゜６が形成されている。On both sides of the core 5, stress applying parts 6', 6 are arranged at positions slightly apart from each other. This stress applying portion 6.6 is made of aluminum oxide. Ruby, sapphire, etc. can be used as the base material of aluminum oxide, and in the optical fiber of this example, the stress applying portion 6.degree. 6 is formed of sapphire.
これらコア５および応力付与部６．６は、クラッド７に
よって覆われている。この例の偏波保持光ファイバのク
ラッド７は、高純度な石英によって形成されている。The core 5 and the stress applying section 6.6 are covered with a cladding 7. The cladding 7 of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber in this example is made of high-purity quartz.
この偏波保持光ファイバは、第２図に示すファイバ母材
を石英管からなるジャケットに挿入して紡糸することに
より製造された。This polarization-maintaining optical fiber was manufactured by inserting the fiber base material shown in FIG. 2 into a jacket made of a quartz tube and spinning it.
このファイバ母材は、酸化ゲルマニウムがドープされた
石英ガラスからなるコアガラス部１０が、純粋な石英ガ
ラスからなるクラッドガラス部１１で囲まれ、クラッド
ガラス部１１にコアガラス部１０を挟むように穿設され
た孔に丸棒状の応力付外部形成部材１２．１２が挿入さ
れてなるものである。応力付外部形成部材１２は、酸化
アルミニウムの単結晶からなるもので、この例では外面
を鏡面研摩した単結晶サファイアからなるロッドが用い
られた。In this fiber base material, a core glass part 10 made of quartz glass doped with germanium oxide is surrounded by a clad glass part 11 made of pure silica glass, and holes are formed in the clad glass part 11 so as to sandwich the core glass part 10 therebetween. A round bar-shaped stressed external forming member 12.12 is inserted into the provided hole. The stressed external forming member 12 is made of a single crystal of aluminum oxide, and in this example, a rod made of single crystal sapphire whose outer surface is mirror polished is used.
また、応力付外部形成部材１２．１２が挿入された孔は
、石英製の丸棒１３．１３によって閉止されている。Furthermore, the hole into which the stressed external formation 12.12 is inserted is closed by a round bar 13.13 made of quartz.
このファイバ母材を加熱したところ、一定の融点を示さ
ないガラスは粘性を有する状態で、明確な融点を有する
単結晶サファイは流動性を有する液状となって紡糸され
た。When this fiber base material was heated, the glass, which does not have a fixed melting point, became viscous, and the single crystal sapphire, which has a definite melting point, became a fluid liquid and was spun.
製作された偏波保持光ファイバは、コア径が７×５μ肩
、ファイバ径が９０Ｘ７５μ！、。応力付与部６゜６間
の間隔が２１μｌであった。またカットオフ波長は０．
７５μ肩であった。The manufactured polarization maintaining optical fiber has a core diameter of 7 x 5 μ and a fiber diameter of 90 x 75 μ! ,. The distance between the stress applying parts 6°6 was 21 μl. Also, the cutoff wavelength is 0.
The shoulder was 75μ.
ついで、この偏波保持光ファイバのモード複屈折率を調
べたところ４．ｌＸ１（Ｉ’であった。測定は、光涼に
レーザーダイオード（波長０．８５μ肩）を用い、波長
掃引法によって行った。Next, we investigated the mode birefringence of this polarization-maintaining optical fiber and found that it was 4. lX1 (I').The measurement was carried out by the wavelength sweep method using a light laser diode (wavelength: 0.85 μm).
比較のために、ＢｔＯｓをドープした石英ガラスで応力
付与部が形成された点のみ前記実施例のものと異なる偏
波保持光ファイバを製作し、そのモ−ド複屈折率を調べ
たところ、約２．０Ｘ１０°４であった。For comparison, we fabricated a polarization-maintaining optical fiber that differed from the above example only in that the stress-applying portion was formed of BtOs-doped quartz glass, and examined its mode birefringence, which revealed that it was approximately It was 2.0×10°4.
この結果、本発明の偏波保持ファイバは、偏波モード間
の伝搬定数差が大きく良好な偏波保持ファイバであるこ
とが確認された。これは、酸化アルミニウムからなる応
力付与部６．６とガラスからなるクラッド７およびコア
５の部分との熱収縮の差により光フアイバ内に大きな内
部応力が生じ、非軸対称の応力分布が発生した為と考え
られる。As a result, it was confirmed that the polarization-maintaining fiber of the present invention is a good polarization-maintaining fiber with a large difference in propagation constant between polarization modes. This is because a large internal stress is generated within the optical fiber due to the difference in thermal contraction between the stress applying part 6.6 made of aluminum oxide and the cladding 7 and core 5 made of glass, resulting in a non-axisymmetric stress distribution. It is thought that this is because of this.
「発明の効果」
以上説明したようζ二本発明の偏波保持光ファイバは、
石英系ガラスからなるコアの両側に酸化アルミニウムか
らなる応力付与部が配置され、これらコアおよび応力付
与部が石英系ガラスからなるクラッドによって覆われて
なるものなので、光フアイバ内に大きな内部応力を生じ
せしめることができる。"Effects of the Invention" As explained above, the polarization maintaining optical fiber of the present invention has
Stress-applying parts made of aluminum oxide are placed on both sides of a core made of silica-based glass, and these cores and stress-applying parts are covered with a cladding made of silica-based glass, which creates a large internal stress within the optical fiber. You can force it.
したがって、本発明によれば、複屈折率が充分大きく、
ファイバセンサにあってはより一層の高感度化、通信用
ファイバにあっては優れた低損失化を達成でき、光フア
イバ偏光子を製作する際には動作波長域や作成条件の広
い偏波保持光ファイバを提供することができる。Therefore, according to the present invention, the birefringence is sufficiently large;
Fiber sensors can achieve even higher sensitivity, communication fibers can achieve superior loss reduction, and when manufacturing optical fiber polarizers, polarization maintenance can be achieved with a wide range of operating wavelengths and manufacturing conditions. Optical fiber can be provided.
また、酸化アルミニウムの単結晶からなる応力付与印形
成部材を用いたファイバ母材を用いることによって、複
屈折率の充分大きな偏波保持光ファイバを安定して製造
できる。Further, by using a fiber base material using a stress imparting mark forming member made of a single crystal of aluminum oxide, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber having a sufficiently large birefringence index can be stably manufactured.
第１図は本発明の偏波保持光ファイバの一実施例を示す
断面図、第２図は本発明のファイバ母材の丁実施例を示
す斜視図、第３図は偏波保持光ファイバの一般的な構造
を示す断面図である。
５・・・コア、６・・・応力付与部、７・・・クラッド
、ｌＯ・・・コアガラス部、１１・・・クラッドガラス
部、１２・・・応力付与印形成部材FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the fiber preform of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a general structure. 5... Core, 6... Stress applying part, 7... Clad, lO... Core glass part, 11... Clad glass part, 12... Stress applying mark forming member
Claims (2)
配置され、これらコアおよび応力付与部が石英系ガラス
からなるクラッドによって覆われてなる偏波保持光ファ
イバにおいて、 酸化アルミニウムによって応力付与部が形成されたこと
を特徴とする偏波保持光ファイバ。(1) In a polarization-maintaining optical fiber in which stress-applying parts are arranged on both sides of a core made of silica-based glass, and these cores and stress-applying parts are covered with a cladding made of silica-based glass, the stress-applying part is made of aluminum oxide. What is claimed is: 1. A polarization-maintaining optical fiber comprising:
スからなるクラッドガラス部で囲まれると共に、前記ク
ラッドガラス部にコアガラス部を挟むように酸化アルミ
ニウムの単結晶からなる棒状の応力付与部形成部材が配
置されたことを特徴とする偏波保持光ファイバを製造す
るためのファイバ母材。(2) A core glass part made of quartz glass is surrounded by a clad glass part made of quartz glass, and a rod-shaped stress applying part made of a single crystal of aluminum oxide is formed so as to sandwich the core glass part between the clad glass parts. A fiber preform for manufacturing a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, characterized in that a member is arranged thereon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63049111A JPH01222208A (en) | 1988-03-02 | 1988-03-02 | Polarization maintaining optical fiber and fiber base material for producing said fiber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63049111A JPH01222208A (en) | 1988-03-02 | 1988-03-02 | Polarization maintaining optical fiber and fiber base material for producing said fiber |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01222208A true JPH01222208A (en) | 1989-09-05 |
Family
ID=12821958
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63049111A Pending JPH01222208A (en) | 1988-03-02 | 1988-03-02 | Polarization maintaining optical fiber and fiber base material for producing said fiber |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH01222208A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6597847B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2003-07-22 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber for preserving plane of polarization |
| US6687442B2 (en) | 2001-01-17 | 2004-02-03 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber for preserving plane of polarization |
-
1988
- 1988-03-02 JP JP63049111A patent/JPH01222208A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6687442B2 (en) | 2001-01-17 | 2004-02-03 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber for preserving plane of polarization |
| US6597847B2 (en) | 2001-07-11 | 2003-07-22 | Fujikura Ltd. | Optical fiber for preserving plane of polarization |
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